JP2014193736A - Cold insulation container for air transportation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cold insulation container for air transportation of which cold insulation performance is improved while achieving weight saving.SOLUTION: A cold insulation container for air transportation comprises: a vacuum insulation mat 3 in which a panel 2 constituting a container housing 1 encapsulates a mat-shaped heat insulation material 11 by sandwiching the heat insulation material 11 from both sides thereof by a film member 12 and an encapsulated space 13 is vacuum pressure-reduced; a plate 4 of a foam heat insulation material for sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat 3 from both sides thereof; and a lightweight metal plate 5 for sandwiching the plate 4 of the foam heat insulation material from both sides thereof. Thus, a container, which has an excellent cold insulation efficiency compared with a conventional cold insulation container made of an urethane heat insulation material for air transportation, can be obtained. A makeup amount of dry ice in this container can be reduced, even if it is required to cold the container at a same temperature and during a same time as those in a conventional one. Further, such an effect that a load of an operator can be reduced, is exhibited. In addition, the vacuum insulation mat, which may be easily scratched, can be protected in such a manner that the mat is sandwiched from both sides thereof by the plate of the foam heat insulation material and the lightweight metal plate. Also, the durability can be secured.

Description

  The present invention relates to an air-cooled cold storage container having improved cold storage performance.

In recent years, the aviation business has diversified.
In the area of passengers, not only conventional airlines but also companies that have been called low-cost carriers have begun to enter the market. Including these companies, various options have increased in the departure and arrival areas and price ranges.
On the other hand, air cargo is transported together with passengers or alone. These cargoes are also being transported not only domestically, but also overseas, including emerging countries where development is remarkable. Therefore, air freight tends to diversify in commodities and regions to be transported as compared to conventional cases.

  In such air freight, the importance of transportation in products and products that are particularly sensitive to temperature changes, such as foods, medicines, and electronic devices, is increasing. Many of these require transport at low temperatures.

  Even conventional air freight has been transporting such temperature-sensitive goods and products. In that case, a heat insulating container provided with a temperature control device that controls the temperature during air transportation is used. However, due to safety regulations regarding air cargo, there are severe restrictions on what type of equipment is used for air transportation.

  As a conventional air-cooled container, a thing like patent document 1 (special table 2003-522687) is mentioned, for example.

The air cargo container described in Patent Document 1 will be described. Reference numerals in parentheses are those described in the publication. In this air cargo container, a heat insulation box (38) and an ice box (40) having a double structure are attached in an outer container. Usually, the inner volume of the container is about 3 m ³ . The ice box communicates with the outside of the container through the opening (28). Dry ice, which is a refrigerant, can be introduced into the ice box from the outside through the opening.

The container is cooled as follows. That is, the air in the storage room for storing products and products is guided into the heat insulation box by the fan (41). An ice box with dry ice has cold energy. Therefore, the air taken into the heat insulation box is cooled by the ice box and becomes cold. This cold air is sent again to the storage room, and the low temperature of the storage room is maintained.
The temperature maintenance range is limited to plus or minus 2 ° C.

Urethane is used as a heat insulating material in conventional cold storage containers for air transportation and transportation containers including railways and ships. On the other hand, for example, as in Patent Document 2 (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2012-21615), a shipping container using a vacuum heat insulating panel has also been proposed.

Special table 2003-522687 JP 2012-21615 A

  Since the conventional air-cooled cold storage container exemplified in Patent Document 1 needs to be reduced in weight, lightweight urethane is used as a heat insulating material.

Such an air-cooled cold container is kept cold using dry ice. Add dry ice regularly to maintain temperature.
The dry ice to be used is 25 kg / piece of block-shaped dry ice that is distributed as a standard in Japan. The square dry ice is crushed by a worker into a size of about 2 kg / piece with a hammer or the like, and is manually put into the opening of the container.

  The total input is about 80 kg. That amount of dry ice must be crushed manually and charged. The introduction of dry ice requires considerable labor. In order to maintain the cold state, dry ice must be added every time dry ice runs out. Thus, the conventional cold storage container does not have sufficient cold storage efficiency. The current situation is that it is covered by heavy labor of workers.

  On the other hand, in a transport container other than air cargo, as shown in Patent Document 2, a vacuum heat insulation panel is used as a heat insulation structure.

  However, the vacuum heat insulation panel disclosed in Patent Document 2 is configured such that two metal side plates are opposed to each other, a reinforcing member is incorporated between them, and a vacuum is formed between both side plates. Even if such a vacuum heat insulation panel can secure the cold insulation performance, the weight is considerably increased. Therefore, even if it can be applied to general vehicles, railways, and ships, it cannot be applied to air transportation containers that require severe weight reduction.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an air-cooled cold storage container having improved cold storage performance while realizing weight reduction.

In order to achieve the above object, the air-cooled container for air transportation according to the present invention has a panel constituting a container housing,
A heat insulating material in a mat shape is sealed with a film member sandwiched from both sides, and a vacuum heat insulating mat in which the sealed space is vacuum depressurized,
A sheet of foam insulation material sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat from both sides;
A lightweight metal plate sandwiching the foam insulation board from both sides;
The gist of the present invention is that it is configured.

  The cold storage container for air transportation of the present invention comprises a container housing by a panel which is reinforced by sandwiching a lightweight and heat-insulating vacuum insulation mat from both sides with a plate of foam insulation, and further sandwiching it from both sides with a lightweight metal plate doing. For this reason, it was possible to form a container having better cooling efficiency than the conventional cold storage container for air transportation using a heat insulating material made of urethane. Thereby, the amount of dry ice to be charged can be reduced even if it is necessary to cool at the same temperature and for the same time as before. Furthermore, the effect that the burden on the worker can be reduced is born. Moreover, the vacuum heat insulating mat which is easily damaged is sandwiched and protected from both sides by a foam insulating material plate and a lightweight metal plate. Durability can also be secured.

In the present invention,
The foam insulation plate sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat from both sides is larger than the vacuum insulation mat,
In the case of having a protection bar for the foam insulation material that supports the both foam insulation materials around the vacuum insulation mat,
The periphery of the vacuum heat-insulating mat is protected by the protection bar of the foam heat insulating material. Further durability can be secured.

In the present invention, when a plurality of the vacuum insulation mats are arranged side by side,
By arranging the vacuum heat insulating mats side by side, the heat insulating panel can be increased in area and a large container can be made.

In the present invention, when the film member is configured by laminating a resin film and an aluminum foil,
Further heat insulation performance is secured by the heat reflection effect of the aluminum foil. The amount of dry ice to be added can be further reduced. The burden on workers can be further reduced.

In the present invention, when an adhesive layer is interposed between the both foam insulation board and the foam insulation protective bar,
The constructed panel becomes strong against external stress such as torsion. Further durability can be secured.

It is a figure which shows 1st Embodiment of the cold storage container for air transportation of this invention, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is a figure which shows the panel which comprises the cold storage container for air transportation of the said 1st Embodiment, (A) is a perspective view, (B) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view. It is sectional drawing which shows the corner | angular part of the container housing | casing of the cold storage container for air transportation of the said 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows an example of the said panel, (A) is a longitudinal cross-sectional view, (B) is sectional drawing which shows an example of a film member. It is a model based on which the heat transmissibility is calculated, (A) is a conventional product, and (B) is an embodiment.

  Next, an embodiment for carrying out the present invention will be described.

  1 to 4 show a first embodiment of a cold storage container for air transportation to which the present invention is applied.

  In this cold storage container for air transportation, a panel 2 constituting a container housing 1 has a vacuum insulation mat 3, a foam insulation board 4 sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat 3 from both sides, and a foam insulation board 4 on both sides. And a lightweight metal plate 5 sandwiched between them.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, in this example, the container housing 1 is formed in a heptahedron in a state where a lower portion on one side of the hexahedron is cut off obliquely. That is, it is configured by combining seven panels 2.

  As shown in FIG. 1B, in this example, the container housing 1 includes a double-layer heat insulation box 23 and an ice box 20. For example, dry ice is introduced into the inner ice box 20 as a refrigerant. A cold air flow path 26 is formed between the outer heat insulation box 23 and the inner ice box 20. The heat insulation box 23 is provided with a fan 22 for taking gas from the cargo storage space 27 into the cold air flow path 26. Further, the heat insulation box 23 is provided with a cold air outlet 21 through which the cold air taken into the cold air flow path 26 and cooled is blown into the accommodation space 27. On the side surface of the container housing 1 to which the ice box 20 is attached, a charging port 24 for charging dry ice into the ice box 20 is formed. The inlet 24 is covered with a lid 25 that can be opened and closed.

  In the ice box 20, dry ice is charged as a cooling medium. By operating the fan 22, the gas in the accommodation space 27 is taken into the cold air flow path 26. The gas taken into the cold air flow path 26 is cooled by the dry ice in the ice box 20. The cooled gas is ejected from the cold air outlet 21 to the accommodation space 27. Thereby, the inside of the accommodation space 27 is kept at a predetermined low temperature.

  As described above, in this example, the container housing 1 is formed in a heptahedron box shape by combining seven panels 2.

  As shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the panel 2 includes a vacuum heat insulating mat 3, a foam heat insulating material plate 4 sandwiching the vacuum heat insulating mat 3 from both surfaces, and the foam heat insulating material plate 4 on both surfaces. And a lightweight metal plate 5 sandwiched between them.

  In this example, the foam insulation plate 4 sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat 3 from both sides is larger than the vacuum insulation mat 3. A foam heat insulating material protection bar 6 for supporting the both foam heat insulating material plates 4 is provided around the vacuum heat insulating mat 3.

  In this example, a plurality (two in the illustrated example) of the vacuum heat insulating mats 3 are arranged side by side.

  More specifically, the vacuum heat insulating mat 3 is a heat insulating mat formed in a rectangular mat shape having a predetermined thickness. In this example, two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 are arranged side by side and used for one panel 2.

  A sandwich structure in which two vacuum heat-insulating mats 3 are sandwiched between two foam insulating plates 4 from both sides thereof is employed. The foam insulation board 4 is rectangular. The rectangular foam heat insulating material plate 4 is formed to have a size larger than that of the two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 arranged side by side.

  In the peripheral part of the two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 arranged side by side, a protection bar 6 of foam heat insulating material for supporting the both foam heat insulating material plates 4 is arranged. In this example, the protection bars 6 are arranged on the left and right and front and rear sides of the two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 arranged side by side. Four protection bars 6 are arranged per one panel 2.

  The protection bar 6 is formed by forming a foam heat insulating material having a predetermined thickness into an elongated rectangular shape. The thickness of the protection bar 6 is set to be substantially the same as the thickness of the vacuum heat insulating mat 3.

  With such a sandwich structure, the two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 are each surrounded by the foam heat insulating material on the front surface, the back surface, and the front, back, left, and right side surfaces.

  The two vacuum heat insulating mats 3 are surrounded by the protective bar 6 and the front and back surfaces are sandwiched between both foam heat insulating plates 4. This sandwich-like laminate is further sandwiched by light metal plates 5 from both sides.

  The light metal plate 5 is formed in a quadrangle having substantially the same size and shape as the plate 4 of foam heat insulating material.

  An adhesive layer 8 is interposed between the foam insulation board 4 and the foam insulation protection bar 6.

  In this example, two vacuum heat-insulating mats 3 are surrounded by the protection bar 6 and an adhesive layer 8 is formed on each of the front and back surfaces. The foam insulating board 4 is bonded to the front and back surfaces via the adhesive layer 8.

  Further, a lightweight metal plate 5 is bonded to each of the foamed heat insulating material plates 4 bonded to the front and back surfaces via an adhesive layer 8.

  Thus, the vacuum insulation mat 3 in which two panels 1 are arranged side by side is surrounded by the protection bar 6. The foam insulation board 4 is bonded to the front and back surfaces via an adhesive layer 8. Further, a lightweight metal plate 5 is bonded to the front and back surfaces via an adhesive layer 8.

  The container housing 1 of the present embodiment is formed by combining the panels 2 having the above configuration in a box shape.

  FIG. 3 shows a corner portion where two panels 2 are abutted so as to be L-shaped. A notch 30 is formed on the end surface of one panel 2. Another panel 2 is combined with the notch 30 to butt the two panels 2 in an L shape. The inner cover member 29 is attached to the inside of this portion, and the outer cover member 28 is attached to the outside.

  For example, polystyrene foam, urethane foam, phenol foam, or the like can be used as the foam heat insulating material constituting the protection bar 6 and the plate 4.

  A light metal is used as the metal material constituting the lightweight metal plate 5. The light metal is a relatively light metal having a specific gravity of 4 to 5 or less. Specifically, aluminum, magnesium, or an alloy thereof can be used.

  The adhesive which comprises the said adhesive bond layer 8 is not specifically limited, Various things can be used. For example, a urethane adhesive, an epoxy adhesive, or the like can be applied.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the vacuum heat insulating mat 3 in detail.

  FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the vacuum heat insulating mat 3. The heat insulating material 11 made into the mat shape is pinched | interposed with the film member 12 from both surfaces, and the periphery of the heat insulating material 11 is sealed. For sealing, a technique such as heat sealing can be used. The sealed space 13 is depressurized in vacuum.

  The heat insulating material 11 can be a fiber heat insulating material or a foam heat insulating material. As the fiber-based heat insulating material, for example, glass wool, rock wool, cellulose fiber, carbonized cork, wool heat insulating material, or the like can be used. For example, polystyrene foam, urethane foam, phenol foam, or the like can be used as the foam insulation. Preferably, a fiber-based heat insulating material laminated in a mat shape can be used. Particularly preferably, glass wool laminated in a mat shape can be used.

  The film member 12 can be a resin film. The resin film can employ a material having excellent gas barrier properties and pinhole resistance. For example, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, and the like can be given. These can be used as a single layer film, or can be used as a laminate film in which a plurality of types are laminated.

  In this example, the film member 12 is configured by laminating a resin film 15 and an aluminum foil 16.

  FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the film member 12. In this example, it is a three-layer laminate structure in which an aluminum foil 16 is sandwiched between two front and back resin films 15.

  Next, a specific example will be described.

  As the said vacuum heat insulation panel 3, the thing made from LG Hausys company was used. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat insulating material 11 made of glass wool is sandwiched between the film members 12. The degree of vacuum of the sealed space 13 is reduced to 4 Pa or less. The thickness is 16 mm. The film member 12 is laminated by sandwiching an aluminum foil 16 between resin films 15 made of polyethylene terephthalate (PET).

  A total of seven container panels of the shape and size required for air containers were created. These were assembled in a box shape to produce a cold container for air transportation. In addition, regarding the connection between panels, after making the notch part 30 and joining, it fixed with the rail-shaped inner cover member 29 in the container inner part, and attached the rail-shaped outer cover member 28 in the container outer part. .

  The thermal conductivity of the hard urethane foam heat insulating material is 0.022 (W / m · k), whereas the thermal conductivity of the panel of this embodiment is 0.002 (W / m · k). .

  According to this embodiment, there exist the following effects.

  That is, the air-cooled cold storage container of this embodiment is a container housing that is reinforced by sandwiching a lightweight and highly heat-insulating vacuum heat-insulating mat from both sides with a plate of foam heat insulating material and further sandwiching it from both sides with a lightweight metal plate. Make up body. For this reason, it was possible to form a container having better cooling efficiency than the conventional cold storage container for air transportation using a heat insulating material made of urethane. Thereby, the amount of dry ice to be charged can be reduced even if it is necessary to cool at the same temperature and for the same time as before. Furthermore, the effect that the burden on the worker can be reduced is born. Moreover, the vacuum heat insulating mat which is easily damaged is sandwiched and protected from both sides by a foam insulating material plate and a lightweight metal plate. Durability can also be secured.

Further, the foam insulation plate sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat from both sides is larger than the vacuum insulation mat,
Since it includes a protective foam 6 for foam insulation material that supports the both foam insulation materials around the vacuum insulation mat,
The periphery of the vacuum heat-insulating mat is protected by the protective barrier 6 made of the foam heat insulating material. Further durability can be secured.

In addition, since a plurality of the above vacuum insulation mats are arranged side by side,
By arranging the vacuum heat insulating mats side by side, the heat insulating panel can be increased in area and a large container can be made.

Moreover, since the said film member is comprised by laminating a resin film and aluminum foil,
Further heat insulation performance is secured by the heat reflection effect of the aluminum foil. The amount of dry ice to be added can be further reduced. The burden on workers can be further reduced.

In addition, since an adhesive layer is interposed between the both foam insulation board and the protective foam 6 of the foam insulation,
The constructed panel becomes strong against external stress such as torsion. Further durability can be secured.

[Comparison of heat transmissibility]
Next, the heat transmissivity of the panel which comprises a container is compared about embodiment and a conventional product.

  Thermal throughflow refers to heat transfer that occurs between two fluids when the two fluids with different temperatures are separated by a solid wall. The heat transmissivity is the rate at which heat moves per unit area, and the smaller the heat transfer efficiency, the better the cold insulation efficiency.

  First, the heat transmissibility of the conventional product was examined.

FIG. 5A shows a model on which the study was based. A panel composed only of polystyrene foam was assumed. The numerical values used as calculation conditions are as follows.
Polystyrene foam area ratio: 100%
Panel thickness: L = 0.056 (m)
Thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam: λ = 0.024 (W / (m · K))

The heat transmissibility was calculated by the following formula.
Thermal conductivity (W / (m ² · K)) = 1 / (L / λ)

The heat transmissivity calculated by this was 0.429 (W / (m ² · K)).

  Next, the heat transmissibility of the embodiment was examined.

FIG. 5B is a model on which the study is based. A panel having a sandwich structure part in which a vacuum insulating mat is sandwiched between polystyrene foams and a protection bar part made of only polystyrene foam is assumed. The numerical values used as calculation conditions are as follows.
Sandwich structure area ratio: 78%
Polystyrene foam area ratio: 22%
Panel thickness: L4 = 0.056 (m)
Vacuum insulation mat thickness: L1 = 0.016 (m)
Sandwich plate thickness: L2 = 0.020 (m)
Sandwich plate thickness: L3 = 0.020 (m)
Thermal conductivity of the vacuum heat insulating mat: λ1 = 0.0041 (W / (m · K))
Thermal conductivity of polystyrene foam: λ2 = 0.024 (W / (m · K))

The heat transmissibility was calculated by the following formula.
Thermal conductivity (W / (m ² · K)) = {1 / (L2 / 0.78λ2 + L1 / 0.78λ1 + L3 / 0.78λ2)} + {1 / (L4 / 0.22λ2)}

The heat transmissivity calculated by this was 0.234 (W / (m ² · K)).

As described above, it can be seen that the panel of the embodiment has a smaller heat transmissibility than the conventional panel, and the cooling efficiency is much better.

1: Container housing 2: Panel 3: Vacuum insulation mat 4: Foam insulation plate 5: Light metal plate 6: Foam insulation protection bar 8: Adhesive layer 11: Insulation material 12: Film member 13: Sealing Space 15: resin film 16: aluminum foil 20: ice box 21: cold air outlet 22: fan 23: heat insulation box 24: inlet 25: lid 26: cold air flow path 27: accommodation space 28: outer cover member 29: inner side Cover member 30: notch

Claims (5)

The panels that make up the container housing
A heat insulating material in a mat shape is sealed with a film member sandwiched from both sides, and a vacuum heat insulating mat in which the sealed space is vacuum depressurized,
A sheet of foam insulation material sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat from both sides;
A lightweight metal plate sandwiching the foam insulation board from both sides;
A cold storage container for air transportation, characterized by comprising: The foam insulation plate sandwiching the vacuum insulation mat from both sides is larger than the vacuum insulation mat,
The cold insulation container for air transportation according to claim 1, further comprising a protection bar for foam heat insulating material that supports the plates of both foam heat insulating materials around the vacuum heat insulating mat. The cold storage container for air transportation according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the vacuum insulation mats are arranged side by side.   The cold storage container for air transportation according to claim 1, wherein the film member is configured by laminating a resin film and an aluminum foil.   4. An air-cooled cold storage container according to claim 2 or 3, wherein an adhesive layer is interposed between said foam insulation board and said protective foam protection bar.

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