JP2014162113A - Stereoscopic display-formed body, and method of producing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve such subjects that an image appearing stereoscopically is visible intermittently with a dynamic effect, and is inexpensively produced with commercially available general printing material sold with normal paper as a substrate without requiring integration accuracy, and provide a stereoscopic display-formed body in which a stereoscopic image is dynamically visible corresponding to the variation of an incidence angle of light, and a method of producing the same.SOLUTION: A compressed image obtained by compressing in one direction and arranging a plurality of original images is overlaid on arc-like virtual lines arranged in plurality; only overlaid image streak portions are extracted; and the extracted image streaks are formed on a substrate. The image streaks have an arc-like shape having at least one property of light-dark flip-flop property or color flip-flop property, and a concaved shape or a convexed shape. Therefore, a stereoscopic image is dynamically visible as positions reflecting incident light move gradually on the arc-like image streaks.

Description

  The present invention uses binocular parallax by the incidence of light in the field of valuable printed matter such as banknotes, passports, securities, identification cards, cards and passports, which are security printed matter that requires anti-counterfeiting effects. The present invention relates to a stereoscopic display forming body in which a stereoscopic image appears, and a stereoscopic image is dynamically visually recognized according to a change in incident angle of light, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  Conventionally, using a parallax barrier, lenticular lens, hologram, etc., special visual effects such as realizing a moving image effect that the image formed on the plane moves according to the observation angle or obtaining a stereoscopic effect There is an image forming body that achieves the above.

  Among these, there is a technology that realizes a moving effect and a three-dimensional effect using interference fringes (moire) that appear when two image lines, pixels, patterns, and the like having different pitches interfere (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).

  In addition to the feature that the image that appears due to the moire has a three-dimensional effect and the movement when tilted is extremely smooth, in many cases, the same image is repeatedly arranged at a constant pitch, so that the image Is relatively easy, and is suitable for mass production in that the same image appears relatively stably even without strict management of printing.

  Furthermore, the present applicant prints a compressed image formed by compressing an image obtained by moving both hands and feet stepwise on a transparent base material as a formed body having a dynamic effect that is visually recognized as the human body moves. By applying the discriminating tool on the printed image and sliding the discriminating tool in the image arrangement direction, an application has been filed for a formed body that exhibits a dynamic effect that is visually recognized as a human body is walking (for example, Patent Documents). 3).

  In addition, as a display body in which the gloss of an image changes depending on an observation angle, a display using a diffraction grating can be given. For example, after displaying characters and images on the diffraction grating with outlines, the inside or outside of the outline is formed by a diffraction grating consisting of a smooth curve group, thereby changing the viewpoint of the display. In this case, a technique is disclosed in which the position where the diffraction grating appears to shine brightly on the inner side or the outer side of the contour changes smoothly and is visually recognized (see, for example, Patent Document 4).

  In addition, as a molded body with excellent design that realizes a special visual effect, such as realizing a moving image effect in which an image formed on a plane moves according to the observation angle, or making a stereoscopic effect feel Those using binocular parallax are known.

  Binocular parallax is to generate a stereoscopic image in the observer's brain by utilizing the difference between the observed images visually recognized by the left and right eyes due to the separation of the left and right eyes of the human. Even if it is a planar image, it is recognized as a stereoscopic image by an observer by showing different images isolated between the left and right eyes.

  As a formed body using binocular parallax, on the diffraction grating, a plurality of patterns composed of a plurality of fine lines are formed around the reference point, and a plurality of formed bodies are formed when observed under a light source. Among the patterns, an image composed of two adjacent patterns is observed in a stereoscopic view, and when the observation angle is changed, an image composed of two other adjacent patterns is observed in a stereoscopic view. A technique for visually recognizing a three-dimensional pattern moving as a center is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 5).

Japanese Patent No. 3131777 Japanese Patent No. 4452515 Japanese Patent No. 5131789 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-67608 JP 2011-22478 A

  The technique described in Patent Document 1 is a technique for causing a three-dimensional moire pattern to appear by a parallax barrier method. As long as the parallax barrier method is used, a transparent layer is provided between the first pattern and the second pattern. Is indispensable, and there is a problem that it cannot be applied to normal paper in order to realize a smooth moving image effect.

  The technique described in Patent Document 2 is a technique that uses a lens effect of a convex lens to make a three-dimensional moire pattern appear by a so-called lenticular method, but forms a clear moire pattern as compared with the technique of Patent Document 1. However, a certain distance is required for focusing between the lens and the pattern, and a thickness is required as in the technique of Patent Document 1, and the lens itself is transparent. Or it needs to be translucent. In addition, when attaching a lens, the process is often complicated.

  The technique described in Patent Document 3 discloses two types of forms: an individual type (discriminating type) in which a formed body and a discriminating tool are individually provided, and a laminated type (integrated type) in which the formed body and the discriminating tool are laminated. However, in the case of an individual type (discrimination type), a discrimination sheet with a lenticular lens and a line is necessary, and there is a problem that it is impossible to judge whether it is a genuine product without a discrimination tool. Further, in the case of the laminated type (integrated type), there is a problem that printing of a compressed symbol and a line for discrimination is required, and if the printing is largely shifted, the visibility is deteriorated.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 4, the use of a diffraction grating makes it possible to visually recognize a change in gloss due to a change in observation angle. However, since the positions where characters and figures look shining simply move to the left and right, and the letters and figures themselves do not move and are visually recognized, there remains a problem that the visibility is poor.

  The technique described in Patent Document 5 is stereoscopically viewed based on the principle of stereogram. Therefore, it is necessary to always form two identical patterns side by side, and a plurality of patterns for dynamically visually recognizing are formed intermittently. Therefore, when the image is viewed dynamically, the stereoscopically viewed image is viewed intermittently, so that it cannot actually be viewed by moving continuously.

  As described above, the present invention does not require printing accuracy, a stereoscopically viewed image is visually recognized with a dynamic effect, and is commercially available using ordinary paper as a base material. The present invention aims to solve the problem of producing inexpensively by using only a printing material, and relates to a stereoscopic display forming body in which a stereoscopic image is dynamically visually recognized according to a change in the incident angle of light, and a manufacturing method thereof.

  The three-dimensional display formed body in the present invention has at least one of bright / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property on at least a part of the base material, and compresses the original image that is the basis of the latent image. The image line group having the shape includes a first image that is regularly arranged in the first direction at the first pitch, and the image line group includes an arc-shaped image line on the substrate. On the other hand, it has a concave shape or a convex cross-sectional shape and is regularly arranged, and the image lines are formed in different shapes in the corresponding areas in the adjacent image line groups. When the base material is observed by continuously changing from a predetermined angle to a different angle with respect to the light source at a fixed position, the position where the incident light from the light source is reflected gradually moves on the arc-shaped image line. By doing so, the original image is three-dimensional as a virtual image, and Characterized in that it is visually recognized.

  In the three-dimensional display forming body according to the present invention, the image line is formed of ink having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property, or at least either light / dark flip-flop property or color flip-flop property. It is characterized by being formed by processing a base material made of a material having one of these characteristics.

  The stereoscopic display formed body in the present invention, when there are two original images, further includes a second image that can be stereoscopically viewed at a position close to or adjacent to the first image on the substrate, The image has a characteristic of at least one of light and dark flip-flops and color flip-flops, and has a second image line group having a shape obtained by compressing the second original image that is the basis of the second virtual image Are arranged in a regular manner at a first pitch in the first direction, and the second image line group has an arc-shaped second image line that is concave or convex with respect to the substrate. The second image lines are formed in different shapes in the corresponding regions in the adjacent image line groups. The image line forming the image and the second image line forming the second image And made by steric as two original images virtual image and characterized in that it is dynamically viewing in opposite directions.

  In the three-dimensional display formed body according to the present invention, the second image line is formed of ink having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property, or light / dark flip-flop property or color flip-flop property. It is characterized by being formed by processing a base material made of a material having at least one of the above characteristics.

  The method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body according to the present invention is characterized in that an image can be dynamically visually recognized by using a system including at least an input unit, a processing unit, and an output unit, and by varying observation angles. 2. The method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body according to 2, wherein an original image determining step for producing or determining an original image that is a basis of a virtual image that appears under specular reflection light in the processing unit, and data corresponding to the original image Based on the input data input from the input unit, the processing unit generates a compressed image in which a plurality of original images compressed in the first direction are regularly arranged at a first pitch in the first direction. A compressed image forming step to be formed, and an imaginary line group in which a plurality of arcuate imaginary lines having a predetermined line width are regularly arranged at a second pitch in the second direction, Arrange multiple units regularly at a third pitch that is different from one pitch. An arc group forming step for forming an arc group, a step for superimposing a plurality of compressed images on the arc group, and a line extraction for extracting a virtual line and a line only for a portion where the plurality of compressed images overlap. A part of the process and a part on the base material, which has at least one of light / dark flip-flop characteristics and color flip-flop characteristics constituting the first image, On the other hand, it comprises an image line group forming step of forming a first image line group having a convex or concave cross-sectional shape.

  In the method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body according to the present invention, when there are two original images, an original image determination step of creating or determining two original images that are the basis of two virtual images that appear under specular reflection light in the processing unit. And a plurality of arc-shaped second virtual lines having a predetermined line width obtained by mirror-inverting the direction of the arc-shaped virtual lines in the second direction at a second pitch. An arc group forming step of forming a second arc group formed by regularly arranging a plurality of virtual line groups in a first direction at a third pitch different from the first pitch in the first direction; and Above, a step of superimposing a plurality of second compressed images, a second imaginary line, and an image line extracting step of extracting a second image line of only a portion where the plurality of second compressed images overlap, Is the second image line extracted at a position close to or adjacent to the first image on the substrate? Second image having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property constituting the second image and having a convex or concave cross-sectional shape with respect to the substrate. It has the image line group formation process which forms a line group.

  The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is characterized by the virtual lines which comprise a virtual line group adjoining in an adjacent virtual line group.

  The manufacturing method of the three-dimensional display forming body in the present invention is characterized in that the difference between the first pitch and the third pitch is 80% to 120% excluding 98% to 102%.

  The three-dimensional display formed body of the present invention can be formed very thin, does not require a transparent layer or lens, and is produced at low cost using only a general printing material marketed using ordinary paper as a base material. It is possible.

  In addition, since there is no step of attaching the lens, the manufacturing process is not likely to be complicated, and the accuracy of attaching the lens is not necessary, so that it can be manufactured relatively easily.

  In addition, since the concavo-convex lines having a glossy surface are arranged in a line, it is possible to visually recognize an image having a three-dimensional effect with the naked eye by visually recognizing reflected light from the line with respect to incident light. Is possible.

  Furthermore, even if the discriminator is not held, the reflected light with respect to the incident light gradually changes on the arc-shaped image line simply by tilting and observing the three-dimensional display forming body, thereby the arc-shaped image line. Since the pattern enlarged according to the arrangement direction of the above has a dynamic effect continuously, it is excellent in visibility.

The top view of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is shown. The partially enlarged view of the 1st image in this invention is shown. The partially enlarged view of the drawing line group in this invention is shown. The schematic of the system which produces the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is shown. The manufacturing process of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is shown. The preparation procedure of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is shown. The compression procedure of the original image in this invention is shown. The structure of the arc group in this invention is shown. The relationship between the line width of the line in the present invention and the pitch of the virtual line is shown. The form of a virtual line group is shown. The partially expanded view of the image line in this invention is shown. The corresponding areas in adjacent image line groups are shown. The cross-sectional shape of the drawing line in this invention is shown. The viewpoint which observes the base material with which the three-dimensional display formation body was provided is shown. The principle of visual recognition of an image line at the second observation angle is shown. The top view at the time of observing the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention from the 1st observation angle is shown. The top view at the time of observing the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention from the 2nd observation angle is shown. The top view visually recognized by the observer's left eye and right eye in this invention is shown. The schematic diagram of the change of the observation angle with respect to the base material in this invention is shown. The top view of the three-dimensional display formation body in the modification of this invention is shown. A part of manufacturing process of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention is shown. The principle of visual recognition of an image line at the second observation angle in the modification will be described. The top view at the time of observing the three-dimensional display formation body in a modification from the 2nd observation angle is shown.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Embodiments for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and includes various other embodiments within the scope of the technical idea described in the scope of claims.

  First, the structure of the three-dimensional display formation body is demonstrated.

  In FIG. 1, the top view and its one part enlarged view of the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention are shown. The stereoscopic display formed body (1) includes a first image (3) having gloss on at least a part of the substrate (2). The substrate (2) can be made of paper, plastic, metal or the like as long as the first image (3) can be formed, and the material thereof is not limited. Moreover, as long as the 1st image (3) is settled in a base material (2), there is no restriction | limiting in magnitude | size.

  The first image (3) includes a plurality of image line groups (4-1, 4-2,..., 4-n), and the image group includes the first image line group (4-1), Second image line group (4-2),..., Nth (n is a natural number of 2 or more) image line group (4-n), each image line group (4-1, 4) -2, ..., 4-n) are arranged at regular pitches in the order of 1-1, 1-2, ..., 1-n so that the image line groups do not overlap each other. Yes.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the first image (3) has an image line group (4) having a predetermined width (W1) and a predetermined height (H2) in the first direction. A plurality are regularly arranged at a pitch (P1).

  FIG. 3 shows a partially enlarged view of the image line group (4). The image line group (4) has a shape obtained by compressing the original image that is the basis of the latent image, and is formed by arranging the arc-shaped image lines (5) in a line shape. The arcuate image line (5) forming the image line group (4) will be described in detail in the following method for producing the image line group (4).

  As described above, in the stereoscopic display body (1) of the present invention, the arcuate image line (5) is arranged in a line, so that the original image appears as a single virtual image using light reflection. It is a display body to do.

  A method for producing a plurality of image line groups (4) constituting the first image (3) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the system (S) for producing the stereoscopic display formed body (1) includes at least an input unit (101), a processing unit (102), and an output unit (103). (102) may include a storage unit (104).

  First, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6A, the processing unit (102) creates or determines an original image (9) that is a basis of a virtual image that appears under specular reflection light (STEP 1). The original image (9) is not particularly limited, such as characters, designs and patterns, and can be an arbitrary image.

  In addition, the original image (9) may be directly produced in the processing unit (102), and the processing unit may be arbitrarily selected from a plurality of original images (9) stored in the storage unit (104) in advance. Alternatively, it may be determined in (102). In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6A, an example of a “double circle” image as the original image (9) will be described.

  At the same time that the original image (9) is created or determined, data corresponding to the original image (9) for causing a virtual image to appear under specular reflection light is input from the input unit (101). The data here is necessary for producing a plurality of image line groups (4) constituting the first image (3) such as a compression rate of an original image (9) described later and a pitch of arcuate virtual lines. It's a lot of data.

  Second, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6B, the processing unit (102) compresses the original image (9) in a specific direction, and converts the compressed image (10) having the line width (W1). Form (STEP2).

  The specific direction for compressing the original image (9) needs to be the same direction as the arrangement direction of the virtual line group (7) described later. For example, when the virtual line group (7) is arranged in the first direction, the original image (9) shown in FIG. 6 (a) is compressed only in the first direction (lateral direction in the figure). Thus, the first image (3) shown in FIG. The compression at a specific reduction ratio will be described later.

  Third, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6C, the processing unit (102) regularly arranges a plurality of formed compressed images (10) at a first pitch in a first direction (STEP 3). ).

  As a procedure for creating a compressed image, a plurality of compressions are performed by compressing one of the original images (9-1) shown in FIG. The images (10-1, 10-2,..., 10-n) may be arranged at the first pitch, and a plurality of original images (9-1, 9-) shown in FIG. 2,..., 9-n) are treated as one group and the whole is compressed, and as a result, the pitch between the compressed images (10-1, 10-2,..., 10-n) is The compression rate may be adjusted so that the first pitch is obtained.

  However, after compressing one of the original images (9) at a specific compression rate to obtain a compressed image (10), the compressed images (10-1, 10-2,..., 10-n) are first As for the compression rate when a plurality of pitches (P1) are arranged, it is desirable to limit the width of the compressed compressed image (10) to a value that does not exceed the first pitch (P1). This is because, when the width of each compressed image (10) exceeds the first pitch (P1), the compressed images (10) overlap each other, and the appearing virtual images also appear overlapping. This is because it becomes a virtual image that is difficult for an observer to understand.

  The original image (9-1, 9-2,..., 9-n) can be compressed in one direction such as a vertical direction, a horizontal direction, or an oblique direction. . In addition, the compression in the vertical direction is a form in which the image is compressed in the vertical direction, and the image after compression is horizontally long. Conversely, horizontal compression is a form in which compression is performed from the left-right direction of an image, and the compressed image is horizontally long.

  Fourth, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 (d), in the processing unit (102), an arc group (6) formed by arranging arcuate virtual lines (8) in the first direction at regular intervals. ) Is formed (STEP 4).

  FIG. 8 shows the configuration of the arc group (6). The arc group (6) includes an imaginary line group (7) in which a plurality of arcuate imaginary lines (8) are regularly arranged at the second pitch (P2) in the second direction. A plurality are regularly arranged at the third pitch (P3). The arcuate virtual line (8) is preferably a semicircular shape with the same curvature.

  The second pitch (P2) is appropriately set according to the line width of the line (5) described later. When the pitch is smaller than the image line width of the image line (5), the image lines (5) overlap each other. Therefore, the second pitch (P2) is set to be equal to or larger than the line width of the image line (5).

  Furthermore, in order to make the virtual image clearer and exhibit a more dynamic effect, it is preferable that the image lines (5) are arranged adjacent to each other as shown in FIG. In order to arrange the drawing lines (5) adjacent to each other, as shown in FIG. 9B, the virtual lines (8) are arranged in correspondence with the drawing line width (W1) of the drawing line (5). The second pitch (P2) is formed to be equal to the line width (W1) of the line (5).

  The third pitch (P3) of the virtual line group (7) is preferably in the range of 5 to 3000 μm. When the third pitch (P3) is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to design, and conversely, when it exceeds 3000 μm, it is difficult to visually recognize a virtual image.

  In addition, as shown to Fig.10 (a), in the adjacent virtual line group (7), the virtual lines (8) which comprise the virtual line group (7) adjoin each other. As shown in FIG. 10B, in the case where the virtual lines (8) constituting the virtual line group (7) are separated from each other in the adjacent virtual line group (7), the virtual line (8) The continuity of the arcuate image line (5) constituting the image line group (4) is impaired, and the visibility of the virtual image and the visibility of the dynamic effect are inferior as compared to the form in which the images are adjacent to each other. .

  Regarding the relationship between the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) and the third pitch (P3) of the virtual line group (7), the first pitch (P1) and the third pitch (P3) The width of the virtual image to be generated is determined by the difference.

  Further, the degree of movement of the generated virtual image is greatly influenced by the difference between the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) and the third pitch (P3) in the virtual line group (7), and the difference in pitch. If the pitch is made smaller, the degree of change becomes larger, and if the pitch difference is made larger, the degree of change becomes smaller.

  As a method of making a virtual image clearly visible, there is a method of increasing a difference between the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) and the third pitch (P3) of the virtual line group (7). Specifically, if the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) and the third pitch (P3) of the virtual line group (7) are defined as 100%, the first pitch (P1) ) And the third pitch (P3) are in the range of 98% to 102%, the visibility of the virtual image is lowered. Therefore, it is preferable not to use the range of the pitch difference.

  Since the parameters for controlling the virtual image are intricately entangled, the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) depends on what is prioritized, such as the number of virtual images and the fineness of movement of the virtual images. The third pitch (P3) of the virtual line group (7) is different.

  Among them, the difference between the first pitch (P1) in the compressed image (10) and the third pitch (P3) of the imaginary line group (7) is a parameter that affects every element. Is preferably in the range of about 80% to 120% excluding 98% to 102% in order to control the virtual image and improve the visibility.

  Further, the number of virtual lines (8) constituting the virtual line group (7) is not limited to a specific number, and the fineness of image movement due to moire, the amount of movement, the number of occurrences of moire, and the like. You can think and decide freely.

  However, as will be described later, since the plurality of compressed images (10) are superimposed on the arc group (6) in the production stage, the arc group (6) needs to be formed larger than the plurality of compressed images (10). There is.

  Further, the size of the arc group (6) is the size of the virtual image desired to appear on the base material (2), that is, the first image (3) provided in at least part of the base material (2). It is determined by the size along the area. That is, an arc group (6) having the same size as the area of the first image (3) is formed.

  Fifth, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 (e), the processing unit (102) superimposes a plurality of compressed images (10) on the arc group (6) (STEP 5). The overlapping angle of the arc group (6) and the plurality of compressed images (10) is preferably overlapped in parallel. When an angle shift occurs between the arc group (6) and the plurality of compressed images (10), the appearing virtual image is distorted. Therefore, it is necessary to superimpose them in parallel as much as possible.

  Sixth, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 (f), in the processing unit (102), the virtual line (8) forming the arc group (6) and the compressed image (10) overlap each other. Only the image line is extracted (STEP 6), and a first image (3) including a plurality of image line groups (4-1, 4-2,..., 4-n) is obtained.

  Image lines (5) constituting a plurality of image line groups (4-1, 4-2,..., 4-n) are regularly arranged. The term “regular” as used herein means that, in the arc group (6), a plurality of imaginary line groups (7) regularly arranged at the second pitch (P2) in the second direction are arranged in the first direction. This is derived from the fact that a plurality of pitches (P3) are regularly arranged.

  FIG. 11B shows an enlarged view of A1 and an enlarged view of B1 in the first image (3) of FIG. In the plurality of image lines (5) arranged in the area A1 and the plurality of image lines (5) arranged in the area B1, the image lines (5) arranged in the corresponding areas are respectively Everything is different.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the regions corresponding to the respective areas are adjacent image line groups (4), that is, image line groups (4-1) and image line groups arranged adjacent to each other. In (4-2), the relationship is the same area, such as a predetermined area A1 in the image line group (4-1) and a predetermined area B1 in the image line group (4-2).

  Similarly, in the image line group (4-2) and the image line group (4-3) arranged adjacent to each other, the predetermined area B1 in the image line group (4-2) and the image line group (4- The predetermined area C1 in 3) can also be said to be a corresponding area in the adjacent image line groups (4).

  That is, if the image line groups (4-1, 4-2, and 4-3) are overlapped, the predetermined areas (A1, B1, and C1) indicate the same area, and such a relationship. This is called “corresponding area”.

  As an example, one image line (5-1a) in the A1 enlarged view shown in FIG. 11B and one image line (5-1b) in the B1 enlarged view shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 11C, the shapes are different. This is because the first direction (P1) is different from the third pitch (P3) on the arc group (6) formed in the first direction at the third pitch (P3). In order to overlap the compressed images (10) formed on the image line (5), the shapes of the image lines (5) arranged in the corresponding regions are all different due to the difference in pitch.

  That is, in the present invention, the image line (5) constituting the first image (3) is the image line (5) arranged in the corresponding area between the adjacent image line groups (4). The shape is different.

  The line width of the image line (5) is in the range of 5 to 100 μm. This is because if the line width is less than 5 μm, the manifestation of the virtual image is inferior, and conversely, if the line width exceeds 100 μm, stereoscopic viewing of the virtual image becomes difficult, which is undesirable.

  A clear virtual image appears as the interval between the image line (5) and the adjacent image line (5) is smaller. Conversely, if it is too large, the brightness of the virtual image decreases, which is not preferable. Therefore, the interval between the image line (5) and the image line (5) adjacent to the image line (5) needs to be appropriately set within a range in which the virtual image is not distorted.

  In addition, in order to produce a virtual image more clearly, it is a particularly desirable mode to form the image line width of the image line (5) and the interval between the image lines (5) equal to each other.

  FIG. 13 shows a cross-sectional shape of the arcuate image line (5). FIG. 13A is a plan view of the arcuate image line (5), and FIGS. 13B and 13C are cross-sectional views taken along line AA ′ in FIG. As shown in FIGS. 13B and 13C, the arcuate image line (5) is a concave or convex image line with respect to the base material (2). In order to produce a smooth dynamic effect, it is desirable that the shape is not a square shape such as a polygon but a smooth shape.

  When the arc-shaped image line (5) is a convex image line, the height of the arc-shaped image line (5) with respect to the base material (2) can be formed within a range of 5 to 1000 μm. is there. When the height of the arcuate image line (5) with respect to the substrate (2) is 1000 μm or more, it is difficult to produce a convex image line with respect to the substrate (2), which is not preferable.

  Seventh, as shown in FIG. 5, in the output unit (103), the first image (3) composed of the extracted image line (5) is formed on a part of the substrate (STEP 7). The forming means will be described later.

  Next, the material for forming the image line (5) will be described.

  The image line (5) is formed of an image line having glitter. The glitter in the present invention means light / dark flip-flop and / or color flip-flop, and the image line (5) is formed of a material having light / dark flip-flop and / or color flip-flop. It is.

  Brightness / darkness flip-flop property means that brightness changes due to a change in observation angle, and color flip-flop property means that hue changes due to a change in observation angle. In the present invention, a stereoscopically and dynamically viewed image is composed of a part that regularly reflects incident light on the image line (5). Since the contrast between the regularly reflected incident light and the diffusely reflected incident light is large, it is possible to visually recognize the image three-dimensionally and dynamically with the naked eye. Therefore, the image (5) needs to use a material having a light / dark flip-flop property and / or a color flip-flop property, which is a material having a predetermined amount of reflected light with respect to the light source.

  Examples of materials having light and dark flip-flops and / or color flip-flops include common metal powder pigments such as aluminum powder, copper powder, zinc powder, tin powder, brass powder or iron phosphide, iris pearl pigments, There are inks containing general pearl pigments such as scale pigments, transparent inks, and glossy inks.

  In addition, the material having light / dark flip-flop property and / or color flip-flop property that can be used for the base material (2) includes a general metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel, and a resin material such as film or plastic. In addition, there is a base material (2) coated with pearl ink, a paint capable of forming a smooth surface, etc., but the image line (5) has light / dark flip-flop properties and / or color flip-flop properties. If so, there is no limitation on the material to be formed. Hereinafter, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the image line (5) is formed of a material having glitter.

  Next, a method for forming the image line (5) will be described.

  The image line (5) is formed on the base material (2) as an energetic image line with glittering ink, and the glittering base material (2) is deformed into a concave shape or a convex shape. There is a method of forming.

  The method for forming a line with ink is formed by printing on the base material (2) using a printing plate suitable for a known printing method and ink having glitter. When the image line (5) is formed by intaglio printing, screen printing, or flexographic printing, the formed image line (5) is formed as a raised convex image line on the substrate (2). Is done.

  The method of forming the base material (2) by deforming it into a concave shape or a convex shape means that the base material (2) can be deformed by embossing or laser processing. It is formed by processing according to the shape of the image line (5) using a known processing machine.

  In addition, even when the base material (2) having no glitter is used, after being deformed into a concave shape or a convex shape, ink having a glitter property is applied to the deformed portion of the base material (2) by printing. By doing so, it is possible to form the image line (5). For example, the substrate (2) is deformed into a concave shape or a convex shape by sweeping using a known paper machine, and then an ink having a glitter property is applied on the deformed portion by solid printing. 5) is formed.

  Moreover, it is also possible to emboss so that only the surface of the part deform | transformed into the concave shape or the convex shape becomes smooth.

  Next, the visual recognition principle of the three-dimensional display formed body will be described.

  An observation angle for visually recognizing a general arc-shaped arc drawing line will be described. FIG. 14 is a diagram showing viewpoints (E1 and E2) for observing the base material (2) to which the stereoscopic display forming body (1) is applied. Note that the arc drawing line is arranged in the first direction (X1) on the base material (2).

  In general, when the base material (2), the light source (Q) at a fixed position, and the viewpoint are in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 14 (a), it is observed from the first observation angle (E1). Assume that the observation is performed from the second observation angle (E2) when the positional relationship shown in b) is satisfied.

  The first observation angle (E1) is a region where the circular arc image line (11) is visually recognized with brilliancy with respect to incident light from the light source (Q) at a fixed position. For example, when the arc drawing line (11) is formed of pearl ink, the pearl ink does not reflect incident light from the light source (Q) in the diffuse reflection region. Therefore, the arcuate image line (11) is reflected light that is less than a predetermined amount of reflected light, and is visually recognized as an image line that does not have glossiness with the naked eye.

  The second observation angle (E2) is a region where the circular arc image line (11) is visually recognized with brilliancy with respect to incident light from the light source (Q) at a fixed position. For example, when the arc drawing line (11) is formed of pearl ink, the pearl ink reflects incident light from the light source (Q) in the regular reflection region. Therefore, the arcuate image line (11) has reflected light that is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount of reflected light, and is visually recognized as an image line having a glittering property with the naked eye.

  The first observation angle (E1) and the second observation angle (E2) change the positional relationship between the base material (2), the light source (Q), and the start point depending on the material forming the arc drawing line (11). Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the regular reflection area and the diffuse reflection area.

  The first observation angle (E1) is a region in which the arc drawing line (11) is not visually recognized with brilliancy with respect to incident light from the light source (Q) at a fixed position. The observation angle (E2) is a region in which the arc drawing line (11) is visually recognized with brilliancy with respect to incident light from the light source (Q) at a fixed position.

  FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram showing the visual recognition principle of the arc drawing line (11) at the second observation angle (E2). As shown in FIG. 15A, at the second observation angle (E2), the glittering material forming the arc drawing line (11) reflects incident light from the light source (Q).

  When the arc drawing line (11) is concave or convex with respect to the substrate (2), the reflected light (V1, V2, V3, V4, and V5) from the light source (Q) is not one direction but another Reflect in the direction.

  Since the viewing angle of the left eye (L) of the observer is θL, the reflected light (V1 and V2) within the viewing angle θL is visually recognized by the left eye (L). On the other hand, the reflected light (V3, V4, and V5) is not visually recognized because it is outside the range of the viewing angle θL. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15B, the arc drawing line (11) has a glittering property in the left eye (L) of the observer, as shown in FIG. However, the solid line portion on the right (D) side of the drawing outside the viewing angle θL is visually recognized as an image line having no glitter.

  On the other hand, since the viewing angle of the right eye (R) of the observer is θR, reflected light (V4 and V5) within the viewing angle θR is visually recognized by the right eye (R). On the other hand, the reflected lights (V1, V2, and V3) are not visually recognized because they are outside the range of the viewing angle θR. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 15 (c), the arc drawing line (11) has a glittering property in the right (D) side of the viewer within the viewing angle θR in the right eye (R) of the observer. However, the solid line part on the left (U) side of the drawing outside the viewing angle θR is visually recognized as an image line having no glitter.

  A portion visually recognized with the glitter of the arc drawing line (11) visually recognized by the left eye (L) shown in FIG. 15B and an arc visually recognized by the right eye (R) shown in FIG. The portion of the image line (11) that is visible with the glitter is visually recognized as an image line having a phase difference on the left and right with respect to the straight line connecting the left (U) side of the drawing and the right (D) side of the drawing. The Therefore, even if the same image is not formed in a row, both of the arc drawing lines (11) are visually recognized by the observer due to the binocular parallax, as shown in FIG.

  When observing the stereoscopic display forming body (1), the line connecting the left and right viewpoints and the straight line connecting the drawing left (U) side and the drawing right (D) side shown in FIG. By observing in parallel, the arc drawing line (11) and a first image (3) to be described later can be viewed three-dimensionally. Therefore, at the time of observation, the stereoscopic display forming body (1) and / or the viewpoint are adjusted so that the line connecting the left and right viewpoints and the straight line connecting the drawing left (U) side and the drawing right (D) side are parallel.

  Next, using the general observation angle and the visual recognition principle described so far, the visual recognition principle when the stereoscopic display formed body (1) of the present invention is observed from the respective observation angles (E1 and E2) will be described. .

  FIG. 16 is a plan view when the stereoscopic display formed body (1) is observed from the first observation angle (E1). When observed from the first observation angle (E1) with respect to the substrate (2), the first image (3) composed of a plurality of image line groups (4) is one of the image line groups (4). A so-called pattern obtained by compressing an original image, which is a pattern, is visually recognized as a planar image that is regularly arranged.

  FIG. 17 is a plan view when the stereoscopic display formed body (1) is observed from the second observation angle (E2). When observed from the second observation angle (E2) with respect to the base material (2), the original image (9) is partly visually recognized as one virtual image with glitter.

  FIG. 18A1 is a plan view showing a virtual image (12L) visually recognized by the left eye (L) of the observer. As shown in FIG. 18 (a1), at the second observation angle (E2), the left eye (L) of the observer is visually recognized with the glitter in the plurality of arc-shaped image lines (5). A virtual image (12L) consisting of

  FIG. 18B1 is a plan view showing a virtual image (12R) visually recognized by the observer's right eye (R). As shown in FIG. 18 (b1), at the second observation angle (E2), the viewer's right eye (R) is visually recognized with glitter in a plurality of arc-shaped image lines (5). A virtual image (12R) consisting of

  As described above, the image line group (4) visually recognized by the left eye (L) and the image line group (4) visually recognized by the right eye are visually recognized as image lines having a phase difference in the horizontal direction. Due to the binocular parallax, the observer sees the original image (9) as one stereoscopic virtual image (12).

  Furthermore, by changing the observation angle, it is possible to dynamically visually recognize the virtual image (12) as the observation angle changes. Next, the principle that the virtual image (12) is dynamically visually recognized will be described.

  FIG. 19A is a schematic diagram showing a change in the observation angle with respect to the substrate (2), and FIG. 19B is a plan view showing a virtual image (12) visually recognized in FIG. 19A. .

  As shown in FIG. 19A, the observation angle with respect to the base material (2) is changed from the observation angle (E2-1) in the region (θ4) where the image line group (4) is visually recognized with glitter. When the observation angle (E2-2) is continuously changed and observed, the position where the incident light from the light source (Q) in the image line group (4) is reflected in accordance with the change in the observation angle. It gradually changes on the arc drawing line constituting (4).

  Along with the change, the region visually recognized with the glitter of the image line group (4) changes. Thereby, the appearing virtual image (12) shown in FIG. 19B is visually recognized as moving in the arrow direction.

  For example, when the observation angle is continuously changed from the 21st observation angle (E2-1) to the 22nd observation angle (E2-2), the virtual image (12) moves from right to left. And, conversely, when observed while continuously changing from the 22nd observation angle (E2-2) to the 21st observation angle (E2-1), the virtual image (12) It is visually recognized as moving from right to right.

  Thus, the virtual image (12) of the original image (9) in the present invention can be visually recognized as moving three-dimensionally and continuously.

  Next, a modification of the above-described stereoscopic display forming body (1) will be described.

  FIG. 20 is a plan view showing a three-dimensional display formed body (1) according to a modification. Note that a description of the same points as in the above-described embodiment will be omitted. Similar to the above-described embodiment, the image includes a stereoscopically viewable image, but the stereoscopically viewable image in the modified example is an image having a higher dynamic effect than the above-described embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 20, the stereoscopic display formed body (1) has a first image (3) and a second image (13). Since the first image (3) is the same image as the above-described image, the description thereof is omitted. As shown in FIG. 20, the second image (13) is formed at a position close to or adjacent to the first image (3).

  The adjacent position is that the first image (3) and the second image (13) are formed adjacent to each other, and the adjacent positions are the first image (3) and the second image. The image (13) is formed at a close position on the substrate (2).

  It should be noted that in the proximity or adjacent position, the first image (in accordance with the visual field of the observer, the distance between the left and right eyes, the size of the first image (3) and the second image (13)). 3) and the second image (13) are both set within the range of the distance (W) that enables stereoscopic viewing.

  As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 20, the image line (15) composing the second image (13) and the image line (5) composing the first image (3) The shape of the mirror is inverted about the reference line (K) in the direction of.

  FIG. 21 is an explanatory diagram of the arc group forming process of STEP 4 in the production stage and the arc group (6 and 6 ′) and the compressed image (10 and 10 ′) in the overlapping process of STEP 5.

  FIG. 21A shows the arc group forming step (STEP 4). In order to form the first image (3), as described above, the arc group (6) is formed by regularly arranging a plurality of virtual lines (8) having an arc shape and a raised shape. Further, in the modified example, in order to form the second image (13) formed at a position close to or adjacent to the first image (3), an imaginary line (8 ′) having an arc shape and a concave shape is formed. ) Are regularly arranged to form the arc group (6 ′).

  Next, FIG. 21B shows the overlaying step (STEP 5). The above-described compressed images (10 and 10 ') are superimposed on the arc group (6 and 6') formed in STEP4.

  After that, by extracting the image lines of only the part where each virtual line (8 and 8 ') forming each arc group (6 and 6') and each compressed image (10 and 10 ') overlap, As shown in FIG. 20, the image line (15) constituting the second image (13) and the image line (5) constituting the first image (3) are in the first direction. It is formed as a mirror-inverted shape around the reference line (K).

  Also, the image line (5) forming the first image (3) and the image line (15) forming the second image (13) should be different within a range of 1 to 180 degrees. However, it is preferably about 180 degrees. This is about 180 degrees, so that the first image (3) and the second image (13) are visually recognized as three-dimensional and dynamic images with higher dynamic effects. Because. Details of the principle by which the dynamic effect is visually recognized will be described later.

  Hereinafter, in the modification of the present embodiment, the image line (5) forming the first image (3) and the image line (15) forming the second image (13) are 180. It will be described as different.

  FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the visual recognition principle of the arc drawing line (11 ′) at the second observation angle (E2). As shown in FIG. 22A, at the second observation angle (E2), the glittering material forming the arc drawing line (11 ′) reflects incident light from the light source (Q).

  When the arc drawing line (11 ′) is concave or convex with respect to the substrate (2), the reflected light (V1, V2, V3, V4 and V5) from the light source (Q) is not unidirectional. Reflects in the other direction.

  A case where the second image (13) is a concave arc drawing line (11 ′) will be described with reference to FIGS. 22 (a), (b1), (c1), and (d1).

  Since the viewing angle of the left eye (L) of the observer is θL, the reflected light (V4 and V5) within the viewing angle θL is visually recognized by the left eye (L). On the other hand, the reflected lights (V1, V2, and V3) are not visually recognized because they are outside the range of the viewing angle θL. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 22 (b1), the arc drawing line (11 ′) indicates the glittering property on the left eye (L) of the viewer, as shown in FIG. 22 (b1). However, the solid line part on the left (U) side of the drawing outside the viewing angle θL is visually recognized as an image line having no glitter.

  On the other hand, since the viewing angle of the viewer's right eye (R) is θR, reflected light (V1 and V2) within the viewing angle θR is visually recognized by the right eye (R). On the other hand, the reflected lights (V3, V4, and V5) are not visually recognized because they are outside the range of the viewing angle θR. Therefore, the arc drawing line (11 ′) has a glittering property on the right eye (R) of the observer, as shown in FIG. 22 (c1), with a dotted line portion on the left (U) side of the drawing within the viewing angle θR. The solid line portion on the right side (D) of the drawing outside the viewing angle θR is visually recognized as an image line having no glitter.

  A portion visually recognized with the brightness of the arc drawing line (11 ′) visually recognized by the left eye (L) shown in FIG. 22 (b1) and a right eye (R) shown in FIG. 22 (c1). The portion visually recognized with the glitter of the arc drawing line (11 ′) is an drawing line having a phase difference on the left and right with respect to a straight line connecting the drawing left (U) side and the drawing right (D) side. Visible. Therefore, both the arc drawing lines (11 ′) are visually recognized by the observer as shown in FIG. 22 (d1) by binocular parallax without forming a plurality of the same images side by side.

  22 (b2), FIG. 22 (c2), and FIG. 22 (d2), the image line (5) forming the convex arc image line (11) is visually recognized from the second observation angle (E2). It is a schematic diagram at the time. FIG. 22B2 is an arc drawing line (11) visually recognized by the left eye (L) of the observer, and FIG. 22C2 is an arc drawing line (11) visually recognized by the observer's right eye (R). FIG. 22 (d2) is an arc drawing line (11) visually recognized by the left and right eyes (L, R) of the observer.

  As described above, the convex arc drawing line (11) and the concave arc drawing line (11 ′) are glittering in the opposite parts of the left and right eyes (L, R) of the observer. Thus, when the base material (2) is tilted and visually recognized, each arc drawing line (11 and 11 ') is visually recognized by moving in different directions.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 23A, the stereoscopic display formed body (1) shown in FIG. 20 is changed from the observation angle (E2-1) to the observation angle (E2-2) with respect to the base material (2). When observed while continuously changing, each virtual image (12 and 12 ′) is dynamically visually recognized in different directions as shown in FIG.

  Therefore, the three-dimensional display formation body (1) shown in the modified example has a higher dynamic effect than the case where one image described above is formed.

  In the modified example, the original image that is the basis of the first image (3) and the original image that is the basis of the second image (13) have been described as being the same image. Is also possible.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3D display formation body 2 Base material 3 1st image 4, 4-1, 4-2, 4-3, 4-n Image line group 5, 5-1a, 5-1b, 15 Image line 6, 6 ' Arc group 7 Virtual line group 8, 8 'Virtual line 9, 9-1 Original image 10, 10', 10-1, 10-n Compressed image 11, 11 'Arc drawing line 12, 12', 12L, 12R Virtual image 13 Second image E1, E2, E2-1, E2-2 Observation angle Q Light source S System 101 Input unit 102 Processing unit 103 Output unit 104 Storage unit

Claims (8)

An image line group having at least one of light and dark flip-flop characteristics and color flip-flop characteristics and having a shape obtained by compressing an original image that is a base of a virtual image is formed on at least a part of the substrate. A first image formed by regularly arranging a plurality of images at a first pitch in one direction;
The image line group is formed by arranging arcuate image lines regularly with a concave or convex cross-sectional shape with respect to the base material,
The image lines are formed in different shapes in the adjacent image line groups, and the shapes arranged in the corresponding regions are all different.
When the base material is observed while continuously changing from a predetermined angle to a different angle with respect to the light source at a fixed position, the position at which incident light from the light source is reflected gradually on the arc-shaped image line. The three-dimensional display formation body characterized in that the original image is viewed three-dimensionally and dynamically as a virtual image by moving to. The image line is formed of an ink having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property, or from a material having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property. The three-dimensional display formed body according to claim 1, wherein the three-dimensional display formed body is formed by processing the substrate. When there are two original images,
In a position close to or adjacent to the first image on the substrate, further comprising a second image that can be stereoscopically viewed,
The second image has at least one of a light-dark flip-flop property and a color flip-flop property, and has a shape obtained by compressing the second original image that is the basis of the second virtual image. A plurality of image line groups are regularly arranged in the first direction at the first pitch,
The second image line group is formed by regularly arranging arc-shaped second image lines having a concave or convex cross-sectional shape with respect to the base material,
The second image lines are formed in different shapes in the groups corresponding to each other in the adjacent image line groups,
The image forming line forming the first image and the image forming line forming the second image are mirror-inverted,
The three-dimensional display formation body according to claim 1, wherein the two original images are visually recognized as virtual images in a three-dimensional manner and in opposite directions. The second image line is formed of ink having at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property, or has at least one of light / dark flip-flop property and color flip-flop property. The three-dimensional display formation body according to claim 3, wherein the three-dimensional display formation body is formed by processing the substrate made of a material having the same. The method for producing a three-dimensional display forming body according to claim 1 or 2, wherein an image can be dynamically visually recognized by changing a viewing angle using a system including at least an input unit, a processing unit, and an output unit. And
In the processing unit, an original image determination step of creating or determining the original image that is the basis of the virtual image that appears under specular reflection light;
Data corresponding to the original image is input from the input unit. Based on the input data, the processing unit compresses the original image compressed in the first direction in the first direction. A compressed image forming step of forming a compressed image that is regularly arranged at a single pitch; and
A virtual line group in which a plurality of arc-shaped virtual lines having a predetermined line width are regularly arranged in a second direction at a second pitch is different from the first pitch in the first direction. An arc group forming step of forming an arc group that is regularly arranged at three pitches;
Superimposing the plurality of compressed images on the arc group;
An image line extracting step of extracting an image line of only the portion where the virtual line and the plurality of compressed images overlap;
A part of the base material, which is composed of the extracted image line, has at least one of the characteristics of light / dark flip-flop and color flip-flop constituting the first image, and the base A method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body, comprising: an image line group forming step of forming the first image line group having a convex or concave cross-sectional shape. When there are two original images,
In the processing unit, an original image determination step of creating or determining the two original images that are the basis of two virtual images appearing under specular reflection light;
A second arc-shaped virtual line having a predetermined line width obtained by mirror-inverting the direction of the arc-shaped virtual line is regularly arranged at a second pitch in the second direction. An arc group forming step of forming a second arc group formed by regularly arranging a plurality of virtual line groups in a third pitch different from the first pitch in the first direction;
Superposing the plurality of second compressed images on the second arc group;
An image line extracting step of extracting the second image line and only the second image line of the portion where the plurality of second compressed images overlap;
The light / dark flip-flop or color flip-flop that comprises the extracted second image line and constitutes the second image at a position close to or adjacent to the first image on the substrate. And an image line group forming step of forming the second image line group having a convex shape or a concave cross-sectional shape with respect to the base material. Item 6. A method for producing a three-dimensional display formed article according to Item 5. The method for producing a stereoscopic display forming body according to claim 5 or 6, wherein in the adjacent virtual line group, the virtual lines constituting the virtual line group are adjacent to each other. The three-dimensional display formation body according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the difference between the first pitch and the third pitch is 80% to 120% excluding 98% to 102%. Manufacturing method.

Images