JP2014190507A - Negative rigid damper - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a negative rigid damper capable of exhibiting both functions of negative rigidity and frictional damping by one device, capable of extending a base isolation period, increasing a damping effect of a base isolation structure by frictional damping, and having a trigger function with a simple constitution.SOLUTION: A negative rigid damper includes: an upper member 5 which can be attached to one of a pair of members and has a concave groove 5a opened downward; a lower member 4 which can be attached to the other member, and has a convex upper surface 4b having a curvature smaller than that of the concave groove of the upper member, and is formed in a semicylinder shape; a sliding member 7 which has a convex upper surface 7a having a curvature which is the same as that of the concave groove of the upper member, and a concave lower surface 7b having a curvature which is the same as that of the convex upper surface of the lower member; and energizing means (coil springs) 13 and 14 which energize the sliding member to the upper surface of the lower member. In the state that the concave lower surface of the sliding member is energized to the convex upper surface of the lower member, the sliding member slides on the convex upper surface of the lower member while the sliding member is rotated between the concave groove of the upper member and the convex upper surface of the lower member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a negative stiffness damper that causes sliding in a direction in which gravity acts (vertical direction) and has both negative stiffness and friction damping in the relationship between horizontal force and horizontal displacement.

  In earthquake-resistant design of apartment buildings such as apartment buildings, office buildings, detached houses, and structures such as bridges, some of the response values of the structure and its surroundings by dynamic input such as earthquake, wind or traffic vibration Such a method is adopted in which the vibration energy is reduced by a vibration energy absorbing device and controlled within a certain limit value. Among them, the most promising method is to attach a vibration energy absorbing device inside or / and outside the structure and reduce the vibration response of the structure excited by a dynamic input such as an earthquake by the vibration energy absorbing device. It is one of the means.

  The conventional damper used as the vibration energy absorbing device has several devices having excellent energy absorption characteristics, and each has its own characteristics. For example, when an oil damper, which is a viscous system, is taken as an example, when damping is added to the rigidity of a structure, this damper is assumed to be a damping constant by roughly assuming a damping force proportional to the vibration speed. Can set the performance.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 describes a negative that can adjust the magnitude of the stress generated in the structural member, increase the damping effect of the seismic control building, or increase the insulation effect of the seismic external force in the seismic isolation building. A rigid device is disclosed.

  Furthermore, Patent Document 2 does not require a particularly large rigidity of a structure that receives a resistance force, or a base-isolated structure that receives a resistance force and a restoring force of a return means, and has a large occupied space. There is disclosed a vibration energy absorbing device and the like that can be configured in a small size.

  This vibration energy absorbing device includes a movable piston that divides the inside of a cylindrical cylinder that contains a liquid into two chambers, communication means that communicates the two chambers via a variable orifice, and a relative movement direction of the piston with respect to the cylindrical cylinder. And a selection / determination means for determining the orifice diameter based on the relative movement position of the piston with respect to the cylindrical cylinder.

JP 2003-287079 A JP 2004-301306 A

  However, the oil damper used as the vibration energy absorbing device can set the performance in the form of a damping constant by roughly assuming a damping force proportional to the vibration speed. The horizontal force for the hysteresis damping of the oil damper is added to the horizontal force obtained from the displacement amount, and the horizontal force generated in the structure may exceed the proof strength of the structure.

  In other words, the addition of a damper provides seismic isolation and vibration control effects, but the addition of a damper results in an apparent increase in rigidity, resulting in a greater load on the structure where the damper is installed. There is a risk of giving. Therefore, there is a problem that the damper gives a load to the structure that exceeds the rigidity of the structure.

  On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a negative rigidity device that imparts negative rigidity to a structure, and this negative rigidity device functions to adjust the rigidity of the structure when used as a seismic isolation structure. However, there is a need for another device having at least a damping function. Furthermore, since this negative rigid device is easy to roll in the case of a roller material and is easy to slide because of a line contact in the case of a movable member, there is a possibility that the upright position cannot be stably maintained. Since this is nothing but operating with a small input, it guarantees good responsiveness, but on the other hand, the installation center position of the device easily moves with a small input, Ingenuity is required.

  That is, the negative rigid device disclosed in Patent Document 1 does not cause unnecessary vibrations as a seismic isolation structure when a small earthquake occurs or when the input is relatively small due to temperature change, wind, or the like. In addition, when the negative rigid device is used, the device having the restoring force (origin return capability) and / or the energy absorbing device provided separately has the trigger function. It was necessary to let

  Further, the vibration energy absorbing device having negative stiffness described in Patent Document 2 has an advantage that the overall stiffness is not particularly increased when used for a seismic isolation structure. It has the effect of extending the cycle and enhancing the seismic isolation effect. On the other hand, the structure itself was complicated.

  Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the prior art, and with a simple configuration, both functions of negative rigidity and friction damping can be achieved with a single device. The negative rigidity prevents excessive input to the structure or adjusts the acting stress, and it is not necessary to particularly increase the restoring force of a device having a restoring force (for example, a laminated rubber body) An object of the present invention is to provide a negative stiffness damper that can extend the base isolation period of the base isolation structure, increase the damping effect of the base isolation structure by the friction damping, and can also provide a trigger function. To do.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is a negative rigidity damper, which can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and has an upper member having a concave curved groove that opens downward, A lower member that can be attached to the other member of the pair of members that are relatively displaced from each other, has a convex curved upper surface having a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the upper member, and is formed in a kamaboko shape, A sliding member having a convex curved upper surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the upper member, and a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the lower member, and the sliding member Urging means for urging the upper surface of the lower member, and the sliding member is slid in a state where the concave curved lower surface of the sliding member is urged to the convex curved upper surface of the lower member. The convex curve of the lower member while the member rotates between the concave curved groove of the upper member By sliding the Jo surface, characterized in that the can and having a negative stiffness, obtaining a frictional damping.

  When the negative rigid damper according to the present invention is interposed in a beam or the like of a building structure, and a force is applied to the negative rigid damper in a direction that causes the mounting parts to contact or separate from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the concave portion of the sliding member With the curved lower surface urged by the convex upper surface of the lower member, the sliding member slides on the convex curved upper surface of the lower member while rotating with the concave curved groove of the upper member. By doing so, it is possible to obtain negative damping and frictional damping, and to exhibit both the negative stiffness and frictional damping functions with a single device.

  The negative rigid damper is configured to be attachable to one member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and includes an inner surface of a housing that houses the upper member and the lower member, and a lower surface of the lower member Can be configured to slide or roll relative to each other. When the inner surface of the housing and the lower surface of the lower member are slid relative to each other, even greater frictional damping is achieved. Can be obtained.

  Further, the present invention is a negative rigid damper, which can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are relatively displaced with each other, and a lower member having a concave curved groove that opens upward, and the relative relative to each other. The upper member can be attached to the other member of the pair of members to be displaced, has a convex curved lower surface having a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the lower member, and is formed in a kamaboko shape, and the concave of the lower member A sliding member having a convex curved lower surface having the same curvature as the curved groove, and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the upper member, and the sliding member of the upper member An urging means for urging the lower surface, and the sliding member is urged toward the lower curved surface of the upper member by the concave curved upper surface of the sliding member. Sliding on the convex curved lower surface of the upper member while rotating between the concave curved grooves It makes wherein the can and having a negative stiffness, obtaining a frictional damping.

  When the negative rigid damper according to the present invention is interposed in a beam or the like of a building structure, and a force is applied to the negative rigid damper in a direction that causes the mounting parts to contact and separate from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the concave curved surface shape of the sliding member The sliding member slides on the convex curved lower surface of the upper member while rotating with the concave curved groove of the lower member while the upper surface is urged by the convex curved lower surface of the upper member. Thus, it is possible to obtain negative damping and friction damping, and to exhibit both functions of negative stiffness and friction damping with a single device.

  The negative rigid damper is configured to be attachable to one member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and an inner surface of a housing that houses the upper member and the lower member, and an upper surface of the upper member It can be configured to slide or roll relative to each other. When the inner surface of the housing and the upper surface of the upper member are slid relative to each other, even greater frictional damping can be obtained. Can do.

  Further, the present invention is a negative rigid damper, which can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are relatively displaced with each other, and has a lower member having a concave curved groove opening upward, and the one member A convex member that can be attached to the upper member having a concave curved groove that opens downward and the other member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other and has a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the lower member. An intermediate member having a curved lower surface, a convex curved upper surface having a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the upper member, and a convex curved lower surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the lower member A first sliding member having a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member, and a convex curved upper surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the upper member, Concave curvature with the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member A second sliding member having a lower surface, first biasing means for biasing the first sliding member to the lower surface of the intermediate member, and the second sliding member on the upper surface of the intermediate member A second urging means for urging, wherein the concave curved upper surface of the first sliding member is urged to the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member, and the second sliding While the concave curved lower surface of the member is biased to the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member, the first sliding member rotates between the concave curved groove of the lower member and the intermediate While sliding on the convex curved lower surface of the member, the second sliding member slides on the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member while rotating between the concave curved groove of the upper member. Thus, it is characterized in that it has negative rigidity and frictional damping can be obtained.

  When the negative rigid damper according to the present invention is interposed in a beam or the like of a building structure, and a force is applied to the negative rigid damper in a direction that causes the attachment parts to contact or separate from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the first sliding member is lowered. While sliding between the concave curved groove of the member and sliding on the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member, the second sliding member rotates between the concave curved groove of the upper member and rotating the intermediate member. By sliding on the upper surface of the convex curved surface, it is possible to obtain negative damping and frictional attenuation, and to exhibit both the negative rigidity and frictional damping functions with a single device.

  Further, the present invention is a negative rigidity damper that can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and can be attached to the lower member having a convex curved upper surface and the one member. A concave curved surface that can be attached to the other member of the upper member having a convex curved lower surface and the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and has a lower curvature on the lower surface than the convex curved upper surface of the lower member An intermediate member having a groove and a concave curved groove having a larger curvature on the upper surface than the convex curved lower surface of the upper member; and a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the lower member A first sliding member having a convex curved upper surface with the same curvature as the concave curved groove on the lower surface of the intermediate member, and a concave curved upper surface with the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the upper member, Convex with the same curvature as the concave curved groove on the upper surface of the intermediate member A second sliding member having a planar lower surface; first urging means for urging the lower member toward the first sliding member; and second urging the upper member toward the second sliding member. And a convex curved upper surface of the lower member is urged by a concave curved lower surface of the first sliding member, and the convex curved lower surface of the upper member is The convex curved surface of the lower member while the first sliding member rotates with the concave curved groove on the lower surface of the intermediate member in a state of being biased to the concave curved upper surface of the second sliding member Sliding the upper surface of the upper member, and sliding the lower surface of the upper curved surface of the upper member while the second sliding member rotates with the concave curved groove on the upper surface of the intermediate member, It is characterized by having negative rigidity and being able to obtain friction damping.

  When the negative rigid damper according to the present invention is interposed in a beam or the like of a building structure, and a force is applied to the negative rigid damper in a direction in which the mounting parts are brought into contact with or separated from each other by an earthquake or the like, the first sliding member is in the middle While sliding between the concave curved groove on the lower surface of the member and sliding on the convex curved upper surface of the lower member, the second sliding member rotates between the concave curved groove on the upper surface of the intermediate member. While sliding on the lower surface of the convex curved surface of the upper member, it has negative rigidity and can obtain friction damping, and it exhibits both functions of negative rigidity and friction damping with one device. Can do.

  As described above, according to the present invention, with a simple configuration, both functions of negative rigidity and friction damping can be achieved with a single device, the seismic isolation structure can be extended, and the friction can be reduced. The damping effect of the seismic isolation structure can be increased by damping, and a negative rigid damper having a trigger function can be provided.

It is the schematic which shows 1st Embodiment of the negative-rigid damper which concerns on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a partially broken front view, (b) is a side view. It is the schematic which shows 2nd Embodiment of the negative-rigid damper which concerns on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a partially broken front view, (b) is a side view. It is the schematic which shows 3rd Embodiment of the negative-rigid damper which concerns on this invention, Comprising: (a) is a partially broken front view, (b) is a side view. It is a partially broken front view which shows 4th Embodiment of the negative-rigid damper which concerns on this invention. It is a partially broken front view which shows 5th Embodiment of the negative rigid damper which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the test result of the negative rigidity damper concerning the present invention.

  Next, embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a negative rigid damper according to the present invention. The negative rigid damper 1 includes a casing 2, a lower member 4 and an upper member 5 accommodated in the casing 2, and a lower member. The sliding member 7 interposed between the upper member 5 and the upper member 5, the friction plate 8 fixed to the bottom surface of the housing 2, and the sliding member 7 are attached to the convex curved upper surface 4 b of the lower member 4. For this purpose, the coil springs 13 and 14 are interposed between the upper member 5 and the spring mounting plate 9.

  The housing 2 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the clevis 3 is fixed to the left side surface, and the connecting rod 10 of the clevis 6 passes through the right side surface. Further, the screw rods 11 and 12 penetrate the top plate 2a and the bottom plate 2b of the housing 2.

  The clevis (attachment portion) 3 is formed in a plate shape having a through hole 3a and is attached to one member (not shown) of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other. The clevis 6 has a through hole 6a. It is formed in a plate shape and attached to another member (not shown), and the function of the negative rigidity damper 1 is exhibited when the clevises 3 and 6 are displaced relative to each other.

  In the lower member 4, a main body 4 a located immediately above the friction plate 8 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape having a convex curved upper surface 4 b, and a lower surface 4 c slides on the upper surface of the friction plate 8. The standing plate 4 d of the lower member 4 is erected from the right end portion of the main body 4 a and is connected to the clevis 6 through the connecting rod 10.

  The upper member 5 includes a concave curved groove 5a that opens downward, is formed in a rectangular shape in plan view, and the screw rod 11 and the screw rod 12 pass through the upper member 5. The curvature of the concave curved groove 5 a of the upper member 5 is larger than the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 4 b of the lower member 4.

  The sliding member 7 includes a convex curved upper surface 7a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 5a of the upper member 5, and a concave curved lower surface 7b having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4. And is interposed between a convex curved upper surface 4 b of the lower member 4 and a concave curved groove 5 a of the upper member 5.

  The screw rods 11 and 12 penetrate the top plate 2a and bottom plate 2b of the housing 2 and the spring mounting plate 9 and the upper member 5 in the vertical direction, and are fixed to the housing 2 with nuts 15 to 18. A spring mounting plate 9 having a rectangular shape in plan view is screwed onto and fixed to the screw rods 11 and 12 via the positioning collars 19 and 20 at the upper portion present inside the housing 2 of the screw rods 11 and 12. Coil springs 13 and 14 are mounted between the plate 9 and the upper member 5.

  The negative rigid damper 1 having the above configuration is attached to a beam or brace of a building structure via clevises 3 and 6.

  Next, the operation of the negative rigid damper 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  When a force F is applied to the negative rigid damper 1 interposed in the beam of the building structure in the direction of separating the clevises 3 and 6 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the convex curved upper surface 7a of the sliding member 7 is The concave curved lower surface 7b of the sliding member 7 is biased to the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4 while being biased by the coil springs 13 and 14 into the concave curved groove 5a of the upper member 5. In this state, the sliding member 7 slides on the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4 in the lower left direction while rotating between the concave curved groove 5a of the upper member 5.

  When the sliding member 7 slides the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4 in the lower left direction, when a force F is applied in a direction to separate the clevis 3, 6 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the clevis 3, A large reaction force is generated in a direction in which the 6s are separated from each other, and so-called negative rigidity can be obtained. In addition, friction damping can be obtained by friction between the concave curved lower surface 7b of the sliding member 7 and the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4, and the clevises 3 and 6 are separated from each other. Thus, friction damping can be obtained even between the lower surface 4 c of the lower member 4 and the upper surface of the friction plate 8.

  In the above description of the operation, the case where the force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 3 and 6 from each other due to an earthquake or the like has been described. While the sliding member 7 rotates between the concave curved groove 5a of the upper member 5, the convex curved upper surface 4b of the lower member 4 slides in the lower right direction, and negative rigidity can be obtained. .

  Moreover, since the sliding member 7 does not start sliding unless the force exceeding the static frictional force of the sliding member 7 acts, a trigger function can also be provided.

  Furthermore, the rigidity of the negative rigidity damper 1 can be changed by changing the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 4 b of the lower member 4 or changing the spring constants of the coil springs 13 and 14.

  In the above embodiment, the friction plate 8 is attached below the lower member 4, and frictional damping is obtained between the lower member 4 and the friction plate 8, but instead of the friction plate 8, a roller or the like is attached, The lower member 4 may be rolled on the bottom surface of the housing 2 so that the friction between the lower member 4 and the housing 2 is not attenuated.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the upper member 5 which has the concave curved-surface-shaped groove | channel 5a opened below and the lower member 4 provided with the main body 4a formed in the upper convex shape in the shape of a semi-cylindrical shape are combined, The upper member is inverted in the vertical direction, the upper member is formed in a convex shape with a lower convex shape, a concave curved groove that opens upward is provided in the lower member, and the sliding member is configured to slide between these, The same effects as described above can be achieved.

  Next, a second embodiment of the negative rigidity damper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The negative stiffness damper 21 includes a housing 22, a lower member 24, an upper member 25, a first intermediate member 27 and a second intermediate member 28, and a lower member 24 and a first intermediate member 27 housed in the housing 22. The first sliding member 30 interposed between the upper member 25 and the second intermediate member 28, the second sliding member 31 interposed between the upper member 25 and the second intermediate member 28, and the bottom surface and the ceiling surface of the housing 22 are fixed. In order to bias the friction plates 33 and 34, the first sliding member 30 and the second sliding member 31 to the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24 and the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25, respectively. Coil springs 41 and 42 and coil springs 39 and 40 interposed between the spring mounting plate 36 and the bottom plate 22b of the housing 22 and between the spring mounting plate 37 and the top plate 22a of the housing 22. Composed.

  The housing 22 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the clevis 23 is fixed to the left side surface, and the connecting rod 38 of the clevis 29 penetrates the right side surface. Further, the screw rods 43 to 46 penetrate the top plate 22a and the bottom plate 22b of the housing 22.

  The clevis 23 is formed in a plate shape having a through hole 23a and is attached to one member (not shown) of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other. The clevis 29 has a through hole 29a and is a plate When the clevises 23 and 29 are displaced relative to each other, the function of the negative rigidity damper 21 is exhibited.

  The lower member 24 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape in which a main body 24 a located immediately above the friction plate 33 has a convex curved upper surface 24 b, and a lower surface 24 c slides on the upper surface of the friction plate 33.

  The upper member 25 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape in which a main body 25 a located immediately below the friction plate 34 has a convex curved lower surface 25 b, and an upper surface 25 c slides on the lower surface of the friction plate 34.

  The lower member 24 and the upper member 25 are integrally connected to each other at the right end portion by a connecting plate 26, and the lower member 24 and the upper member 25 move in conjunction with the connecting rod 38 and the clevis 29 via the connecting plate 26. .

  The first intermediate member 27 is formed in a plate shape having a rectangular shape when viewed from above, and includes a ridge 27b having a concave curved groove 27a formed on the lower surface. The curvature of the concave curved groove 27 a is larger than the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 24 b of the lower member 24.

  The second intermediate member 28 is formed in a plate shape having a rectangular shape when viewed from above, and includes a ridge 28b in which a concave curved groove 28a is formed on the upper surface. The curvature of the concave curved groove 28 a is larger than the curvature of the convex curved lower surface 25 b of the upper member 25.

  The first sliding member 30 has a convex curved upper surface 30a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 27a of the first intermediate member 27 and a concave curved surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24. It is formed in a rod shape having a lower surface 30 b and is interposed between the convex curved upper surface 24 b of the lower member 24 and the concave curved groove 27 a of the first intermediate member 27.

  The second sliding member 31 has a convex curved lower surface 31a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 28a of the second intermediate member 28, and a concave curved surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25. It is formed in a rod shape having an upper surface 31 b and is interposed between the convex curved lower surface 25 b of the upper member 25 and the concave curved groove 28 a of the second intermediate member 28.

  The screw rods 43 and 44 penetrate the spring mounting plate 37 having a rectangular shape in plan view, the top plate 22a of the housing 22 and the second intermediate member 28 in the vertical direction. Coil springs 39 and 40 are mounted between the spring mounting plate 37 and the top plate 22 a of the housing 22. Nuts 47 and 48 are attached to both ends of the screw rods 43 and 44.

  The screw rods 45 and 46 penetrate the spring mounting plate 36 having a rectangular shape in plan view, the bottom plate 22b of the housing 22 and the first intermediate member 27 in the vertical direction. Coil springs 41 and 42 are mounted between the spring mounting plate 36 and the bottom plate 22 b of the housing 22. Nuts 49 and 50 are attached to both ends of the screw rods 45 and 46.

  The negative rigid damper 21 having the above configuration is attached to a beam, brace, or the like of a building structure via clevises 23 and 29.

  Next, the operation of the negative rigidity damper 21 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  When a force F is applied to the negative rigid damper 21 interposed in the beam of the building structure in the direction of separating the clevises 23 and 29 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the first intermediate member 27 is moved to the first sliding member 30. In addition, the first sliding member 30 rotates between the concave curved groove 27a of the first intermediate member 27 in a state where the first sliding member 30 is urged by the coil springs 41 and 42 to the lower member 24. Meanwhile, the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24 is slid in the lower left direction.

  Similarly, in the state where the second intermediate member 28 is biased by the second sliding member 31 and the second sliding member 31 is biased by the coil springs 39 and 40 on the upper member 25, the second sliding member 31 is 2. While rotating between the concave curved groove 28a of the intermediate member 28, the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25 is slid in the upper left direction.

  The first sliding member 30 slides on the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24 in the lower left direction, and the second sliding member 31 slides on the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25 in the upper left direction. Thus, when a force F is applied in the direction in which the clevises 23 and 29 are separated from each other due to an earthquake or the like, a larger reaction force is generated in the direction in which the clevises 23 and 29 are separated from each other, thereby obtaining negative rigidity. it can. In addition, between the concave curved lower surface 30 b of the first sliding member 30 and the convex curved upper surface 24 b of the lower member 24, and the concave curved upper surface 31 b and the upper member 25 of the second sliding member 31. Friction between the lower surface 25b of the lower member 24 and the upper surface of the friction plate 33 can be obtained by friction between the lower surface 25b of the convex curved surface and the clevises 23 and 29 being separated from each other. Also, friction damping can be obtained between the upper surface 25 c of the upper member 25 and the lower surface of the friction plate 34.

  In the above description of the operation, the case where the force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 23 and 29 from each other due to an earthquake or the like has been described, but when the force F is applied in the direction of bringing the clevises 23 and 29 close to each other. The first sliding member 30 slides on the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24 in the lower right direction, and the second sliding member 31 slides on the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25 in the upper right direction. By doing so, negative rigidity can be obtained.

  Moreover, since both the sliding members 30 and 31 do not start sliding unless the force exceeding the static frictional force of the 1st sliding member 30 and the 2nd sliding member 31 acts, a trigger function can also be provided.

  Furthermore, the negative rigid damper is obtained by changing the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 24b of the lower member 24, the curvature of the convex curved lower surface 25b of the upper member 25, or changing the spring constant of the coil springs 39 to 42. The rigidity of 21 can be changed.

  In the above embodiment, the friction plate 33 is attached below the lower member 24, the friction plate 34 is attached above the upper member 25, the friction between the lower member 24 and the friction plate 33, and the friction with the upper member 25. Friction damping was obtained with the plate 34, but instead of the friction plates 33 and 34, rollers or the like were attached, the lower member 24 and the upper member 25 were rolled on the inner surface of the housing 22, and the lower member 24 and the upper member It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which friction is not attenuated between 25 and the housing 22.

  Next, a third embodiment of the negative rigidity damper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The negative rigidity damper 51 includes a housing 52, a lower member 54, an upper member 55, a first intermediate member 57 and a second intermediate member 58 accommodated in the housing 52, a lower member 54 and a first intermediate member 57. The first sliding member 60 interposed between the upper member 55 and the second intermediate member 58, and the second sliding member 61 interposed between the upper member 55 and the second intermediate member 58 are fixed to the bottom surface and the ceiling surface of the housing 52. In order to bias the friction plates 63 and 64, the first intermediate member 57 and the second intermediate member 58 to the first sliding member 60 and the second sliding member 61, respectively, The coil springs 71 and 72 and the coil springs 69 and 70 are interposed between the bottom plate 52b and between the spring mounting plate 67 and the top plate 52a of the housing 52.

  The casing 52 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the clevis 53 is fixed to the left side surface, and the connecting rod 68 of the clevis 59 passes through the right side surface. Further, screw rods 73 to 76 penetrate the top plate 52a and the bottom plate 52b of the housing 52.

  The clevis 53 is formed in a plate shape having a through-hole 53a and is attached to one member (not shown) of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other. The clevis 59 has a through-hole 59a and is a plate When the clevises 53 and 59 are displaced relative to each other, the function of the negative rigidity damper 51 is exhibited.

The lower member 54 is formed in a plate shape that is rectangular when viewed from above, and includes a ridge 54b in which a concave curved groove 54a is formed on the upper surface. The lower surface 54 c of the lower member 54 slides on the upper surface of the friction plate 63.
,

  The upper member 55 is formed in a plate shape that is rectangular when viewed from above, and includes a ridge 55b having a concave curved groove 55a formed on the lower surface. The upper surface 55 c of the upper member 55 slides on the lower surface of the friction plate 64.

  The first intermediate member 57 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape having a convex curved lower surface 57a. The curvature of the convex curved lower surface 57 a is smaller than the curvature of the concave curved groove 54 a of the lower member 54.

  The second intermediate member 58 is formed in a kamaboko shape having a convex curved upper surface 58a. The curvature of the convex curved upper surface 58a is smaller than the curvature of the concave curved groove 55a of the upper member 55.

  The lower member 54 and the upper member 55 are integrally connected to each other at the right end portion by a connecting plate 56, and the lower member 54 and the upper member 55 move in conjunction with the connecting rod 68 and the clevis 59 via the connecting plate 56. .

  The first sliding member 60 has a convex curved lower surface 60a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 54a of the lower member 54, and a concave curved surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57. It is formed in a rod shape having an upper surface 60 b and is interposed between the convex curved upper surface 54 a of the lower member 54 and the convex curved lower surface 57 a of the first intermediate member 57.

  The second sliding member 61 has a convex curved upper surface 61a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 55a of the upper member 55 and a concave curved surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58. It is formed in a rod shape having a lower surface 61b, and is interposed between the concave curved groove 55a of the upper member 55 and the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58.

  The screw rods 73 and 74 penetrate the spring mounting plate 67 having a rectangular shape in plan view, the top plate 52a of the housing 52, and the second intermediate member 58 in the vertical direction. Coil springs 69 and 70 are mounted between the spring mounting plate 67 and the top plate 52 a of the housing 52. Nuts 77 and 78 are attached to both ends of the screw rods 73 and 74.

  The screw rods 75 and 76 penetrate the spring mounting plate 66 having a rectangular shape in plan view, the bottom plate 52b of the housing 52 and the first intermediate member 57 in the vertical direction. Coil springs 71 and 72 are mounted between the spring mounting plate 66 and the bottom plate 52 b of the housing 52. Nuts 79 and 80 are attached to both ends of the screw rods 75 and 76.

  The negative rigid damper 51 having the above configuration is attached to a beam or brace of a building structure via clevises 53 and 59.

  Next, the operation of the negative rigid damper 51 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  When a force F is applied to the negative rigid damper 51 interposed in the beam of the building structure in the direction of separating the clevises 53 and 59 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the first intermediate member 57 is moved to the first sliding member 60. In addition, while the first sliding member 60 is urged against the lower member 54 by the coil springs 71 and 72, the first sliding member 60 rotates between the concave curved groove 54a of the lower member 54. Then, the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57 is slid in the upper left direction.

  Similarly, in the state where the second intermediate member 58 is biased to the second sliding member 61 and the second sliding member 61 is biased to the upper member 55 by the coil springs 69 and 70, the second sliding member 61 is moved upward. While rotating between the concave curved groove 55a of the member 55, the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58 slides in the lower left direction.

  The first sliding member 60 slides on the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57 in the upper left direction, and the second sliding member 61 moves the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58 in the lower left direction. By sliding, when a force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 53 and 59 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, a larger reaction force is generated in the direction in which the clevises 53 and 59 are separated from each other. Can be obtained. In addition, between the concave curved upper surface 60b of the first sliding member 60 and the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57, and the concave curved lower surface 61b of the second sliding member 61 and the first (2) Friction attenuation can be obtained by friction between the intermediate member 58 and the convex curved upper surface 58a. Further, the clevises 53 and 59 are separated from each other, whereby the lower surface 54c of the lower member 54 and the friction plate 63 Friction damping can also be obtained between the upper surface and between the upper surface 55 c of the upper member 55 and the upper surface of the friction plate 64.

  In the above description of the operation, the case where the force F is applied in the direction in which the clevises 53 and 59 are separated from each other due to an earthquake or the like has been described, but when the force F is applied in the direction in which the clevises 53 and 59 are brought close to each other. The first sliding member 60 slides on the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57 in the upper right direction, and the second sliding member 61 lowers the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58 on the lower right. By sliding in the direction, negative rigidity can be obtained.

  Moreover, since both sliding members 60 and 61 do not start sliding unless the force exceeding the static frictional force of the 1st sliding member 60 and the 2nd sliding member 61 acts, a trigger function can also be provided.

  Further, by changing the curvature of the convex curved lower surface 57a of the first intermediate member 57, the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 58a of the second intermediate member 58, or changing the spring constants of the coil springs 69 to 72. The rigidity of the negative rigidity damper 51 can be changed.

  In the above embodiment, the friction plate 63 is attached below the lower member 54, the friction plate 64 is attached above the upper member 55, the friction between the lower member 54 and the friction plate 63, and the upper member 55. Friction attenuation was obtained with the plate 64, but instead of the friction plates 63 and 64, a roller or the like was attached, and the lower member 54 and the upper member 55 were rolled on the inner surface of the casing 52, so that the lower member 54 and the upper member It is also possible to adopt a configuration in which friction is not attenuated between 55 and the casing 52.

  Next, a fourth embodiment of the negative rigidity damper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The negative rigidity damper 81 includes a housing 82, a lower member 84, an upper member 85 and an intermediate member 86 housed in the housing 82, and a first slide interposed between the lower member 84 and the intermediate member 86. The moving member 90, the second sliding member 91 interposed between the upper member 85 and the intermediate member 86, the lower member 84 and the upper member 85 are respectively connected to the first sliding member 90 and the second sliding member 91. The coil springs 92 and 93 are interposed between the inner surface of the housing 82 and the lower member 84 and the upper member 85, respectively.

  The casing 82 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a clevis 83 is integrally formed on the left side, and a connecting rod 87 of the clevis 89 passes through the right side. The clevis 83 is attached to one member (not shown) of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and the clevis 89 is attached to another member (not shown), and the clevis 83 and 89 are relatively displaced from each other. In addition, the function of the negative rigidity damper 81 is exhibited.

  The lower member 84 is formed in a rectangular plate shape in a top view, and a concave curved groove 84a is formed on the upper surface. The upper member 85 is formed in a rectangular plate shape in a top view, and a concave curved groove 85a is formed on the lower surface.

  The intermediate member 86 has a convex curved lower surface 86a and a convex curved upper surface 86b, and is formed in a shape in which two kamaboko shapes are overlapped. The curvatures of the convex curved lower surface 86a and the convex curved upper surface 86b are smaller than the curvatures of the concave curved groove 84a of the lower member 84 and the concave curved groove 85a of the upper member 85. A shaft 88 extends on the left side surface of the intermediate member 86, and a connecting rod 87 extends on the right side surface. The connecting rod 87 and the shaft 88 are supported by bearings 94 and 95, respectively.

  The first sliding member 90 includes a convex curved lower surface 90a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 84a of the lower member 84, and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86. 90b and a concave curved upper surface 90b and a rod 90 having a sliding material 90c, and are interposed between the concave curved groove 84a of the lower member 84 and the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86. . The sliding member 90c can generate a large frictional force with the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86, and can perform effective friction damping.

  The second sliding member 91 includes a convex curved upper surface 91a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 85a of the upper member 85 and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86. 91b, and a concave curved upper surface 91b having a sliding member 91c, and is interposed between the convex curved lower surface 85a of the upper member 85 and the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86. The The sliding member 91c can also generate a large frictional force with the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86, and can perform effective friction damping.

  The negative rigid damper 81 having the above configuration is attached to a beam or brace of a building structure via clevises 83 and 89.

  Next, the operation of the negative rigid damper 81 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  When a force F is applied to the negative rigid damper 81 interposed in the beam of the building structure in the direction of separating the clevises 83 and 89 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the lower member 84 is coiled to the first sliding member 90. The first sliding member 90 slides on the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86 in the upper left direction while rotating with the concave curved groove 84a of the lower member 84 while being biased by the spring 92. To do.

  Similarly, while the upper member 85 is urged by the coil spring 93 against the second sliding member 91, the second sliding member 91 rotates between the concave curved groove 85 a of the upper member 85, The convex curved upper surface 86b of the member 86 is slid in the lower left direction.

  The first sliding member 90 slides on the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86 in the upper left direction, and the second sliding member 91 slides on the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86 in the lower left direction. Thus, when a force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 83 and 89 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, a larger reaction force is generated in the direction in which the clevises 83 and 89 are separated from each other, thereby obtaining negative rigidity. it can. In addition, between the sliding material 90c of the first sliding member 90 and the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86, and the convex curved shape of the sliding material 91c of the second sliding member 91 and the intermediate member 86. Friction damping can be obtained by friction with the upper surface 86b.

  In the above description of the operation, the case where the force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 83 and 89 from each other due to an earthquake or the like has been described, but when the force F is applied in the direction of bringing the clevises 83 and 89 close to each other. The first sliding member 90 slides on the convex curved lower surface 86a of the intermediate member 86 in the upper right direction, and the second sliding member 91 slides on the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86 in the lower right direction. By doing so, negative rigidity can be obtained.

  Moreover, since both the sliding members 90 and 91 do not start sliding unless the force exceeding the static frictional force of the 1st sliding member 90 and the 2nd sliding member 91 acts, a trigger function can also be provided.

  Further, the rigidity of the negative rigidity damper 81 can be changed by changing the curvature of the convex curved lower surface 86a and the convex curved upper surface 86b of the intermediate member 86 or by changing the spring constants of the coil springs 92 and 93. Can do.

  Next, a fifth embodiment of the negative rigidity damper according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The negative stiffness damper 101 includes a housing 102, a lower member 105, an upper member 106 and an intermediate member 107 housed in the housing 102, and a first slide interposed between the lower member 105 and the intermediate member 107. The moving member 109, the second sliding member 110 interposed between the upper member 106 and the intermediate member 107, the lower member 105 and the upper member 106 are respectively connected to the first sliding member 109 and the second sliding member 110. The coil springs 111 and 112 are interposed between the inner surface of the housing 102 and the lower member 105 and the upper member 106, respectively.

  The housing 102 is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape, and a clevis 103 is integrally formed on the left side through the shaft accommodating portion 104, and a connecting rod 114 of the clevis 108 passes through the right side. The clevis 103 is attached to one member (not shown) of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and the clevis 108 is attached to another member (not shown), and the clevises 103 and 108 are displaced relative to each other. In addition, the function of the negative rigidity damper 101 is exhibited.

  The lower member 105 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape having a convex curved surface upper surface 105a, and the upper member 106 is formed in a semi-cylindrical shape having a convex curved surface-like lower surface 106a.

  The intermediate member 107 is formed in a rectangular plate shape when viewed from above, and includes a concave curved groove 107a on the lower surface and a concave curved groove 107b on the upper surface. The curvatures of the concave curved grooves 107 a and 107 b are larger than the convex curved upper surface 105 a of the lower member 105 and the convex curved lower surface 106 a of the upper member 106. A shaft 115 extends from the left side surface of the intermediate member 107, and a connecting rod 114 extends from the right side surface. The connecting rod 114 and the shaft 115 are supported by bearings 116 and 117, respectively.

  The first sliding member 109 has a convex curved upper surface 109a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 107a of the intermediate member 107 and a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105. 109b and a concave curved lower surface 109b having a sliding material (not shown) and a rod-shaped upper surface 105a of the lower member 105 and a concave curved groove 107a of the intermediate member 107. Be dressed. The sliding material generates a large frictional force with the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105, and can perform effective friction damping.

  The second sliding member 110 includes a convex curved lower surface 110a having the same curvature as the concave curved groove 107b of the intermediate member 107, and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106. 110b and a concave curved lower surface 110b having a sliding material (not shown) and formed in a rod shape, and interposed between the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106 and the concave curved groove 107b of the intermediate member 107. Be dressed. The sliding member generates a large frictional force with the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106, and can perform effective friction damping.

  The negative rigid damper 101 having the above configuration is attached to a beam or brace of a building structure via clevises 103 and 108.

  Next, the operation of the negative rigid damper 101 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.

  When a force F is applied to the negative rigid damper 101 interposed in the beam of the building structure in the direction of separating the clevises 103 and 108 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, the lower member 105 is coiled on the first sliding member 109. While the first sliding member 109 rotates with the concave curved groove 107a of the intermediate member 107 while being urged by the spring 111, the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105 is slid in the lower right direction. Move.

  Similarly, while the upper member 106 is urged by the coil spring 112 to the second sliding member 110, the upper member 106 is rotated between the concave curved groove 107 b of the intermediate member 107 and the upper curved surface of the upper member 106 is lowered. The surface 106a is slid in the upper right direction.

  The first sliding member 109 slides on the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105 in the lower right direction, and the second sliding member 110 slides on the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106 in the upper right direction. Thus, when a force F is applied in a direction to separate the clevises 103 and 108 from each other due to an earthquake or the like, a larger reaction force is generated in the direction in which the clevises 103 and 108 are separated from each other, thereby obtaining a negative rigidity. Can do. In addition, between the sliding material of the first sliding member 109 and the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105, and the sliding material of the second sliding member 110 and the convex curved lower surface of the upper member 106 Friction damping can be obtained by friction with 106a.

  In the above description of the operation, the case where the force F is applied in the direction of separating the clevises 103 and 108 from each other due to an earthquake or the like has been described, but when the force F is applied in the direction of bringing the clevises 103 and 108 close to each other. The first sliding member 109 slides on the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105 in the lower left direction, and the second sliding member 110 slides on the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106 in the upper left direction. Thus, negative rigidity can be obtained.

  In addition, since the sliding members 109 and 110 do not start sliding unless a force exceeding the static frictional force of the first sliding member 109 and the second sliding member 110 is applied, a trigger function can be provided.

  Further, the rigidity of the negative rigidity damper 101 is changed by changing the curvature of the convex curved upper surface 105a of the lower member 105 or the convex curved lower surface 106a of the upper member 106, or by changing the spring constants of the coil springs 111 and 112. Can be changed.

  Next, a test example of the negative rigidity damper according to the present invention will be described.

  1 is used (however, instead of the friction plate 8, a roller is provided between the lower member 4 and the bottom surface of the housing 2 so that the lower member 4 can roll on the bottom surface of the housing 2). In the state where a load is applied between the lower member 4 and the upper member 5, vibration is applied between the clevises 3 and 6 at a predetermined cycle, and the relative displacement between the lower member 4 and the upper member 5 and the negative rigid damper 1 are applied. The resistance force was measured. In Test B, a total of six springs were added to the four coil springs 13 and 14 used in Test A to give a total load of 1.5. The result is shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 6, it can be seen that the resistance force of the negative stiffness damper 1 decreases with the increase in relative displacement between the lower member 4 and the upper member 5, and negative stiffness is obtained. In addition, in the case of test B than in test A, the slope of the straight line indicating the relationship between displacement and resistance force is larger, and the magnitude of the applied load (in the case of the negative rigid damper 1 in FIG. It can be seen that the degree of negative rigidity can be adjusted by changing the elastic force of the coil springs 13 and 14. In addition, in the test B having a larger applied load, the absorbed energy, which is the area surrounded by the history, is larger. This is because the friction coefficient of the friction sliding surface is substantially constant and the applied load becomes larger. This is because the frictional resistance increases. That is, a desired degree of negative rigidity and absorbed energy can be obtained by appropriately selecting the magnitude of the load to be applied and the friction coefficient of the friction sliding surface.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Negative rigidity damper 2 Case 2a Top plate 2b Bottom plate 3 Clevis 3a Through-hole 4 Lower member 4a Main body 4b Convex-curved upper surface 4c Lower surface 4d Standing plate 5 Upper member 5a Concave-curved groove 6 Clevis 6a Through-hole 7 Sliding member 7a Convex-curved upper surface 7b Concave-curved lower surface 8 Friction plate 9 Spring mounting plate 10 Connecting rod 11, 12 Screw rod 13, 14 Coil springs 15-18 Nut 19, 20 Positioning collar 21 Negative rigid damper 22 Housing 22a Top Plate 22b Bottom plate 23 Clevis 23a Through hole 24 Lower member 24a Main body 24b Convex curved upper surface 24c Lower surface 25 Upper member 25a Main body 25b Convex curved lower surface 25c Upper surface 26 Connecting plate 27 First intermediate member 27a Concave curved groove 27b Convex ridge 28 Second intermediate member 28a Concave surface groove 28b Convex line 29 Clevis 29a Through hole 30 First sliding member 30a Convex surface upper surface 30b Curved lower surface 31 Second sliding member 31a Convex curved lower surface 31b Concave curved upper surface 33, 34 Friction plates 36, 37 Spring mounting plate 38 Coupling rods 39-42 Coil springs 43-46 Screw rods 47-50 Nut 51 Negative Rigid Damper 52 Case 52a Top Plate 52b Bottom Plate 53 Clevis 53a Through Hole 54 Lower Member 55 Upper Member 56 Connecting Plate 57 First Intermediate Member 58 Second Intermediate Member 59 Clevis 59a Through Hole 60 First Sliding Member 60a Convex Curved Surface Lower surface 60b concave curved surface upper surface 61 second sliding member 61a convex curved surface upper surface 61b concave curved surface lower surface 63, 64 friction plate 66, 67 spring mounting plate 68 connecting rod 69-72 coil spring 73-76 screw Rod 77-80 Nut 81 Negative rigid damper 82 Housing 83 Clevis 84 Lower member 84a Recess curved groove 85 Upper member 85a Recess curved groove 86 Intermediate member 8 a convex curved lower surface 86b convex curved upper surface 87 connecting rod 88 shaft 89 clevis 90 first sliding member 90a convex curved lower surface 90b concave curved upper surface 90c sliding material 91 second sliding member 91a convex curved surface Upper surface 91b concave curved lower surface 91c sliding material 92, 93 coil spring 94, 95 bearing 101 negative rigid damper 102 housing 103 clevis 104 shaft housing 105 lower member 105a convex curved upper surface 106 upper member 106a convex curved surface Lower surface 107 Intermediate member 107a, 107b Concave surface groove 108 Clevis 109 First sliding member 109a Convex surface upper surface 109b Concave surface lower surface 110 Second sliding member 110a Convex surface lower surface 110b Concave surface Surface 111, 112 Coil spring 114 Connecting rod 115 Shaft 116, 117 Bearing

Claims (6)

An upper member that can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other and has a concave curved groove that opens downwardly;
A lower member that can be attached to the other member of the pair of members that are relatively displaced from each other, has a convex curved upper surface having a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the upper member, and is formed in a kamaboko shape,
A sliding member having a convex curved upper surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the upper member, and a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the lower member;
Biasing means for biasing the sliding member to the upper surface of the lower member;
The sliding member rotates with the concave curved groove of the upper member while the concave curved lower surface of the sliding member is biased to the convex curved upper surface of the lower member. A negative rigidity damper characterized by having negative rigidity and frictional damping by sliding on the convex curved upper surface of the lower member.   It is configured to be attachable to one member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and the inner surface of the housing that houses the upper member and the lower member and the lower surface of the lower member are relatively relative to each other. The negative rigid damper according to claim 1, wherein the negative rigid damper slides or rolls. A lower member that can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other and has a concave curved groove that opens upwardly;
An upper member that is attachable to the other member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, has a convex curved lower surface with a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the lower member, and is formed in a kamaboko shape,
A sliding member having a convex curved lower surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the lower member, and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the upper member;
Biasing means for biasing the sliding member to the lower surface of the upper member;
The sliding member rotates with the concave curved groove of the lower member while the concave curved upper surface of the sliding member is urged by the convex curved lower surface of the upper member. A negative rigidity damper characterized by having negative rigidity and frictional damping by sliding on the convex curved lower surface of the upper member.   The inner surface of the housing that accommodates the upper member and the lower member and the upper surface of the upper member slide relative to each other, and are configured to be attachable to one member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other. The negative rigidity damper according to claim 3, wherein the negative rigidity damper rolls. A lower member that can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other and has a concave curved groove that opens upwardly;
An upper member that can be attached to the one member and has a concave curved groove that opens downward;
It can be attached to the other member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, and has a convex curved lower surface having a smaller curvature than the concave curved groove of the lower member and a curvature smaller than the concave curved groove of the upper member. An intermediate member having a convex curved upper surface;
A first sliding member having a convex curved lower surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the lower member, and a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member;
A second sliding member having a convex curved upper surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove of the upper member, and a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member;
First biasing means for biasing the first sliding member toward the lower surface of the intermediate member;
Second urging means for urging the second sliding member toward the upper surface of the intermediate member;
The concave curved upper surface of the first sliding member is biased to the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member, and the concave curved lower surface of the second sliding member is the intermediate member. The first sliding member slides on the convex curved lower surface of the intermediate member while rotating between the concave curved groove of the lower member while being biased by the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member. The second sliding member slides on the convex curved upper surface of the intermediate member while rotating with the concave curved groove of the upper member, thereby having negative rigidity and friction damping. A negative rigidity damper characterized in that it can be obtained. A lower member that can be attached to one member of a pair of members that are displaced relative to each other and has a convex curved upper surface;
An upper member that can be attached to the one member and has a convex curved lower surface;
It can be attached to the other member of the pair of members that are displaced relative to each other, has a concave curved groove having a larger curvature than the convex curved upper surface of the lower member on the lower surface, and a convex curved surface of the upper member on the upper surface. An intermediate member having a concave curved groove having a larger curvature than the lower surface,
A first sliding member having a concave curved lower surface having the same curvature as the convex curved upper surface of the lower member, and a convex curved upper surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove on the lower surface of the intermediate member;
A second sliding member having a concave curved upper surface having the same curvature as the convex curved lower surface of the upper member, and a convex curved lower surface having the same curvature as the concave curved groove on the upper surface of the intermediate member;
First urging means for urging the lower member toward the first sliding member;
Second urging means for urging the upper member to the second sliding member;
The upper curved surface of the lower member is biased to the lower curved surface of the first sliding member, and the lower curved surface of the upper member is concave of the second sliding member. The first sliding member slides on the convex curved upper surface of the lower member while rotating between the first curved member and the concave curved groove on the lower surface of the intermediate member while being urged by the curved upper surface. In addition, the second sliding member has negative rigidity by sliding on the convex curved lower surface of the upper member while rotating between the concave curved groove on the upper surface of the intermediate member, and A negative stiffness damper characterized by being able to obtain friction damping.

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