JP5830430B2 - Electrolyzed water production equipment - Google Patents
Electrolyzed water production equipment Download PDFInfo
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- JP5830430B2 JP5830430B2 JP2012103179A JP2012103179A JP5830430B2 JP 5830430 B2 JP5830430 B2 JP 5830430B2 JP 2012103179 A JP2012103179 A JP 2012103179A JP 2012103179 A JP2012103179 A JP 2012103179A JP 5830430 B2 JP5830430 B2 JP 5830430B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 73
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 23
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 21
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 11
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000288 alkali metal carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000008041 alkali metal carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydroxide ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000028 potassium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000015497 potassium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011736 potassium bicarbonate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CCNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 AFCARXCZXQIEQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O.OC(O)=O HFNQLYDPNAZRCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiridium Chemical compound O=[Ir]=O HTXDPTMKBJXEOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000457 iridium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940086066 potassium hydrogencarbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000638 solvent extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002341 toxic gas Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
Description
本発明は、電解質を含む水溶液を電気分解して電解水を製造する装置に関し、特に、電解槽として２室型の有隔膜電解槽を用い、陽極室に電解質溶液を循環供給してアルカリ性電解水を生成する電解水製造装置に関する。 The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing electrolyzed water by electrolyzing an aqueous solution containing an electrolyte, and in particular, an alkaline electrolyzed water using a two-chamber type diaphragm electrolyzer as an electrolyzer and circulatingly supplying an electrolyte solution to an anode chamber. The present invention relates to an electrolyzed water production apparatus that generates
電解質として炭酸水素ナトリウム（ＮａＨＣＯ3）、炭酸カリウム（Ｋ2ＣＯ3）などのアルカリ金属イオンを含有する塩を用いた水溶液を電解することによって、電解槽の陰極側からはアルカリ性電解水が得られる。アルカリ性電解水は、水酸化物イオンを多量に含んで強いアルカリ性を示すため、油分やたんぱく質を含む汚れに対して強い洗浄力を有するほか、鉄など一部の金属に対して防錆効果があることが知られている。そのため、アルカリ性電解水は、特に金属加工業などの現場での使用が期待されている。アルカリ性電解水の生成に際し、電解質としてアルカリ金属の炭酸塩や炭酸水素塩（重炭酸塩）を用いると、塩化ナトリウム（ＮａＣｌ）などのハロゲン化物を電解質として用いた場合と異なり、電解槽での陽極反応において塩素などの腐食性や毒性を有するガスを発生しない。 By electrolyzing an aqueous solution using a salt containing alkali metal ions such as sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO 3 ) and potassium carbonate (K 2 CO 3 ) as an electrolyte, alkaline electrolyzed water is obtained from the cathode side of the electrolytic cell. . Since alkaline electrolyzed water contains a large amount of hydroxide ions and exhibits strong alkalinity, it has a strong detergency against dirt containing oil and protein, and also has a rust-proofing effect on some metals such as iron. It is known. Therefore, alkaline electrolyzed water is expected to be used in the field such as metal processing industry. In the production of alkaline electrolyzed water, if an alkali metal carbonate or bicarbonate (bicarbonate) is used as the electrolyte, unlike the case where a halide such as sodium chloride (NaCl) is used as the electrolyte, the anode in the electrolytic cell Does not generate corrosive or toxic gases such as chlorine in the reaction.
アルカリ性電解水を製造する方法としては、特許文献１に記載されるように、イオン交換機能を有する隔膜を使用して電解槽を陰極室及び陽極室に区分した２室型の有隔膜電解槽を用いる方法がある。陰極室には陰極が備えられ、陽極室には陽極が備えられ、隔膜によって陰極室と陽極室とが仕切られている。このような電解槽を用いた電解水製造装置では、陽極室に対して高濃度の電解質水溶液を循環させることで、隔膜を介して陰極室にそれぞれ陽イオンを安定して供給することが可能となり、陰極室において安定してアルカリ性電解水を生成することが可能となる。その際、陰極室には、電解質を含ませていない原水が、外部に供給されたアルカリ性電解水に見合うだけ供給される。 As a method for producing alkaline electrolyzed water, as described in Patent Document 1, a two-chamber type diaphragm electrolytic cell in which an electrolytic cell is divided into a cathode chamber and an anode chamber using a diaphragm having an ion exchange function is used. There is a method to use. The cathode chamber is provided with a cathode, the anode chamber is provided with an anode, and the cathode chamber and the anode chamber are partitioned by a diaphragm. In the electrolyzed water production apparatus using such an electrolytic cell, it becomes possible to stably supply cations to the cathode chamber through the diaphragm by circulating a high concentration electrolyte aqueous solution to the anode chamber. It is possible to stably generate alkaline electrolyzed water in the cathode chamber. At that time, raw water containing no electrolyte is supplied to the cathode chamber as much as the alkaline electrolytic water supplied to the outside.
隔膜としては、一般に、高分子材料からなるイオン交換膜が使用され、そのような膜はたわみ易く容易に変形する。２室型の電解槽では１枚の隔膜の両側に電極が配置されるため、電極によって隔膜を挟持することは可能である。しかしながら実際には、陽極室や陰極室からの液漏れを防ぐ必要があり、また、隔膜は陽極室と陰極室との間での溶液の接触を防ぐ機能を有する必要があるから、電解槽の陽極室側の構造体と隔膜の外周部の間、及び、陰極室側の構造体と隔膜の外周部との間には、ガスケットやＯ−リングといったシール部材が配置される。陽極及び陰極は、それぞれ陽極室側の構造体及び陰極室側の構造体に取り付けられる。そのため、シール材が厚みを有することによって生ずる隙間や、電極（陽極及び陰極）の傾きなどによって、隔膜と電極と完全に密着させることは難しい。陽極室や陰極室において、隔膜と電極との間に隙間ができて両者間の距離が大きくなると、導電率の低い原水などがその隙間に流れ込んで電気抵抗が生ずることとなり、電解電圧の上昇や電解効率の低下がもたらされるほか、電極や隔膜の劣化を早めるおそれがある。したがって、有隔膜式の電解槽を有する電解水製造装置を長期にわたり安定して運転させるためには、隔膜と電極とを密着させた状態で固定することが必要である。なお、隔膜と電極を密着させて電解水を製造する際には、陰極室と陽極室との間でのイオンの移動を阻害しないために、電極としては多孔形状のもの、例えば、パンチングメタルによるものやメッシュ状のものが使用される。 As the diaphragm, an ion exchange membrane made of a polymer material is generally used, and such a membrane is easily bent and easily deformed. In the two-chamber type electrolytic cell, electrodes are disposed on both sides of one diaphragm, so that the diaphragm can be sandwiched between the electrodes. However, in actuality, it is necessary to prevent liquid leakage from the anode chamber and the cathode chamber, and the diaphragm needs to have a function to prevent contact of the solution between the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. Sealing members such as gaskets and O-rings are arranged between the structure on the anode chamber side and the outer periphery of the diaphragm, and between the structure on the cathode chamber side and the outer periphery of the diaphragm. The anode and the cathode are attached to the structure on the anode chamber side and the structure on the cathode chamber side, respectively. Therefore, it is difficult to make the diaphragm and the electrode completely adhere to each other due to a gap generated when the sealing material has a thickness, an inclination of the electrode (anode and cathode), or the like. In the anode chamber or the cathode chamber, when a gap is formed between the diaphragm and the electrode and the distance between the two becomes large, raw water having a low conductivity flows into the gap and an electric resistance is generated, and an increase in electrolytic voltage is caused. In addition to a decrease in electrolytic efficiency, there is a risk of deteriorating the electrodes and diaphragm. Therefore, in order to stably operate the electrolyzed water production apparatus having the diaphragm type electrolytic cell for a long period of time, it is necessary to fix the diaphragm and the electrode in close contact with each other. When producing electrolyzed water by closely contacting the diaphragm and the electrode, in order not to inhibit the movement of ions between the cathode chamber and the anode chamber, the electrode is made of a porous material such as punching metal. A thing or a mesh-like thing is used.
有隔膜式電解槽を用いる電解水製造装置では、電解効率を向上させ、隔膜の寿命を長くし、長期間にわたって安定して電解水生成を行うためには、隔膜と電極との密着性を安定して保持する必要があり、隔膜に大きな負荷を与えずに密着性を保持する有効な手法が求められている。 In an electrolyzed water production system that uses a diaphragm-type electrolytic cell, in order to improve electrolysis efficiency, extend the life of the diaphragm, and stably generate electrolyzed water over a long period of time, the adhesion between the diaphragm and the electrode is stable. Therefore, there is a need for an effective method for maintaining adhesion without applying a large load to the diaphragm.
本発明の目的は、２室型の有隔膜式の電解槽を用いてアルカリ性電解水を生成する電解水製造装置であって、隔膜に大きな負荷をかけることなく電極と隔膜の密着性を保持することができ、長期間にわたる安定運転が可能な電解水製造装置を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is an electrolyzed water production apparatus that generates alkaline electrolyzed water using a two-chamber diaphragm electrolyzer, and maintains the adhesion between the electrode and the diaphragm without imposing a large load on the diaphragm. It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrolyzed water production apparatus that can operate stably over a long period of time.
本発明の電解水製造装置は、多孔形状の陽極を配した陽極室と、多孔形状の陰極を配した陰極室と、陽極室と陰極室を隔てる陽イオン交換膜からなる隔膜とを備える電解槽を有し、隔膜の外周部と陰極との間に電解槽からの液漏れを防ぐシール部材が介在し、陰極室においてアルカリ性電解水を生成する電解水製造装置において、陽極室に供給される電解質水溶液を保持するタンクと、タンクから電解質水溶液を陽極室に循環供給する循環供給手段と、を備え、陽極室内の圧力を陰極室内の圧力よりも高くして隔膜の陰極への密着状態を保持することを特徴とする。 An electrolyzed water production apparatus of the present invention comprises an anode chamber provided with a porous anode, a cathode chamber provided with a porous cathode, and a diaphragm comprising a cation exchange membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber. In the electrolyzed water production apparatus for producing alkaline electrolyzed water in the cathode chamber, an electrolyte supplied to the anode chamber is interposed between the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm and the cathode, and a sealing member for preventing liquid leakage from the electrolytic cell is interposed A tank for holding the aqueous solution, and a circulation supply means for circulating and supplying the aqueous electrolyte solution from the tank to the anode chamber, and maintaining the pressure in the anode chamber higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber to keep the diaphragm in close contact with the cathode It is characterized by that.
本発明は、陽極室内の圧力を陰極室内の圧力よりも高くすることにより、隔膜の外周部と陰極室との間にシール部材が介在する場合であっても、隔膜及び各電極に対する負荷を低減させつつ隔膜を陰極に密着させることができて電解の効率を向上させることができる。また、変形の繰り返しによる隔膜の劣化を防ぐことができる。これらにより、２室型の有膜式電解槽を有する電解水製造装置を長期にわたり安定して運転させることができる、という効果がある。 The present invention reduces the load on the diaphragm and each electrode even when a seal member is interposed between the outer periphery of the diaphragm and the cathode chamber by making the pressure in the anode chamber higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber. Thus, the diaphragm can be brought into close contact with the cathode, and the efficiency of electrolysis can be improved. Moreover, the deterioration of the diaphragm due to repeated deformation can be prevented. By these, there exists an effect that the electrolyzed water manufacturing apparatus which has a two-chamber type membrane-type electrolytic cell can be operated stably over a long period of time.
次に、本発明の実施の形態について、図面を参照して説明する。 Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図１に示す本発明の実施の一形態の電解水製造装置は、アルカリ性電解水を生成する２室型の有隔膜式の電解槽１を備えている。電解槽１は、陽極１２を配した陽極室１１と、陰極１４を配した陰極室１３とを備えている。陽極室１１と陰極室１３との間は、陽イオン交換膜からなる隔膜１５によって仕切られている。陽極室１１及び陰極室１３は、いずれも、例えば、隔膜１５が配置されるべき位置に開口を有する略直方体の容器状の構造体として形成されており、電解槽１は、陽極室１１側の構造体の開口面（例えばフランジ面）と陰極室１３側の構造体の開口面とによって隔膜１５を挟み込んだ構造を有している。隔膜１５によって陽極室１１と陰極室１３とが完全に仕切られ、かつ、電解槽１からの液漏れが生じないように、陽極室１１側の開口面と隔膜１５の外周部との間には、ガスケットあるいはＯ−リングなどのシール部材１６が配置されており、同様に、陰極室１３側の開口面と隔膜１５の外周部との間にもシール部材１７が配置されている。シール部材１６，１７の厚みは、例えば、０．１ｍｍ〜１ｍｍ程度のものである。図示していないが、外部の直流電源により、陽極１２が正（＋）に陰極１５が負（−）となるように直流電圧が印加されるようになっている。 The electrolyzed water production apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a two-chamber diaphragm membrane electrolytic cell 1 that generates alkaline electrolyzed water. The electrolytic cell 1 includes an anode chamber 11 provided with an anode 12 and a cathode chamber 13 provided with a cathode 14. The anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 are partitioned by a diaphragm 15 made of a cation exchange membrane. The anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 are both formed as, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped container-like structure having an opening at a position where the diaphragm 15 is to be disposed. The diaphragm 15 is sandwiched between the opening surface (for example, the flange surface) of the structure and the opening surface of the structure on the cathode chamber 13 side. The anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 are completely partitioned by the diaphragm 15, and between the opening surface on the anode chamber 11 side and the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 15 so that liquid leakage from the electrolytic cell 1 does not occur. Further, a seal member 16 such as a gasket or an O-ring is disposed. Similarly, a seal member 17 is disposed between the opening surface on the cathode chamber 13 side and the outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 15. The thickness of the sealing members 16 and 17 is, for example, about 0.1 mm to 1 mm. Although not shown, a DC voltage is applied by an external DC power supply so that the anode 12 is positive (+) and the cathode 15 is negative (-).
陽極１２及び陰極１４は、多孔形状の板状電極として構成されるものであって、例えば、金属メッシュ、パンチングメタルなどからなる。陽極１２は、その隔膜１５側の表面が陽極室１１の開口面によって形成される平面上にあるように陽極室１１内に配置され、同様に、陰極１４は、その隔膜１５側の表面が陰極室１３の開口面によって形成される平面上にあるように陰極室１３内に配置されている。後述するように本実施形態では、隔膜１５が陰極１４の表面に対して密着するように構成されている。しかしながらシール部材１７があるので、隔膜１５はシール部材１７の厚さの分だけたわんで陰極１４に密着することになる。その分、陽極１２と隔膜１５との間には隙間が生じている。 The anode 12 and the cathode 14 are configured as porous plate-like electrodes, and are made of, for example, a metal mesh or a punching metal. The anode 12 is disposed in the anode chamber 11 such that the surface on the diaphragm 15 side is on a plane formed by the opening surface of the anode chamber 11. Similarly, the cathode 14 has the surface on the diaphragm 15 side in the cathode. The cathode chamber 13 is disposed so as to be on a plane formed by the opening surface of the chamber 13. As will be described later, in this embodiment, the diaphragm 15 is configured to be in close contact with the surface of the cathode 14. However, since there is the sealing member 17, the diaphragm 15 is bent by the thickness of the sealing member 17 and is in close contact with the cathode 14. Accordingly, a gap is formed between the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15.
陽極室１１に対して炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液、炭酸水素カリウム（ＫＨＣＯ3）溶液などの電解質溶液を供給するために電解質溶液貯留タンク３が設けられており、電解質溶液貯留タンク３からポンプ４により供給配管５を介して電解質溶液は陽極室１１の下端に供給され、陽極室１１の上端から排出配管６を経て電解質溶液貯留タンク３に戻されるようになっている。すなわち、供給配管５に設けられたポンプ４によって陽極室１１と電解質溶液貯留タンク３との間で電解質溶液が循環供給されることとなり、陽極室１１内では電解質溶液は下から上へと流れる。電解質溶液貯留タンク３には、常時、高濃度の電解質溶液が貯留されている。例えば、循環する電解質溶液を飽和溶液とするために、電解質溶液貯留タンク３には固形状の電解質（例えば固体の炭酸水素ナトリウム）を投入しておいてもよい。電解質溶液としては、上記の炭酸水素ナトリウム溶液及び炭酸水素カリウム溶液のほか、例えば、炭酸ナトリウム（Ｎａ2ＣＯ3）溶液あるいは炭酸カリウム溶液など、各種のアルカリ金属炭酸塩溶液やアルカリ金属炭酸水素塩溶液などを用いることができる。 An electrolyte solution storage tank 3 is provided for supplying an electrolyte solution such as a sodium hydrogen carbonate solution and a potassium hydrogen carbonate (KHCO 3 ) solution to the anode chamber 11, and a supply pipe is supplied from the electrolyte solution storage tank 3 by a pump 4. The electrolyte solution is supplied to the lower end of the anode chamber 11 through 5, and returned to the electrolyte solution storage tank 3 from the upper end of the anode chamber 11 through the discharge pipe 6. That is, the electrolyte solution is circulated and supplied between the anode chamber 11 and the electrolyte solution storage tank 3 by the pump 4 provided in the supply pipe 5, and the electrolyte solution flows from the bottom to the top in the anode chamber 11. The electrolyte solution storage tank 3 always stores a high concentration electrolyte solution. For example, in order to make the circulating electrolyte solution a saturated solution, a solid electrolyte (for example, solid sodium hydrogen carbonate) may be put into the electrolyte solution storage tank 3. Examples of the electrolyte solution include various alkali metal carbonate solutions and alkali metal bicarbonate solutions such as a sodium carbonate (Na 2 CO 3 ) solution and a potassium carbonate solution in addition to the above-described sodium bicarbonate solution and potassium bicarbonate solution. Etc. can be used.
陰極室１３には、その下端から、純水や軟化器で処理した軟水など、硬度成分を含まない水を原水として供給する。カルシウムやマグネシウムなどの硬度成分を含まない水を原水として供給するのは、ｐＨが高いアルカリ性電解水中で硬度成分がスケールとして析出するのを防ぐためである。電解反応により陰極室１３で生成したアルカリ性電解水は、陰極室１３の上端から外部に供給されるようになっている。したがって、この電解水製造装置では、陽極室１１及び陰極室１３のいずれにおいてもその内部での水の流れも下から上に向かう方向となっている。 From the lower end of the cathode chamber 13, water containing no hardness component such as pure water or soft water treated with a softener is supplied as raw water. The reason why water containing no hardness component such as calcium or magnesium is supplied as raw water is to prevent the hardness component from depositing as scale in alkaline electrolyzed water having a high pH. The alkaline electrolyzed water generated in the cathode chamber 13 by the electrolytic reaction is supplied to the outside from the upper end of the cathode chamber 13. Therefore, in this electrolyzed water production apparatus, the flow of water in both the anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 is directed from the bottom to the top.
この電解水製造装置では、ポンプ４により電解質溶液を陽極室１１に循環させつつ陰極室１３に原水を供給し、陽極１２と陰極１４との間に直流電圧を印加することによって、陽極室１１内の陽イオンが隔膜１５を介して陰極室１３側に移動する。その結果、電解水生成に関する公知の反応により、陰極室１３からはアルカリ性電解水が得られることになる。 In this electrolyzed water production apparatus, raw water is supplied to the cathode chamber 13 while circulating the electrolyte solution to the anode chamber 11 by the pump 4, and a direct current voltage is applied between the anode 12 and the cathode 14, whereby the inside of the anode chamber 11. Cations move to the cathode chamber 13 side through the diaphragm 15. As a result, alkaline electrolyzed water is obtained from the cathode chamber 13 by a known reaction relating to electrolyzed water generation.
本実施形態の電解水製造装置では、陽極室１１内の圧力を陰極室１３よりも高く設定することで、隔膜１５である陽イオン交換膜を陰極１４側に押し付けて密着させ、隔膜１５と陰極１４との間での電圧降下の発生を防止し、電解の効率を向上させる。陽極室１１内の圧力を上げるために、排出配管６には、圧力調整用のニードル弁７が設けられている。ニードル弁７は、配管に設けられて流量に応じた圧力差を発生する絞り手段として機能するものである。ポンプ４での吐出量とニードル弁７の開度とを調整することにより陽極室１１内の圧力を制御できるから、陰極室１３内での圧力変動を考慮して陽極室１１内の圧力を設定することによって、陽極室１１内の圧力を陰極室１３内の圧力よりも高くすることができる。隔膜１５がたわんで陰極１４の表面に密着した結果、隔膜１５と陽極１２の表面との間に隙間が形成されてこの隙間内に電解質溶液が入り込むことになるが、陽極室１１内の電解質溶液は陰極室１３内の原水に比べて導電率が著しく高いので、後述の実施例３で示すように、隔膜１５と陽極１２の表面の間で発生する電圧降下は微々たるものであり、電解効率を低下させない。 In the electrolyzed water production apparatus of the present embodiment, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is set higher than that in the cathode chamber 13, so that the cation exchange membrane, which is the diaphragm 15, is pressed and brought into close contact with the cathode 14 side. 14 is prevented, and the efficiency of electrolysis is improved. In order to increase the pressure in the anode chamber 11, a pressure adjusting needle valve 7 is provided in the discharge pipe 6. The needle valve 7 functions as a throttle means that is provided in the pipe and generates a pressure difference according to the flow rate. Since the pressure in the anode chamber 11 can be controlled by adjusting the discharge amount of the pump 4 and the opening degree of the needle valve 7, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is set in consideration of the pressure fluctuation in the cathode chamber 13. By doing so, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 can be made higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13. As a result of the diaphragm 15 being bent and closely contacting the surface of the cathode 14, a gap is formed between the diaphragm 15 and the surface of the anode 12, and the electrolyte solution enters the gap, but the electrolyte solution in the anode chamber 11. Has a remarkably higher electrical conductivity than the raw water in the cathode chamber 13, so that the voltage drop generated between the surface of the diaphragm 15 and the anode 12 is insignificant, as shown in Example 3 described later. Does not decrease.
陽極室１１内の圧力を陰極室１３内の圧力よりも高くする手法としては、上述した排出配管６にニードル弁や絞りを設けるもののほか、陽極室１１を出た後の電解質溶液の出口を電解槽１よりも高い位置で大気に開放し、電解槽１と電解質溶液出口との高低差の分だけの水頭圧が陽極室１１に加わるような方法を用いることができる。 As a method of making the pressure in the anode chamber 11 higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13, in addition to providing a needle valve and a throttle in the discharge pipe 6 described above, the electrolyte solution outlet after leaving the anode chamber 11 is electrolyzed. It is possible to use a method in which the head is opened to the atmosphere at a position higher than the tank 1 and a water head pressure corresponding to the difference in height between the electrolytic cell 1 and the electrolyte solution outlet is applied to the anode chamber 11.
ところで、図１に示した構成では、ガスケットなどのシール部材１７の分だけ隔膜１５をたわませて隔膜１５を陰極１４の表面に密着させている。この場合、陰極１４の接液部（すなわち陰極１４の隔膜１５側の表面であってシール部材１７によって覆われない部分）であってシール部材１７の近傍の位置（すなわち接液部の外縁部）では、隔膜１５と陰極１４とが十分に密着しないおそれがあり、また、たわませたことの影響が隔膜１５に及ぶおそれもある。そこで、陰極１４として、シール部材１７の厚さの分だけ接液部が押し出されて形成され、それにより、接液部の周囲に対してシール部材１７がフィットして、シール部材１７の隔膜１５側の表面と接液部の表面との間に段差が生じないようにしたものを使用することもできる。図２は、そのような陰極１４の構造を示すものであって、（ａ）は断面図であり、（ｂ）は平面図である。陰極１４は略長方形の板状の部材として設けられており、直流電源との電気的な接続のためにタブ状の給電端子１４ａを備えている。陽極室１１と陰極室１３との間のイオンの移動を妨げないように、陰極１４には多数の孔部１４ｂが形成されている。接液部１４ｃに対応して陰極１４はシール部材１７の厚みの分だけ厚く形成されており、これによって、シール部材１７の内周面に接液部１４ｃがぴったりと嵌まり込み、シール部材１７の表面と接液部１４ｃの表面との間に段差が生じないようになる。このような陰極１４を用いると、陽極室１１内の圧力を陰極室１３内の圧力を高めることにより、隔膜１５がたわまないでぴったりと陰極１４の接液部１４ｃの表面に密着することとなる。これにより、隔膜１５に機械的なストレスを加えることなく、隔膜１５と陰極１４との間で生じる電圧をさらに低下させることができるようになる。 In the configuration shown in FIG. 1, the diaphragm 15 is bent by the amount of the sealing member 17 such as a gasket so that the diaphragm 15 is in close contact with the surface of the cathode 14. In this case, the liquid contact portion of the cathode 14 (that is, the surface of the cathode 14 on the side of the diaphragm 15 that is not covered by the seal member 17) and the position near the seal member 17 (that is, the outer edge portion of the liquid contact portion). Then, there is a possibility that the diaphragm 15 and the cathode 14 are not sufficiently adhered to each other, and there is a possibility that the effect of bending is exerted on the diaphragm 15. Therefore, the cathode 14 is formed by extruding the liquid contact portion by the thickness of the seal member 17, whereby the seal member 17 fits around the liquid contact portion, and the diaphragm 15 of the seal member 17 is formed. It is also possible to use one that does not cause a step between the surface on the side and the surface of the wetted part. FIG. 2 shows the structure of such a cathode 14, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view and (b) is a plan view. The cathode 14 is provided as a substantially rectangular plate-like member, and includes a tab-shaped power supply terminal 14a for electrical connection with a DC power source. A large number of holes 14 b are formed in the cathode 14 so as not to hinder the movement of ions between the anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13. Corresponding to the liquid contact portion 14 c, the cathode 14 is formed to be thicker by the thickness of the seal member 17, so that the liquid contact portion 14 c fits snugly into the inner peripheral surface of the seal member 17, and the seal member 17. No step is generated between the surface of the liquid and the surface of the liquid contact portion 14c. When such a cathode 14 is used, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is increased to increase the pressure in the cathode chamber 13, so that the diaphragm 15 does not bend and closely contacts the surface of the liquid contact portion 14 c of the cathode 14. It becomes. Thus, the voltage generated between the diaphragm 15 and the cathode 14 can be further reduced without applying mechanical stress to the diaphragm 15.
以上説明した電解水製造装置では、陽極室１１内を陰極室１３内よりも高い圧力として隔膜１５を陰極１４の表面に密着させている。しかしながら、陰極室１１からのアルカリ性電解水の供給先の変更などにより、陰極室１３内の方が陽極室１１内よりも圧力が高くなる場合がある。そのような場合においても電解槽１への負荷を低減するため、隔膜１５を陰極１４に当接させる支持体を陽極室１１内に設け、隔膜１５を陰極１４により確実に密着させるようにすることもできる。図３はこのような支持体を設けた電解水製造装置を示している。図３に示したものでは、陽極１２と隔膜１５とに当接する支持体２０を設けけ、隔膜２５と陰極１４との密着性を維持するようにしている。支持体２０を設ける空間を確保するために、陽極１２は、図１に示したものに比べ、陽極室１１の内部方向に後退して設けられている。図４は、支持体２０の構成を示している。図４においては、支持体２０と隔膜１５との位置関係を明示するために、陽極１２については点線で示して陽極１２によって隠れるべき部分も図示されるようにしている。支持体２０は、陽極室１１内における水の流れを阻害しないように、電解槽１内で上下方向（すなわち水の流れ方向）に延びて対向する２側面がそれぞれ陽極１２及び隔膜１５に当接する角柱状の複数本の角棒部材２１と、これらの複数本の角棒部材２１に対して垂直に交わる丸棒部材２２によって構成されている。 In the electrolyzed water production apparatus described above, the diaphragm 15 is brought into close contact with the surface of the cathode 14 with the pressure in the anode chamber 11 higher than that in the cathode chamber 13. However, the pressure in the cathode chamber 13 may be higher than that in the anode chamber 11 due to a change in the supply destination of alkaline electrolyzed water from the cathode chamber 11. Even in such a case, in order to reduce the load on the electrolytic cell 1, a support body for bringing the diaphragm 15 into contact with the cathode 14 is provided in the anode chamber 11, and the diaphragm 15 is securely adhered to the cathode 14. You can also. FIG. 3 shows an electrolyzed water production apparatus provided with such a support. In the structure shown in FIG. 3, a support 20 that contacts the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15 is provided to maintain the adhesion between the diaphragm 25 and the cathode 14. In order to secure a space in which the support 20 is provided, the anode 12 is provided so as to recede toward the inside of the anode chamber 11 as compared with that shown in FIG. FIG. 4 shows the configuration of the support 20. In FIG. 4, in order to clearly show the positional relationship between the support 20 and the diaphragm 15, the anode 12 is indicated by a dotted line so that a portion to be hidden by the anode 12 is also illustrated. The support 20 extends in the vertical direction (that is, the water flow direction) in the electrolytic cell 1 so that the two side surfaces facing each other are in contact with the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15 so as not to obstruct the flow of water in the anode chamber 11. A plurality of prismatic prismatic bar members 21 and a round bar member 22 that intersects with the plurality of prismatic bar members 21 perpendicularly.
さらに、陽極１２や陰極１４のたわみや傾きを抑えるために、陽極１２自体を保持する支持体や陰極１４自体を保持する支持体をそれぞれ陽極室１１や陰極室１３内に設けてもよい。図５は、陽極１２と隔膜１５との間に設けられる支持体２０の他に、陽極１２自体を保持する支持体２３と、陰極１４自体を保持する支持体２４を電解槽１内に備えた構成を示す平面図であり、図６は支持体２０，２３，２４を示す斜視図である。支持体２３は、陽極１２をその隔膜１５に面しない方の面から保持するものであり、図４に示した支持体２０と同様に、陽極室１１内での水の流れ方向に延びて側面が陽極１２に当接する複数本の角棒部材２１と、これらの複数本の角棒部材２１に対して垂直に交わる丸棒部材２２によって構成されている。陽極１２は、支持体２０と支持体２３とによって挟まれることになる。陰極室１３内にあって陰極１４を保持する支持体２４は、陰極１４をその隔膜１５に面しない方の面から支持するものであり、支持体２３と同じ形状のものであって、陰極室１３内での水の流れ方向に延びて側面が陰極１４に当接する複数本の角棒部材２１と、これらの複数本の角棒部材２１に対して垂直に交わる丸棒部材２２によって構成されている。これにより、陰極１４及び隔膜１５は、支持体２０と支持体２４とによって挟まれることになる。ここで重要なことは、隔膜１５に対して過度の負荷をかけないように、隔膜１５側の支持体２０における角棒部材２１の位置と陰極１５側の支持体２４における角棒部材２１の位置とが重なりあわないようにすることであり、図示したものでは、角棒部材２１の位置は互い違いとなっている。 Further, in order to suppress the deflection and inclination of the anode 12 and the cathode 14, a support for holding the anode 12 itself and a support for holding the cathode 14 itself may be provided in the anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13, respectively. In FIG. 5, in addition to the support body 20 provided between the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15, a support body 23 for holding the anode 12 itself and a support body 24 for holding the cathode 14 itself are provided in the electrolytic cell 1. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing the support bodies 20, 23, and 24. FIG. The support 23 holds the anode 12 from the side not facing the diaphragm 15 and extends in the direction of water flow in the anode chamber 11 in the same manner as the support 20 shown in FIG. Is composed of a plurality of square bar members 21 that contact the anode 12 and a round bar member 22 that intersects the plurality of square bar members 21 perpendicularly. The anode 12 is sandwiched between the support 20 and the support 23. The support 24 that holds the cathode 14 in the cathode chamber 13 supports the cathode 14 from the surface that does not face the diaphragm 15 and has the same shape as the support 23. 13 is composed of a plurality of square bar members 21 that extend in the direction of water flow in 13 and whose side surfaces are in contact with the cathode 14, and a round bar member 22 that intersects the plurality of square bar members 21 perpendicularly. Yes. As a result, the cathode 14 and the diaphragm 15 are sandwiched between the support 20 and the support 24. What is important here is that the position of the square bar member 21 on the support body 20 on the diaphragm 15 side and the position of the square bar member 21 on the support body 24 on the cathode 15 side so that an excessive load is not applied to the diaphragm 15. And the positions of the square bar members 21 are staggered in the illustrated case.
上述した各支持体２０，２３，２４は、電解質溶液や電解水に対して耐食性を有する材料で構成される。例えば、塩化ビニル樹脂によって支持体は構成される。このような支持体は、電解槽からは分離可能なように構成されてもよいし、電解槽に対して直接接着されていてもよいし、あるいは電解槽と一体となった形状のものであってもよい。 Each of the supports 20, 23, 24 described above is made of a material that has corrosion resistance to the electrolyte solution and the electrolyzed water. For example, the support is made of vinyl chloride resin. Such a support may be configured to be separable from the electrolytic cell, may be directly bonded to the electrolytic cell, or has a shape integrated with the electrolytic cell. May be.
ここで示している例では、例えばニードル弁７を設けることによって陽極室１１内の圧力の方が陰極室１３内の圧力より高くなるようにしているので、支持体２０は、隔膜１５を強く陰極１４に押圧するものである必要はなく、各電極及び隔膜１５に軽く当接する程度のものでよい。 In the example shown here, for example, by providing the needle valve 7, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is made higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13, so that the support 20 strongly strengthens the diaphragm 15. It is not necessary to press against the electrode 14, and it is sufficient to lightly contact each electrode and the diaphragm 15.
次に、上述した電解水製造装置を実際に製作し、アルカリ性電解水を製造した例について説明する。 Next, the example which manufactured the electrolyzed water manufacturing apparatus mentioned above actually and manufactured alkaline electrolyzed water is demonstrated.
《実施例１》
（１）陽イオン交換膜
隔膜１５に用いる陽イオン交換膜として、フッ素系陽イオン交換膜（デュポン製ナフィオンＮ−４２４、厚さ１８３μｍ）を縦１２ｃｍ、横１１ｃｍに切断したものを使用した。
Example 1
(1) Cation exchange membrane As a cation exchange membrane used for the diaphragm 15, what cut | disconnected a fluorine-type cation exchange membrane (DuPont Nafion N-424, thickness 183 micrometers) to 12 cm long and 11 cm wide was used.
（２）電解水製造装置
上記の陽イオン交換膜を隔膜として用いて、図１に示した構成の電解水製造装置を作製した。陽極１２としては、チタン基板に酸化イリジウムと白金を被覆したパンチングメタル形状の電極を選定し、陰極１４としては、チタン基板に白金を被覆したパンチングメタル形状の電極を使用した。各電極は、有効面積が１００ｃｍ2で、開口率が４７．２％となるように表面に直径３ｍｍの孔を有している。陰極１４に密着するように隔膜１５を配設し、電解槽１内を仕切ることで２槽式の電解槽を作製した。なお陽極１２と隔膜１５との間のシール部材１６として、また、陰極１４と隔膜１５との間のシール部材１７として、それぞれ、厚さ０．５ｍｍのガスケットを配設した。ガスケットは、ＥＰＤＭ（エチレン・プロピレン・ジエンモノマー）ゴムからなる。シール部材１７としてこのようなガスケットを設けたことにより、隔膜１５がたわんでいない状態では、隔膜１５と陰極１４の表面との間にはガスケットの厚さの分だけの空隙が生じることになるので、陽極室１１と陰極室１３との間の圧力差によって隔膜１５をたわませて、隔膜１５を陰極１４の表面に密着させるようにした。陽極室１１と陰極室１３の容積は各々１００ｃｍ3とした。
(2) Electrolyzed water production apparatus Using the cation exchange membrane as a diaphragm, an electrolyzed water production apparatus having the configuration shown in FIG. 1 was produced. As the anode 12, a punching metal electrode having a titanium substrate coated with iridium oxide and platinum was selected, and as the cathode 14, a punching metal electrode having a titanium substrate coated with platinum was used. Each electrode has a hole with a diameter of 3 mm on the surface so that the effective area is 100 cm 2 and the aperture ratio is 47.2%. The diaphragm 15 was arrange | positioned so that it might closely_contact | adhere to the cathode 14, and the electrolytic cell 1 was produced by partitioning the inside of the electrolytic cell 1. A gasket having a thickness of 0.5 mm was disposed as a seal member 16 between the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15 and as a seal member 17 between the cathode 14 and the diaphragm 15. The gasket is made of EPDM (ethylene / propylene / diene monomer) rubber. By providing such a gasket as the seal member 17, when the diaphragm 15 is not bent, a gap corresponding to the thickness of the gasket is generated between the diaphragm 15 and the surface of the cathode 14. The diaphragm 15 was bent by the pressure difference between the anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 so that the diaphragm 15 was brought into close contact with the surface of the cathode 14. The volumes of the anode chamber 11 and the cathode chamber 13 were each 100 cm 3 .
陽極室１１に供給される電解質として飽和炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を用いることとし、陽極室１１には、電解質溶液貯留タンク３内の炭酸水素ナトリウム水溶液を陽極室１１の下部から上部へ通液するための供給配管５と排出配管６とを接続した。陽極室１１に対し、ポンプ４によって電解質溶液を５Ｌ／分で循環通水した。このときの陽極室１１の出口における水圧は１６ｋＰａであるようにした。陰極室１３には、純水を流速１Ｌ／分で通水した。この状態で電解電流を１４Ａとする定電流電解を行い、電解中に陰極室１３出口における圧力を３，６，８，１０，１２，１４ｋＰａと変化させた。陰極室１３の出口圧力変更から３分後の電解電圧として１秒間間隔で１分間計測し、平均値を算出した。ここでいう電解電圧とは、電解電流を流している状態での陽極１２と陰極１４との電極間電圧のことである。結果を図７に示す。陰極室１３の出口の圧力を３〜１４ｋＰａに変動させたときも、陽極室１１内の圧力が陰極室１３内の圧力よりも高い状態が保たれており、電解電圧は５．２Ｖで安定していた。 A saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution is used as an electrolyte supplied to the anode chamber 11, and the sodium hydrogen carbonate aqueous solution in the electrolyte solution storage tank 3 is passed through the anode chamber 11 from the lower portion to the upper portion of the anode chamber 11. The supply pipe 5 and the discharge pipe 6 were connected. The electrolyte solution was circulated through the anode chamber 11 at a rate of 5 L / min by the pump 4. The water pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11 at this time was 16 kPa. Pure water was passed through the cathode chamber 13 at a flow rate of 1 L / min. In this state, constant current electrolysis with an electrolysis current of 14 A was performed, and the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 was changed to 3, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 kPa during electrolysis. The electrolysis voltage 3 minutes after changing the outlet pressure of the cathode chamber 13 was measured for 1 minute at intervals of 1 second, and the average value was calculated. The electrolytic voltage here is a voltage between the anode 12 and the cathode 14 in a state where an electrolytic current is flowing. The results are shown in FIG. Even when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 is changed to 3 to 14 kPa, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is kept higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13, and the electrolytic voltage is stable at 5.2V. It was.
《比較例１−１，１−２》
実施例１と同様の電解水装置装置において、陽極室１１の出口の圧力を３ｋＰａ（比較例１−１）および１０ｋＰａ（比較例１−２）としたときに、実施例１と同様の実験を行い、電解電圧を測定した。結果を図７に示す。比較例１−１，１−２では、陰極室１３の出口の圧力が陽極室１１の出口の圧力を超えたところから電解電圧が上昇を始めた。特に、陰極室１３の出口の圧力が１４ｋＰａとなったとき、陽極室１１の出口圧力が３ｋＰａの条件では１１．０Ｖ、１０ｋＰａの条件では９．８Ｖまで電解電圧が上昇した。実施例１では陰極室１３内の圧力を変動させたときも安定して５．２Ｖ程度の電解電圧を保っていたことから、電解時の陽極室１１の圧力を陰極室１３の圧力よりも高く保つことで、電解槽１にかかる負荷を大幅に低減できることが示された。
<< Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2 >>
In the same electrolyzed water device as in Example 1, when the pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11 was 3 kPa (Comparative Example 1-1) and 10 kPa (Comparative Example 1-2), the same experiment as in Example 1 was performed. And the electrolysis voltage was measured. The results are shown in FIG. In Comparative Examples 1-1 and 1-2, the electrolysis voltage started to increase when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 exceeded the pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11. In particular, when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 was 14 kPa, the electrolysis voltage increased to 19.8 V when the outlet pressure of the anode chamber 11 was 3 kPa and 9.8 V under the conditions of 10 kPa. In Example 1, since the electrolytic voltage of about 5.2 V was stably maintained even when the pressure in the cathode chamber 13 was varied, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 during electrolysis was higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13. It was shown that the load applied to the electrolytic cell 1 can be significantly reduced by maintaining the voltage.
《実施例２》
実施例１に示した電解水製造装置において、図２に示したように接液部が０．５ｍｍだけ隔膜１５側にせり出した構造の陰極１４を使用して、実施例１と同様の実験を行った。結果を図８に示す。せり出し量の０．５ｍｍは、シール部材１７の厚さと同じ値であり、これにより、隔膜１５はたわむことなく陰極１４の表面に密着できることになる。実施例２においても陰極室１４出口の圧力を３〜１４ｋＰａの範囲で変動させたときに、電解電圧は４．６Ｖで安定していた。この４．６Ｖという電解電圧は実施例１の場合よりも低く、隔膜１５をたわませることなく陰極１４の表面に密着させることによって、さらに電解効率が向上することがわかる。
Example 2
In the electrolyzed water production apparatus shown in Example 1, an experiment similar to that in Example 1 was performed using the cathode 14 having a structure in which the liquid contact portion protruded by 0.5 mm toward the diaphragm 15 as shown in FIG. went. The results are shown in FIG. The protruding amount of 0.5 mm is the same value as the thickness of the seal member 17, so that the diaphragm 15 can be in close contact with the surface of the cathode 14 without bending. Also in Example 2, when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 14 was varied in the range of 3 to 14 kPa, the electrolytic voltage was stable at 4.6V. The electrolytic voltage of 4.6 V is lower than that in Example 1, and it can be seen that the electrolytic efficiency is further improved by bringing the diaphragm 15 into close contact with the surface of the cathode 14 without bending.
《比較例２−１，２−２》
実施例２と同様の電解水装置装置において、陽極室１１の出口の圧力を３ｋＰａ（比較例２−１）および１０ｋＰａ（比較例２−２）としたときに、実施例２と同様の実験を行い、電解電圧を測定した。結果を図８に示す。比較例２−１，２−２では、陰極室１３の出口の圧力が陽極室１１の出口の圧力を超えたところから電解電圧が上昇を始めた。特に、陰極室１３の出口の圧力が１４ｋＰａとなったとき、陽極室１１の出口圧力が３ｋＰａの条件では８．３Ｖ、１０ｋＰａの条件では７．１Ｖまで電解電圧が上昇した。実施例２では陰極室１３内のの圧力を変動させたときも安定して４．８Ｖ程度の電解電圧を保っていたことから、ここでも、電解時の陽極室１１の圧力を陰極室１３の圧力よりも高く保つことで、電解槽１にかかる負荷を大幅に低減できることが示された。
<< Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2 >>
In the same electrolyzed water device as in Example 2, when the pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11 was 3 kPa (Comparative Example 2-1) and 10 kPa (Comparative Example 2-2), the same experiment as in Example 2 was performed. And the electrolysis voltage was measured. The results are shown in FIG. In Comparative Examples 2-1 and 2-2, the electrolysis voltage started to increase when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 exceeded the pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11. In particular, when the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 was 14 kPa, the electrolysis voltage rose to 8.3 V when the outlet pressure of the anode chamber 11 was 3 kPa and 7.1 V under the conditions of 10 kPa. In Example 2, since the electrolytic voltage of about 4.8 V was stably maintained even when the pressure in the cathode chamber 13 was varied, the pressure in the anode chamber 11 during electrolysis was also changed here. It was shown that the load applied to the electrolytic cell 1 can be significantly reduced by keeping the pressure higher than the pressure.
《参考例１》
隔膜１５を陰極１４に当接させる支持体を設けたときの電解電圧を検討した。図３及び図４に示す支持体２０を陽極１２と隔膜１５との間に導入し、陽極室１１の出口における圧力を３ｋＰａとした条件で実施例１と同様の試験を行った。結果を図７に示す。陰極室１３の出口の圧力を３〜１４ｋＰａに変動させたとき、電解電圧は６．２Ｖ〜６．９Ｖの間で変化した。ここでは、陽極室１１内の圧力が陰極室１３内の圧力よりも高い、という条件は満たされていないが、比較例１−１と比較すると、支持体を導入することによって、電解電圧の上昇を抑えられることがわかる。
<< Reference Example 1 >>
The electrolysis voltage when a support body for bringing the diaphragm 15 into contact with the cathode 14 was provided was examined. The support 20 shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 was introduced between the anode 12 and the diaphragm 15, and the same test as in Example 1 was performed under the condition that the pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11 was 3 kPa. The results are shown in FIG. When the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 was varied from 3 to 14 kPa, the electrolysis voltage varied between 6.2 V and 6.9 V. Here, the condition that the pressure in the anode chamber 11 is higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber 13 is not satisfied. However, in comparison with Comparative Example 1-1, the electrolytic voltage is increased by introducing the support. It can be seen that it can be suppressed.
《実施例３》
本発明に基づく電解水製造装置では、陽極と隔膜との密着状態は保証されず、陽極と隔膜との隙間に進入した電解質溶液による電圧降下の影響が懸念されるところである。そこで、 陽極室１１に供給される電解質水溶液の導電率と電解電圧との関係を調べた。実施例１と同様の電解水製造装置を使用し、電解質溶液における炭酸水素ナトリウムの濃度を変化させることによって電解質溶液の導電率を変化させて、電解電圧を測定した。陽極室１１の出口における圧力は１６ｋＰａとし、陰極室１３の出口における圧力は３ｋＰａとした。流量等の条件は実施例１と同じにした。結果を図９に示す。また、導電率の代わりに炭酸水素ナトリウムの質量濃度を用いて表した結果を図１０に示す。電解質として炭酸水素ナトリウムはなく炭酸カリウムを用いたと仮定して炭酸カリウムの重量濃度に換算した結果を図１１に示す。図９より、電解質溶液の導電率がおおよそ２Ｓ／ｍ以上であれば導電率によらずに一定の電解電圧を示すことがわかった。また、多少の電解電圧の上昇はあるとしても、導電率が１Ｓ／ｍ以上であれば、その上昇は許容できて実用的であると考えられる。なお、導電率２Ｓ／ｍは、炭酸水素ナトリウム濃度であれば約６．１質量％、炭酸カリウム濃度であれば約３．２質量％、導電率１Ｓ／ｍは、炭酸水素ナトリウム濃度であれば約２．７質量％、炭酸カリウム濃度であれば約１．４質量％に相当する。
Example 3
In the electrolyzed water production apparatus according to the present invention, the contact state between the anode and the diaphragm is not guaranteed, and there is a concern about the influence of the voltage drop due to the electrolyte solution entering the gap between the anode and the diaphragm. Therefore, the relationship between the conductivity of the aqueous electrolyte solution supplied to the anode chamber 11 and the electrolysis voltage was examined. Using the same electrolyzed water production apparatus as in Example 1, the conductivity of the electrolyte solution was changed by changing the concentration of sodium bicarbonate in the electrolyte solution, and the electrolysis voltage was measured. The pressure at the outlet of the anode chamber 11 was 16 kPa, and the pressure at the outlet of the cathode chamber 13 was 3 kPa. Conditions such as the flow rate were the same as in Example 1. The results are shown in FIG. Moreover, the result represented using the mass concentration of sodium hydrogencarbonate instead of electrical conductivity is shown in FIG. FIG. 11 shows the result of conversion to the weight concentration of potassium carbonate on the assumption that potassium carbonate was used instead of sodium bicarbonate as the electrolyte. From FIG. 9, it was found that when the conductivity of the electrolyte solution is approximately 2 S / m or more, a constant electrolytic voltage is exhibited regardless of the conductivity. Moreover, even if there is a slight increase in the electrolysis voltage, if the conductivity is 1 S / m or more, the increase is considered to be acceptable and practical. The conductivity 2S / m is about 6.1% by mass for sodium bicarbonate concentration, about 3.2% by mass for potassium carbonate concentration, and the conductivity 1S / m is sodium bicarbonate concentration. If it is about 2.7 mass% and potassium carbonate concentration, it corresponds to about 1.4 mass%.
１ 電解槽
３ 電解質溶液貯留タンク
４ 循環ポンプ
５ 供給配管
６ 排出配管
７ ニードル弁
１１ 陽極室
１２ 陽極
１３ 陰極室
１４ 陰極
１４ａ 給電端子
１４ｂ 孔部
１４ｃ 接液部
１５ 隔膜
１６，１７ シール部材
２０，２３，２４ 支持体
２１ 角棒部材
２２ 丸棒部材
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrolysis tank 3 Electrolyte solution storage tank 4 Circulation pump 5 Supply piping 6 Discharge piping 7 Needle valve 11 Anode chamber 12 Anode 13 Cathode chamber 14 Cathode 14a Feeding terminal 14b Hole portion 14c Liquid contact portion 15 Diaphragms 16, 17 Seal members 20, 23 , 24 Support body 21 Square bar member 22 Round bar member
Claims (7)
前記陽極室に供給される電解質水溶液を保持するタンクと、
前記タンクから前記電解質水溶液を前記陽極室に循環供給する循環供給手段と、
を備え、
前記陽極室内の圧力を前記陰極室内の圧力よりも高くして前記隔膜の前記陰極への密着状態を保持することを特徴とする、電解水製造装置。 An electrolytic cell comprising an anode chamber provided with a porous anode, a cathode chamber provided with a porous cathode, and a diaphragm made of a cation exchange membrane separating the anode chamber and the cathode chamber; In the electrolyzed water production apparatus for producing alkaline electrolyzed water in the cathode chamber, a seal member for preventing liquid leakage from the electrolytic cell is interposed between the outer peripheral portion and the cathode.
A tank for holding an aqueous electrolyte solution supplied to the anode chamber;
Circulation supply means for circulatingly supplying the aqueous electrolyte solution from the tank to the anode chamber;
With
An apparatus for producing electrolyzed water, characterized in that the pressure in the anode chamber is made higher than the pressure in the cathode chamber to keep the diaphragm in close contact with the cathode.
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| JP6139761B1 (en) * | 2016-07-24 | 2017-05-31 | 株式会社テックコーポレーション | Electrolyzed water generator |
| JP6108020B1 (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2017-04-05 | 東亜ディーケーケー株式会社 | Ion exchange device and anion detection device |
| TWI629246B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-07-11 | 昆山納諾新材料科技有限公司 | Nano super ion water and preparation method of the same |
| CN114807992B (en) * | 2021-01-18 | 2024-07-05 | 庄政霖 | Two-tank type electrolytic tank |
| CN113802146B (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2024-03-26 | 中国华能集团清洁能源技术研究院有限公司 | Electrolytic cell diaphragm integrity online test system and use method |
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| JP4089965B2 (en) * | 2002-05-16 | 2008-05-28 | Ａｇｃエンジニアリング株式会社 | Method for producing electrolytic ionic water and apparatus therefor |
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