JP2014172035A - Electrolyzed water generator - Google Patents

Electrolyzed water generator Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP2014172035A
JP2014172035A JP2013050052A JP2013050052A JP2014172035A JP 2014172035 A JP2014172035 A JP 2014172035A JP 2013050052 A JP2013050052 A JP 2013050052A JP 2013050052 A JP2013050052 A JP 2013050052A JP 2014172035 A JP2014172035 A JP 2014172035A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
water
electrode device
electrolytic electrode
pipe
electrolytic
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
JP2013050052A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP6037282B2 (en
Inventor
Kenichiro Inagaki
賢一郎 稲垣
Yasuhiro Saihara
康弘 才原
Chihiro I
千尋 井
Shunsuke Mori
俊輔 森
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Corp
Original Assignee
Panasonic Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Corp filed Critical Panasonic Corp
Priority to JP2013050052A priority Critical patent/JP6037282B2/en
Publication of JP2014172035A publication Critical patent/JP2014172035A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP6037282B2 publication Critical patent/JP6037282B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/36Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis

Landscapes

  • Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
  • Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ozone water generator which can increase the ozone concentration of electrolyzed water.SOLUTION: An ozone water generator includes an electrolytic electrode device 1 which is composed of an anode 11, a conductive film 13 and a cathode 14, laminated in order, in such a way that at least a part of the boundary surface between the conductive film 13 and the anode 11 comes in contact with water, electrolyzes water supplied from a reception surface 1A and delivers the electrolyzed water from the reception surface 1A and piping 2 which forms a passage having an opening through which to-be-electrolyzed water is supplied by the electrolytic electrode device 1 and is incorporated with the reception surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 in the inner wall formed with the opening.

Description

本発明は、水を電解処理する電解水生成装置に関する。   The present invention relates to an electrolyzed water generating apparatus that electrolyzes water.

水を電解処理する技術としては、下記の特許文献1が知られている。   The following Patent Document 1 is known as a technique for electrolytically treating water.

この特許文献1には、板状陽極、導電性膜、板状陰極を積層してなると共に導電性膜と板状陽極の界面の少なくとも一部が水と接触するように露出してなる電解電極デバイスが記載されている。この電解電極デバイスには、水を供給する配管に配置される。電解電極デバイスは、陽極としてダイヤモンド電極、導電性膜として固体高分子イオン交換膜、陰極として金属電極を積層している。また、この電解電極デバイスは、板状陰極及び導電性膜によって形成されたスリットに水を流通させて電解処理をしている。   Patent Document 1 discloses an electrolytic electrode formed by laminating a plate-like anode, a conductive film, and a plate-like cathode, and exposing at least a part of the interface between the conductive film and the plate-like anode in contact with water. The device is listed. This electrolytic electrode device is disposed in a pipe for supplying water. The electrolytic electrode device has a diamond electrode as an anode, a solid polymer ion exchange membrane as a conductive film, and a metal electrode as a cathode. Moreover, this electrolytic electrode device performs electrolytic treatment by circulating water through a slit formed by a plate-like cathode and a conductive film.

特開2012−12695号公報JP 2012-12695 A

しかしながら、特許文献1に記載された構成は、電解電極デバイス自身の凹凸によって配管内の水流を乱している。その結果、配管内に水の滞留部が生じ、電解処理で得られたオゾンの溶解効率が低下して、オゾン濃度が低下していた。   However, the configuration described in Patent Document 1 disturbs the water flow in the piping due to the unevenness of the electrolytic electrode device itself. As a result, a water retention portion was generated in the piping, the ozone dissolution efficiency obtained by the electrolytic treatment was lowered, and the ozone concentration was lowered.

そこで、本発明は、上述した実情に鑑みて提案されたものであり、電解処理した水のオゾン濃度を高めることができるオゾン水生成装置を提供することを目的とする。   Then, this invention is proposed in view of the situation mentioned above, and it aims at providing the ozone water production | generation apparatus which can raise the ozone concentration of the electrolyzed water.

本発明の第1の態様に係る電解水生成装置は、陽極、導電性膜、陰極の順に積層してなり、前記導電性膜と前記陽極との界面の少なくとも一部が水と接触するように構成され、受入面から供給された水に電解処理をし、当該受入面から当該電解処理をした水を送り出す電解電極デバイスと、前記電解電極デバイスによって電解処理の対象となる水を供給する開口を有する流路を形成し、当該開口を形成する内壁に、前記電解電極デバイスの受入面が組み入れられている配管とを有することを特徴とする。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is formed by laminating an anode, a conductive film, and a cathode in this order, so that at least a part of the interface between the conductive film and the anode is in contact with water. An electrolysis electrode device configured to electrolyze water supplied from a receiving surface, and to send out the electrolyzed water from the receiving surface; and an opening for supplying water to be electrolyzed by the electrolysis electrode device And a pipe having a receiving surface of the electrolytic electrode device incorporated in an inner wall forming the opening.

本発明の第2の態様に係る電解水生成装置は、第1の態様の電解水生成装置であって、前記電解電極デバイスの受入面が、前記配管の開口を形成する内壁と略同一面となるよう前記電解電極デバイスが設置されていることを特徴とする。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the second aspect of the present invention is the electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein the receiving surface of the electrolytic electrode device is substantially flush with the inner wall forming the opening of the pipe. It is characterized in that the electrolytic electrode device is installed.

本発明の第3の態様に係る電解水生成装置は、第1又は第2の態様の電解水生成装置であって、前記配管は、前記電解電極デバイスの水流入側における内壁から、前記電解電極デバイスの水流出側における内壁まで、前記開口と直交する断面積が略同一であることを特徴とする。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is the electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the first or second aspect, wherein the pipe is connected to the electrolytic electrode from an inner wall on the water inflow side of the electrolytic electrode device. The cross-sectional area orthogonal to the opening is substantially the same up to the inner wall on the water outflow side of the device.

本発明によれば、開口を形成する内壁に電解電極デバイスの受入面を含めたので、水の滞留を抑制でき、電解処理した水のオゾン濃度を高めることができる。   According to the present invention, since the receiving surface of the electrolytic electrode device is included in the inner wall that forms the opening, the retention of water can be suppressed, and the ozone concentration of the electrolyzed water can be increased.

本発明の第1実施形態として示す電解水生成装置の構成を示す一部断面図である。It is a partial sectional view showing the composition of the electrolyzed water generating device shown as a 1st embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第1実施形態として示す電解水生成装置において、配管内における水の流線を示す一部断面図である。In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is a partial cross section figure which shows the streamline of the water in piping. 本発明の第1実施形態として示す電解水生成装置における電解電極デバイスの上面図である。It is a top view of the electrolytic electrode device in the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as the first embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第1実施形態として示す電解水生成装置において、水通過方向に直交する方向における断面図である。In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 1st Embodiment of this invention, it is sectional drawing in the direction orthogonal to a water passage direction. 本発明の第1実施形態として示す電解水生成装置における電解電極デバイス1の分解斜視図である。It is a disassembled perspective view of the electrolytic electrode device 1 in the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 1st Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置の構成を示す一部断面図である。It is a partial cross section figure which shows the structure of the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 2nd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置において、配管内における水の流線を示す一部断面図である。In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 2nd Embodiment of this invention, it is a partial cross section figure which shows the streamline of the water in piping. 本発明の第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置における電解電極デバイスの上面図である。It is a top view of the electrolytic electrode device in the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as the second embodiment of the present invention. 本発明の第3実施形態として示す電解水生成装置の構成を示す一部断面図である。It is a partial cross section figure which shows the structure of the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 3rd Embodiment of this invention. 本発明の第3実施形態として示す電解水生成装置において、配管内における水の流線を示す一部断面図である。In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 3rd Embodiment of this invention, it is a partial cross section figure which shows the streamline of the water in piping. 比較例としての電解水生成装置を示す一部断面図である。It is a partial cross section figure which shows the electrolyzed water generating apparatus as a comparative example.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照して説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

本発明の実施形態として示す電解水生成装置は、例えば図1に示すように構成される。この電解水生成装置は、水に電気化学反応を起こす電解処理をして、オゾンが溶解された電解水を生成するものである。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as an embodiment of the present invention is configured as shown in FIG. 1, for example. This electrolyzed water generating apparatus performs electrolysis that causes an electrochemical reaction in water to generate electrolyzed water in which ozone is dissolved.

図1は電解水生成装置の一部断面図を示す。図2は図1に配管2内における水の流線を加えた図を示す。図3は電解電極デバイス1の上面図を示す。図4は、水通過方向に直交する方向における断面図を示す。図5は、電解電極デバイス1の分解図を示す。   FIG. 1 shows a partial cross-sectional view of an electrolyzed water generator. FIG. 2 is a view in which a streamline of water in the pipe 2 is added to FIG. FIG. 3 shows a top view of the electrolytic electrode device 1. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view in a direction orthogonal to the water passage direction. FIG. 5 shows an exploded view of the electrolytic electrode device 1.

電解水生成装置は、電解電極デバイス1、配管2、及び、電源部3を含む。この電解水生成装置は、配管部21及び水流入側配管部22から形成された配管2の開口から水が流入する。当該流入した水は、図2に示すような流線に沿って流れ、電解電極デバイス1によって電解処理が行われる。電解電極デバイス1によって電解処理された水は、配管部21及び水流出側配管部23から形成された配管2の開口から流出される。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus includes an electrolytic electrode device 1, a pipe 2, and a power supply unit 3. In this electrolyzed water generating apparatus, water flows from the opening of the pipe 2 formed from the pipe part 21 and the water inflow side pipe part 22. The inflowing water flows along a streamline as shown in FIG. 2, and electrolytic treatment is performed by the electrolytic electrode device 1. The water electrolyzed by the electrolytic electrode device 1 flows out from the opening of the pipe 2 formed from the pipe part 21 and the water outflow side pipe part 23.

電解電極デバイス1は、図1に示すように、板状陽極11、導電性膜13、板状陰極14の順に積層してなる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the electrolytic electrode device 1 is formed by laminating a plate-like anode 11, a conductive film 13, and a plate-like cathode 14 in this order.

電解電極デバイス1は、導電性膜13と板状陽極11との界面の少なくとも一部が水と接触するように構成されている。図1に示す構成例では、導電性膜13及び板状陰極14が側面となり、板状陽極11が底部となっている溝部を形成している。この溝部において、導電性膜13と板状陽極11との界面の少なくとも一部が水と接触する。電解電極デバイス1は、水の受入面1Aから供給された水に電解処理をする。電解電極デバイス1は、当該受入面1Aから、当該電解処理をした水を送り出す。電解処理した水はオゾンを含み、図2に示すように、受入面1Aから送出されると水流出側2Bに向けて流れる。オゾンは、受入面1Aから送出されて水流出側2Bに向けて流れる過程で、水に溶解する。   The electrolytic electrode device 1 is configured such that at least a part of the interface between the conductive film 13 and the plate-like anode 11 is in contact with water. In the configuration example shown in FIG. 1, a groove is formed in which the conductive film 13 and the plate-like cathode 14 are side surfaces, and the plate-like anode 11 is a bottom portion. In this groove, at least part of the interface between the conductive film 13 and the plate-like anode 11 is in contact with water. The electrolytic electrode device 1 performs electrolytic treatment on the water supplied from the water receiving surface 1A. The electrolytic electrode device 1 sends out the water subjected to the electrolytic treatment from the receiving surface 1A. The electrolyzed water contains ozone, and flows toward the water outflow side 2B when sent from the receiving surface 1A as shown in FIG. Ozone dissolves in water in the process of being sent from the receiving surface 1A and flowing toward the water outflow side 2B.

電解電極デバイス1は、導電性膜13からのイオン供給及び電源部3からの電流を受けて、板状陽極11と導電性膜13との界面においてオゾンを電気化学的に生成させる電解処理を行う。この電気化学反応は、以下の通りである。
陽極側:3H2O→O3+6H+6e
陰極側:2H+2e→H2
The electrolytic electrode device 1 receives an ion supply from the conductive film 13 and a current from the power supply unit 3 and performs an electrolytic process for electrochemically generating ozone at the interface between the plate-like anode 11 and the conductive film 13. . This electrochemical reaction is as follows.
Anode side: 3H2O → O3 + 6H + + 6e
Cathode side: 2H + + 2e → H2

板状陽極11は、ニオブを用いて形成した幅10mm、長さ50mm程度の導電性基板に導電性ダイヤモンド膜12が形成されている。この導電性ダイヤモンド膜12は、ボロンドーブ導電性を有するものである。導電性ダイヤモンド膜12は、プラズマCVD法によって、3μm程度の膜厚で導電性基板上に形成される。板状陽極11における導電性基板の一端には導線引出部が形成されている。板状陽極11は、導電性基板の導線引出部、導線を介して電源部3と接続されている。なお、電解電極デバイス1において、板状陽極11及び板状陰極14は板状であるが、膜状、網目状、線状であっても良い。   The plate-like anode 11 has a conductive diamond film 12 formed on a conductive substrate having a width of about 10 mm and a length of about 50 mm formed using niobium. The conductive diamond film 12 has boron dove conductivity. The conductive diamond film 12 is formed on the conductive substrate with a film thickness of about 3 μm by plasma CVD. A conductor lead portion is formed at one end of the conductive substrate in the plate-like anode 11. The plate-like anode 11 is connected to the power supply unit 3 through a conducting wire lead portion and a conducting wire of the conductive substrate. In the electrolytic electrode device 1, the plate-like anode 11 and the plate-like cathode 14 are plate-like, but may be film-like, mesh-like, or linear.

導電性膜13は、導電性ダイヤモンド膜12が形成された板状陽極11上に配置される。導電性膜13は、プロトン導電型のイオン交換フィルムである。導電性膜13は、100〜200μm程度の厚みを有する。この導電性膜13は、図5に示すように、厚み方向に貫通したシート状通水孔13aが複数形成されている。本例において、各シート状通水孔13aを同一形状に設けている。また、本例において、複数のシート状通水孔13aは、一列に設けている。なお、シート状通水孔13aの形状及び配列は別の形態であってもよい。   The conductive film 13 is disposed on the plate-like anode 11 on which the conductive diamond film 12 is formed. The conductive film 13 is a proton conductive type ion exchange film. The conductive film 13 has a thickness of about 100 to 200 μm. As shown in FIG. 5, the conductive film 13 has a plurality of sheet-shaped water passage holes 13 a penetrating in the thickness direction. In this example, each sheet-like water passage hole 13a is provided in the same shape. Further, in the present example, the plurality of sheet-shaped water passage holes 13a are provided in a row. In addition, another form may be sufficient as the shape and arrangement | sequence of the sheet-like water flow hole 13a.

板状陰極14は、導電性膜13上に配置されている。板状陰極14は、例えば厚みが1mm程度のステンレスの電極板からなる。この板状陰極14には、図5に示すように、厚み方向に貫通した通水孔14aが、複数形成されている。この通水孔14aは、シート状通水孔13aと同一又は互いに近似した開口形状を有する。また、通水孔14aは、シート状通水孔13aの配列と同一ピッチ、同一方向に列設されている。   The plate-like cathode 14 is disposed on the conductive film 13. The plate-like cathode 14 is made of, for example, a stainless electrode plate having a thickness of about 1 mm. As shown in FIG. 5, the plate-like cathode 14 is formed with a plurality of water passage holes 14a penetrating in the thickness direction. This water passage hole 14a has the same opening shape as or similar to the sheet-like water passage hole 13a. The water holes 14a are arranged in the same pitch and in the same direction as the arrangement of the sheet-like water holes 13a.

電解電極デバイス1は、板状陽極11に成膜した導電性ダイヤモンド膜12上に導電性膜13を載せ、導電性膜13上に板状陰極14を載せて構成されている。   The electrolytic electrode device 1 is configured by placing a conductive film 13 on a conductive diamond film 12 formed on a plate-like anode 11 and placing a plate-like cathode 14 on the conductive film 13.

この電解電極デバイス1は、板状陰極14の表面から通水孔14a及びシート状通水孔13aへ水を受け入れる。また、電解電極デバイス1は、シート状通水孔13aの端部と板状陽極11との界面で発生したオゾンを含む水を通水孔14a及びシート状通水孔13aから送り出す。すなわち、通水孔14aの上面が受入面1Aとなり、電解電極デバイス1は、当該受入面1Aから水を受け入れて、送り出す。   The electrolytic electrode device 1 receives water from the surface of the plate-like cathode 14 into the water passage holes 14a and the sheet-like water passage holes 13a. Moreover, the electrolytic electrode device 1 sends out the water containing the ozone which generate | occur | produced in the interface of the edge part of the sheet-like water passage hole 13a, and the plate-shaped anode 11 from the water passage hole 14a and the sheet-like water passage hole 13a. That is, the upper surface of the water passage hole 14a becomes the receiving surface 1A, and the electrolytic electrode device 1 receives and sends out water from the receiving surface 1A.

配管2は、電解電極デバイス1に電解処理の対象となる水を供給する。配管2は、水を供給する開口を有する水供給流路を形成している。配管2は、アクリル等の非導電性の樹脂を用いた部材からなる。また、配管2の外周面の側面には板状陽極11と同じ幅10mm、長さ50mm程度のハウジング部(開口)が形成されている。   The pipe 2 supplies the electrolytic electrode device 1 with water to be subjected to electrolytic treatment. The pipe 2 forms a water supply channel having an opening for supplying water. The pipe 2 is made of a member using a nonconductive resin such as acrylic. A housing portion (opening) having a width of about 10 mm and a length of about 50 mm is formed on the side surface of the outer peripheral surface of the pipe 2.

配管2は、電解電極デバイス1を格納するための開口を有している。この開口は、水流入側配管部22及び水流出側配管部23によって形成されている。配管2は、水流入側配管部22と水流出側配管部23との間に電解電極デバイス1が格納される。   The pipe 2 has an opening for storing the electrolytic electrode device 1. This opening is formed by the water inflow side piping part 22 and the water outflow side piping part 23. In the piping 2, the electrolytic electrode device 1 is stored between the water inflow side piping portion 22 and the water outflow side piping portion 23.

配管2は、開口を形成する内壁に、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aが含まれるよう構成されている。また、電解電極デバイス1は、板状陰極14の上面が、水流入側2A及び水流出側2Bにおける水流入側配管部22及び水流出側配管部23の内壁と略同一面となっていてもよい。換言すれば、配管2は、水流入側配管部22と水流出側配管部23によって形成している開口に、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aを組み入れるよう構成されている。これによって、配管2の流路を形成する面の一部が、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aによって形成されている。   The pipe 2 is configured such that the inner wall forming the opening includes the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1. Further, in the electrolytic electrode device 1, even if the upper surface of the plate-like cathode 14 is substantially flush with the inner walls of the water inflow side piping portion 22 and the water outflow side piping portion 23 on the water inflow side 2A and the water outflow side 2B. Good. In other words, the pipe 2 is configured to incorporate the receiving surface 1 </ b> A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 in an opening formed by the water inflow side pipe part 22 and the water outflow side pipe part 23. Thereby, a part of the surface forming the flow path of the pipe 2 is formed by the receiving surface 1 </ b> A of the electrolytic electrode device 1.

電解電極デバイス1は、ハウジング15によって、配管2の内壁に受入面1Aが含まれるよう固定される。ハウジング15は、電解電極デバイス1を格納するものであり、アクリル等の非導電性の樹脂を用いた部材である。   The electrolytic electrode device 1 is fixed by the housing 15 so that the inner surface of the pipe 2 includes the receiving surface 1A. The housing 15 stores the electrolytic electrode device 1 and is a member using a nonconductive resin such as acrylic.

ハウジング15には、図4に示すようにつば部15aが形成されている。つば部15aに対向する配管面にはシール溝26が構成され、シール溝26にはシール材25が配設されている。つば部15aと配管2は締結材16により一体構成となる。ここで、配管2における開口の幅W1は、板状陰極14の幅W3よりも小さく、板状陽極11の幅W2よりも大きい。電解電極デバイス1は、図5に示すように、板状陽極11、導電性膜13、板状陰極14が積層させ、シール材25を介して締結材16によりハウジング15を配管2に取り付けて、一体化されている。   As shown in FIG. 4, a flange 15 a is formed in the housing 15. A seal groove 26 is formed on the pipe surface facing the flange portion 15 a, and a seal material 25 is disposed in the seal groove 26. The collar portion 15 a and the pipe 2 are integrally formed by the fastening material 16. Here, the width W 1 of the opening in the pipe 2 is smaller than the width W 3 of the plate-like cathode 14 and larger than the width W 2 of the plate-like anode 11. As shown in FIG. 5, the electrolytic electrode device 1 is formed by laminating a plate-like anode 11, a conductive film 13, and a plate-like cathode 14, and attaching a housing 15 to the pipe 2 with a fastening material 16 through a sealing material 25. It is integrated.

このような電解水生成装置は、上述したように、配管2の内壁に、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aが含まれている。これにより、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aが、水供給流路の開口を形成する配管2の内壁と略同一面となるよう電解電極デバイス1が設置されている。   In such an electrolyzed water generating apparatus, the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 is included in the inner wall of the pipe 2 as described above. Thereby, the electrolytic electrode device 1 is installed so that the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 is substantially flush with the inner wall of the pipe 2 that forms the opening of the water supply channel.

このように構成することによって、電解水生成装置は、図1及び図3に示すように、水流入側2Aにおける配管2の断面積A1と、水流入側2Aにおける電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aを含む配管2の断面積A2とが略同一となっている。同様に、電解水生成装置は、水流出側2Bにおける配管2の断面積A4と、水流出側2Bにおける電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aを含む配管2の断面積A4とが略同一となっている。すなわち、電解電極デバイス1の設置部における水流入側2Aの内壁面から、電解電極デバイス1の設置部における水流出側2Bの内壁面まで、水供給流路と直交する断面積が略同一である。   By configuring in this way, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 3, is a cross-sectional area A1 of the pipe 2 on the water inflow side 2A and a receiving surface 1A of the electrolyzed electrode device 1 on the water inflow side 2A. Is substantially the same as the cross-sectional area A2 of the pipe 2 including Similarly, in the electrolyzed water generating apparatus, the cross-sectional area A4 of the pipe 2 on the water outflow side 2B and the cross-sectional area A4 of the pipe 2 including the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 on the water outflow side 2B are substantially the same. Yes. That is, the cross-sectional area orthogonal to the water supply flow path is substantially the same from the inner wall surface of the water inflow side 2A in the installation portion of the electrolytic electrode device 1 to the inner wall surface of the water outflow side 2B in the installation portion of the electrolytic electrode device 1. .

以上のように構成された電解水生成装置についての動作、作用について説明する。   The operation and action of the electrolyzed water generating apparatus configured as described above will be described.

まず、電解電極デバイス1へ水を供給するために、配管2へ給水を開始する。   First, in order to supply water to the electrolytic electrode device 1, water supply to the pipe 2 is started.

電解電極デバイス1を水中に浸した状態で、電源部3により電解電極デバイス1の板状陽極11と板状陰極14との間に電圧を印加する。すると、電解電極デバイス1のシート状通水孔13a及び通水孔14a内の水中にて電解処理がなされ、オゾンが生成される。   With the electrolytic electrode device 1 immersed in water, a voltage is applied between the plate-like anode 11 and the plate-like cathode 14 of the electrolytic electrode device 1 by the power supply unit 3. Then, electrolytic treatment is performed in the water in the sheet-like water passage holes 13a and the water passage holes 14a of the electrolytic electrode device 1, and ozone is generated.

このとき、電解電極デバイス1に供給された水は、水流入側配管部22の水流入側2Aから電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aから流入し、オゾンが生成される電解電極デバイス1の表面を経由して、電解電極デバイス11受入面1Aから流出する。この流出した水は、水流出側配管部23の水流出側2Bを介して、配管2の開口から排出される。   At this time, the water supplied to the electrolysis electrode device 1 flows from the water inflow side 2A of the water inflow side piping section 22 from the receiving surface 1A of the electrolysis electrode device 1 to the surface of the electrolysis electrode device 1 where ozone is generated. Then, it flows out from the electrolytic electrode device 11 receiving surface 1A. The outflowed water is discharged from the opening of the pipe 2 through the water outflow side 2B of the water outflow side pipe section 23.

ここで、配管2の内壁に電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aが組み入れられているので、電解電極デバイス1の近傍の段差が小さくなっている。これにより、電解電極デバイス1へ供給する水が、配管2の水流入側2Aから水流の乱れなく電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aへ流入する。これにより、配管2内の水流が乱れることなく電解電極デバイス1に通水でき、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1A付近での滞留を回避できる。これにより、発生したオゾンが気泡に成長することを抑制して水流出側2Bから流出するオゾン水のオゾン濃度を向上させることができる。   Here, since the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 is incorporated in the inner wall of the pipe 2, the step in the vicinity of the electrolytic electrode device 1 is small. Thereby, the water supplied to the electrolytic electrode device 1 flows from the water inflow side 2A of the pipe 2 into the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 without disturbing the water flow. Thereby, the water flow in the pipe 2 can be passed through the electrolytic electrode device 1 without being disturbed, and the stay in the vicinity of the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 can be avoided. Thereby, ozone concentration which generate | occur | produced can be suppressed and the ozone concentration of the ozone water which flows out out of the water outflow side 2B can be improved.

比較例を挙げると、図11に示すように、配管2の内壁に電解電極デバイス1を取り付けた場合には、電解電極デバイス1の存在によって局所的に流量が変化し、水の流速が低くなる滞留部A,B,Cが発生する。このような滞留部A,B,Cが生ずると、当該滞留部A,B,Cにおいてはオゾン泡が大きくなる。したがって、オゾンが水に溶解せずに気泡となり水中から放出するために水中のオゾン濃度が低下する。これに対し、電解水生成装置は、図2に示したように滞留部の発生を抑制して、オゾン濃度の低下を抑制できる。   If a comparative example is given, as shown in FIG. 11, when the electrolytic electrode device 1 is attached to the inner wall of the pipe 2, the flow rate locally changes due to the presence of the electrolytic electrode device 1, and the flow rate of water becomes low. Residence parts A, B, and C are generated. When such staying portions A, B, and C occur, ozone bubbles increase in the staying portions A, B, and C. Therefore, ozone does not dissolve in water but becomes bubbles and is discharged from the water, so that the ozone concentration in the water decreases. On the other hand, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus can suppress the decrease in the ozone concentration by suppressing the generation of the staying portion as shown in FIG.

また、本実施形態における電解水生成装置は、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aにおける板状陰極14が、配管2と略同一面に形成している。これにより、配管2内の水流が乱れることなく電解電極デバイス1に通水できるので、水の滞留の発生を抑制してオゾン濃度を向上させることができる。   In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to the present embodiment, the plate-like cathode 14 on the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 is formed on substantially the same surface as the pipe 2. Thereby, since the water flow in the piping 2 can be passed through the electrolytic electrode device 1 without being disturbed, the occurrence of water retention can be suppressed and the ozone concentration can be improved.

更に、本実施形態における配管2は、水通過方向に鉛直方向の断面積が水流入側2Aの水流入側配管部22から、水流出側2Bの水流出側配管部23まで、断面積A1〜A4が略同一の構成となっている。これにより、配管2内の水流が乱れることなく電解電極デバイス1に通水できるので、水の滞留の発生を抑制してオゾン濃度を向上させることができる。   Furthermore, the pipe 2 in the present embodiment has a cross-sectional area in the vertical direction in the water passage direction from the water inflow side pipe part 22 on the water inflow side 2A to the water outflow side pipe part 23 on the water outflow side 2B. A4 has substantially the same configuration. Thereby, since the water flow in the piping 2 can be passed through the electrolytic electrode device 1 without being disturbed, the occurrence of water retention can be suppressed and the ozone concentration can be improved.

更にまた、電解水生成装置によれば、簡易的な構成で電解電極デバイス1を格納するハウジング15を配管の外側から固定することができる。これにより、電解水生成装置は、組み立て易く、メンテナンスが容易である。   Furthermore, according to the electrolyzed water generating apparatus, the housing 15 that houses the electrolytic electrode device 1 can be fixed from the outside of the pipe with a simple configuration. Thereby, an electrolyzed water generating apparatus is easy to assemble and maintenance is easy.

更にまた、電解水生成装置は、簡易的な構成で配管2の水漏れを抑制することができる。また、配管2における開口の一部を電解電極デバイス1の積層に用いることで簡易的な構成で水流の乱れを無くすことができる。   Furthermore, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus can suppress water leakage of the pipe 2 with a simple configuration. Further, by using a part of the opening in the pipe 2 for the lamination of the electrolytic electrode device 1, the disturbance of the water flow can be eliminated with a simple configuration.

つぎに、第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置について説明する。なお、第1実施形態と同様の部分については同一符号を付することにより省略する。   Below, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 2nd Embodiment is demonstrated. In addition, about the part similar to 1st Embodiment, it abbreviate | omits by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

図6は電解水生成装置の一部断面図を示す。図7は配管2内における水の流線を示す。図8は電解電極デバイス1の上面図を示す。   FIG. 6 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the electrolyzed water generating device. FIG. 7 shows water flow lines in the pipe 2. FIG. 8 shows a top view of the electrolytic electrode device 1.

第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置は、図6に示すように、電解電極デバイス1における板状陽極11の表面を、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aとする点で、第1実施形態とは異なる。すなわち、電解電極デバイス1において水の受け入れ及び送り出しをする受入面1Aとしての板状陽極11の表面が、配管2の開口を形成する内壁と略同一面としている。これにより、第2実施形態として示す電解水生成装置は、配管2の内壁に、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aが含まれているものとする。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the surface of the plate-like anode 11 in the electrolytic electrode device 1 is the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1, as shown in FIG. Is different. That is, the surface of the plate-like anode 11 as the receiving surface 1 </ b> A for receiving and feeding out water in the electrolytic electrode device 1 is substantially flush with the inner wall forming the opening of the pipe 2. Thereby, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 2nd Embodiment shall include the receiving surface 1A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 in the inner wall of the piping 2. FIG.

この電解水生成装置は、図7に示すように、水流入側2Aから電解電極デバイス1に流入した水が、受入面1Aとしての板状陽極11の表面を通過して、導電性膜13及び板状陰極14に到達する。この水のうち、板状陽極11と導電性膜13との界面において水の電気化学反応が生じ、オゾンが発生する。このオゾンは、受入面1Aとしての板状陽極11の表面から送り出されて、水流出側2B側に流れる過程で水に溶解する。   As shown in FIG. 7, in this electrolyzed water generating apparatus, the water flowing into the electrolytic electrode device 1 from the water inflow side 2A passes through the surface of the plate-like anode 11 as the receiving surface 1A, and the conductive film 13 and It reaches the plate-like cathode 14. Of this water, an electrochemical reaction of water occurs at the interface between the plate-like anode 11 and the conductive film 13, and ozone is generated. This ozone is sent out from the surface of the plate-like anode 11 as the receiving surface 1A and is dissolved in water in the process of flowing to the water outflow side 2B side.

このような電解水生成装置によれば、受入面1Aとしての板状陽極11の表面で生成したオゾンを乱れなく電解電極デバイス1から水流出側2Bに排出する。これにより、配管2内の水流の乱れをなくして電解電極デバイス1に通水できるので、水の滞留を回避し、オゾン濃度を向上させることができる。   According to such an electrolyzed water generating apparatus, ozone generated on the surface of the plate-like anode 11 as the receiving surface 1A is discharged from the electrolyzed electrode device 1 to the water outflow side 2B without being disturbed. Thereby, since disturbance of the water flow in the piping 2 can be eliminated and water can be passed through the electrolytic electrode device 1, retention of water can be avoided and the ozone concentration can be improved.

つぎに、第3実施形態として示す電解水生成装置について説明する。なお、上述した実施形態と同様の部分については同一符号を付することにより省略する。   Below, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as 3rd Embodiment is demonstrated. In addition, about the part similar to embodiment mentioned above, it abbreviate | omits by attaching | subjecting the same code | symbol.

図9は電解水生成装置の一部断面図を示す。図10は配管2内における水の流線を示す。   FIG. 9 shows a partial cross-sectional view of the electrolyzed water generating device. FIG. 10 shows water flow lines in the pipe 2.

第3実施形態として示す電解水生成装置は、図9に示すように、電解電極デバイス1の水流入側2Aのみで、板状陰極14の表面と配管2の水流入側配管部22とが略同一面に形成されている。   As shown in FIG. 9, the electrolyzed water generating apparatus shown as the third embodiment has only the water inflow side 2 </ b> A of the electrolysis electrode device 1, and the surface of the plate-like cathode 14 and the water inflow side piping portion 22 of the pipe 2 are substantially the same. They are formed on the same surface.

このような電解水生成装置は、第1実施形態と同様に、電解電極デバイス1に供給された水が、水流入側配管部22の水流入側2Aから電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aに流入する。この水の一部は、板状陽極11と導電性膜13との界面を経由して、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1Aから流出する。この流出した水は、水流出側配管部23の水流出側2Bを介して、配管2の開口から排出される。   In such an electrolyzed water generating apparatus, as in the first embodiment, the water supplied to the electrolyzed electrode device 1 flows into the receiving surface 1A of the electrolyzed electrode device 1 from the water inflow side 2A of the water inflow side piping section 22. To do. A part of this water flows out from the receiving surface 1 </ b> A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 through the interface between the plate-like anode 11 and the conductive film 13. The outflowed water is discharged from the opening of the pipe 2 through the water outflow side 2B of the water outflow side pipe section 23.

このような電解水生成装置でも、配管2内の水流が乱れることなく電解電極デバイス1に通水でき、電解電極デバイス1の受入面1A付近での滞留を回避できる。これにより、発生したオゾンが気泡に成長することを抑制して水流出側2Bから流出するオゾン水のオゾン濃度を向上させることができる。   Even in such an electrolyzed water generating apparatus, water can be passed through the electrolytic electrode device 1 without disturbing the water flow in the pipe 2, and stagnation in the vicinity of the receiving surface 1 </ b> A of the electrolytic electrode device 1 can be avoided. Thereby, ozone concentration which generate | occur | produced can be suppressed and the ozone concentration of the ozone water which flows out out of the water outflow side 2B can be improved.

なお、上述の実施の形態は本発明の一例である。このため、本発明は、上述の実施形態に限定されることはなく、この実施の形態以外であっても、本発明に係る技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲であれば、設計等に応じて種々の変更が可能であることは勿論である。   The above-described embodiment is an example of the present invention. For this reason, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made depending on the design and the like as long as the technical idea according to the present invention is not deviated from this embodiment. Of course, it is possible to change.

上述した実施形態の電解水生成装置は、板状陽極11と板状陰極14が同一の配管2内に配置されるものであるが、板状陽極11と板状陰極14が導電性膜13と介して2室に分離される構成であってもよい。また、電解水生成装置は、電解水としてオゾンを生成するが、板状陰極14と導電性膜13の界面で発生する水素であっても、水素濃度を向上できる。   In the electrolyzed water generating apparatus of the above-described embodiment, the plate-like anode 11 and the plate-like cathode 14 are arranged in the same pipe 2, but the plate-like anode 11 and the plate-like cathode 14 are connected to the conductive film 13. The structure separated into two chambers may be sufficient. The electrolyzed water generating device generates ozone as electrolyzed water, but even if hydrogen is generated at the interface between the plate cathode 14 and the conductive film 13, the hydrogen concentration can be improved.

1 電解電極デバイス
1A 受入面
2 配管
11 板状陽極
13 導電性膜
14 板状陰極
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolytic electrode device 1A Accepting surface 2 Piping 11 Plate-shaped anode 13 Conductive film 14 Plate-shaped cathode

Claims (3)

陽極、導電性膜、陰極の順に積層してなり、前記導電性膜と前記陽極との界面の少なくとも一部が水と接触するように構成され、受入面から供給された水に電解処理をし、当該受入面から当該電解処理をした水を送り出す電解電極デバイスと、
前記電解電極デバイスによって電解処理の対象となる水を供給する開口を有する流路を形成し、当該開口を形成する内壁に、前記電解電極デバイスの受入面が組み入れられている配管と
を有することを特徴とする電解水生成装置。
An anode, a conductive film, and a cathode are laminated in this order, and at least part of the interface between the conductive film and the anode is in contact with water, and the electrolytic treatment is performed on the water supplied from the receiving surface. , An electrolytic electrode device for sending out the water subjected to the electrolytic treatment from the receiving surface;
Forming a flow path having an opening for supplying water to be subjected to electrolytic treatment by the electrolytic electrode device, and having a pipe in which a receiving surface of the electrolytic electrode device is incorporated in an inner wall forming the opening. A characteristic electrolyzed water generating device.
前記電解電極デバイスの受入面が、前記配管の開口を形成する内壁と略同一面となるよう前記電解電極デバイスが設置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電解水生成装置。   The electrolyzed water generating apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the electrolytic electrode device is installed such that a receiving surface of the electrolytic electrode device is substantially flush with an inner wall that forms an opening of the pipe. 前記配管は、前記電解電極デバイスの水流入側における内壁から、前記電解電極デバイスの水流出側における内壁まで、前記開口と直交する断面積が略同一であることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の電解水生成装置。   2. The pipe according to claim 1, wherein the piping has substantially the same cross-sectional area from the inner wall on the water inflow side of the electrolytic electrode device to the inner wall on the water outflow side of the electrolytic electrode device. Item 3. The electrolyzed water generating device according to Item 2.
JP2013050052A 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Electrolyzed water generator Active JP6037282B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013050052A JP6037282B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Electrolyzed water generator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2013050052A JP6037282B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Electrolyzed water generator

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2014172035A true JP2014172035A (en) 2014-09-22
JP6037282B2 JP6037282B2 (en) 2016-12-07

Family

ID=51693873

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2013050052A Active JP6037282B2 (en) 2013-03-13 2013-03-13 Electrolyzed water generator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP6037282B2 (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2018012105A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-25 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Electrolytic liquid generator, liquid modification device with electrolytic liquid generator or electrical machine using electrolytic liquid generated by electrolytic liquid generator
US10464830B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-11-05 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Electrolytic liquid generating device, liquid modifying device provided with electrolytic liquid generating device, and electric apparatus using electrolytic liquid generated by means of electrolytic liquid generating device
CN112334603A (en) * 2018-07-13 2021-02-05 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Electrolytic liquid generating apparatus

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001252666A (en) * 2000-03-10 2001-09-18 Toto Ltd Continuous electrolytic cell and closet stool sterilizing device
JP2007283180A (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-11-01 Ozotech:Kk Ozone water generator and ozone water generation method
WO2011145804A2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-24 주식회사 이온팜스 Apparatus for producing ion water
JP2012012695A (en) * 2010-07-05 2012-01-19 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd Electrolytic electrode unit and electrolytic water generator using the same

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001252666A (en) * 2000-03-10 2001-09-18 Toto Ltd Continuous electrolytic cell and closet stool sterilizing device
JP2007283180A (en) * 2006-04-14 2007-11-01 Ozotech:Kk Ozone water generator and ozone water generation method
WO2011145804A2 (en) * 2010-05-17 2011-11-24 주식회사 이온팜스 Apparatus for producing ion water
JP2012012695A (en) * 2010-07-05 2012-01-19 Panasonic Electric Works Co Ltd Electrolytic electrode unit and electrolytic water generator using the same

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10464830B2 (en) 2014-09-26 2019-11-05 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Electrolytic liquid generating device, liquid modifying device provided with electrolytic liquid generating device, and electric apparatus using electrolytic liquid generated by means of electrolytic liquid generating device
EP3918971A1 (en) * 2014-09-26 2021-12-08 Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. Electrolytic liquid generating device, liquid modifying device provided with electrolytic liquid generating device, and electric apparatus using electrolytic liquid generated by means of electrolytic liquid generating device
JP2018012105A (en) * 2017-08-30 2018-01-25 パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 Electrolytic liquid generator, liquid modification device with electrolytic liquid generator or electrical machine using electrolytic liquid generated by electrolytic liquid generator
CN112334603A (en) * 2018-07-13 2021-02-05 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Electrolytic liquid generating apparatus
CN112334603B (en) * 2018-07-13 2024-04-05 松下知识产权经营株式会社 Electrolytic liquid generating device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP6037282B2 (en) 2016-12-07

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
KR102089475B1 (en) Electrolytic liquid generating device
JP5427129B2 (en) Electrolytic electrode unit and electrolyzed water generating apparatus using the same
JP6210418B2 (en) ELECTROLYTIC LIQUID GENERATOR, ELECTRICAL DEVICE USING ELECTROLYTIC LIQUID PRODUCED BY LIQUID MODIFICATION APPARATUS OR ELECTROLYTIC LIQUID GENERATOR
JP6257846B1 (en) Electrolyzed water generator
JP6187861B2 (en) Electrolytic electrode device and electrolyzed water generating apparatus comprising the electrolytic electrode device
JP6037282B2 (en) Electrolyzed water generator
JP2015174085A (en) Electrolytic water generator
CN106103805A (en) Electrolysis unit and electrode
JP2018095903A (en) Diamond electrode, method for producing diamond electrode, and electrolyzed water generator
JP6345005B2 (en) Ammonia electrosynthesis system
JP6037285B2 (en) Electrolyzed water generator
JP2013076151A (en) Electrolytic cell and electrolytic bath
JPWO2018020567A1 (en) Hydrogen-containing water generator
JP6403052B2 (en) Electrode unit for electrolysis
JP6599411B2 (en) Electrolytic cell and electrode plate for electrolytic cell
JP6755588B2 (en) Two-chamber electrolyzer
JP2014172029A (en) Electrolytic water generator
KR20200007709A (en) Electrolytic liquid generating device
JP6952246B2 (en) Gas generator and gas generation method
JP2008229504A (en) Organic matter decomposing filter and organic matter decomposing method
JP2017018916A (en) Electrolytic cell and electrolytic water generator
JP6220957B1 (en) Diamond electrode, method for producing diamond electrode, and electrolyzed water generating apparatus
JP5791841B1 (en) Ozone water production equipment
JP2015120944A (en) Electrolysis cell and electrolysis tank
JP2018012105A (en) Electrolytic liquid generator, liquid modification device with electrolytic liquid generator or electrical machine using electrolytic liquid generated by electrolytic liquid generator

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20160107

A711 Notification of change in applicant

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A711

Effective date: 20160224

RD03 Notification of appointment of power of attorney

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A7423

Effective date: 20160303

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20160712

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20160713

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20160902

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20160927

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20161021

R151 Written notification of patent or utility model registration

Ref document number: 6037282

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151