JP6709646B2 - Vibration control device, vibration control system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system.

Various vibration control devices have been developed as earthquake countermeasures for buildings such as skyscrapers. The vibration damping device mainly includes a passive type, an active type and a semi-active type.
The passive method does not require energy such as electric power, and damps the vibration of a building based on the damping characteristics of an oil damper or the like. Therefore, stable performance can be achieved without being affected by a power failure or the like.
In the active method and the semi-active method, the vibration of a building is detected by a sensor, and the vibration damper and the like are controlled based on the detection result.

Patent Document 1 discloses a brace damper for damping vibration. In this brace damper, the first hydraulic damper and the second hydraulic damper are connected in series so that they operate in opposite directions.
Patent Document 2 discloses a hydraulic damper capable of obtaining the same efficiency as that of the semi-active method without requiring a controller or the like. In this hydraulic damper, hydraulic dampers having the same structure are symmetrically arranged so as to sandwich a brace.

JP-A-11-270179 JP, 2004-52922, A

By the way, when an earthquake occurs, shaking (earthquake motion) having various cycles occurs. Especially, high-rise buildings are strongly affected by long-period ground motion.
There is a problem that it is difficult for the passive method to sufficiently cope with such fluctuations of various cycles.
On the other hand, the active system can deal with fluctuations of various cycles, but for example, a large actuator or pump such as an active mass damper is required, or a special damper is used in the form that changes the damping characteristic of the damper itself. It may be necessary to develop and manufacture. Therefore, there is a problem that the device tends to be large and expensive.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system that can efficiently reduce the vibration of a building and can be configured in a small size and at a low cost. To aim.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention proposes the following means.
The vibration damping device of the present invention is a vibration damping device interposed between two members capable of relative displacement in a building, wherein a damping portion having an axial damping characteristic across the two members and a rigidity in the axial direction are provided. And an axial direction variable part that makes at least one of the lengths variable, the axial direction variable part and the damping part are connected in series, and the axial direction variable part transmits the load between the two members. To eliminate the load transfer between the two members .
According to this structure, by arbitrarily changing at least one of the rigidity and the length of the axial direction variable portion, it is possible to arbitrarily change the transmission load between the two members, and to efficiently vibrate the building. Can be attenuated. Therefore, it is particularly effective as a measure against long-period ground motion of high-rise buildings. Further, since it is only necessary to connect the axial direction variable section independent of the damping section to the damping section in series, it is possible to configure the apparatus at a smaller size and at a lower cost as compared with the case of using the active damper in which the actuator is incorporated in the damping section. ..

Further, the vibration damping device may be connected to a brace of a building.
In this case, the load transmitted to the brace can be arbitrarily changed by the operation of the axial direction variable portion, and the vibration of the building can be efficiently damped.

Further, in the above vibration damping device, the axial direction variable portion may be an MR damper.
In this case, the existing MR damper can be used to realize small-sized and inexpensive active control.

Further, the vibration damping device may be configured such that the axial direction variable portion is an electric actuator.
In this case, the existing electric actuator can be used to realize small-sized and inexpensive active control.

Further, the damping device may be configured such that the damping portion is any one of an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel material damper, and a friction damper.
In this case, the vibration damping device can be configured easily and inexpensively using the existing damper device.

The damping device may be configured such that the damping portion is a connecting member that connects the axial direction varying portion to a building.
In this case, the vibration damping device can be configured easily and inexpensively using the connecting member as the damping portion.

The vibration damping system of the present invention includes any one of the above vibration damping devices, a vibration sensor that detects vibration of the building, and a control device that operates the axial direction variable unit based on a detection result of the vibration sensor. Is equipped with.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system that can efficiently reduce the vibration of a building and can be configured in a small size and at a low cost.

It is explanatory drawing of the damping system in embodiment of this invention. It is a front view of a damping device in an embodiment of the present invention, (a) shows an example connected to a Y-shaped brace, and (b) shows an example connected to a single brace. It is an explanatory view of the damping characteristic of the above-mentioned damping device, and in the example which connected a viscous damper and MR damper, (a) changes the rigidity of the MR damper in the axial direction, (b) shows the axis of the MR damper. Comparative examples in the case where the MR damper has a constant characteristic that the rigidity is not changed and the MR damper is not deformed in the axial direction are shown. It is an explanatory view of the damping characteristic of the above-mentioned damping device, and in the example which connected a steel material damper and MR damper, (a) changes the rigidity of the MR damper in the axial direction, (b) shows the axis of MR damper. Comparative examples in the case where the MR damper has a constant characteristic that the rigidity is not changed and the MR damper is not deformed in the axial direction are shown. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, and in the example which connected the viscous damper and an electric actuator, (a) changes an electric actuator, (b) does not change an electric actuator and an electric actuator changes. Comparative examples will be shown in the case of a constant characteristic that does not deform in the axial direction. It is explanatory drawing of the damping characteristic of the said damping device, and in the example which connected the steel damper and an electric actuator, (a) changes an electric actuator, (b) does not change an electric actuator and an electric actuator changes. It is a figure which shows each comparative example when it is set as a fixed characteristic which does not deform|transform in an axial direction.

Hereinafter, a vibration damping device and a vibration damping system according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A vibration damping system 5 shown in FIG. 1 detects a vibration of a building BL by being attached to a plurality of vibration damping devices 1 attached to, for example, a lower layer portion of a high-rise building BL and an appropriate layer of the building BL. A plurality of vibration sensors 6 and a control device 7 that controls the operation of the vibration damping device 1 based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 6 are provided. The vibration damping system 5 senses and records the vibration of the building BL with each vibration sensor 6, calculates the control force with the control device 7 according to the detection result, and each vibration damping device according to this calculation result. At 1, the vibration of the building BL is controlled. The location of the vibration damping device 1 is not limited to the lower layer portion, and may be installed in any layer.

The vibration damping device 1 is provided between two members of the building BL that are capable of relative displacement. The vibration damping device 1 includes a damping portion 10 having a damping characteristic in the axial direction (longitudinal direction) across a connecting portion for the two members, and a shaft having at least one of rigidity and length in the axial direction variable. The direction variable unit 20 is provided. The vibration damping device 1 is configured by connecting an axial direction variable portion 20 and a damping portion 10 in series in the axial direction. The axial direction variable portion 20 and the damping portion 10 may be separate bodies or may be integrated.

The vibration damping device 1A shown in FIG. 2A is connected to a top portion (lower end portion) Br1a of a Y-shaped brace Br1 extending between upper end portions of a pair of pillars P in a building BL. The vibration damping device 1A is arranged substantially horizontally between the top portion Br1a of the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the base Pa of the pillar P of the building BL. Both ends of the vibration damping device 1A are connected to the top portion Br1a and the pillar P, respectively. The vibration damping device 1A shown in FIG. 2A is composed of the damping portion 10 and the axial direction variable portion 20, but further includes a connecting member extending in the axial direction, and the damping portion 10 is provided via this connecting member. Also, at least one of the axial direction variable portion 20 may be connected to the corresponding one of the brace and the pillar P.

The vibration damping device 1B shown in FIG. 2B is connected (installed) to the middle portion of a single brace Br2 that extends between the upper and lower ends of a pair of columns P in a building BL. The vibration damping device 1B is arranged between the end portions of the upper and lower brace members Br2a, Br2b, which are vertically divided in the single brace Br2, on the center side of the brace. The vibration damping device 1B is arranged such that the axial direction thereof is parallel to and substantially coincides with the axial direction (length direction) of the single brace Br2. The vibration damping device 1B has both ends connected to the ends of the upper and lower brace members Br2a, Br2b on the center side of the brace, respectively. The vibration damping device 1B shown in FIG. 2B includes the damping unit 10, the axial direction variable unit 20, and the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b, but one of the upper and lower brace members Br2a and Br2b may be omitted.

The damping portion 10 has a predetermined damping characteristic in the axial direction, and an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel damper, a friction damper, or the like is used. That is, various commercially available vibration dampers can be used. Further, the damping portion 10 may be configured by any one of the connecting member and the upper and lower brace members Br2a, Br2b having the damping characteristic in the axial direction. Further, either the connecting member or the brace member may be provided between the damping portion 10 and the axial direction varying portion 20.
The brace connecting the vibration damping device 1 is not limited to the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the one-sided brace Br2, and other forms such as an X-shaped brace and a V-shaped brace may be used.

The axial direction variable portion 20 changes the damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 including the damping portion 10 by changing at least one of the rigidity and the length in the axial direction. The axial direction of the axial direction variable portion 20 and the damping portion 10 coincides with the axial direction.

The axial direction variable portion 20 is inserted in series between the building BL and the damping portion 10, and the transmission load between the two members is arbitrarily changed according to the vibration of the building BL, whereby the damping portion 10 of the damping portion 10 is changed. It is possible to effectively suppress the vibration of the entire building BL by changing the characteristics arbitrarily.
The axial direction variable portion 20 can be composed of, for example, an MR damper. That is, a commercially available MR damper can be used.
The MR damper includes an MR fluid (Magnetorheological Fluid) inside, and changes the viscosity of the MR fluid according to a magnetic field applied to the MR fluid to generate a desired damping force.

If a magnetic field is not applied to the MR fluid, the damping force (reaction force) of the MR damper becomes almost 0, the rigidity in the axial direction becomes almost 0, and the load transmission between the two members is disabled. At this time, the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 becomes almost zero, and the vibration of one of the two members is not transmitted to the other, so that the vibration can be controlled between the two members.
On the other hand, by applying a magnetic field to the MR fluid to appropriately increase the damping force of the MR damper, the rigidity in the axial direction is increased, and the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 can be generated and increased/decreased. At this time, it is possible to transmit the load between the two members and increase or decrease the transmitted load. This makes it possible to effectively damp the vibration between the two members.
In this way, by operating the MR damper according to the vibration of the building BL, the active type vibration damping action is achieved, and the vibration control can be performed more efficiently than the passive type.

On the other hand, the axial direction variable portion 20 can also be configured by an electric actuator, for example. That is, a commercially available electric actuator can be used.
Then, by expanding and contracting the electric actuator according to the vibration of the building BL, it becomes possible to disable or increase or decrease the load transmission between the two members. This makes it possible to increase or decrease the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 to eliminate load transmission between the two members or to damp vibrations.
In this way, by operating the electric actuator according to the vibration of the building BL, the active type vibration damping action is achieved, and the vibration control can be performed more efficiently than the passive type.

With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, the operation when the MR damper (shaft rigidity varying device) is used for the axial direction varying unit 20 will be described.
FIG. 3A shows damping characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 in which a damping unit 10 made of a viscous damper and an axial direction variable unit 20 made of an MR damper are combined in series, and FIG. 2 shows damping characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 in which the damping unit 10 and the axial direction variable unit 20 including an MR damper are combined in series.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the entire vibration damping device 1 can be changed by operating the MR damper at an arbitrary timing. In the examples of FIGS. 3 and 4, the load transmission between the two members is partially canceled by making the axial rigidity of the MR damper almost infinite at any timing and making it substantially zero at other timings. .
In this way, by controlling the vibration damping device 1 based on the record obtained by the vibration sensor 6, it is more effective than passive vibration damping in consideration of the load on the building BL, efficiency, etc. It becomes possible to shake. It should be noted that, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the axial rigidity of the MR damper is not limited to the infinity or zero, but an intermediate axial rigidity may be set to widen the control range of the vibration damping device 1.

FIG. 3B is a vibration damping device having a damping part 10 made of a viscous damper, which has a constant characteristic that the rigidity of the axial direction variable part 20 is not changed by increasing the rigidity in the axial direction and the MR damper is not deformed in the axial direction. FIG. 4( b) shows the damping characteristics of the device 1, and the MR damper is deformed in the axial direction while the damping portion 10 made of a steel damper is provided, while the axial rigidity of the axial direction variable portion 20 is increased and does not change. The damping characteristic by the vibration damping device 1 having a constant characteristic is shown.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the entire vibration damping device 1 is the fixed damping characteristic of the damping section 10.

With reference to FIGS. 5 and 6, the operation when the electric actuator (axial length varying device) is used for the axial direction varying unit 20 will be described.
FIG. 5A shows damping characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 in which a damping unit 10 made of a viscous damper and an axial direction variable unit 20 made of an electric actuator are combined in series, and FIG. 6A shows a damping characteristic of a steel material damper. 2 shows damping characteristics of the vibration damping device 1 in which the damping unit 10 and the axial direction variable unit 20 including an electric actuator are combined in series.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the entire vibration damping device 1 can be changed by operating (extending and contracting) the electric actuator at an arbitrary timing. In the example of FIGS. 5 and 6, the load transmission between the two members is arbitrarily increased or decreased by expanding or contracting the axial length of the electric actuator and changing the speed or amount of axial deformation of the damping portion 10. ..
In this way, by controlling the vibration damping device 1 based on the record obtained by the vibration sensor 6, it is more effective than passive vibration damping in consideration of the load on the building BL, efficiency, etc. It becomes possible to shake.

FIG. 5B shows a damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 which is provided with the damping portion 10 made of a viscous damper, while the axial direction variable portion 20 is not changed and the electric actuator has a constant characteristic that does not change in the axial direction. 6(b) shows a damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 which is provided with a damping portion 10 made of a steel damper, while the axial direction varying portion 20 is not changed and the electric actuator has a constant characteristic that does not change in the axial direction. Show.
In these cases, the damping characteristic of the vibration damping device 1 is the fixed damping characteristic of the damping unit 10.

Returning to FIG. 1, the vibration damping system 5 detects the vibration of the building BL by the vibration sensor 6, and based on the detection result of the vibration sensor 6, the control device 7 operates the vibration damping device 1 (of the axial direction variable portion 20). Control). As a result, it is possible to increase or decrease the damping force of the entire vibration damping device 1 according to the vibration of the building BL to eliminate the load transmission between the two members or to damp the vibration.

By introducing the vibration damping system 5 into the building BL, the vibration of the building BL can be easily and actively controlled, and efficient damping can be performed with a smaller number of dampers as compared with passive type damping. Further, the present vibration damping system can be easily introduced into the existing building BL, and the existing vibration damping damper can be used as a damper for active vibration damping. The damping unit 10 used in the vibration damping system 5 is abundant in commercially available vibration damping dampers and can be obtained at low cost. On the other hand, the axial direction variable unit 20 has a simple function, and it is possible to use an MR damper, a small actuator, or the like.

As described above, the vibration damping device 1 according to the above-described embodiment is provided between the two members of the building BL that are capable of relative displacement (for example, between the Y-shaped brace Br1 and the pillar P, between the upper and lower brace members Br2a, Br2b). The damping part 10 having the damping property in the axial direction and the axial direction varying part 20 for varying at least one of the rigidity and the length in the axial direction are connected to each other in series. Therefore, by arbitrarily changing at least one of the rigidity and the length of the axial direction variable portion 20, it is possible to arbitrarily change the transmission load between the two members and to arbitrarily change the building BL. The vibration of the building BL can be efficiently damped by applying damping and restoring force to the. Further, since it is only necessary to connect the axial direction variable portion 20 independent of the damping portion 10 to the damping portion 10 in series, the size and cost are reduced as compared with the case where the active damper in which the actuator is incorporated in the damping portion is used. be able to.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, in the vibration damping system 5, the number and types of the vibration sensors 6 can be arbitrarily selected. The control by the control device 7 may also be optimized by feedback or learning as appropriate.
The shaking of the building BL includes not only seismic motion but also vibration due to wind.
The vibration damping device 1 can be installed anywhere in the building BL, and the number of installations is various. In addition, the forms of the braces B that connect the vibration damping device 1 do not have to be unified, and the braces B of various forms may be mixed. Further, the system of the vibration damping device 1 (variable shaft rigidity system, variable shaft length system) does not need to be unified, and the vibration damping devices 1 of a plurality of systems may be mixed.
The variable shaft rigidity device is not limited to the MR damper, but may be a device having a mechanical mechanism or the like. The variable axial length device is not limited to an electric actuator, but may be a hydraulic actuator or the like.
The configurations in the above embodiments are examples of the present invention, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention, such as replacing the elements of the embodiments with known elements.

1, 1A, 1B... Vibration control device 5... Vibration control system 6... Vibration sensor 7... Control device 10... Damping part 20... Axial direction variable part BL... Building P... Pillar Pa... Base Br1... Y type brace (brace )
Br2... Single brace (Brace)
Br1a... Top part Br2a... Upper brace member (connecting member)
Br2b... Lower brace member (connecting member)

Claims (7)

In a vibration damping device interposed between two members capable of relative displacement in a building,
A damping part having an axial damping characteristic extending between the two members, and an axial direction varying part capable of varying at least one of rigidity and length in the axial direction, the axial direction varying part and the damping. A vibration damping device that changes the load transmission between the two members, including eliminating the load transmission between the two members, and the axial direction variable portion being connected in series. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, which is connected to a brace of a building. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial direction variable portion is an MR damper. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the axial direction variable portion is an electric actuator. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the damping portion is any one of an oil damper, a viscous damper, a viscoelastic damper, a steel material damper, and a friction damper. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the damping portion is a connecting member that connects the axial direction variable portion to a building. The vibration damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, a vibration sensor that detects vibration of the building, and a control device that operates the axial direction variable unit based on a detection result of the vibration sensor. , A vibration damping system equipped with.

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