JP2014169617A - Building material - Google Patents

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JP2014169617A
JP2014169617A JP2014021378A JP2014021378A JP2014169617A JP 2014169617 A JP2014169617 A JP 2014169617A JP 2014021378 A JP2014021378 A JP 2014021378A JP 2014021378 A JP2014021378 A JP 2014021378A JP 2014169617 A JP2014169617 A JP 2014169617A
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sheet material
heat
building
shielding
humidity control
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JP6058569B2 (en
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Takamichi Teruyama
隆道 照山
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NIPPON AIM CO Ltd
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building material having humidity conditioning property and heat-shielding property effective for the reduction of air-conditioning energy and dew condensation prevention of an architectural structure, and having deodorization and heat insulating properties.SOLUTION: A building material 100 includes: a bag body 13 formed of nonwoven fabrics 11, 12 made of an air-permeable sheet material; bamboo charcoal pieces 14 which are material having humidity control performance accommodated in the bag body 13; and a heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 which is one of heat-shielding metallic sheet materials provided on an outside face of the nonwoven fabric 11 positioned on the top face of the bag body 13. Both of the nonwoven fabrics 11, 12 are cloth-like materials formed of synthetic resin fibers, the nonwoven fabric 11 has a single structure, and the nonwoven fabric 12 has a double structure.

Description

本発明は、戸建て住宅や集合住宅などの床下、壁体あるいは小屋裏などに配置して使用される建築材料に関する。   The present invention relates to a building material that is used by being placed under a floor, a wall, a shed, or the like of a detached house or an apartment house.

竹炭や木炭などの多孔質材が調湿性（周囲の湿度の高低に応じて吸湿したり、放湿したりする性質）を有することは広く知られ、その性質を利用した様々な建築材料が提案されているが、本発明に関連するものとして、特許文献１記載の「炭袋」、特許文献２記載の「竹炭ボード」及び特許文献３記載の「炭含有シート」などがある。   It is widely known that porous materials such as bamboo charcoal and charcoal have moisture control properties (the property of absorbing and releasing moisture depending on the surrounding humidity level), and various building materials using these properties are proposed. However, as a thing relevant to this invention, there exist "charcoal bag" of patent document 1, "bamboo charcoal board" of patent document 2, and "charcoal containing sheet" of patent document 3.

特許文献１記載の「炭袋」は、不織布からなる袋体と、当該袋体に包まれている粉状の竹炭により構成されたものであり、炭袋の形崩れを防止するために、袋体は縫着などによって三個の小袋体に区分されている。   The “charcoal bag” described in Patent Document 1 is composed of a non-woven fabric bag and powdered bamboo charcoal wrapped in the bag, in order to prevent the charcoal bag from being deformed. The body is divided into three sachets by sewing.

特許文献２記載の「竹炭ボード」は、平均粒径が２〜７ｍｍの竹炭粒または乾留竹のペレット、若しくは乾留竹の繊維が６０〜９０重量％、残部セメントからなる混合材料を板状またはブロック状に加圧成形したものである。   The “bamboo charcoal board” described in Patent Document 2 is a plate or block made of bamboo charcoal grains having an average particle diameter of 2 to 7 mm or pellets of dry-distilled bamboo, or 60 to 90% by weight of dry-distilled bamboo fibers, and the remaining cement. Pressure-molded into a shape.

特許文献３記載の「炭含有シート」は、不織布からなる基材と、その基材の上に散布され基材の繊維に絡ませた竹炭粉末と、その竹炭粉末を覆うように基材に重ねて接合した不織布からなる覆い層と、から成るものである。   The “charcoal-containing sheet” described in Patent Document 3 is a base material made of a nonwoven fabric, bamboo charcoal powder spread on the base material and entangled with fibers of the base material, and the base material so as to cover the bamboo charcoal powder. And a covering layer made of bonded nonwoven fabric.

前述した特許文献１，２，３に記載されている「炭袋」、「竹炭ボード」あるいは「炭含有シート」（以下、「建築材料」と総称する。）を建築物の床下空間内、壁体内あるいは小屋裏空間内などに配置することにより、調湿作用、消臭作用、防黴作用あるいは有害物質吸着作用などを得ることができる。   The “charcoal bag”, “bamboo charcoal board” or “charcoal-containing sheet” (hereinafter collectively referred to as “building material”) described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 mentioned above is referred to as “building material” in the space under the floor of the building. By arranging it in the body or in the shed space, it is possible to obtain a humidity control effect, a deodorizing effect, an antifungal effect, a harmful substance adsorbing effect, and the like.

特開２０００−２５７１７９号公報JP 2000-257179 A 特開平７−１５０６４５号公報JP-A-7-150645 特開２００７−１６８３２７号公報JP 2007-168327 A

竹炭や木炭などの多孔質材料は空気を溜める機能を有するので、冷気や熱気を遮断する作用があることが確認されている。このため、特許文献１，２，３に記載されている建築材料を住宅の床下、壁体、小屋裏などに配置すれば、冬場は、地盤面や基礎コンクリートからの冷え込みが抑制され、結露を防止することができるほか、夏場は、太陽熱の伝わりを遅らせることで室内温度の上昇を抑制することができる。   It has been confirmed that porous materials such as bamboo charcoal and charcoal have a function of accumulating air and thus have an action of blocking cold air and hot air. For this reason, if the building materials described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 are placed under the floor of a house, walls, and the back of a shed, in the winter, the cooling from the ground surface and foundation concrete is suppressed, and condensation occurs. In addition to being able to prevent this, in summer, the increase in room temperature can be suppressed by delaying the transmission of solar heat.

しかしながら、特許文献１，２，３に記載されている従来の建築材料は遮熱性（輻射熱（赤外線）を跳ね返す性質）を有していないので、これらの建築材料を住宅の床下、壁体、小屋裏などに配置しても、これらの建築材料を介して、屋外からの輻射熱が室内へ侵入したり、室内暖房手段の輻射熱が床下などへ逃散したりしている。このため、夏場においては室内温度を上昇させ空調エネルギを浪費する要因となり、冬場においては床下などに結露を発生させる要因となっている。   However, since the conventional building materials described in Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3 do not have a heat shielding property (property to repel radiant heat (infrared rays)), these building materials are used under the floors of houses, walls, and huts. Even if it is arranged on the back or the like, the radiant heat from the outside penetrates into the room through these building materials, or the radiant heat from the indoor heating means escapes under the floor. For this reason, in summer, it becomes a factor which raises indoor temperature and wastes air-conditioning energy, and becomes a factor which causes dew condensation under the floor etc. in winter.

そこで、本発明が解決しようとする課題は、建築物の空調エネルギの削減及び結露防止に有効な調湿性及び遮熱性並びに消臭性、断熱性を具備した建築材料を提供することにある。   Therefore, the problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a building material having humidity conditioning and heat shielding properties, deodorizing properties, and heat insulation properties effective for reducing air conditioning energy of buildings and preventing condensation.

本発明の建築材料は、調湿性シート材と、前記調湿性シート材に直接的若しくは間接的に付設された遮熱性金属シート材とを備えたことを特徴とする。   The building material of the present invention includes a humidity control sheet material and a heat shielding metal sheet material attached directly or indirectly to the humidity control sheet material.

次に、本発明の建築材料は、通気性シート材と遮熱性金属シート材との間に調湿性材料を挟持若しくは収容したことを特徴とする。   Next, the building material of the present invention is characterized in that a humidity control material is sandwiched or accommodated between a breathable sheet material and a heat-shielding metal sheet material.

ここで、前記遮熱性金属シート材と前記調湿性材料との間に通気性シート材を介在させることもできる。   Here, a breathable sheet material may be interposed between the heat-shielding metal sheet material and the humidity control material.

次に、本発明の建築材料は、遮熱性金属シート材で形成された袋体と、前記袋体内に収容された調湿性材料とを備えたことを特徴とする。   Next, the building material of the present invention includes a bag formed of a heat-shielding metal sheet material, and a humidity control material accommodated in the bag.

また、前記遮熱性金属シート材が透湿性を有することが望ましい。   Moreover, it is desirable that the heat shielding metal sheet material has moisture permeability.

さらに、前記遮熱性金属シート材が防水性を有することが望ましい。   Furthermore, it is desirable that the heat-shielding metal sheet material is waterproof.

ここで、前記遮熱性金属シート材としては、遮熱性アルミニウムシート材、遮熱性銀シート材、遮熱性錫シート材、遮熱性チタンシート材などを使用することができる。   Here, as the heat shield metal sheet material, a heat shield aluminum sheet material, a heat shield silver sheet material, a heat shield tin sheet material, a heat shield titanium sheet material, or the like can be used.

一方、前記調湿性シート材若しくは前記調湿性材料は、竹炭、木炭（例えば、備長炭など）、ヤシ殻炭、セピオライト、ゼオライト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、ケイ酸カルシウム、トバモライト、セラミックス、シリカ、活性炭、カーボン、珊瑚化石、木繊セメント、漆喰、シラス、焼砂、軽石、火山礫のうちの１以上を含むものを使用することができる。そのほか、多孔質構造を有し調湿性を発揮するものであれば、前述以外の材料であっても、前記調湿性シート材若しくは前記調湿性材料に使用することができる。   On the other hand, the humidity control sheet material or the humidity control material includes bamboo charcoal, charcoal (eg, Bincho charcoal), coconut shell charcoal, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, tobermorite, ceramics, silica, activated carbon, carbon. One containing one or more of fossil fossil, wood fiber cement, plaster, shirasu, burnt sand, pumice, and volcanic gravel can be used. In addition, any material other than those described above can be used for the humidity control sheet material or the humidity control material as long as it has a porous structure and exhibits humidity control properties.

本発明により、建築物の空調エネルギの削減及び結露防止に有効な調湿性及び遮熱性並びに消臭性、断熱性を具備した建築材料を提供することができる。   ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION By this invention, the building material provided with the humidity control property and heat insulation property, deodorizing property, and heat insulation which are effective in the reduction of the air-conditioning energy of a building and prevention of dew condensation can be provided.

本発明の実施形態である建築材料を示す斜視断面図である。It is a perspective sectional view showing building material which is an embodiment of the present invention. 図１に示す建築材料の吸放湿性試験結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the moisture absorption / release test result of the building material shown in FIG. 図１に示す建築材料を構成する遮熱性アルミニウムシート材の分光反射率の測定結果を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the measurement result of the spectral reflectance of the heat-shielding aluminum sheet material which comprises the building material shown in FIG. 図１に示す建築材料の施工例を示す図である。It is a figure which shows the construction example of the building material shown in FIG. 図４の一部拡大図である。FIG. 5 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 4. 本発明のその他の実施形態である建築材料を示す斜視断面図である。It is a perspective sectional view showing the building material which is other embodiments of the present invention. 本発明のその他の実施形態である建築材料を示す斜視断面図である。It is a perspective sectional view showing the building material which is other embodiments of the present invention. 本発明のその他の実施形態である建築材料を示す斜視断面図である。It is a perspective sectional view showing the building material which is other embodiments of the present invention.

図１に示すように、本発明の実施形態である建築材料１００は、通気性シート材である不織布１１，１２で形成された袋体１３と、袋体１３の内部に収容された調湿性材料である竹炭１４と、袋体１３の上面に位置する不織布１１の外面に付設された遮熱性金属シート材の１つである遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５とを備えている。不織布１１，１２はいずれも合成樹脂繊維で形成された布状材であり、不織布１１は一重構造であり、不織布１２は二重構造である。なお、不織布１１，１２は前述したものに限定しないので、天然繊維や化学繊維などで形成されたものであっても良く、一重構造あるいは二重構造に限定するものでもない。また、袋体１３は、竹炭１４が均一に収容可能であって、且つ当該袋体１３の全面で速やかに調湿することができるように、縫着などによって複数の小袋体に区画されたものであることが望ましい。   As shown in FIG. 1, the building material 100 which is embodiment of this invention is the bag 13 formed of the nonwoven fabrics 11 and 12 which are a breathable sheet material, and the humidity control material accommodated in the bag 13 inside. Bamboo charcoal 14, and a heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 that is one of the heat-shielding metal sheet materials attached to the outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11 located on the upper surface of the bag body 13. The nonwoven fabrics 11 and 12 are both cloth-like materials formed of synthetic resin fibers, the nonwoven fabric 11 has a single structure, and the nonwoven fabric 12 has a double structure. Since the nonwoven fabrics 11 and 12 are not limited to those described above, they may be formed of natural fibers or chemical fibers, and are not limited to a single structure or a double structure. Further, the bag body 13 is partitioned into a plurality of small bag bodies by sewing or the like so that the bamboo charcoal 14 can be uniformly accommodated and the humidity can be quickly adjusted over the entire surface of the bag body 13. It is desirable that

竹炭１４は、特に限定しないが、本実施形態で使用した竹炭１４は、標高５００ｍ以上の高地で５〜７年間育成された孟宗竹を、備長窯を用いて８００℃以上の温度で焼き上げて形成された多孔質構造を有する炭化物質であり、調湿性（周囲の湿度に応じて吸湿したり、放湿したりする性質）を有するだけでなく、消臭作用、防黴作用あるいは有害物質吸着作用なども発揮する。   The bamboo charcoal 14 is not particularly limited, but the bamboo charcoal 14 used in the present embodiment is formed by baking Bunso bamboo grown at an altitude of 500 m or higher for 5 to 7 years at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher using a Bincho kiln. It is a carbonized material with a porous structure that not only has humidity control properties (a property of absorbing and releasing moisture according to the surrounding humidity), but also has a deodorizing effect, an antifungal effect, or a harmful substance adsorption effect. Also demonstrates.

遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５は不織布にアルミニウムを蒸着して形成されたものであり、赤外線を反射する遮熱性のほか、水蒸気を透過させる透湿性及び水を透過させない防水性を有している。遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５としては、例えば、「デュポン社」の「デュポン タイベック シルバー（商品名）」や「セーレン株式会社」の「ラミテクトサーモ」などが好適であるが、これらに限定するものではない。   The heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 is formed by depositing aluminum on a non-woven fabric, and has a heat-shielding property that reflects infrared rays, a moisture-permeable property that allows water vapor to pass, and a waterproof property that does not allow water to pass. As the heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15, for example, “DuPont Tyvek Silver (trade name)” of “DuPont” or “Lamitect Thermo” of “Seiren Co., Ltd.” is preferable, but is not limited thereto. Absent.

図１に示す建築材料１００の調湿性を確認するため、当該建築材料１００（公称寸法２５５ｍｍ×２５５ｍｍ、試験開始前質量８６４．４３ｇ）を試験体として、「ＪＩＳ Ａ １４７０−１（建築材料の吸放湿性試験方法−第１部：湿度応答法）に準じて試験を行った。   In order to confirm the humidity control property of the building material 100 shown in FIG. 1, the building material 100 (nominal size 255 mm × 255 mm, mass before starting test 864.43 g) was used as a test specimen, and “JIS A 1470-1 (absorption of building material) The test was conducted according to the method for testing moisture release-Part 1: Humidity response method.

試験条件は、建築材料１００を温度２３℃、相対湿度５０％の空気雰囲気中で養生した後、温度２３℃、相対湿度７５％の空気雰囲気中で１２時間保持し（吸湿過程）、その後、温度２３℃、相対湿度５０％の空気雰囲気中で１２時間保持する（放湿過程）というものである。そして、前述した吸湿過程及び放湿過程における試験体（建築材料１００）の質量変化を連続的に計測すると図２に示すような結果が得られた。   The test conditions were that the building material 100 was cured in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50%, and then held in an air atmosphere at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 75% for 12 hours (moisture absorption process). It is held for 12 hours in an air atmosphere at 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% (moisture release process). And when the mass change of the test body (building material 100) in the moisture absorption process and moisture release process mentioned above was measured continuously, the result as shown in FIG. 2 was obtained.

図２に示すグラフを見ると、吸湿過程の開始直後から試験体（建築材料１００）の質量は湿気吸収により連続的に上昇していき、吸湿過程の終了時に最高値を示し、放湿過程が開始した後は試験体（建築材料１００）の質量は湿気放出により急速に低下していき、放湿過程の終了時まで質量低下が連続しているのが判る。この試験結果は、建築材料１００は優れた調湿性を備えていることを示している。   When the graph shown in FIG. 2 is seen, the mass of the specimen (building material 100) continuously increases due to moisture absorption immediately after the start of the moisture absorption process, and shows the maximum value at the end of the moisture absorption process. After the start, it can be seen that the mass of the specimen (building material 100) rapidly decreases due to moisture release, and the mass decrease continues until the end of the moisture release process. This test result shows that the building material 100 has an excellent humidity control property.

次に、建築材料１００の遮熱性を確認するため、当該建築材料１００を構成する遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５の分光反射率を測定する試験を行った。試験は、遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５から切り出した試験体（寸法５０ｍｍ×５０ｍｍ）について、「ＪＩＳ Ｒ ３１０６（板ガラス類の透過率・反射率・放射率・日射熱取得率の試験方法）」に準じたフーリエ変換赤外分光光度計及び積分球を用いて、波長範囲２．５μｍ〜１５μｍ（波数範囲４０００ｃｍ-1〜６６６ｃｍ-1）における分光反射率を測定した。 Next, in order to confirm the heat shielding property of the building material 100, a test for measuring the spectral reflectance of the heat shielding aluminum sheet material 15 constituting the building material 100 was performed. The test is performed in accordance with “JIS R 3106 (Testing method of transmittance, reflectance, emissivity, solar heat gain of plate glass)” on a specimen (dimension 50 mm × 50 mm) cut out from the heat shielding aluminum sheet material 15. The spectral reflectance in a wavelength range of 2.5 μm to 15 μm (wave number range of 4000 cm −1 to 666 cm −1 ) was measured using a Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer and an integrating sphere.

そして、前記試験体の３４５６点の分光反射率（％）の測定値を単純平均し、分光反射率（％）の平均値を算出し、波長（μｍ）との関係をグラフ化すると、図３に示すような結果が得られた。図３を見ると、波長範囲２．５μｍ〜１５μｍ（波数範囲４０００ｃｍ-1〜６６６ｃｍ-1）における分光反射率は５０％〜６０％（平均５６．２％）であることが判る。この試験結果は、遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５が袋体１３の上面に付設された構造を有する建築材料１００は良好な遮熱性を備えていることを示している。なお、前記試験で得られた分光反射率は一例であり、これに限定するものではない。 Then, the measured values of spectral reflectance (%) at 3456 points of the test specimen are simply averaged, the average value of spectral reflectance (%) is calculated, and the relationship with wavelength (μm) is graphed. The results as shown in Fig. 1 were obtained. FIG. 3 shows that the spectral reflectance in the wavelength range of 2.5 μm to 15 μm (wave number range of 4000 cm −1 to 666 cm −1 ) is 50% to 60% (average of 56.2%). This test result shows that the building material 100 having a structure in which the heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 is attached to the upper surface of the bag body 13 has a good heat-shielding property. In addition, the spectral reflectance obtained by the said test is an example, and is not limited to this.

次に、図４，図５に基づいて、前述した調湿性及び遮熱性並びに消臭性、断熱性を具備した建築材料１００の施工例について説明する。図４，図５に示す施工例においては、建築物２０の床面２３及び断熱材３４の下方にて床下空間２１を形成する基礎コンクリート２２の上面に複数の建築材料１００が遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を上方（床面２３方向）に向けた状態で配置されている。また、基礎コンクリート２２の立ち上がり部位の内面（床下空間２１側の面）にも、複数の建築材料１００が遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を床下空間２１方向に向けた状態で配置されている。   Next, based on FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, a construction example of the building material 100 having the above-described humidity control property, heat shielding property, deodorizing property, and heat insulating property will be described. In the construction examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a plurality of building materials 100 are heat-shielding aluminum sheet materials on the upper surface of the foundation concrete 22 that forms the underfloor space 21 below the floor surface 23 and the heat insulating material 34 of the building 20. It arrange | positions in the state which orient | assigned 15 upwards (floor surface 23 direction). A plurality of building materials 100 are also arranged on the inner surface (surface on the underfloor space 21 side) of the rising portion of the foundation concrete 22 with the heat shielding aluminum sheet material 15 facing the underfloor space 21.

また、建築物２０の小屋裏２４においては、天井ボード２５上に積層された断熱材２６の上面に複数の建築材料１００が遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を上方（屋根２７方向）に向けた状態で配置されている。   Moreover, in the shed 24 of the building 20, a plurality of building materials 100 are on the upper surface of the heat insulating material 26 laminated on the ceiling board 25 with the heat shielding aluminum sheet material 15 facing upward (in the direction of the roof 27). Has been placed.

さらに、建築物２０を構成する壁体２８においては、内壁ボード２９の外側の断熱材３０と外壁ボード３１との間の空間３２に複数の建築材料１００が遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を外側（外壁ボード３１側）に向けた状態で配置されている。この場合、複数の建築材料１００は断熱材３０の外面に貼着されている。   Further, in the wall body 28 constituting the building 20, a plurality of building materials 100 are disposed outside the heat insulating aluminum sheet material 15 in the space 32 between the heat insulating material 30 outside the inner wall board 29 and the outer wall board 31 (outer wall It is arranged in a state facing the board 31 side). In this case, the plurality of building materials 100 are attached to the outer surface of the heat insulating material 30.

図４，図５に示すように、建築物２０の床下空間２１に建築材料１００を配置すると、室内３３からの輻射熱（赤外線）が遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５によって反射されるので、冬場における床面２３及び床下空間２１の温度低下が抑制され、結露発生を防止することができ、建築物２０の空調エネルギの削減にも有効である。また、建築材料１００の下面側の不織布１２は通気性が良いので、地盤からの湿気を竹炭１４が速やかに吸湿することができ、乾燥雰囲気になると、透湿性も有する上面側の遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を介して速やかに竹炭１４が放湿するので、優れた調湿作用を発揮するだけでなく、消臭作用、防黴作用、有害物質吸着作用及び断熱作用なども得ることができる。   As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the building material 100 is arranged in the underfloor space 21 of the building 20, the radiant heat (infrared rays) from the room 33 is reflected by the heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15, so that the floor surface in winter 23 and the underfloor space 21 can be prevented from lowering temperature, so that condensation can be prevented and the air conditioning energy of the building 20 can be reduced. Moreover, since the nonwoven fabric 12 on the lower surface side of the building material 100 has good air permeability, the bamboo charcoal 14 can quickly absorb moisture from the ground, and when it becomes a dry atmosphere, the heat insulating aluminum sheet on the upper surface side also has moisture permeability. Since the bamboo charcoal 14 quickly dehumidifies via the material 15, not only an excellent humidity control action can be exhibited, but also a deodorizing action, an antifungal action, a harmful substance adsorption action, a heat insulation action, and the like can be obtained.

一方、建築物２０の小屋裏２４に配置された建築材料１００は、輻射熱を外部に反射して室内３３の温度上昇を抑制することができ、小屋裏２４内の温度低下を抑止することにより結露を防止することができ、調湿効果も発揮する。また、壁体２８に配置された建築材料１００は、輻射熱を反射して室内３３の温度上昇を抑制し、壁体２８内の結露も防止することができる。   On the other hand, the building material 100 arranged in the shed 24 of the building 20 can reflect the radiant heat to the outside and suppress the temperature rise in the room 33, and dew condensation by suppressing the temperature drop in the shed 24. Can be prevented, and the humidity control effect is also exhibited. Moreover, the building material 100 arrange | positioned at the wall body 28 reflects radiant heat, can suppress the temperature rise of the room | chamber interior 33, and can also prevent dew condensation in the wall body 28. FIG.

なお、建築材料１００は図１に示すような構造であるが、これに限定しないので、不織布を使用せず、透湿性を有する遮熱性アルミニウムシート材のみで形成した袋体に竹炭を充填して建築材料を形成することもできる。   Although the building material 100 has a structure as shown in FIG. 1, it is not limited to this, so a non-woven fabric is not used and a bag made of only a heat-permeable aluminum sheet material having moisture permeability is filled with bamboo charcoal. Building materials can also be formed.

次に、図６，図７，図８に基づいて、本発明のその他の実施形態である建築材料２００，３００，４００について説明する。なお、図６〜図８中において図１〜図５中の符号と同符号を付している部分は建築材料１００の構成部分と同様の構造、機能を有する部分であり、説明を省略する。   Next, building materials 200, 300, and 400, which are other embodiments of the present invention, will be described based on FIG. 6, FIG. 7, and FIG. 6-8, the part which attached | subjected the code | symbol same as the code | symbol in FIGS. 1-5 is a part which has the structure and function similar to the component of the building material 100, and abbreviate | omits description.

図６に示す建築材料２００は、調湿性シート材２０１と、調湿性シート材２０１の片面に直接的に貼着された遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５とを備えている。調湿性シート材２０１は、竹炭粉などの調湿作用を有する物質を不織布に混入することによって形成されている。   The building material 200 shown in FIG. 6 includes a humidity control sheet material 201 and a heat insulating aluminum sheet material 15 that is directly attached to one surface of the humidity control sheet material 201. The humidity control sheet material 201 is formed by mixing a non-woven fabric with a substance having a humidity control action such as bamboo charcoal powder.

図７に示す建築材料３００は、通気性シート材である不織布１２と遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５との間に、竹炭粉などの調湿性材料３０１を挟持することによって形成されている。   A building material 300 shown in FIG. 7 is formed by sandwiching a humidity control material 301 such as bamboo charcoal powder between a nonwoven fabric 12 that is a breathable sheet material and a heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15.

図８に示す建築材料４００は、２枚の不織布１１，１２の間に、竹炭粉などの調湿性材料３０１を挟持し、不織布１１の外面に遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５を貼着することによって形成されている。   A building material 400 shown in FIG. 8 is formed by sandwiching a moisture-controlling material 301 such as bamboo charcoal powder between two nonwoven fabrics 11 and 12 and sticking a heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 to the outer surface of the nonwoven fabric 11. Has been.

建築材料２００，３００，４００はいずれも調湿性及び遮熱性並びに消臭性、断熱性を具備しているので、図４，図５に示す建築材料１００と同様に施工することができ、建築材料１００と同様の優れた作用効果を得ることができる。建築材料１００，２００，３００，４００においては、調湿性材料として竹炭や竹炭粉を使用し、調湿性シート材として竹炭粉を含むものを使用しているが、これらに限定するものではなく、木炭、ヤシ殻炭、セピオライト、ゼオライト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、ケイ酸カルシウム、トバモライト、セラミックス、シリカ、活性炭、カーボン、珊瑚化石、木繊セメント、漆喰、シラス、焼砂、軽石、火山礫などを使用することもできる。   Since all of the building materials 200, 300, and 400 have humidity control properties, heat shielding properties, deodorization properties, and heat insulation properties, they can be constructed in the same manner as the building material 100 shown in FIGS. The same excellent effect as 100 can be obtained. In the building materials 100, 200, 300, and 400, bamboo charcoal or bamboo charcoal powder is used as the humidity control material, and those containing bamboo charcoal powder are used as the humidity control sheet material. Use coconut shell charcoal, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, tobermorite, ceramics, silica, activated carbon, carbon, fossil, wood fiber cement, plaster, shirasu, burnt sand, pumice, volcanic gravel, etc. You can also.

また、前述した遮熱性アルミニウムシート材１５は遮熱性金属シート材の１つであり、これに限定しないので、赤外線を反射する遮熱性、水蒸気を透過させる透湿性及び水を透過させない防水性を有するその他の遮熱性金属シート材であれば、例えば、遮熱性銀シート材、遮熱性錫シート材、遮熱性チタンシート材などを好適に使用することができる。さらに、遮熱性銀シート材、遮熱性錫シート材、遮熱性チタンシート材についても限定しないので、例えば、不織布に銀、錫、チタンを蒸着して形成されたものを使用することができる。なお、水を透過させない防水性を有していなくても、赤外線を反射する遮熱性及び水蒸気を透過させる透湿性を有する遮熱性金属シート材であれば使用可能である。   Further, the above-described heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 15 is one of the heat-shielding metal sheet materials, and is not limited thereto, and thus has heat-shielding properties that reflect infrared rays, moisture-permeable properties that allow water vapor to permeate, and waterproof properties that do not allow water to permeate. If it is another heat-shielding metal sheet material, for example, a heat-shielding silver sheet material, a heat-shielding tin sheet material, a heat-shielding titanium sheet material, and the like can be suitably used. Furthermore, since it does not limit about a heat-shielding silver sheet material, a heat-shielding tin sheet material, and a heat-shielding titanium sheet material, what formed by vapor-depositing silver, tin, and titanium on a nonwoven fabric can be used, for example. In addition, even if it does not have waterproofness which does not permeate | transmit water, if it is a heat-shielding metal sheet material which has the heat-shielding property which reflects infrared rays, and the moisture permeability which permeate | transmits water vapor | steam, it can be used.

なお、前述した建築材料１００，２００，３００，４００は本発明の建築材料を例示するものであり、本発明の建築材料はこれらの建築材料１００，２００，３００，４００に限定されない。   The building materials 100, 200, 300, and 400 described above exemplify the building materials of the present invention, and the building materials of the present invention are not limited to these building materials 100, 200, 300, and 400.

本発明の建築材料は、戸建て住宅や集合住宅などの一般住宅あるいは大型建築物などの建築用資材として、建築業や建設業などの産業分野において広く利用することができるが、これに限定されず、調湿性及び遮熱性を兼備した材料を必要とするその他の産業分野においても利用することができる。   The building material of the present invention can be widely used in the industrial field such as the construction industry and the construction industry as a building material such as a general house such as a detached house and an apartment house or a large building, but is not limited thereto. It can also be used in other industrial fields that require materials having both moisture conditioning and heat shielding properties.

１１，１２ 不織布
１３ 袋体
１４ 竹炭
１５ 遮熱性アルミニウムシート材
２０ 建築物
２１ 床下空間
２２ 基礎コンクリート
２３ 床面
２４ 小屋裏
２５ 天井ボード
２６，３０，３４ 断熱材
２７ 屋根
２８ 壁体
２９ 内壁ボード
３１ 外壁ボード
３２ 空間
３３ 室内
１００，２００，３００，４００ 建築材料
２０１ 調湿性シート材
３０１ 調湿性材料 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11, 12 Nonwoven fabric 13 Bag body 14 Bamboo charcoal 15 Heat-shielding aluminum sheet material 20 Building 21 Underfloor space 22 Basic concrete 23 Floor surface 24 Hut back 25 Ceiling board 26, 30, 34 Thermal insulation 27 Roof 28 Wall body 29 Inner wall board 31 Outer wall Board 32 Space 33 Indoor 100, 200, 300, 400 Building material 201 Humidity control sheet material 301 Humidity control material

Claims (8)

調湿性シート材と、前記調湿性シート材に直接的若しくは間接的に付設された遮熱性金属シート材とを備えた建築材料。   A building material comprising a humidity control sheet material and a heat shielding metal sheet material directly or indirectly attached to the humidity control sheet material. 通気性シート材と遮熱性金属シート材との間に調湿性材料を挟持若しくは収容した建築材料。   A building material in which a humidity control material is sandwiched or accommodated between a breathable sheet material and a heat-shielding metal sheet material. 遮熱性金属シート材で形成された袋体と、前記袋体内に収容された調湿性材料とを備えた建築材料。   A building material comprising a bag formed of a heat-shielding metal sheet material and a humidity control material accommodated in the bag. 前記遮熱性金属シート材と前記調湿性材料との間に通気性シート材を介在させた請求項２記載の建築材料。   The building material according to claim 2, wherein a breathable sheet material is interposed between the heat shielding metal sheet material and the humidity control material. 前記遮熱性金属シート材が透湿性を有する請求項１〜４のいずれかに記載の建築材料。   The building material according to claim 1, wherein the heat-shielding metal sheet material has moisture permeability. 前記遮熱性金属シート材が防水性を有する請求項１〜５のいずれかに記載の建築材料。   The building material according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat-shielding metal sheet material is waterproof. 前記遮熱性金属シート材が、遮熱性アルミニウムシート材、遮熱性銀シート材、遮熱性錫シート材、遮熱性チタンシート材のいずれかである請求項１〜６のいずれかに記載の建築材料。   The building material according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat shielding metal sheet material is any one of a heat shielding aluminum sheet material, a heat shielding silver sheet material, a heat shielding tin sheet material, and a heat shielding titanium sheet material. 前記調湿性シート材若しくは前記調湿性材料が、竹炭、木炭、ヤシ殻炭、セピオライト、ゼオライト、珪藻土、シリカゲル、ケイ酸カルシウム、トバモライト、セラミックス、シリカ、活性炭、カーボン、珊瑚化石、木繊セメント、漆喰、シラス、焼砂、軽石、火山礫のうちの１以上を含むものである請求項２〜７のいずれかに記載の建築材料。   The moisture conditioning sheet material or the moisture conditioning material is bamboo charcoal, charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, sepiolite, zeolite, diatomaceous earth, silica gel, calcium silicate, tobermorite, ceramics, silica, activated carbon, carbon, fossil, wood fiber cement, plaster The building material according to any one of claims 2 to 7, comprising at least one of shirasu, burnt sand, pumice, and volcanic gravel.
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US20190309522A1 (en) * 2016-12-06 2019-10-10 Normalu Wall rail section forming an odour neutralising structure and false wall comprising such a wall rail section
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JP2019173613A (en) * 2018-03-28 2019-10-10 株式会社荏原製作所 Evacuation device and evacuation method
CN113831091A (en) * 2021-11-09 2021-12-24 河北三楷深发科技股份有限公司 Nano modified cement-based heat insulation material for high-strength heat insulation prefabricated member and preparation method thereof

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