JP2013076151A - Electrolytic cell and electrolytic bath - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrolytic cell that has a uniformed concentration distribution of an electrolytic solution during electrolyzation, suppresses vibrations caused by pressure fluctuation therein and can stably perform electrolyzation without damaging an ion-exchange membrane, and to provide an electrolytic bath.SOLUTION: The electrolytic cell 1 includes: an anode chamber 10; a cathode chamber 20; a partition wall 30 disposed between the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20; an anode side gasket 40 disposed at a surface of a frame body constituting the anode chamber and having a first opening; and a cathode side gasket 50 disposed at a surface of a frame body constituting the cathode chamber and having a second opening, wherein each of the members is arranged so as to satisfy a predetermined positional relationship with the other members.

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic cell.

  Alkali metal salt electrolysis (hereinafter referred to as “electrolysis”) is a method for producing high concentrations of alkali metal hydroxide, hydrogen, chlorine, etc. by electrolyzing an aqueous solution of alkali metal chloride such as saline. is there. As the method, electrolysis by a mercury method or a diaphragm method can be mentioned, but in recent years, an ion exchange membrane method with high power efficiency is mainly used. In the ion exchange membrane method, electrolysis is performed using an electrolytic cell in which a large number of electrolytic cells each including an anode and a cathode are arranged via an ion exchange membrane. The electrolysis cell has a structure in which a cathode chamber frame to which a cathode is attached and an anode chamber frame to which an anode is attached are arranged back to back via a partition wall (back plate).

  In electrolysis, an alkali metal chloride aqueous solution is supplied to the anode, an alkali metal hydroxide or water is supplied to the cathode, and electrolysis is performed to generate chlorine gas at the anode, and alkali metal hydroxide or Generate hydrogen gas.

  In this electrolysis, if the electrolyte or product liquid and product gas are extracted from the upper part of the electrolysis cell in the gas-liquid mixed phase, vibration due to pressure fluctuations in the electrolysis cell occurs and the ion exchange membrane is physically damaged. There is.

  In order to prevent this, the electrolysis cell is usually provided with a gas-liquid separation chamber that allows the gas-liquid to be separated and discharged. However, when the gas-liquid separation chamber is arranged in the electrolysis cell to prevent vibration, the product gas tends to stay in the upper part of the electrolysis cell, and the ion exchange membrane is partially damaged by the product gas. There's a problem.

Various studies have been made to suppress breakage and damage of the ion exchange membrane.
Patent Document 1 proposes that a gas-liquid separation chamber is arranged in an electrolysis cell and a porous body bubble erasing plate is installed on the upper portion to suppress vibration in the electrolysis cell.

JP 2001-066473 A

Normal electrolysis is electrolysis at a current density of about 4 kA / m ² is performed, it is required to perform a stable even electrolysis at high current densities such as 6~10kA / m ^2. This is because a large amount of caustic soda can be produced in a short time when electrolysis is performed at a high current.

  However, when electrolysis is performed at a high current density, the consumption of the electrolyte solution is accelerated in the anode chamber, and the generation of the product solution is accelerated in the cathode chamber, so that there is a problem that the concentration distribution in the anode chamber and the cathode chamber tends to be non-uniform. . Furthermore, since the amount of generated gas increases, there is a problem that vibration is likely to occur, the ratio of bubbles contained in the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell increases, and gas is further retained in the upper part of the electrolytic cell. There is also a problem that damage to the ion exchange membrane is accelerated. In particular, since chlorine is generated on the anode side of the electrolytic cell, damage to the ion exchange membrane due to chlorine becomes a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution is uniform during electrolysis, suppresses vibration due to pressure fluctuation in the electrolytic cell, and is stable without damaging the ion exchange membrane. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic cell that can perform electrolysis.

  As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors configure the anode chamber, the cathode chamber, a partition wall disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and the anode chamber. An electrolysis comprising: an anode side gasket having a first opening disposed on the surface of the frame; and a cathode side gasket having a second opening disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber. In the cell, an anode chamber having a specific structure and a cathode chamber having a specific structure, and by arranging the members constituting these in a specific positional relationship, the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution during electrolysis can be obtained. The present inventors have found that it is uniform, can suppress vibration due to pressure fluctuation in the electrolytic cell, and can stably perform electrolysis without damaging the ion exchange membrane, thereby completing the present invention.

That is, the present invention is as follows.
[1]
An anode chamber;
A cathode chamber;
A partition wall disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber;
An anode side gasket having a first opening, disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the anode chamber;
A cathode-side gasket having a second opening disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber;
With
The anode chamber is disposed above the anode, an anode-side electrolyte supply unit that is disposed inside the inner wall of the anode chamber, and supplies an electrolyte to the anode chamber; and the anode-side electrolyte supply unit, A baffle plate disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the partition wall, and an anode-side gas-liquid separation unit that is disposed above the baffle plate and separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with gas,
The cathode chamber is disposed above the cathode, a cathode-side electrolyte supply unit that supplies an electrolyte to the cathode chamber, and is disposed inside an inner wall of the cathode chamber. A cathode-side gas-liquid separator that separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator is 2 to 5 mm,
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator is 2 to 5 mm,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket is located at or above the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket is located at or below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part, and the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket; The distance from the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part is 15 mm or less,
The distance between the upper end of the baffle plate and the lower end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator is 30 to 100 mm,
The distance between the lower end of the baffle plate and the upper end of the anode chamber liquid supply unit is 20 to 150 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate and the anode is 5 to 15 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate and the partition is 20 to 30 mm.
Electrolytic cell.
[2]
The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit and the anode is 3 to 7 mm,
The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit and the partition wall is 2 to 6 mm,
A distance between the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit and the cathode is 6.5 to 10.5 mm;
The electrolytic cell according to [1], wherein a distance between the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit and the partition is 2 to 6 mm.
[3]
The anode side gas-liquid separator is
A storage chamber for storing the electrolyte mixed with the gas and separating the gas and the electrolyte;
A third opening for discharging the separated gas from the storage chamber;
The electrolytic cell according to [1] or [2].
[4]
The cathode side gas-liquid separator is
A storage chamber for storing the electrolyte mixed with the gas and separating the gas and the electrolyte;
A fourth opening for discharging the separated gas from the storage chamber;
The electrolytic cell according to any one of [1] to [3].
[5]
The electrolytic cell according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the baffle plate is provided along a width direction of the anode chamber.
[6]
The anode-side electrolyte supply unit is a pipe having a fifth opening that is arranged along the width direction of the anode chamber and supplies the electrolyte to the anode chamber. [1] to [5] Electrolysis cell as described in any one of these.
[7]
The cathode-side electrolyte supply unit is a pipe having a sixth opening that is disposed along the width direction of the cathode chamber and supplies the electrolyte to the cathode chamber. [1] to [6] Electrolysis cell as described in any one of these.
[8]
A plurality of the electrolytic cells according to any one of [1] to [7] arranged in series;
An ion exchange membrane disposed between adjacent electrolysis cells;
A bipolar electrolytic cell comprising at least

  According to the electrolytic cell of the present invention, the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution is uniform during electrolysis, vibration due to pressure fluctuation in the electrolytic cell is suppressed, and stable electrolysis is performed without damaging the ion exchange membrane. be able to.

It is a sectional side view of 1st Embodiment of the electrolysis cell of this embodiment. It is a front view of the electrolysis cell of the embodiment. It is a fragmentary sectional side view which shows the state which connected the electrolytic cell of the same embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows arrangement | positioning of each site | part which comprises the electrolytic cell of the embodiment. It is a cross-sectional schematic diagram which shows the flow of the electrolyte solution at the time of electrolysis of the electrolytic cell of the embodiment. It is a sectional side view of 2nd Embodiment of the electrolysis cell of this embodiment. It is a front view of the electrolytic cell of this embodiment. It is a schematic perspective view which shows the state in the middle of assembling the electrolytic cell of the embodiment. It is a front view which shows the measurement location of the salt water concentration measurement performed in the present Example.

  Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “the present embodiment”) will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as necessary. The following embodiments are examples for explaining the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention to the following contents. The accompanying drawings show an example of the embodiment, and the form is not construed as being limited thereto. The present invention can be appropriately modified within the scope of the invention. In the drawings, the same elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. Further, the positional relationship such as up, down, left and right is based on the positional relationship shown in the drawings unless otherwise specified, and the dimensional ratio in the drawing is not limited to the illustrated ratio. Furthermore, in the present specification, the term “abbreviated” indicates the meaning of the term excluding the “abbreviation” within the scope of technical common knowledge of those skilled in the art, Shall also be included.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a first embodiment of the electrolysis cell of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the electrolysis cell of the same embodiment. The electrolysis cell 1 of this embodiment is disposed on the surface of a frame body that constitutes the anode chamber 10, the cathode chamber 20, the partition wall 30 disposed between the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20, and the anode chamber. An anode side gasket 40 having a first opening, and a cathode side gasket 50 having a second opening disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber,
The anode chamber 10 includes an anode 102, an anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 that supplies an electrolyte solution to the anode chamber 10, and an anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 that is disposed inside the inner wall of the anode chamber 10. A baffle plate 108 disposed above and disposed substantially parallel to the partition wall 30, and an anode-side gas-liquid disposed above the baffle plate 108 and separating the gas from the electrolyte mixed with gas. A separation unit 106,
The cathode chamber 20 includes a cathode 202, a cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204 that is disposed inside the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20, and supplies an electrolyte to the cathode chamber 20, and a cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204. A cathode-side gas-liquid separation unit 206 disposed above and separating the gas from the electrolyte mixed with gas,
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 2 to 5 mm,
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separator 206 is 2 to 5 mm,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket 40 is located at the same level as or higher than the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is located at the same level as or lower than the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206 and the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 And a distance from the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation unit 206 is 15 mm or less,
The distance between the upper end of the baffle plate 108 and the lower end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 30 to 100 mm,
The distance between the lower end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is 20 to 150 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 is 5 to 15 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the partition wall 30 is 20 to 30 mm.
Electrolytic cell. By using the electrolytic cell having such a configuration, the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution during electrolysis is uniform, vibration due to pressure fluctuation in the electrolytic cell is suppressed, and the generated gas does not stay locally in the electrolytic cell. Electrolysis can be performed stably without damaging the ion exchange membrane.

  In this embodiment, electrolysis can be performed by connecting the anode side of the electrolysis cell 1 and the cathode side of the other electrolysis cell 1 via a cation exchange membrane. FIG. 3 is a partial side cross-sectional view showing a state where the electrolytic cell of the first embodiment is connected. As shown in FIG. 3, the cation exchange membrane 2 is connected so as to be sandwiched between the anode side gasket 40 of the electrolysis cell 1a and the cathode side gasket 50 of the other electrolysis cell 1b. That is, it can be set as the bipolar electrolytic tank which can electrolyze by connecting the electrolysis cells 1a and 1b in series.

  Hereinafter, each member which comprises the electrolytic cell 1 is demonstrated. In the electrolytic cell 1 of the present embodiment, a partition wall 30 is disposed between the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20, and an anode side gasket 40 is disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the anode chamber 10. A cathode side gasket 50 is disposed on the surface of the frame constituting 20. In the present embodiment, the cathode is provided in the cathode chamber frame. The cathode may be mounted on a current collector plate in the cathode chamber frame, and may have a mat between the current collector plate and the cathode.

<Anode chamber>
The anode chamber 10 is disposed above the anode 102, the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 that supplies the electrolyte to the anode chamber 10, and the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104, which are disposed inside the inner wall of the anode chamber 10. The baffle plate 108 is disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the partition wall 30, and the anode side gas-liquid separator 106 is disposed above the baffle plate 108 and separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with the gas.

(anode)
An anode 102 is provided in the frame of the anode chamber 10. As the anode 102, a metal electrode such as a so-called DSA in which the surface of a titanium base material is coated with an oxide containing ruthenium or iridium as a component can be used.

(Anode-side electrolyte supply unit)
The anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 supplies an electrolyte to the anode chamber 10, and the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is disposed below the inside of the anode chamber 10. As the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104, for example, a pipe (dispersion pipe) having an opening on the surface can be used. As such a pipe, an electrolytic solution arranged along the width direction of the anode chamber 10 (corresponding to the vertical direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1 and corresponding to the left-right direction of the paper surface in FIG. 2) is supplied to the anode chamber 10. It is preferable that the pipe has an opening. By connecting this pipe to the anode side liquid supply nozzle 110 that supplies the electrolytic solution into the electrolytic cell 1, the electrolytic solution supplied from the anode side liquid supply nozzle 110 is conveyed into the electrolytic cell 1, and the surface of the pipe It can supply to the inside of the anode chamber 10 from the opening part provided in this. Disposing the pipe along the width direction of the anode chamber 10 is preferable because the electrolyte can be supplied uniformly into the anode chamber 10.

  When the above-described dispersion pipe is used as the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104, the inner diameter is not particularly limited, but is preferably 20 to 30 mm from the viewpoint of reducing pressure loss and supplying the solution uniformly in the lateral direction. . The dispersion pipe is preferably disposed along the width direction of the electrolysis cell 1. Moreover, the larger the cross-sectional area of the dispersion pipe, the more the pressure loss in the dispersion pipe can be suppressed, and the flow rate of the electrolytic solution can be maintained more uniformly. From this viewpoint, the inner diameter of the dispersion pipe in the anode chamber 10 is preferably 20 to 30 mm, and more preferably 22 to 28 mm.

(Anode-side gas-liquid separator)
The anode side gas-liquid separator 106 is disposed above the baffle plate 108. During electrolysis, the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 has a function of separating a generated gas such as chlorine gas and the electrolytic solution. Unless otherwise specified, in the electrolysis cell 1, “upper” means the upper direction in FIG. 1, and “lower” means the lower direction in FIG. 1.

  During electrolysis, when the product gas and electrolyte generated in the electrolytic cell 1 become a mixed phase (gas-liquid mixed phase) and are discharged out of the system, vibration is generated due to pressure fluctuations inside the electrolytic cell 1, and the physical properties of the ion exchange membrane are generated. May cause damage. In order to suppress this, the electrolytic cell 1 of the present embodiment is provided with an anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 for separating gas and liquid. The anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 is preferably provided with a defoaming plate for eliminating bubbles. When the gas-liquid mixed phase flow passes through the defoaming plate, the bubbles are repelled, so that the electrolyte and gas can be separated. As a result, vibration during electrolysis can be prevented.

  As the defoaming plate, for example, expanded metal, punching metal punched with a hole such as a round shape or a square shape, a wire mesh, a wire mesh, and a foam metal can be used. In addition, as long as the material is durable to chlorine and caustic soda, it may be made of plastic or ceramic and have the same shape. The opening ratio of the defoaming plate can be usually used in the range of 10 to 80%, but from the viewpoint of pressure loss and bubble elimination, it is preferably in the range of 30 to 70%, more preferably in the range of 40 to 70%. It is. Here, the aperture ratio is the ratio of the area of the portion opened on the surface of the defoaming plate to the area of the defoaming plate. If the thickness of the defoaming plate is usually in the range of 0.1 to 5 mm, the pressure loss is small and a sufficient bubble erasing effect is obtained.

  Furthermore, the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is disposed inside the electrolytic cell 1, so that the strength of the electrolytic cell 1 is improved. In particular, the strength of the upper part of the peripheral edge (seal surface) in the opening of the anode chamber 10 (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “upper seal surface”) is improved.

  When the anode-side gas / liquid separator 106 is disposed at the upper part outside the electrolysis cell 1, a plate is required to separate the anode chamber 10 from the anode-side gas / liquid separator 106 located above the anode chamber 10. In this case, since the plate retains the strength of the upper seal surface, the upper seal surface is easily bent. As a result, the upper part of the anode side gasket 40 easily jumps out (is easily displaced) from the electrolysis cell 1. In the electrolysis cell 1 of the present embodiment, since the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 is disposed inside the electrolysis cell 1, the strength of the upper seal surface is improved and the anode-side gasket 40 does not jump out or shift. Electrolysis can be performed stably.

  Further, when the anode side gas-liquid separation unit 106 is arranged on the upper part outside the electrolysis cell 1, it is necessary for an ion exchange membrane having an area sufficient to cover up to a place where the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 is arranged. Since the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is disposed inside the electrolytic cell 1, the area utilization factor of the ion exchange membrane is improved.

  The upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 and the upper end surface of the anode-side gas / liquid separator 106 are substantially parallel, and the upper portion of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the upper surface of the cathode-side gas / liquid separator 206 are substantially parallel. Preferably they are arranged. With this arrangement, the electrolyte flows between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 (cathode chamber 20) and the upper end surface of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 (cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206). Is constant, so that the internal circulation can be efficiently performed, and as a result, pressure vibration can be prevented. In addition, the strength of the upper seal surface can be further improved.

  The anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 includes an opening 1064 for separating the electrolyte mixed with gas, a storage chamber 1062 for discharging the separated gas and the electrolyte from the electrolytic cell, and a discharge port for discharging the electrolyte. 1066. The opening 1064 can erase bubbles (gas dissolved in the electrolyte) in the electrolyte, and specifically, a defoaming plate is preferably used. The electrolyte mixed with gas is separated at the opening 1064, enters the storage chamber 1062, and is discharged out of the electrolytic cell 1 through the discharge port 1066 (see FIG. 5). The storage chamber 1062 is formed along the width direction of the electrolytic cell 1 and is connected to a discharge port 1066 for discharging the electrolytic solution and gas from the electrolytic cell 1.

  As the opening 1064, for example, a device provided with a plurality of fine holes can be used. The opening 1064 is preferably provided on the upper surface of the storage chamber 1062 so that the gas mixed in the electrolytic solution in the storage chamber 1062 can easily escape upward.

  The discharge port 1066 is preferably installed below the storage chamber 1062. Thereby, the electrolytic solution can be discharged immediately.

(Baffle plate)
The baffle plate 108 is disposed above the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and is disposed substantially parallel to the partition wall 30. The baffle plate 108 is a partition plate that controls the flow of the electrolytic solution in the anode chamber 10. By providing the baffle plate 108, an electrolytic solution (salt water or the like) is internally circulated in the anode chamber 10, and the concentration thereof can be made uniform. In order to cause internal circulation, the baffle plate is preferably disposed so as to separate the space near the anode 102 and the space near the partition wall 30. From this point of view, the baffle plate 108 is preferably provided along the width direction of the anode chamber 10 (corresponding to the vertical direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1 and corresponding to the horizontal direction of the paper surface in FIG. 2). In the space in the vicinity of the anode partitioned by the baffle plate, the electrolytic solution concentration (salt water concentration) decreases due to the progress of electrolysis, and product gas such as chlorine gas is generated. Thereby, a specific gravity difference between the liquid and the liquid is produced between the space near the anode 102 partitioned by the baffle plate 108 and the space near the partition wall 30. By utilizing this, the internal circulation of the electrolytic solution in the anode chamber 10 can be promoted, and the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution in the anode chamber 10 can be made more uniform.

  Although not shown, a current collector plate may be separately provided inside the anode chamber 10. Such a current collector plate may be made of the same material and configuration as the current collector plate 208 of the cathode chamber described later. In the anode chamber 10, the anode 102 itself can function as a current collector plate.

<Cathode room>
The cathode chamber 20 is disposed above the cathode 202, the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit 204 that supplies the electrolyte in the cathode chamber 20, and the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit 204. A cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 that separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with the gas. The cathode chamber 20 has a configuration in which a cathode-side gas-liquid separation unit 206 is disposed above the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit 204. In addition, about each part which comprises the cathode chamber 20, what can take the structure similar to each part which comprises the anode chamber 10 abbreviate | omits the description.

(cathode)
A cathode 202 is provided in the frame of the cathode chamber 20. Examples of the cathode 202 include a cathode coated with nickel, nickel oxide, an alloy of nickel and tin, activated carbon and oxide, ruthenium oxide, platinum, and the like on a nickel base material. Examples of the manufacturing method include alloy plating, dispersion / composite plating, thermal decomposition, thermal spraying, and combinations thereof.

  In the cathode chamber 20, a current collector plate 208 is disposed along the side surface of the cathode chamber 20 in order to enhance the current collecting effect of the cathode 202. As the current collector plate 208, a known one can be used, and it is preferable that the current collector plate 208 is made of a highly conductive metal.

(Cathode-side electrolyte supply unit)
The cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204 supplies the electrolyte solution to the cathode chamber 20 and can have the same configuration as the anode side electrolyte supply unit 104. In addition, when using an above-mentioned dispersion | distribution pipe as the cathode side electrolyte supply part 204, the internal diameter is although it does not specifically limit, It is 5-15 mm from a viewpoint of reducing pressure loss and supplying a liquid uniformly in a horizontal direction. Is preferable, and it is more preferable that it is 6-14 mm. Similar to the anode chamber 10, the dispersion pipe of the cathode chamber 20 is preferably arranged along the width direction of the electrolysis cell 1. For example, an opening close to the cathode-side liquid supply nozzle 210 and a cathode-side liquid supply nozzle There may be an opening far from 210. In this case, by controlling the amount of the electrolyte flowing through each opening to be equal, it corresponds to the width direction of the electrolytic cell 1 (corresponding to the vertical direction of the paper surface in FIG. 1 and in the left-right direction of the paper surface in FIG. 2). The distribution of the concentration can be maintained more uniformly. Moreover, the larger the cross-sectional area of the dispersion pipe, the more the pressure loss in the dispersion pipe can be suppressed, and the flow rate of the electrolyte can be maintained more uniformly. From this viewpoint and the viewpoint that the cathode chamber 20 is usually designed to be smaller than the anode chamber 10, the inner diameter of the dispersion pipe in the cathode chamber 20 is preferably 5 to 15 mm.

(Cathode side gas-liquid separator)
The cathode side gas-liquid separation unit 206 is disposed above the cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204. Similar to the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106, the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 has an opening 2064 for separating the electrolyte mixed with gas, and for discharging the separated gas and electrolyte from the electrolytic cell. It is preferable to have a storage chamber 2062 and a discharge port 2066 for discharging the electrolytic solution. In the cathode-side gas-liquid separation unit 206, when the gas-liquid mixed phase flow passes through the opening 2064, bubbles are repelled, so that the electrolyte and gas can be separated. As a result, vibration during electrolysis can be prevented.

  By disposing the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206 in the electrolysis cell 1, the strength of the electrolysis cell 1 is improved. In particular, the upper part (upper seal surface) of the peripheral part (seal surface) in the opening of the cathode chamber 20. ) Is improved.

  The cathode-side gas-liquid separation unit 206 preferably includes an opening 2064 for separating the electrolyte mixed with gas and a storage chamber 2062 for discharging the separated gas and electrolyte from the electrolytic cell. The electrolyte mixed with gas is separated at the opening 2064, enters the storage chamber 2062, and is discharged out of the electrolytic cell 1. The storage chamber 2062 is formed along the width direction of the electrolytic cell 1 and is connected to a discharge port 2066 for discharging the electrolytic solution and gas from the electrolytic cell 1.

  As the opening 2064, for example, one having a plurality of fine holes can be used. As with the anode chamber 106, it is preferable to use a defoaming plate for eliminating bubbles. Thereby, vibration in the electrolytic cell can be further suppressed. The opening 2064 is preferably provided on the upper surface of the storage chamber 2062. Thereafter, the electrolytic solution is discharged from the discharge port 2066 to the outside of the electrolytic cell 1.

<Partition wall>
The partition wall 30 is disposed between the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20. The partition wall 30 is sometimes referred to as a separator, and partitions the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20. As the partition wall 30, a known separator for electrolysis can be used. The partition wall etc. which welded the plate which consists of nickel and a titanium on the anode side are mentioned.

<Anode side gasket, cathode side gasket>
The anode side gasket 40 is disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the anode chamber 10, and the cathode side gasket 50 is disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber 20 (hereinafter referred to as anode side gasket and cathode side). Gaskets are sometimes collectively referred to simply as “gaskets”). In use, the anode-side gasket 40 and the cathode-side gasket 50 of another electrolytic cell are connected so as to sandwich the ion exchange membrane 2 (see FIG. 3). These gaskets can impart the airtightness of the connection portions when connecting the electrolytic cells 1 a and 1 b via the ion exchange membrane 2.

  In the present embodiment, the gasket seals between the ion exchange membrane and the electrolysis cell, and examples thereof include a frame-like rubber sheet having an opening formed in the center. Gaskets are required to be resistant to corrosive electrolytes and generated gases and to be usable for a long period of time. Accordingly, from the viewpoint of chemical resistance and hardness, vulcanized products of ethylene / propylene / diene rubber (EPDM rubber), ethylene / propylene rubber (EPM rubber), peroxide cross-linked products, and the like are usually used. If necessary, use a gasket in which the area in contact with the liquid (liquid contact portion) is covered with a fluororesin such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) or tetrafluoroethylene / perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer (PFA). You can also. These gaskets only have to have openings so as not to hinder the flow of the electrolyte solution, and the shape thereof is not particularly limited. For example, a frame-shaped gasket can be attached with an adhesive or the like along the periphery of the opening of the anode chamber frame constituting the anode chamber 10 or the cathode chamber frame constituting the cathode chamber 20. And when connecting the two electrolytic cells 1a and 1b via the ion exchange membrane 2 (see FIG. 2), it is only necessary to tighten the electrolytic cells 1a and 1b attached with gaskets via the ion exchange membrane 2. . Thereby, it can prevent that the electrolyte solution, the alkali metal hydroxide produced | generated by electrolysis, chlorine gas, hydrogen gas, etc. leak outside the electrolysis cell 1a, 1b.

<Position relationship>
The electrolytic cell of the present embodiment can promote the flow of the electrolytic solution, the generated solution, and the generated gas even when electrolysis is performed at a high current density by setting each component member in a specific positional relationship. Normally, gas such as chlorine generated by electrolysis is mixed in the electrolytic solution, so that not only liquid but also gas flows in the electrolytic cell (hereinafter, this flow may be referred to as “gas-liquid flow”). . Therefore, in the anode chamber 10, it is necessary that gas and liquid flow smoothly over the entire anode chamber, not a part of the anode chamber 10. By realizing this, breakage and damage of the ion exchange membrane can be prevented.

  As a result of intensive studies to suppress the vibration of the electrolytic cell during electrolysis and prevent the breakage and damage of the ion exchange membrane, the present inventors have surprisingly found that the flow and concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution are different from those of the ion exchange membrane. They found it important to prevent breakage and damage. As a result of further studies to control the flow and concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution, it has been found that the configuration of each part constituting the electrolytic cell 1 needs to be comprehensively controlled.

  One cause of physical breakage of the ion exchange membrane 2 is vibration in the electrolytic cell 1. In the electrolytic cell 1 of the present embodiment, the gas-liquid flow in the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20 can be promoted without delay by arranging each member so as to satisfy the conditions (1) to (7) described later. Therefore, a certain amount of gas and liquid (electrolyte solution containing product gas) can always flow through the electrolysis cell 1 without stagnation. As a result, generation of vibration of the electrolytic cell 1 can be prevented.

  One of the causes of damage to the ion exchange membrane 2 is that the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell becomes non-uniform. In particular, in electrolysis at a high current density, the electrolytic reaction proceeds quickly, so that the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell 1 tends to be uneven. When the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution in the electrolytic cell 1 becomes nonuniform, sodium ions that permeate the ion exchange membrane 2 are reduced, and the ion exchange groups are replaced with hydrogen ions. Will decrease and lead to damage. In addition, if the concentration distribution is not uniform, the moisture content in the ion exchange membrane 2 is affected, and water may accumulate in the membrane and be damaged. In the electrolytic cell of the present embodiment, the gas-liquid flow is promoted and the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution becomes uniform, so that the ion exchange membrane 2 can be prevented from being damaged.

  Another cause of damage to the ion exchange membrane 2 is that salt is precipitated in the ion exchange membrane 2. In particular, in electrolysis at a high current density, a large amount of generated gas is generated, so that the generated gas tends to stay locally. For example, when an aqueous sodium chloride solution is used as the electrolytic solution, chlorine gas is generated at the anode 102 and caustic soda is generated at the cathode 202. If the electrolytic reaction proceeds and chlorine gas stays in the upper part of the electrolytic cell 1, salt may precipitate from the chlorine gas and caustic soda in the ion exchange membrane 2. However, in the electrolysis cell 1 of the present embodiment, since the gas-liquid flow is promoted as described above, it is possible to suppress the local retention of the product gas, and the salt may precipitate in the ion exchange membrane 2 as a result. Can be prevented.

  The gas-liquid flow described above needs to consider the entire flow in the electrolytic cell 1, and by arranging the members constituting the electrolytic cell 1 so as to satisfy the conditions (1) to (7) described later, The flow can be smoothly promoted. Specifically, it is as follows.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the arrangement of each part constituting the electrolysis cell of the first embodiment. In the electrolytic cell 1 of the present embodiment, each member is arranged so as to satisfy at least the following conditions.
Condition (1): The distance (D1; see FIG. 4) between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 2 to 5 mm, the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the cathode The distance (D2; refer FIG. 4) with the upper end of the side gas-liquid separation part 206 is 2-5 mm.
Condition (2): The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket 40 is located at or above the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 (region a; see FIG. 4).
Condition (3): The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is located at or below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separator 206 (region b; see FIG. 4), and the cathode side gasket. The distance (D15; see FIG. 4) between the upper part of the inner edge of the 50 openings and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 is 15 mm or less.
Condition (4): The distance (D4; see FIG. 4) between the upper end of the baffle plate 108 and the lower end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 30 to 100 mm.
Condition (5): The distance (D5; see FIG. 4) between the lower end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is 20 to 150 mm.
Condition (6): The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 (D6; see FIG. 4) is 5 to 15 mm.
Condition (7): The distance (D7; refer FIG. 4) between the baffle plate 108 and the partition wall 30 is 20 to 30 mm.
By adopting the above configuration, the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution during electrolysis is kept uniform, vibration due to pressure fluctuations in the electrolytic cell is suppressed, and the generated gas does not stay locally in the electrolytic cell. Electrolysis can be performed stably without damaging the exchange membrane.

  Here, the flow of the electrolytic solution in the anode chamber 10 during electrolysis will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the flow of the electrolytic solution during electrolysis of the electrolytic cell of the first embodiment. First, in the anode chamber 10 of the electrolytic cell 1, an electrolyte is supplied from the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104, an internal circulation is generated by the baffle plate 108, and a flow is sent to the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit 106 (arrow). A to F; see FIG. 5)). Since gas such as chlorine generated by electrolysis is also mixed in the electrolytic solution, the anode chamber 10 is required to smoothly flow gases and liquids throughout the chamber. FIG. 5 shows an example of the flow of the electrolytic solution in the anode chamber 10, but it is needless to say that a flow of the electrolytic solution that is not shown may exist.

[Flow A]
When the distance of the flow A is short, the flow D is inhibited and the internal circulation may be deteriorated. On the other hand, when the distance of the flow A is long, the gas-liquid flow in the vicinity of the dispersion pipe is hindered, and damage is likely to occur at the lower part of the ion exchange membrane. Therefore, the distance between the lower end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is 20 to 150 mm (condition (5)). This distance is preferably 30 to 140 mm, and more preferably 40 to 130 mm.

  In particular, when hydrochloric acid or the like is added to the electrolytic solution, it is preferable that the lower end of the baffle plate 108 is not located in the vicinity of the anode-side electrolytic solution supply unit 104. In order to reduce a small amount of oxygen generated at the anode 102 and improve the quality of chlorine, hydrochloric acid may be added to the electrolytic solution to lower the pH of the electrolytic solution. In this case, it is preferable that the lower end of the baffle plate 108 is not located in the vicinity of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104. If the gas-liquid flow in the vicinity of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is obstructed, the electrolyte solution having a low pH may stay and damage the membrane. Also from this, in the electrolytic cell 1 of this embodiment, the distance between the lower end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 is controlled to 20 to 150 mm.

  Furthermore, the distance (D8; see FIG. 4) between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the anode 102 is 3 to 7 mm, and the distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the partition wall 30 (D9; see FIG. 4). ) Is preferably 2 to 6 mm (condition (8)). With such an arrangement, the flow A of the electrolyte supplied from the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 does not hinder the flow D, so that the internal circulation of the electrolyte can be further smoothed. The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the anode 102 is preferably 3 to 6 mm. The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the partition wall 30 is preferably 3 to 6 mm.

[Flows B and D]
The distance (D6; see FIG. 4) between the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 is in the range of 5 to 15 mm (condition (6)). The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 corresponds to the width of the flow B. If the width of the flow B is smaller than 5 mm, bubbles such as chlorine generated in the vicinity of the anode 102 increase and the electrolysis voltage increases. . On the other hand, if the width of the flow B is larger than 15 mm, the difference in specific gravity of the gas and liquid is not sufficiently obtained between the space partitioned by the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 and the space partitioned by the baffle plate 108 and the partition wall 30. Becomes worse and the concentration distribution of the electrolyte becomes non-uniform. The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the anode 102 is preferably 8 to 15 mm.

  And the distance (D7; refer FIG. 4) of the baffle board 108 and the partition 30 is the range of 20-30 mm (condition (7)). The distance between the baffle plate 108 and the partition wall 30 corresponds to the width of the flow D. If the width of the flow D is narrower than 20 mm, the width of the flow B becomes relatively wide, and the specific gravity difference between the gas and the liquid cannot be obtained. The internal circulation is deteriorated and the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution becomes non-uniform. On the other hand, if the width of the flow D is wider than 30 mm, the width of the flow B is relatively narrow, bubbles generated such as chlorine are increased, and the electrolysis voltage is increased.

  Furthermore, the length (D10; see FIG. 4) of the baffle plate 108 is preferably 800 to 900 mm, and more preferably 850 to 900 mm (condition (9)). By making the length of the baffle plate 108 in the above range, the momentum of the flow B and the flow D can be moderately strengthened, the difference in specific gravity of the gas and liquid can be sufficiently increased, and the internal circulation can be efficiently performed. The concentration distribution of the electrolyte can be maintained uniformly.

[Flow C]
The distance (D4; see FIG. 4) between the upper end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 30 to 100 mm (condition (4)). The flow C can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the upper end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106. When the distance is shorter than 30 mm, the momentum of the flow C is weakened, the internal circulation is deteriorated, and the concentration distribution is not uniform. If the distance is longer than 100 mm, the difference in specific gravity of gas and liquid in the vicinity of the lower part of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is difficult to occur, and a flow that hinders circulation from the anode 102 side to the partition wall 30 side can be generated. As a result, the concentration distribution of the electrolytic solution becomes non-uniform. The distance between the upper end of the baffle plate 108 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is preferably 40 to 90 mm.

[Flow E]
The distance (D11; see FIG. 4) between the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 and the anode 102 is preferably 5 to 15 mm, and more preferably 5 to 14 mm (condition (10)). The flow E can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 and the anode 102. By setting the distance to 5 mm or more, pressure loss can be reduced and vibration can be suppressed. On the other hand, by setting the distance to 15 mm or less, the retention of gas such as chlorine in the upper region in the electrolysis cell 1 can be suppressed, and damage to the ion exchange membrane can be prevented. In the cathode chamber 20, the distance between the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 and the cathode 202 is preferably 5 mm or more, and more preferably 5 to 15 mm (condition (11)). If it is 5 mm or more, a pressure loss can be suppressed more and a vibration can be prevented more.

[Flow F]
The distance (D1; see FIG. 4) between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator 106 is 2 to 5 mm, and the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the cathode-side gas-liquid separator The distance from the upper end of 206 (D2; see FIG. 4) is 2 to 5 mm (condition (1)). First, the anode chamber 10 will be described as an example. The flow F can be controlled by adjusting the distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 106. If the distance is less than 2 mm, a sufficient gap through which the liquid and gas pass cannot be secured, and the gas-liquid flow is hindered. As a result, the pressure in the electrolysis cell 1 increases, and the gas-liquid flows at once. As a result, vibration is generated in the electrolytic cell 1 and the ion exchange membrane is physically damaged. In addition, pressure loss also occurs, and vibration in the electrolysis cell occurs. If the distance is wider than 5 mm, a gas such as chlorine will stay. Thereby, for example, chlorine gas on the anode side and caustic soda on the cathode side penetrate into the ion exchange membrane, and the ion exchange membrane is damaged. Similarly for the cathode chamber, the distance (D2; see FIG. 4) between the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 is controlled to 2 to 5 mm.

[Positional relationship between gas-liquid separator and gasket]
In the electrolysis cell of this embodiment, since the gas-liquid separation part and the gasket are arranged at specific positions, damage on the upper part of the ion exchange membrane can also be suppressed. Specifically, the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode-side gasket 40 is located at or above the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 (condition (2): region a, see FIG. 4). The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket 40 is preferably located at the same height as the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10.

  The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is located at or below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation unit 206 (region b, see FIG. 4), and the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 The distance (D15; see FIG. 4) between the upper part of the inner edge of the unit and the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation unit 206 is 15 mm or less (condition (3)). Preferably, the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is located below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206. Moreover, it is preferable that the distance of the inner edge upper part of the opening part of the cathode side gasket 50 and the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206 is 10 mm or less. That is, the inner edge upper part of the opening of the anode side gasket 40 does not protrude into the inner region of the anode chamber 10, and the upper inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 protrudes into the inner region of the cathode chamber 20. The

  The inventors of the present invention are that the gas (chlorine or the like) generated in the anode chamber 10 and the liquid (caustic soda or the like) generated in the cathode chamber 20 penetrate into the ion exchange membrane, respectively, and salts are deposited in the ion exchange membrane. Has been found to cause damage to the ion exchange membrane. It has also been found that the chlorine gas stays in the upper part of the electrolysis cell 1 so that partial damage of the ion exchange membrane is likely to occur. From these things, by making the positional relationship between the gas-liquid separation part and the gasket in the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20 into a specific positional relationship, the above cause can be eliminated, and as a result, the ion exchange membrane is damaged. It was found that it can be suppressed. This will be specifically described below.

  First, in the present embodiment, the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket 40 is located at the same height as or above the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 (condition (2); region a, FIG. 4). reference). Since the anode side gasket 40 does not enter the electrolytic cell 1, the electrolytic solution can be efficiently circulated internally, and retention of gas such as chlorine can be suppressed. Preferably, from the viewpoint of suppressing the anode gasket 40 from jumping out of the electrolytic cell 1, the upper portion of the inner edge of the anode side gasket 40 is positioned at substantially the same height as the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10. .

  Next, the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is located at or below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206 (region b; see FIG. 4). The distance (D15; see FIG. 4) between the upper part of the inner edge of the opening and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator 206 is 15 mm or less (condition (3)). That is, the cathode side gasket 50 is inserted into the cathode chamber 20 deeper than the gap (D2; see FIG. 4) between the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 and the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separator 206. By covering with the cathode side gasket 50, it is possible to prevent caustic soda and the like from permeating into the ion exchange membrane, and it is possible to prevent salt from depositing within the ion exchange membrane.

  Further, since the cathode side gasket 50 is usually designed to be thicker than the anode side gasket 40, the cathode side gasket 50 tends to jump out of the electrolysis cell 1 during electrolysis, but the cathode gasket 50 is located inside the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20. Therefore, the cathode gasket 50 can be prevented from jumping out of the electrolytic cell 1.

  Further, by setting the distance (D15; see FIG. 4) between the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 and the upper end of the cathode side gas / liquid separator 206 to 15 mm or less, A space that can serve as a flow path for the electrolytic solution can be ensured between the cathode side gasket 50 and the occurrence of vibration can be suppressed.

  In addition, by setting the distance to 15 mm or less, the current-carrying area of the cathode 202 can be secured, so that the electrolysis voltage can be kept low. If the upper part of the inner edge of the cathode gasket 50 is inserted too deeply into the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20, the electrolysis voltage will increase significantly. For example, when the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged so that the distance between the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 and the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber 20 (D14; see FIG. 4) is 5 mm, the distance ( Compared with the case where D14 (see FIG. 4) is 0 mm, the electrolysis voltage increases by 3 mV. When the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged so as to be 10 mm, it rises by 5 mV, when the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged so as to be 20 mm, it rises by 10 mV, and when the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged so as to be 30 mm When the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged to increase by 15 mV and 40 mm, the voltage rises by 21 mV, and when the cathode side gasket 50 is arranged to be 50 mm, the voltage increases by 26 mV.

  Therefore, from the viewpoint of suppressing an increase in electrolytic voltage, the inner edge upper portion of the cathode side gasket 50 is located within 15 mm from the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation unit 206. From this point of view, the distance (D15; see FIG. 4) between the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 and the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206 is preferably 10 mm or less, and 7 mm or less. Is more preferable.

In this way, the penetration of chlorine and other ion exchange membranes from the anode side is prevented by promoting the internal circulation of the electrolyte, and the penetration of caustic soda and other ion exchange membranes from the cathode side is blocked by a gasket. To prevent it. When the upper part of the ion exchange membrane is damaged, it becomes the starting point, and the damage propagates in the lateral direction (horizontal direction), and the ion exchange membrane is likely to be broken. In particular, at a high current density (6 to 10 kA / m ² ), chlorine gas tends to stay in the interior, thereby causing partial damage to the ion exchange membrane. In the present embodiment, damage to the ion exchange membrane can be suppressed as described above, and therefore, electrolysis can be performed stably even at a high current density.

The positional relationship between the gas-liquid separator and the gasket during electrolysis will be described with reference to FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the upper part of the electrolysis cell of the first embodiment. An ion exchange membrane 2 is sandwiched between two electrolytic cells 1a and 1b. Each electrolytic cell 1a and 1b has an anode 102 and a cathode 202. The partition 30 separates the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20 from each other. Yes. Moreover, the anode side gas-liquid separation part 106 and the cathode side gas-liquid separation part 206, the anode side gasket 40, and the cathode side gasket 50 are installed in the electrolytic cells 1a and 1b.

  In FIG. 3, the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket 50 is below the upper surface of the cathode side gas-liquid separator 206 (see condition (3)). Moreover, the inner edge upper part of the opening part of the anode side gasket 40 is arrange | positioned at the substantially same height as the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber 10 (refer condition (2)).

  In the anode chamber 10, the distance between the anode side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the anode 102 (D8; see FIG. 4) is 3 to 7 mm, and the anode side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the partition wall 30 are The distance (D9; see FIG. 4) is 3 to 7 mm. In the cathode chamber 20, the distance between the cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204 and the cathode 202 (D12; see FIG. 4) is 6.5 to 10 It is preferable that the distance (D13; refer FIG. 4) of the cathode side electrolyte supply part 204 and the partition 30 is 2-6 mm (condition (12)).

  More preferably, the distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the anode 102 is 2 to 6 mm, the distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit 104 and the partition wall 30 is 2 to 6 mm, and the cathode side The distance between the electrolyte solution supply unit 204 and the cathode 202 is 7 to 10 mm, and the distance between the cathode side electrolyte solution supply unit 204 and the partition wall 30 is 3 to 5 mm.

  In addition, the distance here means the shortest distance, and is the shortest distance between the side surface and the anode of the electrolytic solution supply unit or the side surface and the partition wall of the electrolytic solution supply unit. By arranging the members in this manner, the electrolyte solution in the lower region of the electrolyte solution supply section in the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20 can also be efficiently circulated internally. In particular, in the cathode chamber 20, an increase in the concentration of the electrolyte in the lower region of the cathode side electrolyte supply unit 204 is effectively prevented, and in the anode 10, a decrease in the concentration in the lower region of the anode side electrolyte supply unit 104 is effectively prevented. it can. In particular, when electrolysis is performed by adding hydrochloric acid or the like, it is possible to prevent damage to the ion exchange membrane due to retention of salt water having a low pH.

  When a plurality of electrolysis cells of this embodiment are connected as a bipolar electrolysis cell in series, an elastic body may be installed in the anode chamber or the cathode chamber, and an electrode may be provided thereon. By providing the elastic body, the electrodes are pressed against the ion exchange membrane between the electrolytic cells 2 to be connected, and the distance between the electrodes is shortened, so that the voltage can be lowered.

  FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of the second embodiment of the electrolysis cell of this embodiment. The electrolysis cell 2 includes an anode chamber 10, a cathode chamber 20, a partition wall 30 disposed between the anode chamber 10 and the cathode chamber 20, and a first surface disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the anode chamber 10. An anode side gasket 40 having an opening, a cathode side gasket 50 having a second opening disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber 20, and a current collector 208 of the cathode chamber 20. The elastic body 60 and a cathode 202 disposed on the elastic body 60 are provided. As the anode chamber 10, the cathode chamber 20, the partition wall 30, the anode side gasket 40, and the cathode side gasket 50 used in the electrolysis cell 2, those similar to those of the electrolysis cell 1 described in FIG.

  When a plurality of the electrolytic cells 2 are connected in series with the ion exchange membrane interposed therebetween, the cathode 202 is pressed against the anode chamber side of the adjacent electrolytic cell by the elastic body 60 disposed in the cathode chamber 20. Thereby, the distance between the cathode 202 and the anode of the adjacent electrolytic cell with the ion exchange membrane interposed therebetween is shortened, and the voltage during electrolysis can be lowered.

  As the elastic body 60, a spring member such as a spiral spring or a coil, a cushioning mat, or the like can be used. As the elastic body 60, a suitable one can be adopted as appropriate in consideration of the surface pressure during use. In the present embodiment, the elastic body 60 may be provided on the surface of the current collector plate 208 on the cathode chamber 20 side or on the surface of the partition wall on the anode chamber 10 side. Since 20 is divided so as to be smaller than the anode chamber 10, it is preferably provided on the current collecting plate 208 of the cathode chamber 20 from the viewpoint of the strength of the frame.

  The electrolysis cell of this embodiment can be made into a bipolar electrolyzer by connecting a plurality in series via an ion exchange membrane. FIG. 7 is a front view of the electrolytic cell of the present embodiment, and FIG. 8 is a schematic perspective view showing a state in the middle of assembling the electrolytic cell of the same embodiment. In the present embodiment, a bipolar electrolytic cell 4 (hereinafter, referred to as “a”) having at least a plurality of electrolytic cells 1 arranged in series and an ion exchange membrane (not shown) arranged between adjacent electrolytic cells 1. It may be simply referred to as “electrolyzer”).

  The electrolytic cell 4 is assembled by arranging a plurality of electrolytic cells 1 in series via an ion exchange membrane (not shown) and connecting them by a press 7 (see FIG. 8). In addition, the electrolytic cell (anode terminal cell) which has only an anode chamber, and the electrolytic cell (cathode terminal cell) which has only a cathode chamber are arrange | positioned at the both ends of the connected electrolysis cell 1. FIG. In the electrolytic cell 4 assembled in this way, the anode terminal 5 is connected to one of the electrolytic cells 1 arranged at both ends thereof, and the cathode terminal 6 is connected to the other (see FIG. 7). That is, electrolysis is performed by connecting an ion exchange membrane between the anode chamber of the electrolysis cell 1 and the cathode chamber of another adjacent electrolysis cell 1.

  The ion exchange membrane used in the electrolytic cell 4 of this embodiment is not specifically limited, A well-known thing can be used. For example, when producing chlorine and alkali by electrolysis of alkali chloride or the like, a fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane is preferable from the viewpoint of excellent heat resistance and chemical resistance. Examples of the fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane include those containing a fluorine-containing polymer having a function of selectively permeating cations generated during electrolysis and having an ion exchange group. The fluorine-containing polymer having an ion exchange group as used herein refers to a fluorine-containing polymer having an ion exchange group or an ion exchange group precursor that can be converted into an ion exchange group by hydrolysis. For example, a polymer having a main chain of a fluorinated hydrocarbon, having a functional group that can be converted into an ion exchange group by hydrolysis or the like as a pendant side chain, and capable of being melt-processed can be used.

  The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The electrolytic cell described below was prepared, the arrangement and shape of each member of the electrolytic cell were changed, and the results were verified.

[Electrolysis tank]
As an electrolytic cell, eight electrolytic cells having a width of 2400 mm and a height of 1200 mm are arranged in series, and an electrolytic cell having only an anode chamber (anode terminal cell) at both ends and an electrolytic cell having only a cathode chamber (cathode terminal) Cell), an anode terminal in the anode terminal cell, and a cathode terminal in the cathode terminal cell. An anode side gasket and a cathode side gasket are attached to the periphery of each electrolysis cell with an adhesive, and a fluorine-containing ion exchange membrane for salt electrolysis (trade name “ACIPLEX, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Chemicals Co., Ltd.) is provided between each electrolyzer. (Registered Trademark) F6801 "), and the electrolytic cell was assembled.

The anode was manufactured by coating the surface of an expanded mesh-processed titanium plate with an oxide containing ruthenium, iridium and titanium.
In the cathode chamber, an expanded mesh processed nickel plate was used as a current collector plate, a nickel cushion mat was placed on the current collector plate, and a cathode was further placed. The cathode used was a nickel fine mesh substrate coated with ruthenium oxide.
A baffle plate made of titanium having a thickness of 0.3 mm was used.

  As the anode gasket, an EPDM gasket having a thickness of 3.1 mm was used. As the cathode side gasket, an EPDM gasket having a thickness of 3.5 mm was used.

  The dispersion pipe in the anode chamber was a titanium pipe having an outer diameter of 25.4 mm, a thickness of 0.7 mm, and an inner diameter of 24 mm. The dispersion pipe was provided with a plurality of holes having a diameter of 1.5 mm at equal intervals. The dispersion pipe was installed so that the distance between the dispersion pipe and the anode was 5 mm, and the distance between the dispersion pipe and the partition wall was 5 mm.

  The dispersion pipe in the cathode chamber was a nickel pipe having an outer diameter of 12 mm, a thickness of 1 mm, and an inner diameter of 10 mm. The dispersion pipe was provided with a plurality of holes having a diameter of 2.0 mm at regular intervals. The distance between the dispersion pipe and the cathode was 4 mm, and the distance between the dispersion pipe and the partition wall was 4 mm.

  Each electrolytic cell was subjected to experiments for evaluating the vibration and salt water concentration distribution of the electrolytic cell and the presence or absence of damage to the ion exchange membrane by appropriately changing the distances D1 to D15 shown in FIG.

300 g / L of salt water is supplied as an anolyte to the anode chamber of the electrolytic cell in which each electrolytic cell is arranged, and dilute caustic soda is supplied to the cathode chamber from the vicinity of the discharge nozzle so that the caustic soda concentration is 32% by weight. Electrolysis was performed for 1 month at an electrolysis temperature of 90 ° C., an anode chamber side gas pressure (gauge pressure) of 40 kPa, a cathode chamber side gas pressure (gauge pressure) of 44 kPa, and a current density of 8 kPa / m ² . Further, electrolysis was performed by adding hydrochloric acid to the salt water to be supplied so that the pH of the salt water near the anolyte discharge nozzle was 2.

(Vibration measurement)
The vibration in the electrolysis cell was measured by inserting a tube with an inner diameter of 4 mm in the center of the electrolysis cell anode chamber and converting it into an electric signal by a piezoelectric element. The pressure fluctuation was measured at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz for 40 seconds, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value (the unit was expressed in terms of the height [cm] of the water column) and the magnitude of vibration in the electrolysis cell. did.

[Concentration distribution measurement]
The salt water concentration distribution in the electrolysis cell was evaluated by measuring the salt water concentration at the location shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a side view showing measurement points of the salt water concentration measurement performed in this example. Nine nozzles were inserted near the anode in the anode chamber, and the electrolyte solution was sampled slowly during electrolysis, and the salt water concentration at each measurement point was measured. Then, the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the salt water concentration at these nine locations at a current density of 8 kA / m ² was determined as a difference in cell concentration distribution. Sampling positions were measured at the following positions within the anode chamber frame (see the round dots in FIG. 9).

Top 3 places: At the height of 150 mm inside from the top of the peripheral edge of the anode chamber, two places were measured along the width direction of the electrolysis cell at 1 place in the middle and 2 places from the center to the left and right directions at 968 mm.
Center 3 points: 1 point was measured at the center point of the anode chamber, and 2 points were measured at a position of 968 mm in the left-right direction from the center point.
Three lower portions: At a height of 150 mm inside from the lower portion of the peripheral edge of the anode chamber, two locations were measured at one location in the middle along the width direction of the electrolysis cell and 968 mm from the center in the left-right direction.

(Current efficiency measurement)
The current efficiency was evaluated by the ratio of the acidity of the salt water discharged from the electrolytic cell to the acidity (mol percent concentration of acid) of the salt water supplied to the electrolytic cell. In electrolysis, when OH ⁻ permeates from the cathode chamber to the anode chamber through the ion exchange membrane, it reacts with H ⁺ in the salt water, so that the acidity of the salt water decreases. From this, the current efficiency, which is the rate at which Na ⁺ ions permeate the flowing current, was determined based on the above ratio.

The acidity was obtained by sampling the salt water supplied to the electrolysis cell and the salt water discharged from the discharge nozzle on the anode side of each electrolysis cell, and titrating. In addition, since chlorine is dissolved in the discharged salt water, 2.5 g of potassium iodide (KI) is added to 100 ml of the sampling solution before titration, and the dissolved chlorine is changed to sodium chloride (NaCl). Dissolved chlorine was removed by liberation to iodine (I ₂ ). Further, the sample solution was made transparent by reacting with 2N sodium thiosulfate (Na ₂ S ₂ O ₃ ) and changing iodine (I ₂ ) to sodium iodide (NaI). Thereafter, the acidity was determined by titrating with 0.1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) using phenolphthalein as an indicator.

[Example 1]
Electrolysis was performed using the following electrolytic cell. Tables 1 and 2 show the distances and lengths.
<Anode chamber>
3mm between the upper end surface of the anode side gas-liquid separation part and the upper surface (D1) inside the anode chamber frame
The distance (D11) between the anode side gas-liquid separation part and the anode is 6 mm.
The distance (D4) between the upper end of the baffle plate and the bottom end face of the anode-side gas-liquid separator is 50 mm.
The distance (D6) between the baffle and the anode is 10 mm
The distance (D7) between the baffle plate and the partition is 25 mm
Baffle plate length (D10) is 886mm
The distance (D5) between the lower end of the baffle plate and the upper end of the dispersion pipe is 35 mm.
The distance (D8) between the anode side electrolyte supply part and the anode is 4.1 mm.
The distance (D9) between the anode side electrolyte supply part and the partition wall is 5 mm.
<Cathode room>
The distance (D2) between the upper end surface of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part and the upper surface inside the cathode chamber frame is 3 mm.
The distance (D14) between the inner edge of the upper portion of the cathode side gasket and the upper surface inside the cathode chamber frame is 5 mm.
(The distance (D15) between the inner edge upper part of the opening of the cathode side gasket and the upper end surface of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part is 2 mm)
The distance (D3) between the cathode and the cathode-side gas-liquid separator is 5.5 mm
The distance between the bottom end face of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator and the top end of the dispersion pipe is 1091.5 mm
The distance (D12) between the cathode side electrolyte supply part and the cathode is 8.5 mm.
The distance (D13) between the cathode side electrolyte supply part and the partition wall is 4 mm.

  As a result, during electrolysis, no pulsation was observed in the electrolyte discharged from the electrolytic cell to the discharge hose, and it was visually confirmed that the electrolyte was discharged smoothly. As a result of measuring the vibration in the electrolytic cell during electrolysis, the water column was 5 cm or less (0.49 kPa or less), and it was found that the vibration was sufficiently suppressed. The salt water concentration distribution difference was 0.48 N, and it was found that the electrolyte concentration was kept uniform by internal circulation. The electrolytic voltage was 3.18 V and the current efficiency was 97.3%. When the ion exchange membrane was removed and observed after completion of the electrolysis operation, damage to the ion exchange membrane was not visually confirmed as a whole.

  In the following Comparative Examples 1 to 3, electrolysis was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 except that the positional relationship of each member was changed, and compared with Example 1.

[Comparative Example 1]
The upper end surface (D1) of the anode side gas-liquid separation part and the inner upper surface (D1) of the anode chamber frame are 5 mm, and in the cathode chamber, the distance (D2) between the upper end surface of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part and the inner upper surface of the cathode chamber frame. ) Was 5 mm, and electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 except that the distance (D14) between the inner edge of the upper part of the cathode side gasket and the upper surface inside the cathode chamber frame was changed to 4 mm.
As a result, during electrolysis, no pulsation was observed in the electrolyte discharged from the electrolytic cell to the discharge hose, and it was visually confirmed that the electrolyte was discharged smoothly. As a result of measuring the vibration in the electrolytic cell during electrolysis, it was found that the water column was 5 cm or less (0.49 kPa or less) and the vibration was small. However, when the ion exchange membrane was removed and observed after the electrolysis operation, many damages with a diameter of 1 mm or less, which seemed to be salt deposition, were observed in the ion exchange membrane at a position corresponding to the vicinity of the upper portion of the gasket. This is presumably because the upper part of the inner edge of the cathode gasket is located above the upper end surface of the gas-liquid separator, so that caustic soda in the cathode chamber penetrates into the ion exchange membrane and forms salt in the membrane.

[Comparative Example 2]
The upper end surface (D1) of the anode side gas-liquid separation part and the inner upper surface (D1) of the anode chamber frame are 1 mm, and in the cathode chamber, the distance (D2) between the upper end surface of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part and the inner upper surface of the cathode chamber frame. ) Was changed to 1 mm, and electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1.
As a result, pulsation was observed in the electrolyte flowing through the liquid discharge hose from the liquid discharge nozzle, and it was found that the flow was intermittent. As a result of measuring the vibration in the electrolytic cell during electrolysis, it was found that the water column was 23 cm (2.26 kPa) and the vibration was large. This is probably because the gas-liquid flow is hindered to cause pressure fluctuations due to the narrow width D1 through which the gas-liquid multiphase flow passes, and vibrations are generated. This suggests that when the electrolysis is continued for a longer time, if this vibration is continuously generated, the ion exchange membrane is physically damaged. After the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was removed and observed, and no damage was found on the ion exchange membrane.

[Comparative Example 3]
Electrolysis was carried out using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 except that the distance (D14) between the inner edge of the upper part of the cathode side gasket and the inner upper surface of the cathode chamber frame was changed to 0 mm.
As a result, during electrolysis, no pulsation was observed in the electrolyte discharged from the electrolytic cell to the discharge hose, and it was visually confirmed that the electrolyte was discharged smoothly. As a result of measuring the vibration in the electrolytic cell during electrolysis, it was found that the water column was 5 cm or less (0.49 kPa or less), and the vibration was small. However, when the ion exchange membrane was removed and observed after the electrolysis operation, many damages with a diameter of 1 mm or less, which seemed to be salt deposition, were observed in the ion exchange membrane at a position corresponding to the vicinity of the upper portion of the gasket. This is probably because the inner edge of the upper part of the cathode gasket is located higher than the upper end surface of the gas-liquid separation part, so that caustic soda in the cathode chamber penetrates into the ion exchange membrane and forms salt in the membrane.
These results are shown in Table 1.

  As shown in Table 1, in Example 1, the electrolyte was sufficiently circulated internally, vibration during electrolysis was sufficiently suppressed, the concentration of the electrolyte was kept uniform, and the operating efficiency was also good. there were. On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 3, damage to the ion exchange membrane was observed. In Comparative Example 2, the gas-liquid mixed phase flow was blocked and vibration was generated.

  In Comparative Examples 4 to 9 below, the electrolytic operation was performed by changing the positional relationship of the gas-liquid separation unit, the baffle, the dispersion pipe, and the like in the anode chamber, and the results were compared with Example 1.

[Comparative Example 4]
Electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 except that the distance (D6) between the anode and the baffle was changed to 3 mm. The difference in salt water concentration distribution was 0.65N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.20 V and the current efficiency was 96.8%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed, and many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed.

[Comparative Example 5]
Electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 except that the distance (D6) between the anode and the baffle was changed to 20 mm. The difference in salt water concentration distribution was 0.82N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.19 V and the current efficiency was 97.1%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed, and many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed.

[Comparative Example 6]
The same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 was used, except that a baffle plate (D10) having a length of 916 mm was used and the distance (D4) between the upper end of the baffle plate and the bottom end surface of the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit was 20 mm. Electrolysis was performed. The difference in salt water concentration distribution was 0.86N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.19 V, and the current efficiency was 97.0%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed, and many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed.

[Comparative Example 7]
The same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 was used, except that a baffle plate (D10) having a length of 786 mm was used and the distance (D4) between the upper end of the baffle plate and the bottom end surface of the anode-side gas-liquid separation unit was 150 mm. Electrolysis was performed. The difference in salt water concentration distribution was 0.62N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.18 V and the current efficiency was 97.0%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed, and many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed.

[Comparative Example 8]
Electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1 except that a baffle plate (D10) having a length of 911 mm was used and the distance (D5) between the lower end of the baffle plate and the upper end of the dispersion pipe was 10 mm. It was. The salt water concentration distribution difference was 1.00 N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.20 V and the current efficiency was 96.8%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed, and many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed. It can be seen that the gas-liquid flow near the bottom of the baffle was hindered and the concentration distribution became non-uniform.

[Comparative Example 9]
Electrolysis was performed using the same electrolytic cell as in Example 1, except that a 700 mm long baffle plate (D10) was used and the distance (D4) between the lower end of the baffle plate and the upper end of the dispersion pipe was 221 mm. It was. The salt water concentration distribution difference was 0.63N. The electrolytic voltage was 3.19 V, and the current efficiency was 96.7%. After completion of the electrolysis operation, the ion exchange membrane was taken out and observed. As a result, many damages having a diameter of 1 mm or less were confirmed, and damage that appeared to be whitening due to hydrochloric acid was also confirmed in the vicinity of the dispersion pipe. It can be seen that the gas-liquid flow in the vicinity of the lower part of the electrolysis cell was hindered, the internal circulation deteriorated, and the ion exchange group was replaced with hydrogen ions, resulting in damage.

  These results are shown in Table 2.

Even if the damage is less than 1 mm in diameter, it is estimated that if it is used for a longer period of time, the number of damaged parts will increase and the damaged parts will expand, current efficiency will be greatly reduced, and the life of the ion exchange membrane will be shortened. .
In Comparative Example 4, the space between the anode and the baffle plate (flow B) was narrow, the number of bubbles increased, and the electrolysis voltage increased. In Comparative Example 5, the gap between the anode and the baffle plate (flow B) was wide, the internal circulation deteriorated, and the concentration distribution difference became large.
In Comparative Example 6, the concentration distribution deteriorated because the gap between the upper end of the baffle plate and the bottom end face of the anode-side gas-liquid separator (flow C) was narrow and the width of the circulating liquid was narrow. In Comparative Example 7, the distance between the upper end of the baffle plate and the bottom end face of the anode-side gas-liquid separation part (flow C) was wide, and a flow in which circulation was hindered was generated, and the concentration distribution deteriorated.
In Comparative Example 8, the space between the lower end of the baffle plate and the dispersion pipe (flow A) was narrow, the internal circulation flow was inhibited, and the concentration distribution difference was increased. In Comparative Example 9, the gap between the lower end of the baffle plate and the dispersion pipe (flow A) was wide, the gas-liquid flow in the vicinity of the dispersion pipe was deteriorated, and the concentration distribution difference was increased.

  The electrolytic cell of the present invention can be suitably used in a wide range of fields including the field of ion exchange membrane method alkaline electrolysis for producing chlorine and alkali metal hydroxides.

1, 1a, 1b, 3 ... electrolytic cell, 2 ... ion exchange membrane, 4 ... electrolytic cell, 5 ... anode terminal, 6 ... cathode terminal, 10 ... anode chamber, 102 ... anode, 104 ... anode-side liquid supply unit, 106 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Anode side gas-liquid separation part, 108 ... Baffle plate, 110 ... Anode side liquid supply nozzle, 1062, 2062 ... Storage chamber, 1064, 2064 ... Opening part, 1066, 2066 ... Discharge port, 20 ... Cathode room, 202 ... Cathode 204 ... Cathode side liquid supply unit, 206 ... Cathode side gas-liquid separation unit, 208 ... Current collector plate, 210 ... Cathode side liquid supply nozzle, 30 ... Partition, 40 ... Anode side gasket, 50 ... Cathode side gasket, 60 ... Elastic body

Claims (8)

An anode chamber;
A cathode chamber;
A partition wall disposed between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber;
An anode side gasket having a first opening, disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the anode chamber;
A cathode-side gasket having a second opening disposed on the surface of the frame constituting the cathode chamber;
With
The anode chamber is disposed above the anode, an anode-side electrolyte supply unit that is disposed inside the inner wall of the anode chamber, and supplies an electrolyte to the anode chamber; and the anode-side electrolyte supply unit, A baffle plate disposed so as to be substantially parallel to the partition wall, and an anode-side gas-liquid separation unit that is disposed above the baffle plate and separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with gas,
The cathode chamber is disposed above the cathode, a cathode-side electrolyte supply unit that supplies an electrolyte to the cathode chamber, and is disposed inside an inner wall of the cathode chamber. A cathode-side gas-liquid separator that separates the gas from the electrolyte mixed with
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber and the upper end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator is 2 to 5 mm,
The distance between the upper surface of the inner wall of the cathode chamber and the upper end of the cathode-side gas-liquid separator is 2 to 5 mm,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the anode side gasket is located at or above the upper surface of the inner wall of the anode chamber,
The upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket is located at or below the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part, and the upper part of the inner edge of the opening of the cathode side gasket; The distance from the upper end of the cathode side gas-liquid separation part is 15 mm or less,
The distance between the upper end of the baffle plate and the lower end of the anode-side gas-liquid separator is 30 to 100 mm,
The distance between the lower end of the baffle plate and the upper end of the anode chamber liquid supply unit is 20 to 150 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate and the anode is 5 to 15 mm,
The distance between the baffle plate and the partition is 20 to 30 mm.
Electrolytic cell. The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit and the anode is 3 to 7 mm,
The distance between the anode-side electrolyte supply unit and the partition wall is 2 to 6 mm,
A distance between the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit and the cathode is 6.5 to 10.5 mm;
The electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein a distance between the cathode-side electrolyte supply unit and the partition wall is 2 to 6 mm. The anode side gas-liquid separator is
A storage chamber for storing the electrolyte mixed with the gas and separating the gas and the electrolyte;
A third opening for discharging the separated gas from the storage chamber;
The electrolysis cell according to claim 1 or 2 which has. The cathode side gas-liquid separator is
A storage chamber for storing the electrolyte mixed with the gas and separating the gas and the electrolyte;
A fourth opening for discharging the separated gas from the storage chamber;
The electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising:   The electrolysis cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the baffle plate is provided along a width direction of the anode chamber.   6. The anode according to claim 1, wherein the anode-side electrolyte supply unit is a pipe having a fifth opening that is disposed along the width direction of the anode chamber and supplies the electrolyte to the anode chamber. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1.   The said cathode side electrolyte supply part is a pipe which has the 6th opening part arrange | positioned along the width direction of the said cathode chamber, and supplies the said electrolyte solution to the said cathode chamber. The electrolytic cell according to claim 1. A plurality of electrolysis cells according to any one of claims 1 to 7 arranged in series;
An ion exchange membrane disposed between adjacent electrolysis cells;
A bipolar electrolytic cell comprising at least

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