JP2014198803A - Apparatus and method for monitoring slag - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slag monitor apparatus which prevents clogging of slag into the detection tip of a pressure measurement portion (pressure gage) by supplying a liquid to the vicinity of a high-pressure-side pressure measurement portion in a coal gasification installation and detects deposition of and blockage by slag appropriately.SOLUTION: A slag monitor apparatus includes a low-pressure-side pressure measurement portion for measuring a pressure on the low-pressure side of a slag storage portion in which slag can be piled, a high-pressure-side pressure measurement portion for measuring a pressure on the high-pressure-side of the slag storage portion, a liquid supply portion which supplies a liquid to the vicinity of the high-pressure-side pressure measurement portion, and a detection portion which detects an accumulation state of slag on the basis of a pressure difference between the high-pressure-side pressure measured after the liquid supply portion supplies a liquid and the low-pressure-side pressure.

Description

  The present invention relates to a slag monitoring device and a slag monitoring method, and more particularly, to a slag monitoring device and a slag monitoring method for monitoring slag accumulation generated in a coal gasification facility.

  A conventional slag discharge device is a slag discharge device that discharges granulated slag that has been cooled and crushed by dropping slag melted by a gasification furnace into quench water, and has a first cooling water discharge port. A differential pressure is detected between a pool, a slag hopper provided below the cooling water pool via a communication device and having a second cooling water discharge port, and the first and second cooling water discharge ports. (For example, Patent Document 1). Further, the conventional spouted bed gasifier is provided with a gasification reactor that gasifies coal and generates a product gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and is provided below the gasification reactor via a valve, A spouted bed gasification apparatus comprising a hopper that temporarily stores molten slag generated during gasification into quench water at a lower portion of the gasification reactor, cooled and crushed into granulated slag, and the gasification reactor and the hopper Measure the differential pressure between three locations with different heights, including the flowing water tank in which slag falls and deposits, the flow path that forms the rising flow of water in the flowing water tank, and the bottom in the flowing water tank And a device that opens the valve based on the measurement result of the differential pressure measuring device and moves the slag in the fluidized water tank to the hopper (for example, Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 3600329 JP 60-127391 A

  In the conventional slag discharge device (Patent Document 1), the blockage of the slag below the cooling water pool is detected by a differential pressure gauge between the cooling water drain ports provided in the cooling water pool and the slag hopper, respectively. However, because the detection end of the differential pressure gauge is attached to the cooling water drain of the cooling water pool and the slag hopper, the slag enters the cooling water outlet and the slag is clogged at the detection end of the differential pressure gauge, and the detection of the slag blockage is detected. There is a risk of inhibiting the stable discharge of slag. Further, in the conventional spouted bed gasifier (Patent Document 2), since the slag is clogged at the detection end of the differential pressure measuring device and the accumulated weight of the slag cannot be accurately determined, the slag discharge cannot be quantitatively evaluated. There is a fear.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a slag monitoring device that prevents slag from clogging at the detection end of a pressure gauge that is a pressure measuring unit and appropriately detects slag accumulation or blockage in a coal gasification facility. is there. By properly detecting slag accumulation or blockage, slag can be discharged stably.

  The slag monitoring device of the present invention includes a low-pressure side pressure measurement unit that measures the pressure on the low-pressure side of the slag reservoir that can accumulate slag, and a high-pressure side pressure measurement unit that measures the pressure on the high-pressure side of the slag reservoir. Based on the pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side, which is measured by supplying the liquid to the liquid supply unit that supplies the liquid in the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit, And a detection unit for detecting the accumulation state of the slag.

  According to this configuration, in the coal gasification facility, by supplying liquid in the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit, it is possible to prevent slag from clogging at the detection end of the pressure gauge that is the pressure measurement unit, and to accumulate slag. Or an occlusion can be detected appropriately. By properly detecting slag accumulation or blockage, slag can be discharged stably. Also, by supplying liquid from the liquid supply unit, the pressure in the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit increases, so the pressure difference between the high-pressure side pressure and the low-pressure side pressure increases, and slag accumulation or clogging occurs. It can be detected properly.

  In the slag monitoring device of the present invention, the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit includes a nozzle provided on the slag storage unit side, and the liquid supply unit supplies a liquid to the inside of the nozzle.

  According to this configuration, by supplying the liquid to the inside of the nozzle, the inside of the nozzle is purged, and the detection end of the pressure gauge that is the pressure measuring unit is prevented from clogging the slag. Accumulation or occlusion can be detected appropriately.

  In the slag monitoring device of the present invention, the high pressure side pressure measuring unit is a diaphragm type pressure gauge for measuring the slag powder pressure of the slag, and includes a pressure receiving unit having an area larger than the diameter of the slag, The liquid supply unit supplies liquid to the vicinity of the pressure receiving unit.

  According to this configuration, since the pressure receiving portion has an area larger than the diameter of the slag, the slag powder pressure can be appropriately measured, and the liquid supply portion supplies the liquid, whereby the high pressure side pressure measurement portion Therefore, the pressure difference between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side becomes large, and slag accumulation or blockage can be detected appropriately.

  The slag monitoring device of the present invention is provided below the slag storage part, temporarily stores the slag on the discharge side, a pipe connecting the slag storage part and the slag lock hopper, and the pipe And a valve that adjusts the amount of slag that moves from the slag reservoir to the slag lock hopper, and the high-pressure side pressure measuring unit is provided in the pipe above the valve.

  According to this configuration, the pipe connecting the slag storage part and the slag lock hopper is a place where the density of the slag is high and the flow rate of the slag is the fastest. As a result, a rise in the differential pressure appears remarkably, and slag accumulation or blockage can be detected appropriately.

  The slag monitoring device of the present invention includes a gasification furnace that converts coal into a gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and converts the ash content of the coal into the slag, and the detection unit includes the gasification furnace. Based on the operational status of and the properties of the coal, estimate the discharge time until the slag is discharged from the slag storage part and the pressure difference when the slag is discharged from the slag storage part, If the pressure difference is greater than the estimated pressure difference after the discharge time has elapsed, an alarm signal is output.

  According to this configuration, based on the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of coal, the discharge time and pressure difference are estimated, and after the discharge time has elapsed, if the pressure difference is greater than the estimated pressure difference, Since an alarm signal is output, it is possible to monitor slag discharge corresponding to the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of coal.

  The slag monitoring device of the present invention includes a gasification furnace that converts coal into a gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and converts the ash content of the coal into the slag, and the detection unit includes the gasification furnace. Based on the operational status and the properties of the coal, the discharge time until the slag is discharged from the slag storage part and the weight of the slag lock hopper when the slag is discharged from the slag storage part are estimated. If the weight of the slag lock hopper is smaller than the estimated weight after the discharge time has elapsed, an alarm signal is output.

  According to this configuration, based on the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of the coal, after estimating the discharge time and the weight of the slag lock hopper when the slag is discharged from the slag reservoir, after the discharge time has elapsed If the weight of the slag lock hopper is smaller than the estimated weight, an alarm signal is output, so that slag discharge corresponding to the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of coal can be monitored.

  In the slag monitoring device of the present invention, the slag storage unit includes a liquid injection nozzle that injects liquid into the slag storage unit when the alarm signal is output.

  According to this configuration, the discharge of slag is promoted by breaking the slag accumulated or closed by the liquid ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle.

  In the slag monitoring method of the present invention, the pressure on the low-pressure side of the slag reservoir where slag can be accumulated is measured, the pressure on the high-pressure side of the slag reservoir is measured, and in the vicinity of the portion where the pressure on the high-pressure side is measured. A liquid is supplied, and the accumulation state of the slag is detected based on a pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side measured by supplying the liquid.

  According to this configuration, in the coal gasification facility, by supplying the liquid in the vicinity of the portion for measuring the pressure on the high pressure side, it is possible to prevent clogging of the slag at the detection end of the pressure gauge that is the pressure measuring unit, Slag accumulation or blockage can be properly detected. By properly detecting slag accumulation or blockage, slag can be discharged stably. In addition, by supplying a liquid in the vicinity of the portion for measuring the pressure on the high pressure side, the pressure in the vicinity of the portion for measuring the pressure on the high pressure side increases, so the pressure difference between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side And the accumulation or blockage of slag can be detected appropriately.

  According to the present invention, in a coal gasification facility, it is possible to prevent slag from clogging at the detection end of a pressure gauge, which is a pressure measuring unit, and to appropriately detect slag accumulation or blockage. Can be discharged.

It is the figure which showed an example of the coal gasification installation containing the slag monitoring apparatus of this Embodiment. It is the figure which showed operation which the accumulation state of slag is detected. It is the figure which showed an example of the coal gasification installation containing the slag monitoring apparatus whose high pressure side pressure measurement part is a diaphragm type pressure gauge. It is the figure which showed an example of the coal gasification equipment containing the slag monitoring apparatus with which the high voltage | pressure side pressure measurement part was provided in slag discharge piping. It is the figure which showed an example of the change of the differential pressure which a detection part detects in the state in which slag has accumulated in the slag storage part. It is the figure which showed an example of the monitoring of the slag discharge corresponding to the operation condition of a gasifier, and the property of coal.

  Hereinafter, a slag monitoring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a coal gasification facility including the slag monitoring device of the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the coal gasification facility includes a gasification furnace 1, a quench unit 2, a slag discharge valve 4, a water supply valve 7 (7-1, 7-2, 7-3), a slag tap 8, and a water supply nozzle. 9, slag lock hopper 10, slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11, injection valve 13, injection nozzle 14, high pressure water supply valve 17, drain valve 18, slag lock hopper drain valve 19, drain nozzle 21, crusher 22, nozzle type Pressure gauges 23-1 (low pressure side), 23-2 (high pressure side), differential pressure gauge 24, and detection unit 25 are provided.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the slag monitoring device of the present embodiment is a low-pressure side pressure measurement unit (nozzle type pressure gauge 23-1) that measures the low-pressure side pressure of the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2 that can accumulate slag. ), A high pressure side pressure measurement unit of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 that measures the pressure on the high pressure side of the slag reservoir of the quench unit 2, and a liquid in the vicinity of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2. The pressure of the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side measured by the liquid supply unit (water supply valve 7-3) and the liquid supply unit (water supply valves 7-2, 7-3) supplying the liquid And a detection unit 25 that detects the accumulation state of the slag based on the difference. The high pressure side pressure measurement unit (nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2) includes a nozzle provided on the slag storage unit (quenching unit 2) side, and the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit supplies liquid to the inside of the nozzle. Supply.

  The water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit supplies liquid to the vicinity of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, so that the detection end of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 is provided. It is possible to prevent clogging of the slag and appropriately detect slag accumulation or clogging in the quench unit 2. Further, when slag is accumulated or clogged, nozzle-type pressure is supplied by supplying liquid from the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit to the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measuring unit of the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2. Since the pressure in the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit of the total 23-2 is increased and the pressure difference between the high-pressure side pressure and the low-pressure side pressure is increased, slag accumulation or blockage can be detected appropriately.

The gasification furnace 1 includes a pulverized coal burner for gasification, gasifies the pulverized coal in a high temperature and high pressure atmosphere, and converts it into a product gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H ₂ ), Ash (ash content) in pulverized coal is converted into molten slag 20. The quench unit 2 is connected to the lower side of the gasification furnace 1 via a slag tap 8 and stores quench water 5. The molten slag 20 converted in the gasification furnace 1 flows on the side surface of the gasification furnace 1, flows down from the slag tap 8, and falls into the quench water 5 of the quench unit 2. The molten slag 20 is rapidly cooled (quenched) in the quench water 5 and changed from a melt to a solid, and the slag is crushed by the thermal shock at this time to become a granulated slag 3. The granulated slag 3 is stored and deposited in the quench unit 2 below the gasification furnace 1.

  The structure of the quench part 2 is different in shape between the upper part and the lower part, the body part above the quench part 2 is cylindrical, and the lower part has a narrowed cone shape. Below the quench unit 2, a slag lock hopper 10 is installed via a slag discharge valve 4.

  The quench unit 2 includes a water supply nozzle 9 that supplies water (or recycled water) 6, a water supply valve 7-1 that adjusts the amount of water supplied from the water supply nozzle 9, and a drain valve 18 that drains the water 6. The quench unit 2 includes a liquid level detection unit (not shown) that detects the liquid level of the quench water 5 with a head or the like, and the liquid level of the quench water 5 by opening and closing the water supply valve 7-1 and the drain valve 18. (Water level) is controlled to be constant. When the quench unit 2 stores the granulated slag 3 during the operation of the coal gasification facility, the liquid level (water level) of the quench water 5 rises and falls due to the volume of the granulated slag 3 and the evaporation of the quench water 5. According to the liquid level (water level) of the quench water 5, the water supply valve 7-1 and the drain valve 18 are opened and closed, and the liquid level (water level) of the quench water 5 is controlled to the control position.

  The quench unit 2 includes a crusher 22, and includes a slag discharge pipe 27 that connects the quench unit 2 and the slag lock hopper 10 at the bottom of the quench unit 2. The relatively large granulated slag 3 is crushed by the crusher 22. The slag discharge pipe 27 includes a slag discharge valve 4 that transfers the granulated slag (slag) 3 from the quench unit 2 to the slag lock hopper 10. During operation of the coal gasification facility, a predetermined amount of the granulated slag 3 is stored in the quench unit 2, and the slag discharge valve 4 is set at a predetermined time interval (discharge interval) according to the amount of stored granulated slag 3. The granulated slag 3 is opened and discharged from the quenching unit 2 to the slag lock hopper 10. The slag lock hopper 10 is provided below the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2 and temporarily stores the slag on the discharge side of the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2. The slag lock hopper 10 includes a high pressure water supply valve 17 for supplying the high pressure water 16 to the supply line 26, and a drain nozzle 21 is provided above the slag lock hopper 10. The drain nozzle 21 discharges the high-pressure water 16 or the quench water 5 through the slag lock hopper drain valve 19. The slag lock hopper 10 includes a slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11 at the bottom of the slag lock hopper 10. The slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11 discharges the granulated slag (slag) 3 from the slag lock hopper 10.

  Next, an operation of transferring the granulated slag (slag) 3 stored in the quench unit 2 to the slag lock hopper 10 will be described. First, in a state in which the slag discharge valve 4 and the slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11 are closed, the high-pressure water supply valve 17 is opened, the high-pressure water 16 is supplied to the slag lock hopper 10 and filled, and excess gas is released. After that, the slag lock hopper drain valve 19 is closed. When the pressure in the slag lock hopper 10 is increased to substantially the same pressure as that of the gasifier 1, the high pressure water supply valve 17 is closed, and the supply of the high pressure water 16 to the slag lock hopper 10 is finished.

  Then, the slag discharge valve 4, the water supply valve 7, and the slag lock hopper drain valve 19 are opened in this order, and the granulated slag 3 stored in the quench unit 2 is transferred to the slag lock hopper 10 together with the quench water 5. The quench water 5 is discharged through the drain nozzle 21. Even in the operation in which the granulated slag 3 is transferred to the slag lock hopper 10, the water supply valve 7-1, the slag lock hopper drain valve 19, and the drainage are set so that the water level of the quench water 5 in the quench unit 2 becomes a constant level. Valve 18 is controlled. The valve openings of the water supply valves 7-2 and 7-3 are controlled so as to have a constant flow rate. About the water supply valves 7-2 and 7-3, when storing the granulated slag 3, the water 6 is slightly opened and a small amount of water 6 is allowed to flow so that the granulated slag 3 does not enter the nozzles 23-1 and 23-2. You may leave it.

  After the granulated slag 3 is transferred to the slag lock hopper 10, the slag discharge valve 4 is closed, the pressure of the slag lock hopper 10 is reduced to atmospheric pressure, and the slag lock hopper drain valve 19 is closed. Then, the slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11 is opened, and the granulated slag 3 is discharged together with the quench water 5 out of the gasification furnace 1.

  After all the granulated slag 3 in the slag lock hopper 10 is discharged and the granulated slag 3 is no longer discharged from the slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11, the slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 11 is closed. Then, the high-pressure water supply valve 17 is opened, the high-pressure water 16 is supplied to the slag lock hopper 10, the inside of the slag lock hopper 10 is filled with water, and preparations for receiving the granulated slag 3 stored in the quench unit 2 are started again. . Thus, the granulated slag 3 stored in the quench unit 2 is discharged out of the system of the coal gasification facility by batch processing.

  In the operation of transferring the granulated slag 3 to the slag lock hopper 10, the detection unit 25 discharges the granulated slag (slag) 3 stored and accumulated in the quench unit 2 for stable operation of the coal gasification facility. It is detected whether it is in a state of being deposited or blocked.

  If the granulated slag 3 is blocked and is not discharged from the quench unit 2, the operation of the entire system including not only the coal gasification facility but also the coal gasification facility is stopped. Therefore, the detection unit 25 detects whether the granulated slag 3 accumulated in the quench unit 2 is stably discharged or accumulated without being discharged and is in a closed state during operation of the coal gasification facility. To do. As a result, it is possible to prevent the entire system from being stopped by immediately taking measures against an abnormality due to slag blockage.

  In the prior art, the differential pressure at the drain outlet or the weight of the slag based on the differential pressure is measured to determine whether the slag is discharged stably, but if the granulated slag is clogged at the detection end of the differential pressure gauge The differential pressure cannot be measured accurately, and the detection of the slag blockage is hindered. If the differential pressure cannot be measured accurately, the weight of the slag based on the differential pressure cannot be measured, and the quantitative evaluation of slag discharge is hindered.

  In addition, slag is made of ash in coal, and the components of ash vary depending on the type of coal (the nature of the coal). Therefore, in order for slag to be discharged stably, it is necessary to consider the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of the coal (such as the ash composition for each coal type or the slag density for each coal type). However, the prior art has not dealt with slag discharge considering the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of coal.

  In the present embodiment, based on the pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side that is measured by supplying the liquid from the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit, the detection unit 25 uses the granulated slag (slag) ) 3 is detected, so that the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit supplies the liquid in the vicinity of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit (nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2), so that the high pressure side pressure measurement unit ( It is possible to prevent slag from clogging at the detection end of the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2), and to appropriately detect slag accumulation or blockage.

  Moreover, in this Embodiment, until the detection part 25 is discharged | emitted from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 by the granulated slag (slag) 3 based on the operation condition of the gasification furnace 1, and the property of coal. The pressure difference when the discharge time and the granulated slag (slag) 3 were discharged from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 or the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 was estimated, and the pressure difference was estimated after the discharge time passed. When the pressure difference is larger or the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 is smaller than the estimated weight, a warning signal is output, so the slag discharge corresponding to the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of the coal should be monitored. Can do.

  Next, an operation in which the detection unit 25 detects the slag accumulation state based on the pressure difference will be described. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an operation for detecting a slag accumulation state.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the quench unit 2 includes a differential pressure gauge 24. The detection end of the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-1, which is a low-pressure side pressure measuring unit, is located above the accumulated granulated slag 3 so that the pressure can be measured without being affected by the accumulation of the granulated slag 3 (FIG. 1). Then, it is installed above the crusher 22. The detection end of the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2, which is a high-pressure side pressure measurement unit, is installed in the cone-shaped portion of the quench unit 2. In FIG. 1, a liquid (for example, water) is supplied in the vicinity of the pressure measurement unit 23 on the low pressure side and the high pressure side. Alternatively, the liquid is supplied to the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 which is at least the high pressure side pressure measurement unit among the low pressure side and high pressure side pressure measurement units 23.

  As shown in FIG.1 and FIG.2, the liquid supply part (water supply valves 7-2 and 7-3) which supplies a liquid (water 6) to the detection end of the pressure measurement part 23 of a low voltage | pressure side and a high voltage | pressure side is each provided. The liquid is supplied into the nozzles of the nozzle type pressure gauges 23-1, 23-2.

  FIG. 2A is a diagram illustrating a state in which no liquid is supplied to the inside of the nozzle of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit (nozzle pressure gauge 23-2). By the operation of transferring the granulated slag (slag) 3 stored in the quench unit 2 to the slag lock hopper 10, the granulated slag 3 is transferred to the slag lock hopper 10 together with the quench water 5. In this case, there is a possibility that small slag is accompanied by the circulating flow at the detection end of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, enters the detection end, and the detection end is clogged with slag.

  FIG. 2B is a diagram illustrating a state in which liquid is supplied to the inside of the nozzle of the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2 which is a high-pressure side pressure measurement unit. The liquid supply unit (water supply valve 7-3) supplies liquid to the vicinity (nozzle) of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, thereby preventing slag from clogging at the detection end of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2. Further, as shown in FIG. 2B, when slag is accumulated in the slag storage part of the quench part 2 (for example, when the slag is blocked or slag is discharged to the slag lock hopper 10. ), The flow of the liquid (water 6) supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 which is the liquid supply unit is hindered by the granulated slag 3, and in the vicinity of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 which is the high pressure side pressure measurement unit Since the pressure rises, the pressure difference between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side is further increased, and slag accumulation or blockage can be detected appropriately. On the other hand, as shown in FIG.2 (c), in the state where the slag is not accumulated in the slag storage part of the quench part 2, the flow of the liquid (water) supplied from the liquid supply part (water supply valve 7-3) flows. Since it is not inhibited by the granulated slag 3, the pressure does not increase as compared with the case where slag is accumulated. Therefore, the change in the pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side increases depending on whether or not slag is accumulated in the slag storage part of the quench unit 2, and slag is accumulated or blocked. Can be detected appropriately.

  When the slag discharge valve 4 is opened, the granulated slag 3 accumulated in the slag storage part of the quench part 2 is discharged to the slag lock hopper 10. In this case, the water supply valves 7-2 and 7-3 are opened, and the water 6 is supplied to the vicinity (nozzle) of the pressure measuring unit 23. When the granulated slag 3 is discharged, the detection unit 25 monitors the differential pressure (pressure difference between the high-pressure side pressure and the low-pressure side pressure) measured by the differential pressure gauge 24, and based on this differential pressure. The accumulation state of the granulated slag (slag) 3 is detected. Not only when the pressure is measured, the water supply valves 7-2 and 7-3 may always supply a small amount of water with the valve opening slightly opened. By constantly supplying water, it is possible to reliably prevent clogging of the slag at the detection end of the pressure measurement unit 23.

  When the detection unit 25 detects that the granulated slag 3 is accumulated without being discharged and is in a closed state, an abnormal alarm signal is output. The slag reservoir of the quench unit 2 includes a liquid jet nozzle (jet nozzle 14). The liquid injection nozzle (injection nozzle 14) includes an injection valve 13 that adjusts the injection amount of the injection medium 12, and injects liquid into the slag reservoir (quenching unit 2) when an alarm signal is output. As a result, the ejection of the granulated slag 3 that has accumulated or closed is promoted by the ejection medium 12 that is ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle (the ejection nozzle 14).

  As mentioned above, although embodiment concerning this invention was described, this invention is not limited to these, It can change and deform | transform within the range described in the claim.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 3, the pressure measurement unit (low pressure side pressure measurement unit and high pressure side pressure measurement unit) 23 is a slag powder of granulated slag (slag) 3 instead of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2. A diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2 ′ for measuring pressure may be used, and a pressure receiving part having an area larger than the diameter of the slag may be provided. In this case, the liquid supply unit (water supply valve 7-3) supplies the liquid (water 6) in the vicinity of the pressure receiving unit. In FIG. 3, the liquid supply part (water supply valve 7-3) supplies the liquid (water 6) above the pressure receiving part.

  The size of the pressure receiving portion at the detection end of the diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2 'is several tens of times larger than the granulated slag 3 of several mm. For example, when the average diameter of the granulated slag 3 is 5 mm, the size of the pressure receiving portion at the detection end of the diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2 'is 50 mm or more. The pressure receiving portion at the detection end of the diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2 'has a flat plate shape so that the slag powder pressure can be measured. In order to accurately measure the slag powder pressure, the water supply valve 7-3, which is a liquid supply unit, is not directly supplied to the pressure receiving unit 23-2 ', but is provided in the vicinity of the pressure receiving unit 23-2'. Water is supplied from the water supply nozzle 9 '. As the water 6 is supplied from the water supply nozzle 9 ′ in the vicinity of the pressure receiving unit, the flow of the liquid (water 6) supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit to the granulated slag 3 as described above. Since the pressure increases in the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measuring unit of the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, it is possible to appropriately detect slag accumulation or blockage. Moreover, the change of the pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side increases depending on whether or not slag is accumulated in the slag storage part of the quench unit 2, and slag is accumulated or blocked. Can be detected appropriately. The position of the water supply nozzle 9 'for supplying water 6 may be the same horizontal position as that of the diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2'.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the slag monitoring device is provided below the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2, and includes a slag lock hopper 10 that temporarily stores slag on the discharge side, and the slag storage unit and slag of the quench unit 2. A slag discharge pipe 27 that is a pipe connecting the lock hopper 10 and a slag discharge valve that is provided in the slag discharge pipe 27 and transfers the granulated slag (slag) 3 from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 to the slag lock hopper 10. 4 and the high pressure side pressure measurement unit may be provided in the slag discharge pipe 27 above the valve (slag discharge valve 4).

  In the quench unit 2, the diameter of the slag discharge pipe 27 to which the slag discharge valve 4 is connected is the smallest. Therefore, in the slag discharge pipe 27, the density of the granulated slag 3 in the quench water 5 is high, and the flow velocity of the granulated slag 3 is the fastest. A nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, which is a high-pressure side pressure measuring unit, is provided at this location. When water 6 is supplied to the nozzle, the liquid (water 6) supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 of the liquid supply unit The flow of water is hindered by the high-density and high-flow rate granulated slag 3, and the increase in the differential pressure appears remarkably. Therefore, a pressure difference between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side appears remarkably, and slag accumulation or blockage can be detected appropriately.

  Moreover, the detection part 25 is based on the operation condition of the gasifier 1, and the property of coal, The discharge time until the slag of the quench part 2 is discharged | emitted from a slag storage part, and the slag storage part of the quench part 2 If the pressure difference is larger than the estimated pressure difference after the discharge time has elapsed after the discharge time has elapsed, an alarm signal may be output.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a change in the differential pressure detected by the detection unit 25 in a state where slag is accumulated in the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2. As shown in FIG. 5, the change in differential pressure when the high pressure side pressure measurement unit is the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 and there is no water supply from the water supply valve 7-3 is a line A (dashed line) as a comparative example. The high pressure side pressure measuring unit shown in FIG. 1 is a nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2, and the change in differential pressure when there is water supply from the water supply valve 7-3 is expressed by line B (broken line). The high-pressure side pressure measuring unit shown in FIG. 3 is a diaphragm-type pressure gauge 23-2 ′, and the change in the differential pressure when water is supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 is represented by the line C (solid line). . In FIG. 5, in order to make the effect of water supply easier to understand, lines A, B, and C are the difference from the reference, with the differential pressure in the state where there is no water supply from the water supply valve 7-3 at time 0 as the reference (differential pressure 0). It is represented by

  As shown in FIG. 5, in the state where the granulated slag 3 is accumulated in the quench unit 2, the line A is a case where there is no water supply from the water supply valve 7-3, so the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side The pressure difference between and is constant and does not change. Before the water is supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 in the line B, the pressure difference (differential pressure) between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side is constant and zero. . Before the water is supplied from the water supply valve 7-3 on line C, the pressure receiving part of the diaphragm type pressure gauge 23-2 ′ is slag powder of the granulated slag 3 by the granulated slag 3 accumulated in the quench part 2. Since the pressure is measured, the slag powder pressure P0 appears.

  When the water supply valve 7-3 is opened and the supply of the water 6 is started at time T1, the flow of the water 6 is inhibited by the granulated slag 3, and the nozzle type pressure gauge 23-2 or the diaphragm type of the high pressure side pressure measuring unit. Since the pressure in the vicinity of the pressure gauge 23-2 ′ increases, the differential pressures increase on lines B and C to P1 and P1 ′, respectively.

  When the water supply valve 7-3 is closed and the supply of water 6 is stopped at time T2, the state before the water supply from the water supply valve 7-3 is restored, the differential pressure returns to 0 on line B, and the differential pressure on line C. Returns to the slag powder pressure P0. In FIG. 5, the change in differential pressure in the state where the granulated slag 3 is accumulated in the quench unit 2 is shown. However, when all of the granulated slag 3 is discharged to the slag lock hopper 10, Since the powder pressure P0 is not measured, the differential pressure becomes 0 after the water supply from the water supply valve 7-3 is stopped as in the case of the line B.

  In this way, the water supply valve 7-3, which is a liquid supply unit, supplies liquid to the vicinity of the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit, which is the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2, so that the high-pressure side, which is the nozzle-type pressure gauge 23-2. It is possible to prevent clogging of the slag at the detection end of the pressure measuring unit, and appropriately detect slag accumulation or blockage by increasing the differential pressure.

  A circulating flow (vortex) is generated at the connecting portion between the main flow (for example, quenching section 2) and a small-diameter pipe (for example, nozzle), and a small granulated slag 3 is accompanied by the circulating flow. There is a possibility that the granulated slag 3 is clogged at the detection end. Therefore, by supplying water 6 in the vicinity of the pressure measurement unit 23, a flow from the pressure measurement unit 23 to the quench unit 2 is created, and the granulated slag 3 is prevented from entering the pressure measurement unit 23. It is also possible to prevent the slag 3 from being blocked by the pressure measurement unit 23. Moreover, since the differential pressure changes due to the presence of the granulated slag 3 by supplying water 6 from the water supply valve 7-3, the granulated slag of the quench unit 2 is measured by measuring the differential pressure over time. 3 can be confirmed. Moreover, the detection part 25 detects whether the granulated slag 3 accumulated in the quench part 2 is discharged | emitted stably, or is accumulated without being discharged | emitted and is in the abnormal state (clogging state) by obstruction | occlusion. Therefore, it is possible to immediately take measures in case of abnormality due to blockage.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of monitoring of slag discharge corresponding to the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of coal. As shown in FIG. 6, the change with time in the pressure difference between the high pressure side and the low pressure side of the quenching section 2 in the slag discharge (upper stage) and the change with time in the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 (lower stage) are shown. The change over time when the granulated slag 3 is stably discharged from the quench unit 2 to the slag lock hopper 10 is represented by a line D (solid line), and the granulated slag 3 is discharged due to accumulation or blockage of the granulated slag 3. A change with time when the delay is delayed is represented by a broken line E (broken line).

  At time 0, since a certain amount of the granulated slag 3 has accumulated in the quench part 2, the differential pressure P3 is measured (upper part of FIG. 6). Since the granulated slag 3 has not yet been discharged to the slag lock hopper 10, the weight W1 of the water in the slag lock hopper 10 is measured. At time T3, the slag discharge valve 4 is opened and discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started. In the state where the granulated slag 3 is stably discharged, the differential pressure gradually decreases according to the accumulated height of the granulated slag 3 as shown by the line D (upper stage in FIG. 6). At this time, the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 gradually increases according to the discharge amount of the granulated slag 3 (lower stage in FIG. 6).

  When the entire amount of the granulated slag 3 is discharged, the differential pressure in the line D becomes the differential pressure pc when only the quench water 5 flows (upper part of FIG. 6). Assuming that the time from the start of discharging the granulated slag 3 until the entire amount of the granulated slag 3 is discharged is tc, the discharge time tc and the differential pressure (pressure difference) pc are the stable discharge standard (the stable discharge reference time tc and the stable discharge standard time). The discharge reference differential pressure pc). Thus, based on the operation status of the gasifier 1 and the properties of coal, the detection unit 25 discharges time tc until the granulated slag 3 is discharged from the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2 and the granulated slag. The pressure difference pc when 3 is discharged from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 is estimated and set as a stable discharge reference (stable discharge reference time tc and stable discharge reference differential pressure pc).

  Based on the operating conditions of the gasification facility (or gasification furnace 1) and the properties of the coal, the amount W2 of the granulated slag 3 stored in the quenching unit 2 is estimated, and the stable discharge of the granulated slag 3 of the estimated amount is obtained. The reference time tc is set in advance from the capacity of the quench unit 2, the discharge amount and discharge interval of the slag discharge valve 4, and the stable discharge reference differential pressure pc is set in advance.

  When the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is delayed due to the accumulation or blockage of the granulated slag 3, as shown by the broken line E, the slag discharge valve 4 is opened at time T3 and the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started. Even if the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 passes the stable discharge reference time tc (time T5), the differential pressure does not decrease to the stable discharge reference differential pressure pc. In this case, the detection unit 25 determines that the granulated slag 3 is accumulated or blocked, and outputs an alarm signal as defective discharge of the granulated slag 3.

  Further, when the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is delayed due to the accumulation or blockage of the granulated slag 3, as shown by the broken line E, the slag discharge valve 4 is opened at time T3, and the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started. After the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 has passed the stable discharge reference time tc (time T5), the amount of the granulated slag 3 discharged per unit time decreases, and the granulated slag 3 is discharged stably. The amount of discharge per unit time is smaller than that of the line D in the existing state (the upper part of FIG. 6). Therefore, the detection unit 25 presets a threshold value of the discharge amount per unit time, and the unit of the discharge amount ΔP after the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 has passed the stable discharge reference time tc (time T4 to T5). When the discharge amount “ΔP / (t−tc)” per time is equal to or less than the threshold value, the detection unit 25 determines that the granulated slag 3 is accumulated or blocked, and warns that the granulated slag 3 is discharged poorly. A signal may be output.

  As described above, the detection unit 25 has a discharge time (stable discharge reference time) tc until the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2 based on the operation status of the gasifier 1 and the properties of coal. A pressure difference (stable discharge reference differential pressure) pc when the slag is discharged from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 is estimated, and a warning is given if the stable discharge reference pressure difference pc is larger after the stable discharge reference time tc has elapsed. Output a signal.

  Further, as shown by the broken line E, after the slag discharge valve 4 is opened at time T3, discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started, and after the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 has passed the stable discharge reference time tc, for example, time When the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 at T5 does not reach the weight W3 obtained by adding the estimated weight W2 of the granulated slag 3, the detection unit 25 determines that the granulated slag 3 is accumulated or blocked, An alarm signal may be output as defective discharge of the granulated slag 3.

  Moreover, as shown by the broken line E, the slag discharge valve 4 is opened at time T3, and the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started. After the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 has passed the stable discharge reference time tc (time T5) ), When the weight difference ΔW up to the weight W3 is equal to or greater than a preset threshold value, the detection unit 25 determines that the granulated slag 3 is accumulated or clogged, and warns that the granulated slag 3 is discharged poorly. A signal may be output. In addition, after the time T3 has elapsed, the slag discharge valve 4 is opened, and the discharge of the granulated slag 3 is started. When ΔP / Δt≈0 or ΔW / Δt≈0 during slag discharge, the detection unit 25 It may be determined that the slag 3 is blocked, and an alarm signal may be output as a discharge failure of the granulated slag 3.

  As described above, the detection unit 25 has a discharge time (stable discharge reference time) tc until the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit of the quench unit 2 based on the operation status of the gasifier 1 and the properties of coal. The weight W3 of the slag lock hopper 10 when the slag is discharged from the slag storage part of the quench part 2 is estimated, and after the discharge time (stable discharge reference differential pressure) tc has elapsed, the weight of the slag lock hopper 10 is estimated. If the weight is less than W3, an alarm signal is output.

  Further, the liquid injection nozzle (injection nozzle 14) allows the liquid as the injection medium to be discharged from the quenching unit 2 when an alarm signal is output after the discharge time t of the granulated slag 3 has passed the stable discharge reference time tc. The bridge | crosslinking of the granulated slag 3 which sprayed and accumulated inside the slag storage part for a fixed time is destroyed. In addition, you may inject the injection medium to the slag discharge piping 27 of the quench part 2, and destroy the bridge | crosslinking of the granulated slag 3. FIG. As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, discharge of the granulated slag 3 is promoted by collapsing the accumulated or blocked granulated slag 3 by the ejection medium 12 ejected from the liquid ejection nozzle (injection nozzle 14). Is done.

  The slag monitoring device and the slag monitoring method according to the present invention appropriately detect slag accumulation or blockage by preventing slag from clogging at a detection end of a pressure measurement unit (pressure gauge) in a coal gasification facility. Therefore, the present invention is useful as a slag monitoring device and a slag monitoring method for monitoring slag accumulation generated in a coal gasification facility.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasification furnace 2 Quench part 3 Granulated slag 4 Slag discharge valve 5 Quench water 7 Water supply valve 9 Water supply nozzle 10 Slag lock hopper 11 Slag lock hopper / slag discharge valve 12 Injection medium 13 Injection valve 14 Injection nozzle 16 High pressure water 17 High pressure Water supply valve 18 Drain valve 19 Slag lock hopper drain valve 20 Melted slag 21 Drain nozzle 22 Crusher 23 Pressure measurement unit 23-1 Low pressure side pressure measurement unit 23-2 High pressure side pressure measurement unit 24 Differential pressure gauge 25 Detection unit 26 Supply line 27 Slag discharge piping

Claims (8)

A low-pressure side pressure measurement unit that measures the pressure on the low-pressure side of the slag reservoir where slag can accumulate,
A high-pressure side pressure measurement unit that measures the pressure on the high-pressure side of the slag reservoir,
A liquid supply unit for supplying a liquid in the vicinity of the high pressure side pressure measurement unit;
The liquid supply unit includes a detection unit configured to detect the accumulation state of the slag based on a pressure difference between the pressure on the high pressure side and the pressure on the low pressure side measured by supplying the liquid. Slag monitoring device. The high-pressure side pressure measurement unit includes a nozzle provided on the slag storage unit side,
The slag monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the liquid supply unit supplies liquid to the inside of the nozzle. The high-pressure side pressure measurement unit is a diaphragm type pressure gauge that measures the slag powder pressure of the slag, and includes a pressure receiving unit having an area larger than the diameter of the slag,
The slag monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid supply unit supplies a liquid in the vicinity of the pressure receiving unit. A slag lock hopper that is provided below the slag storage part and stores the slag on the discharge side;
A pipe connecting the slag reservoir and the slag lock hopper;
A discharge valve that is provided in the pipe and that transfers the slag from the slag reservoir to the slag lock hopper;
The slag monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the high-pressure side pressure measurement unit is provided in the pipe above the valve. Comprising a gasification furnace for converting coal into gas and converting the ash content of the coal into the slag;
When the detection unit is based on the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of the coal, when the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit and when the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit The pressure difference is estimated, and after the discharge time has elapsed, if the pressure difference is greater than the estimated pressure difference, an alarm signal is output. The slag monitoring device described in 1. Comprising a gasification furnace for converting coal into gas and converting the ash content of the coal into the slag;
When the detection unit is based on the operation status of the gasifier and the properties of the coal, when the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit and when the slag is discharged from the slag storage unit The weight of the slag lock hopper is estimated, and after the discharge time has elapsed, if the weight of the slag lock hopper is smaller than the estimated weight, an alarm signal is output. Slag monitoring device.   The slag monitoring device according to claim 5, wherein the slag storage unit includes a liquid injection nozzle that injects liquid into the slag storage unit when the alarm signal is output. Measure the pressure on the low pressure side of the slag reservoir where slag can accumulate,
Measure the pressure on the high pressure side of the slag reservoir,
Supplying a liquid in the vicinity of the portion for measuring the pressure on the high-pressure side;
A method for monitoring slag, wherein the accumulation state of the slag is detected based on a pressure difference between the pressure on the high-pressure side and the pressure on the low-pressure side measured by supplying the liquid.

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