JP2010264658A - Printed matter enabling stereoscopic vision - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a printed matter enabling stereoscopic vision using binocular disparity, which is extremely simple and inexpensively formed, and creates naked stereoscopic vision without special tools or complicated devices. <P>SOLUTION: By using image lines of raised ink containing photoluminescent material, a first image is formed by differences in the image line area rates, and a second image is formed by differences in the image line angles. The first image and the second image are comprised of the identical patterns, and the pairing patterns are formed while being misaligned with each other by predetermined distances. When the right (left) eye is in the observation angle area where the diffuse reflection light is dominant and the left (right) eye is in the observation angle area where mirror reflection is dominant due to the positional relation between the right source, the printed matter, and the observer, the first image is displayed on the right (left) eye and the second image is displayed on the left (right) eye respectively in an insulated manner, thereby enabling stereoscopic vision based on the binocular disparity. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a printed material capable of stereoscopic viewing using binocular parallax, and relates to a printed material that can be formed extremely simply and inexpensively and can be stereoscopically viewed without using special tools or complicated devices. .

  Three-dimensional images in which figures such as letters and figures appear three-dimensionally can be rendered more realistic than ordinary flat images. Anaglyph and polarized three-dimensional images can be used in movie theaters and It has been used at expos and amusement parks. Moreover, as an example of a printed matter in which a three-dimensional image is formed on a sheet or card, one having a lenticular or hologram attached thereto is known. These are not only printed materials with high appearance design but also excellent anti-counterfeiting effects because they are difficult to duplicate.

  Stereoscopic vision using binocular parallax means that the human eyes are about 60mm to 70mm apart from the left and right of the right and left eyes, so that objects with different distances to the three-dimensional object and the observer can be observed in an actual three-dimensional space. In this case, the difference between the observed images in the left and right eyes is used to generate a pseudo-stereoscopic image that is established only in the observer's brain. Even in this case, a slightly different image between the right eye and the left eye is shown isolated, and a sense of depth is generated in the observer's brain. And the image which an observer recognizes turns into a stereoscopic image which does not exist in a plane image originally. Assuming that an image viewed with the right eye is image 1 and an image viewed with the left eye is image 2, an observer who performs stereoscopic viewing, although only the image 1 and the image 2 exist in the printed matter, A stereoscopic image that should be called a third image is recognized.

  Well-known representative stereoscopic prints start with stereograms and anaglyphs as classic techniques, and are formed using a polarization method, as a relatively new technique that superimposes parallax barriers and lenticular lenses. Are formed using a hologram. Among the above-described techniques, the printed material capable of autostereoscopic viewing excludes the anaglyph method and the polarization method that require special glasses, that is, a stereogram, a parallax barrier forming body, a lenticular forming body, a hologram, etc. It is.

  However, all of the known autostereoscopic prints have problems. Although a stereogram can be formed at a low cost, it forms two images separately, so it does not look good as an image and requires some training to recognize the image. Although the parallax barrier and lenticular technology can easily realize autostereoscopic vision, not only a specific transparent substrate is required to make the barrier effect and lens effect function, but also on the printed matter itself. There is a problem that a certain thickness is required and the manufacturing process becomes complicated. With respect to holograms, although natural autostereoscopic vision can be realized, there is a problem that processes and processing methods are extremely complicated and expensive. In any case, at present, there is no print product that can be produced easily and mass-produced at low cost, and can be distributed as a print product that can be viewed with the naked eye stereoscopic view.

  In view of this situation, the applicant of the present application specializes in anti-counterfeit printing technology, which is a combination of special image line composition and materials that has been used as anti-counterfeiting technology. Thus, an observer has proposed a stereoscopic image forming body that can be formed easily and inexpensively by an offset printing method, and can be viewed with the naked eye without any training (Patent Document 1 and Patent). Reference 2).

  When light is incident on a stereoscopic image forming body, an observation angle in which diffuse reflection light is dominant and an observation angle in which specular reflection light is dominant are generated. At each observation angle, colors that can be observed are observed. This is a phenomenon that changes greatly, and when viewed from a specific angle, separate images are displayed in the left and right eyes, respectively, and stereoscopic viewing using binocular parallax is possible.

  This three-dimensional image forming body can be mass-produced at a low cost and with almost the same degree of difficulty as a normal printed material by using printing materials and printing machines generally used in the field of commercial printing. The thickness excluding the paper used as the base material is within 1 to 2 μm, and it is easily observed by observing at an appropriate observation angle even though there is no difference in thickness from the printed materials that are generally distributed. It was possible to establish autostereoscopic vision, and it was a printed matter that solved many of the problems that have been encountered with conventional autostereoscopic prints.

JP2009-39921A Japanese Patent Application No. 2008-32943

  However, the stereoscopic image forming body of the prior art was a printed material capable of autostereoscopic viewing that solved many of the problems up to that point, but in order to establish stereoscopic vision, the observer is at an observation angle where specular reflection light is dominant. It is necessary to use a transparent color material to form an image to be visually recognized. This transparent color material is difficult to manage reprinting and accurate density control compared to an opaque color material or a colored color material. There was a quality control problem.

  Further, in the prior art stereoscopic image forming body, it is necessary to form the image for the right eye and the image for the left eye to form stereoscopic vision by using different color materials having different reflection characteristics in different print layers, When there are at least two kinds and many, there is a problem that three or more kinds of coloring materials must be used. A general-purpose commercial printing unit is often composed of four printing cylinders. When the above-described stereoscopic image is formed using such a printing machine, the printing cylinder necessary for forming the stereoscopic image is used. Otherwise, only one or two printing cylinders remain. Considering a package as a single product, there are almost no examples in which a printed matter is formed only by a three-dimensional image, and in many cases, a decoration part corresponding to a background image, a background pattern, a description, or the like is required. As described above, the necessity of a plurality of color materials for forming a stereoscopic image may cause restrictions on product design, and there is a concern that it is impossible to finish the product in one pass.

  The present invention solves the problems of the above-described stereoscopic image forming body, and does not use a transparent coloring material and is substantially the same as the above-described stereoscopic image forming body with only one coloring material. It is an object of the present invention to provide a printed material that can realize autostereoscopic vision with a simple principle.

  The stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention has a printing area in at least a part of the base material, and the stereoscopic image is a printing material that includes two images in the printing area. The image includes a plurality of image elements. A plurality of image elements are composed of different image line groups that are adjacent to each other, and the image line groups have a specific area with a raised shape by ink containing a glittering material of a different color from the base material. A plurality of image lines having a ratio are arranged at a specific angle, and the plurality of image elements include a first image line group including a plurality of image lines having a first angle arranged at a first area ratio. A second image element comprising a plurality of image elements, a second image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a first angle are arranged at a second area ratio different from the first area ratio, and the first angle A third line group in which a plurality of lines having a second angle different from the above are arranged at the second area ratio And a fourth image element consisting of a fourth image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a second angle are arranged at a first area ratio, and at least two images are: It consists of at least a first image and a second image, the first image consists of an image part and a background part, the second image consists of an image part and a background part, and the image part of the first image is The second image element is composed of a third image element, the background portion of the first image is composed of the first image element and the fourth image element, and the image portion of the second image is composed of the third image element. Element and a fourth image element. The background portion of the second image is composed of the first image element and the second image element. The first image element is composed of the first image and the second image. The third image element serves as a shared background part, and the third image element serves as a shared image part of the first image and the second image, and the second image in the first image. The image portion in FIG. 1 includes at least one pair of identical symbols, and the pair of symbols included in the first image and in the second image has the center of each image portion in the horizontal direction. When one of the observer's eyes is placed in an observation angle region where specular reflection light is dominant and the other eye is placed in an observation angle region where diffuse reflection light is dominant, The first image and the second image are insulated and displayed, and a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by binocular parallax.

  The stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention includes a center of a pattern in the second image that forms a pair with the pattern in the first image, and a pattern in the first image that forms a pair in the pattern in the second image. The predetermined distance formed by shifting the center of the symbol is 1 mm or more and 65 mm or less.

  The stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention has a printing area in at least a part on the base material, and the stereoscopically printed material is provided with two images in the printing area. A plurality of image elements are composed of different image line groups, and the image line groups are formed in a specific shape with a raised shape by ink containing a glittering material of a different color from the base material. A plurality of image lines having an area ratio are arranged at a specific angle, and the plurality of image elements include a first image line group including a plurality of image lines having a first angle arranged at a first area ratio. A first image element; a second image element comprising a second image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a first angle are arranged at a second area ratio different from the first area ratio; A third image line in which a plurality of image lines having a second angle different from the angle are arranged at the second area ratio And a fourth image element comprising a fourth image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a second angle are arranged at a first area ratio, and at least two images are , Consisting of at least a first image and a second image, the first image consisting of an image part and a background part, the second image consisting of an image part and a background part, and the image part of the first image being , The second image element and the third image element, the background portion of the first image is composed of the first image element and the fourth image element, and the image portion of the second image is the third image element. The image element and the fourth image element are included, the background portion of the second image is formed of the first image element and the second image element, and the first image element is the first image and the second image. The third image element is a shared image portion of the first image and the second image, and is an image portion in the first image. The image portion in the second image has at least one pair of substantially identical symbols, and the pair of symbols provided in the first image and in the second image are the respective image portions. Or the center of each image portion is shifted by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction, and one eye of the observer is placed in an observation angle region where specular reflection light is dominant, and the other eye Is observed in an observation angle region in which diffusely reflected light is dominant, the first image and the second image are insulated and displayed, and a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by binocular parallax.

  The printed matter that can be viewed stereoscopically according to the present invention includes the center of the pattern in the second image that forms a pair with the pattern in the first image and the pattern in the first image that forms a pair with the pattern in the second image. The predetermined distance in the case where the center is formed so as to be aligned with or shifted from the center is 1 mm or more and 65 mm or less.

The stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention is formed such that the number of image elements is n ² when the number of gradations of the first image and the second image is n in a plurality of image elements. Features.

  The specific area ratio in the stereoscopically printed material of the present invention is 30% or more excluding 100%.

  The specific area ratio in the stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention is characterized by being formed by one of or both of the line width and the line density of the lines constituting the line group. .

  The stereoscopically printed material according to the present invention is characterized in that the difference between the area ratio in the image portion of the first image and the area ratio in the background portion of the first image portion is 5% or more and 30% or less.

  The difference between the first angle and the second angle in the stereoscopically printed material of the present invention is 15 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less.

  The pitch of the image lines constituting the image line group in the stereoscopically printed material of the present invention is 10 μm or more and 1 mm or less.

  The height of the rising of the image line by the ink containing the glittering material in the stereoscopically visible print of the present invention is 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less.

  The stereoscopically printed material of the present invention can form a printed material that can be viewed with the naked eye without using a transparent coloring material as in the case of a conventional stereoscopic image forming body and without being restricted by the base material.

  The stereoscopically printed material of the present invention forms a naked-eye stereoscopic printed material by using a single color material without using at least two or more kinds of color materials as in the conventional stereoscopic image forming body. can do.

It is a figure of the printed matter which can be viewed stereoscopically of the present invention concerning an embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure of four types of image elements which constitute a printing field concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure of the 1st picture concerning an embodiment of the invention. It is a figure of the 2nd image which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the star image contained in the 1st image and 2nd image which concern on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure which shows each observation angle area | region produced when light injects into the printed matter which can be viewed stereoscopically which concerns on embodiment of this invention. (A) is a figure of observation angle field E concerning an embodiment of the invention. (B) is a view of the first image visually recognized in the observation angle region E. FIG. (A) is a figure of observation angle field F concerning an embodiment of the invention. (B) is a figure of the 2nd image visually recognized in observation angle field F. It is a figure which enters L with respect to the image line from which the image line width which concerns on embodiment of this invention differs, and acquires L *, a *, b *, changing a light reception angle. It is a graph which shows L *, a *, and b * which acquired light incident on the image line from which the image line width differs according to embodiment of this invention, and changed light reception angle. It is a graph which shows mutual color difference (DELTA) E according to light reception angle of the image line from which the image line width which concerns on embodiment of this invention differs. It is a figure which injects light with respect to the image line from which the image line angle which concerns on embodiment of this invention differs, and acquires L *, a *, b *, changing a light reception angle. It is a graph which shows L *, a *, and b * acquired by making light incident on the drawing line from which the drawing angle differs which concern on embodiment of this invention, and changing a light reception angle. It is a graph which shows mutual color difference (DELTA) E according to light reception angle of the image line from which the image line angle which concerns on embodiment of this invention differs. It is a figure of four types of image elements which the printing area | region of the printed material of the present invention which can be viewed stereoscopically has an embodiment of the present invention. It is a graph which shows color difference (DELTA) E according to light reception angle at the time of making into a reference | standard the four image lines from which the image line width and image line angle which concern on embodiment of this invention differ. It is a figure of two observation angles in which the stereoscopic vision which concerns on embodiment of this invention is materialized. It is a figure of the principle recognized as the star image which concerns on embodiment of this invention exists in the distance. It is a figure of the principle recognized as the star image which concerns on embodiment of this invention exists near. It is a figure which shows the perspective of each star image at the time of stereoscopically viewing the printed image which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure of the printed matter which can be viewed stereoscopically of this invention which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure of four types of image elements which constitute a printing field concerning Example 1 of the present invention. (A) is a figure of the 1st image which concerns on Example 1 of this invention, (b) is a figure of the 2nd image which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure of the positional relationship of the star image contained in the 1st image and 2nd image which concern on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the perspective of each star image at the time of observing the printed matter which concerns on Example 1 of this invention. It is a figure of the printed matter in which the stereoscopic vision of this invention which concerns on Example 2 of this invention is possible. It is a figure of four types of image elements which constitute a printing field concerning Example 2 of the present invention. (A) is a figure of the 1st image which concerns on Example 2 of this invention, (b) is a figure of the 2nd image which concerns on Example 2 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the cube of the 1st image and 2nd image which concern on Example 2 of this invention. (A) is a perspective view of two XY planes when the printed matter according to the second embodiment of the present invention is observed from the viewpoint of 15a. (B) is a figure which shows the perspective of two XY planes at the time of observing the printed matter which concerns on Example 2 of this invention from 15b viewpoint. (A) is a figure of the cube at the time of observing the printed matter which concerns on Example 2 of this invention from 15a viewpoint. (B) is the figure of the cube at the time of observing the printed matter which concerns on Example 2 of this invention from 15b viewpoint. It is a figure of the printed matter in which the stereoscopic vision of this invention which concerns on Example 3 of this invention is possible. It is a figure of nine types of image elements which constitute a printing field concerning Example 3 of the present invention. (A) is a figure of the 1st image which concerns on Example 3 of this invention, (b) is a figure of the 2nd image which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the imaging | photography condition of the base image of the 1st image and 2nd image which concern on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the image of the eyelid of the 1st image and 2nd image which concern on Example 3 of this invention. It is a figure of the stereo image recognized when the printed matter which concerns on Example 3 of this invention is observed from 15b viewpoint.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below, and includes various other embodiments within the scope of the technical idea described in the scope of claims.

  Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram of a three-dimensionally visible printed material according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram of four types of image elements constituting the print area according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a diagram of a first image according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram of a second image according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between the star images included in the first image and the second image according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating each observation angle region generated when light enters the stereoscopically visible printed material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a diagram of the observation angle region E according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 7B is a diagram of a first image visually recognized in the observation angle region E. FIG. 8A is a diagram of an observation angle region F according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 8B is a diagram of a second image visually recognized in the observation angle region F. FIG. 9 is a diagram in which light is incident on image lines having different image line widths according to the embodiment of the present invention, and L *, a *, and b * are acquired while changing the light reception angle. . FIG. 10 is a graph showing L *, a *, and b * obtained by making light incident on image lines having different image line widths and changing the light receiving angle according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 11 is a graph showing the color difference ΔE of the image lines having different image line widths according to the embodiment of the present invention for each light receiving angle. FIG. 12 is a diagram in which L *, a *, and b * are acquired while light is incident on image lines having different image line angles according to the embodiment of the present invention and the light reception angle is changed. . FIG. 13 is a graph showing L *, a *, and b * acquired while light is incident on image lines having different image line angles according to the embodiment of the present invention and the light reception angle is changed. FIG. 14 is a graph showing the color difference ΔE of the image lines having different image line angles according to the embodiment of the present invention for each light reception angle. FIG. 15 is a diagram of four types of image elements included in the print area of the stereoscopically visible printed material according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 16 is a graph showing a color difference ΔE for each light receiving angle when one drawing line is used as a reference of four drawing lines having different drawing line widths and drawing line angles according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 17 is a diagram of two observation angles at which stereoscopic vision according to the embodiment of the present invention is established. FIG. 18 is a diagram of the principle that a star image according to an embodiment of the present invention is recognized as being far away. FIG. 19 is a diagram illustrating the principle of recognizing a star image according to an embodiment of the present invention as being nearby. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing perspective of each star image when the print image according to the embodiment of the present invention is viewed stereoscopically. FIG. 21 is a diagram of a stereoscopically printed matter according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 22 is a diagram of four types of image elements constituting the print area according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 23A is a diagram of a first image according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 23B is a diagram of a second image according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a positional relationship between star images included in the first image and the second image according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 25 is a diagram illustrating the perspective of each star image when the printed matter according to the first embodiment of the present invention is observed. FIG. 26 is a diagram of a stereoscopically printed matter according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 27 is a diagram of four types of image elements constituting the print area according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 28A is a diagram of a first image according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 28B is a diagram of a second image according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 29 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between a cube of the first image and the second image according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 30A is a diagram showing perspective of two XY planes when the printed material according to the second embodiment of the present invention is observed from the viewpoint of 15a, and FIG. 30B is a diagram according to the second embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure which shows the perspective of two XY planes at the time of observing a printed matter from 15b viewpoint. FIG. 31A is a view of a cube when the printed matter according to the second embodiment of the present invention is observed from the viewpoint of 15a, and FIG. 31B is a view of the printed matter according to the second embodiment of the present invention from the viewpoint of 15b. FIG. FIG. 32 is a diagram of a stereoscopically printed matter according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 33 is a diagram of nine types of image elements constituting the print area according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 34A is a diagram of a first image according to the third embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 34B is a diagram of a second image according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 35 is a diagram illustrating a shooting state of the base images of the first image and the second image according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 36 is a diagram illustrating a positional relationship between the first image and the second image according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 37 is a diagram of a stereoscopic image recognized when the printed matter according to the third embodiment of the present invention is observed from the 15b viewpoint.

  The stereoscopically visible printed material (1) shown in FIG. 1 has a printing region (3) at least partially on the substrate (2), and the printing region (3) adjoins a plurality of image elements. It is formed by that. Each image element is composed of different image line groups, and each image line group has a shape that rises with ink containing a glittering material, and a plurality of lines with a specific area ratio are arranged at a specific angle. It consists of

  The “image line” here refers to a broken line, a broken line, a straight line, a curved line, and a wavy line, and any image line shape is included in the technical idea of the present invention. The “specific area ratio” is the ratio of the image line group occupying a certain area of the print area. The difference in area ratio can be formed only by the difference in the image line width due to the fine line. The image may be formed with the density of the image line, that is, the difference in the image line density, or may be formed using both.

A plurality of image elements which are formed on the print region (3), if the number of gradations of the first image and the second image is n, the number of image elements are formed by n ² kinds. That is, when forming an image with two gradations of black and white, the number of image elements is four, which is the square of 2, and when forming an image with three gradations, the number of image elements is the square of three. There are nine types. The same can be said for four or more gradations.

  In addition, when the image is formed with two gradations, the number of image elements is four, as described above, but the area ratio type and the line angle type are configured with the same number as the number of gradations. In the case of the four types of image elements, four different types of components are formed by combinations of the two types of area ratios and the two types of image line angles that are the same as the number of gradations. That is, there are area ratio A and area ratio B as the two types of area ratios, line angle A and line angle B as the two types of image line angles, and one of the four types of components is area. A combination of the ratio A and the line angle A, one is a combination of the area ratio A and the line angle B, one is a combination of the area ratio B and the line angle A, and one is a combination of the area ratio B and the line angle B. . Furthermore, when an image is formed with three gradations, nine different types of components are formed by combinations of three types of area ratios and three types of line angle. The same can be said for four or more gradations.

  In the embodiment for carrying out the present invention, the image has two gradations, the image element has four types, each image element is composed of different image line groups, and each image line group is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines in parallel. An example will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the print area (3) includes the first image element (4), the second image element (5), the third image element (6), and the fourth image element (7). It is formed by four types of image elements. Each of the four types of image lines constituting the four types of image elements is configured by a set of image lines having different area ratios or image line angles. That is, the first image element (4) is composed of a group of image lines formed by arranging a plurality of image lines having a first angle (horizontal direction (0 degree)) in parallel at a first area ratio, The second image element (5) is an image formed by arranging a plurality of image lines having a first angle (horizontal direction (0 degree)) in parallel at a second area ratio larger than the first area ratio. The third image element (6) is composed of a line group, and the third image element (6) displays an image line having a second angle (vertical direction (90 degrees)) different from the first angle (horizontal direction (0 degrees)). The fourth image element is composed of a plurality of lines arranged in parallel at an area ratio of 2, and the fourth image element has an image line having a second angle (vertical direction (90 degrees)) at the first area ratio. It is composed of a plurality of drawing lines arranged in parallel. In any drawing line group, the drawing line pitches of the drawing lines constituting the drawing line group are all the same. The four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, 7) are also adjacent to each other, but are within the print area (3) without overlapping. Note that the four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, and 7) in FIG. 2 are all shown as having a rectangular frame, but for the rectangular frame, In order to show the positional relationship in the print area (3), the outer frame of the print area (3) is illustrated, and does not actually exist in each image element.

  Here, the relationship between the four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, 7) and the first image (8) and the second image (9) will be described with reference to FIGS. In order to clarify the relationship, description will be made on the assumption that each of the four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, and 7) is colored with light and shade. However, in an actual printed matter, color separation with light and shade is not performed.

  In the four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, 7) forming the print region (3), for example, when the shades are divided according to the area ratio, that is, the first area ratio is configured. When the image element is lightly painted and the image element composed of the second area ratio is darkly painted, the first image element (4) and the fourth image element (7) become light as shown in FIG. Parts are formed, the second image element (5) and the third image element (6) are darkened, an image part consisting of three patterns (10a, 11a, 12a) is formed, and the background part and the image part Thus, the first image (8) is obtained. In the embodiment for carrying out the present invention, an example in which an image portion is formed by three star symbols is described. However, the image portion may be formed by at least one symbol. The principle that the first image (8) formed by the difference in area ratio can be visually recognized under specific observation conditions will be described based on a color difference ΔE described later.

  Further, in the four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, 7) forming the print area (3), for example, when shades are separately applied according to the image line angle, that is, the first angle (horizontal direction) When the image element composed of (0 degree) is lightly painted and the image element composed of the second angle (vertical direction (90 degrees)) is painted darkly, the first image as shown in FIG. The element (4) and the second image element (5) are lightened to form a background portion, the third image element (6) and the fourth image element (7) are darkened, and the three symbols (10b, 11b) 12b) is formed, and the background portion and the image portion form the second image (9). In the embodiment for carrying out the present invention, an example in which an image portion is formed by three star symbols is described. However, the image portion may be formed by at least one symbol. The principle that the second image (9) formed by the difference in the image line angle can be visually recognized under a specific viewing condition will be described based on a color difference ΔE described later.

  Thus, the image portion and background portion of the first image (8) and the image portion and background portion of the second image (9) are combinations of four types of image elements (4, 5, 6, 7). The first image element (4) is a shared background of the first image (8) and the second image (9), and the third image element (6) This is a shared image portion for the first image (8) and the second image (9).

  FIG. 5 shows the positions of three symbols (10a, 11a, 12a) in the first image (8) and three symbols (10b, 11b, 12b) in the second image (9). is there. The symbol (10a) in the first image (8) and the symbol (10b) in the second image (9), the symbol (11a) in the first image (8) and the second image (9) The symbol (11b) and the symbol (12a) in the first image (8) and the symbol (12b) in the second image (9) form a pair. The position and size of the pattern (10a) in the first image (8) and the pattern (10b) in the second image (9) are the same, but the pattern (11a, The positions of the symbols (11b, 12b) in 12a) and the second image (9) are slightly different from each other in the left-right direction. The left-right direction mentioned here is on a line parallel to the line connecting the left eye and the right eye of the observer who observes the printed material (1) that can be viewed stereoscopically. In other words, the positions of the symbols (11a, 12a) in the first image (8) and the symbols (11b, 12b) in the second image (9) are respectively left and right with respect to the lower side of the substrate (2). When the directions are slightly different, the observer observes the line connecting the lower side of the base material (2) and his eyes in parallel.

  As for the size of the symbol, the symbol (11a) and the symbol (11b) are the same, and the symbol (12a) and the symbol (12b) are the same, but the symbol (11b) is based on the symbol (11a), The pattern (12b) is formed by changing the phase in the right direction. The pattern (12b) is formed by changing the phase in the right direction.

  As described above, the first image having the print region (3) in at least a part of the base material (2), the print region (3) having the same size and different left-right phase. (8) and a second image (9), the first image (7) and the second image (8) are constituted by image elements formed by different image line groups, and the image line groups are It is formed by a set of image lines that have swell and have glitter. The above is the configuration of the stereoscopically printed material of the present invention.

  Next, the principle by which the stereoscopically printed material of the present invention can be stereoscopically viewed by an observer who observes at a specific observation angle will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 6, when the light source (13) is incident on the stereoscopically printed material (1), each observation angle region is divided according to the ratio of regular reflection light and diffuse reflection light. That is, when the light source (13) is incident from an angle of −45 degrees, the amount of diffusely reflected light is absolutely larger than the amount of specularly reflected light at an angle of 45 degrees ± 5 degrees. A large observation angle region. This observation angle region is defined as an observation angle region G. Further, adjacent regions of the observation angle region G of 0 ° to 40 ° and 50 ° to 80 ° are observation angle regions in which specular reflection light and diffuse reflection light are mixed with approximately the same intensity. This observation angle region is defined as an observation angle region F. In addition, in the other observation angle regions, an observation angle region in which the diffuse reflection light in which the amount of diffuse reflection light is absolutely larger than the amount of regular reflection light is dominant is generated. This observation angle region is defined as an observation angle region E.

  Further, the width (angle range) of each observation angle region can be controlled. As an example, when it is desired to enlarge the observation angle region G or the observation angle region F, it is possible to use a sheet with low smoothness as the printing base material or to increase the rising of the image line. In the stereoscopically printed material (1) according to the present invention, it is preferable that the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F are narrow. This is because, when stereoscopic viewing is performed according to the principle described later, it is relatively difficult to stably perform stereoscopic viewing when the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F are wide. The reason for this will be described later.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, when the observer observes the stereoscopically printed material (1) according to the present invention from the viewpoint of the observation angle region E, an image seen in the print region (3) is shown in FIG. Shown in (b). The observation angle region E is an angle region in which the proportion of specularly reflected light is extremely low, and therefore there is no element for visualizing the difference in the line angle having a bulge, and the color formed by the difference in the area ratio of the line. The difference is strongly recognized. Therefore, the image that the observer visually recognizes in the print region (3) in the observation angle region E is only the first image (8) that is an image in which the difference in area ratio is emphasized, and is formed by the difference in the line angle. The second image (9) is not visually recognized.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8A, when the observer observes the stereoscopically printed material (1) according to the present invention from the viewpoint of the observation angle region F, an image seen in the print region (3) is displayed. As shown in FIG. The observation angle region F is an angle region where a relatively large amount of specular reflection light exists, so that the difference in the angle of the line having the bulge is visualized according to the angle of the incident light, and the area ratio of the line is The difference in color formed by the difference is perceived to be small visually by the fact that the specular material reflects the light when the specularly reflected light is incident and the brightness of the entire image line is relatively increased. Therefore, the image that the observer visually recognizes in the print region (3) in the observation angle region F is only the second image (9) that is an image that emphasizes the difference in the line angle, and is formed by the difference in the area ratio. The first image (8) is not visually recognized.

  In the observation angle region E, the image that the observer visually recognizes in the print region (3) is only the first image (8), and in the observation angle region F, the observer visually recognizes in the print region (3). The effect that the image is only the second image (9) will be described below. Here, a description will be given of a case where the difference in area ratio is formed by the difference in the line width due to the thick line. However, the image line width and the image line pitch are examples for explaining a viewable image in each observation angle region.

  First, how the colors of two image line groups having the same pitch and different image line widths change in each observation angle region will be described. An image line group (31a) in which image lines having an image line angle of 90 degrees (vertical direction) with a pitch of 0.4 mm and an image line width of 0.15 mm shown in FIG. 9A are arranged in parallel, and FIG. From the direction orthogonal to the image line group (31b) in which the image lines having a pitch of 0.4 mm and an image line width of 0.20 mm and an image line angle of 90 degrees (vertical direction) are arranged in parallel- Light was incident from a light source (13) at an angle of 45 °, and L *, a *, and b * from a light receiving angle of −20 ° to 80 ° were measured. The values of L *, a *, and b * were measured using a variable angle spectrocolorimetric system GCMS-4 type (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory). The values of L *, a *, and b * in the stroke group (31a) are L1 *, a1 *, and b1 *, respectively, and the values of L *, a *, and b * in the stroke group (31b) are respectively Let L2 *, a2 *, and b2 *. In addition, the height of the rising of the image line group (31a, 31b) is 10 μm.

  The result of the measurement is as shown in the graph of FIG. 10, and L1 *, a1 *, b1 * and L2 *, a2 * of the two line groups (31a) and the line group (31b) having different line widths. , B2 * are similar in waveform at any light receiving angle, and the difference therebetween is substantially constant. Further, the graph of FIG. 11 shows the result of calculating the color difference ΔE of L2 *, a2 *, b2 * of the image line group (31b) with reference to L1 *, a1 *, b1 * of the image line group (31a). . From this graph, the color difference ΔE of the image line groups (31a, 31b) having different image line widths remains substantially constant from the observation angle region E to the observation angle region F, and slightly in the observation angle region G. It turns out that it is a change of the rise degree. Therefore, the first image (8) formed by using a combination of image line groups having different image line widths has two image elements that form an image as different colors almost unchanged in any observation angle region. Since it is recognized, it can be seen that a certain level of visibility is maintained.

  Next, how the colors of two image line groups having the same pitch and different image line angles change in each observation angle region will be described. An image line group (32a) in which image lines having an image line angle of 90 degrees (vertical direction) with a pitch of 0.4 mm and an image line width of 0.15 mm shown in FIG. 12A are arranged in parallel, and FIG. From the direction parallel to the image line group (32b) in which image lines having an image line width of 0.15 mm and an image line angle of 0 degree (horizontal direction) arranged in parallel are shown in FIG. Light from the light source 13 was incident at an angle of −45 °, and L *, a *, and b * from a light receiving angle of −20 ° to 80 ° were measured. The values of L *, a *, and b * were measured using a variable angle spectrocolorimetric system GCMS-4 type (manufactured by Murakami Color Research Laboratory). The values of L *, a *, and b * in the line group (32a) are L1 * ′, a1 * ′, and b1 * ′, respectively, and the values of L *, a *, and b * in the line group (32b) are set. Are L2 * ′, a2 * ′, and b2 * ′, respectively. In addition, in any of the image line groups (32a, 32b), the height of the image line rise is 10 μm.

  The result of the measurement is as shown in the graph of FIG. 13, and L1 * ′, a1 * ′, b1 * ′ and L2 * of the two line groups (32a) and the line group (32b) having different line widths. It can be seen that ', a2 *', and b2 * 'have regions having different waveforms at a specific light receiving angle, and the difference is also a large value. Further, the result of calculating the color difference ΔE of L2 * ′, a2 * ′, and b2 * ′ of the image line group (32b) with reference to L1 * ′, a1 * ′, and b1 * ′ of the image line group (32a) is shown in FIG. It is shown in 14 graphs. From this graph, it can be seen that the color difference ΔE of the image line groups (32a, 32b) having different image angle results in a larger difference in the observation angle region F than in the observation angle region E or the observation angle region G. Therefore, the second image (9) formed by using a combination of image line groups having different image line angles is visually recognized because the two image elements forming the image change as completely different colors in the observation angle region F. It can be seen that the property is drastically improved.

  Subsequently, the colors of the four types of image line groups having different image line widths and image line angles forming the stereoscopically printed material (1) of the present invention change in each observation angle region, How the image of the print area (3) formed by combining the images is recognized by the observer will be described using the color difference ΔE.

  FIG. 15 (a) to FIG. 15 (d) show four types of image elements that the print area (3) of the stereoscopically printed material (1) of the present invention has. (A) is the first image element (4), and the image line group of the first image element (4) is an image of 0 degree (horizontal direction) with a pitch of 0.4 mm and an image line width of 0.15 mm. The lines are arranged in parallel. (B) is the second image element (5), and the image line group of the second image element (5) is an image of 0 degree (horizontal direction) with an image line width of 0.20 mm and a pitch of 0.4 mm. The lines are arranged in parallel. (C) is the third image element (6), and the image line group of the third image element (6) is an image of 90 degrees (vertical direction) having a pitch of 0.4 mm and an image line width of 0.20 mm. The lines are arranged in parallel. (D) is a fourth image element (7), and the fourth image element (7) has a 90 ° (vertical direction) image line having a line width of 0.15 mm and a line width of 0.15 mm in parallel. It is arranged and arranged. In any of the image line groups, the height of the image line rise is 10 μm. FIG. 15E shows a list of image elements corresponding to differences in area ratio (drawing line thickness) and drawing line angle, and visual images corresponding thereto.

  The L *, a *, and b * values of each stroke group in these four types of image elements were measured according to the procedure described above. From each L *, a *, b * value, the color difference ΔE is calculated based on the L *, a *, b * value of the image line group forming the fourth image element (7), and the light receiving angle The results plotted separately are shown in the graph of FIG.

  L *, a *, b of the image line group forming the third element (6) on the basis of the L *, a *, b * values of the image line group forming the fourth image element (7). A line (33) plots the color difference ΔE from the * value, and plots the color difference ΔE from the L *, a *, and b * values of the image line group forming the first element (4). A broken line (35) plots the color difference ΔE from the L *, a *, and b * values of the image line group forming the second element (5).

  From the graph of FIG. 16, in the observation angle region E (light reception angle of 0 ° or less), ΔE of the polygonal line (34) is 2 or less, whereas ΔE of the polygonal line (33) and the polygonal line (35) is It is 7 or more and has a similar value. From this, the fourth image element (7) and the first image element (4) are recognized as substantially the same color, but the second image element (5) and the third image element (6) are The fourth image element (7) and the first image element (4) are recognized as different colors, and the fourth image element (7) and the first image element (4) are the same. It will be recognized as a color. Therefore, in the observation angle region E, the first image (8) formed with the thick line width is visualized, and is strongly visually recognized in this region.

  From the graph of FIG. 16, in the observation angle region F (light reception angle 20 ° ± 20 or less), ΔE of the broken line (33) is 11 or less, whereas ΔE of the broken line (34) and the broken line (35). Greatly exceeds that, and ΔE exceeds 60 at the maximum. From this, it is recognized that the fourth image element (7) and the third image element (6) are different in color, and the first image element (4) and the second image element (5) The fourth image element (7) and the third image element (6) are recognized as completely different colors, and the first image element (4) and the second image element (5) have the same color. Visible. However, the color difference of the third image element (6) relative to the fourth image element (7) is relative to the color difference of the first image element (4) and the second image element (5). The fourth image element (7) and the third image element (6) are recognized as the same color, and the first image element (4) and the second image element are recognized as different colors. The Rukoto. Therefore, in the observation angle region E, the second image (9) formed by the difference in the line angle is strongly visually recognized.

  In the observation angle region G, the first image (8) is recognized slightly strongly, or the first image (8) and the second image (9) are mixed and recognized. However, since the observation angle region G has only a very narrow angle region and is sandwiched between the observation angle regions F, the observation angle region F seems to exist continuously as the subjectivity of the observer. I can feel it.

  The above is different when the stereoscopically-printed print (1) of the present invention is observed in a specific observation angle region by forming the print region (3) with image line groups having different area ratios and image line angles. This is an effect in which the first image (8) and the second image (9) are visually recognized. However, in the above description, the second image (9) is intentionally described in order to clearly explain the effect that the first image (8) and the second image (9) are switched according to the observation angle. An example in which the viewing angle is relatively wide (the viewing angle region F is wide) is described. As will be described later, in the present invention, the viewing angle of the second image (9) is preferably narrow.

  As described above, the stereoscopically printed material (1) of the present invention is observed in a specific observation angle region by forming the print region (3) with a line group having different area ratios and line angle. The first image (8) and the second image (9) which are different from each other are visually recognized. By utilizing this effect, stereoscopic vision is established only when the observer's viewpoint is at a specific observation angle. The specific observation angle referred to here is a case where only the right eye or only the left eye is in the observation angle region E and only the other eye is in the observation angle region F as shown in 15a and 15b of FIG. is there. In the case of the two observation angles, the first image (8) and the second image (9) are respectively displayed in an insulated manner on the right eye and the left eye of the observer. Stereo vision using binocular parallax is established by the phase difference between the left and right images between (8) and the second image (9).

  Taking the observer's viewpoint (15b) in FIG. 17 as an example, the viewer recognizes the first image (8) in the left eye and the second image (9) in the right eye. The three-dimensional effect to be performed will be described. FIG. 18B shows a sense of depth that occurs when the upper left symbol (12a, 12b) in the image shown in FIG. 18A is observed from the viewpoint (15b) of the observer. Since the pattern (12b) of the second image (9) is visually recognized on the right eye and the pattern (12a) of the first image (8) is visually recognized on the left eye, the right eye and the pattern (12b) are connected. A straight line connecting the straight line, the left eye, and the symbol (12a) intersects on BB ′. In this case, the printed matter and its image are present on A-A ', but the observer has the design in which the symbol (12a, 12b) in the upper left corner of the image is at the position B-B'. Recognized as (12c).

  Further, FIG. 19B shows a sense of depth that occurs when the right symbol (11a, 11b) in the image shown in FIG. 19A is observed from the viewpoint (15b) of the observer. Since the pattern (11b) of the second image (9) is visually recognized on the right eye and the pattern (11a) of the first image (8) is visually recognized on the left eye, the right eye and the pattern (11b) are connected. A straight line connecting the straight line, the left eye, and the symbol (11a) intersects on C-C '. In this case, the printed matter and its image are present on A-A ′, but the viewer has the symbol on the right side of the image (11a, 11b) at the position of C-C ′. Recognized as (11c).

  As shown in FIG. 20 (a), when the stereoscopically-printed printed material (1) is observed from the observer's viewpoint (15b), the design (10a, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12a, 12b) are present on A-A ′, but the visual state of the symbol (12c) shown in FIG. 18B and the symbol shown in FIG. 19B ( 11c), the upper left symbols (12a, 12b) are behind the observer's viewpoint (15b) when A-A 'is used as a reference, as shown in FIG. 20 (b). It is recognized that there is a symbol (12c) on B-B ', and the symbols (11a, 11b) on the right are C before the observer's viewpoint (15b) when A-A' is the reference. It is recognized that there is a symbol (11c) on -C ′. Since the lower left symbols (10a, 10b) are formed at the same position, they are originally present on A-A ′ where the symbols formed on the printed matter (1) that can be viewed stereoscopically exist. It is recognized that The above is the principle by which the stereoscopically printed material (1) of the present invention produces a stereoscopic effect.

  In addition, when observed from the observer's viewpoint (15a), the upper left symbols (12a, 12b) and the right symbols (11a, 11b) in the depth direction are compared to those observed from the observer's viewpoint (15b). The positional relationship is reversed. That is, the upper left symbols (12a, 12b) are recognized on the near side, and the right symbols (11a, 11b) are recognized on the far side.

  The image line constituting the stereoscopically-printed printed material (1) of the present invention needs to have a color different from that of the base material (2) and have glitter. This is because in order to visualize the second image in the observation angle region F, it is necessary to have an effect of strongly reflecting incident light. As a means for imparting glitter, the image line may be formed using a commercially available metallic ink such as gold or silver ink, and an ink in which a glitter material is mixed with an arbitrary color material excluding transparency. You may form using. Bright materials include aluminum powder, copper powder, zinc powder, tin powder, brass powder or metallic phosphide such as iron phosphide, scale mica pigment, scale metal pigment, glass flake pigment, cholesteric liquid crystal pigment, etc. Contains pigments.

  Moreover, the image line which comprises the printed matter (1) which can be viewed stereoscopically of this invention needs to have a swell. This is because when there is no swell, the incident light in the observation angle region F cannot be reflected, and the second image is not visualized. The height of the rising of the image line is 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less. When the image line is formed with a swell lower than 2 μm, the visibility of the second image appearing in the observation angle region F is extremely low or the second image does not appear at all, so the swell of the image line is 2 μm. It is good to form with the above height. In addition, when the height is higher than 10 μm, it is difficult to determine an appropriate angle for stereoscopic vision although stereoscopic vision is possible. This is because, when the rising of the image line is higher than 10 μm, the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F are widened, and the angle range in which the second image can be observed is widened. When the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F are widened, both the right eye and the left eye of the observer are within the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F except when the distance between the printed matter and the observer is extremely close. End up. In order to intentionally put only one eye into the observation angle region E from this state, it is necessary to bring the printed material and both eyes closer together while maintaining an appropriate observation angle. Since this method is far from the general observation method of printed matter, it becomes an extremely high threshold for an unfamiliar user. For this reason, it is preferable to form the swell of the image line lower than 10 μm.

  In the present invention, the observation angle region G and the observation angle region F are designed to be intentionally narrow. This is because, when light is incident on the stereoscopically printed material (1) of the present invention at a natural observation distance, only one eye of the observer can enter the observation angle region G or the observation angle region F. Because it is intended. When only one eye enters the observation angle region G or the observation angle region F, the other eye automatically enters the observation angle region E, and stereoscopic vision is easily established. Therefore, when the present invention is designed with an image line height of 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less, the observer may slightly tilt the printed matter with respect to the light without understanding the principle of the stereoscopic view of the present invention. A stereoscopic image can be visually recognized only by observing.

  As a method of forming a large image line having a height of 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less, there are a printing method such as relief printing, flexographic printing, gravure printing, intaglio printing, screen printing method, UV drying ink jet, etc. Examples include a method using a printer.

  In addition, the base material (2) of the stereoscopically printed matter (1) of the present invention preferably has a high smoothness, and in particular, a base material such as a coated paper or a plastic card represented by coated paper or art paper. Is the best. This is because the above-described observation angle region G and observation angle region F are widened when formed on the substrate (2) having low smoothness.

  In the printing region of the stereoscopically printed matter (1) according to the present invention, the area ratio is desirably in a range exceeding 30% excluding 100%. This is to keep the visibility of the second image in the observation angle region F high and to enhance the disappearance effect of the first image. These effects can be obtained even when the area ratio is 30% or less. However, this is because the effect is inferior when compared with the image line group of 30% or more.

  The first image visualized in the observation angle region E needs to be formed by using the difference in area ratio. As described above, the difference in area ratio is the difference in the line width due to the thick line. However, it is not necessary to form the image only by using both of them. However, the line width and the line density of each line group are preferably 5% to 30% in terms of area ratio. When the area ratio difference between the image lines is 5% or less, the visibility of the second image in the observation angle region F is good, but the visibility of the first image in the observation angle region E is too low. Similarly, when it is 30% or more, the first image is easily visible in the observation angle region E, but the first image is not completely lost in the observation angle region F. This is because the first image and the second image are mixed and visually recognized. In order to establish stereoscopic vision easily, the visibility of the first image and the second image needs to be as close as possible. Therefore, the image line in the print region is 5% in terms of area ratio. It is desirable to keep the difference of 30% or less.

  Regarding the difference in the line angle for forming the second image, it is desirable to form it at 15 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less. This is because the visibility of the second image in the observation angle region F is too low when the difference in the line angle is 15 degrees or less.

  It is desirable that the line pitch of each line group is 10 μm (0.01 mm) or more and 1 mm or less. In order to form an image line pitch of 10 μm or less, there is no inexpensive and stable continuous manufacturing method for printing. Forming an image line pitch of 1 mm or more can not only cope with a low-resolution design, but also an image line. Since the difference in angle between the first image and the second image is stereoscopically viewed, a visual field struggle (halation) occurs due to the difference in the line angle between the first image and the second image. This is because the possibility of not being able to see is increased. In the embodiment and Example 1 to Example 3 to be described later, the area ratio of the image line group configuring each image line element is set by making the image line pitch in each image element constant and the image line width different. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the area ratio may be made different by making the image line width the same and giving the pitch regularity. Giving regularity to the pitch means gradually increasing or decreasing the pitch, or a combination thereof.

  The first image and the second image are configured to include the same image and / or substantially the same image. “Substantially the same image” refers to a photograph or image taken with the camera's shooting angle shifted by about the position of both eyes, or an image that is observed while shifting the position of both eyes with respect to a three-dimensional object or a three-dimensional landscape. An image created by processing software or the like. In the present embodiment, the upper left symbols (12a, 12b), the right symbols (11a, 11b), and the lower left symbols (10a, 10b) correspond to the same image.

  In the same image, the upper left symbol (12b) that forms a pair with the upper left symbol (12a) and the upper right symbol (11b) that forms a pair with the right symbol (11a) have the center of each symbol in the horizontal direction. It creates a sense of perspective by shifting the distance. This predetermined distance in the left-right direction must be kept below 65 mm, which is the distance between both eyes of a general human. In addition, in order to create an appropriate perspective that everyone feels as such, it is necessary to form it at a predetermined distance of 1 mm or more, so the predetermined distance shifted in the left-right direction is 1 mm or more and 65 mm or less. However, the greater the phase difference in the left-right direction, the greater the perspective in the stereoscopic image.However, the contradiction that the focal length of the eye differs from the perspective in the stereoscopic image is further increased. More preferably, it is kept at 20 mm or less.

  Also, the upper left symbol (12b) that forms a pair with the upper left symbol (12a) and the upper right symbol (11b) that forms a pair with the right symbol (11a) are substantially the same images as in Example 3 described later. In this case, the upper left symbol (12b) paired with the upper left symbol (12a) and the upper right symbol (11b) paired with the right symbol (11a) may be formed by aligning the centers of the respective symbols. good. This is because the original image is substantially the same, and by aligning the center of the image, the image inevitably shifts in the left-right direction, creating a sense of perspective.

  Further, in the present embodiment, since the image has been described in the case of two gradations, there are four types of image elements. However, there are nine types of image elements in the case of three gradations, and each area in the nine types of image elements. As described above, there are three types of rate and each drawing angle. In this case, the area ratio is formed to be high when a dark color is to be expressed, and is low when a light color is to be expressed, according to the gradation (color density) of the image to be expressed. The angle of the line is larger than the angle of the line that forms the background part of the second image when expressing a dark color, and the angle close to the angle of forming the background part when expressing a light color. Form with.

  Hereinafter, according to the best mode for carrying out the invention described above, an example of a specifically produced stereoscopically printable material will be described in detail, but the invention is not limited to this example. .

  FIG. 21 shows a printed matter (1 ′) that can be stereoscopically viewed in the first embodiment. Using a silver ink for UV screen printing (made by Miracene Wallstenholm Co., Ltd.) on a base material (2 ′) which is a general coated paper, it has a swell and has glitter by UV screen printing. A print area (3 ') is formed by a group of image lines composed of a plurality of image lines. The height of the image line having the bulge in Example 1 is 10 μm. Further, the printing area (3 ′) has a square shape in which corners of 30 mm × 30 mm are slightly rounded.

  There are four types of image elements in the first embodiment, and the four types of image elements are the first image element (4 ′), the second image element (5 ′), and the third type shown in FIG. The image element (6 ′) and the fourth image element (7 ′). The first image element (4 ′) is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.30 mm, an image line width of 0.15 mm, and an image line angle of −15 degrees in parallel, and the second image element (5 ′). ′) Is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.30 mm, an image line width of 0.20 mm, and an image line angle of −15 degrees in parallel, and the third image element (6 ′) has a pitch of 0. The fourth image element (7 ') has a pitch of 0.30 mm and an image line width of 0.15 mm. A plurality of image lines having an image line angle of 15 degrees are arranged in parallel. Note that the image elements (4 ′, 5 ′, 6 ′, and 7 ′) in FIG. 22 are all illustrated as having a rectangular frame, but each of the image elements has a rectangular frame. In order to show the positional relationship in the print area (3 ′), the outer frame of the print area (3 ′) is illustrated, and does not actually exist in each image element.

  The four types of image elements (4 ′, 5 ′, 6 ′, 7 ′) forming the print area (3 ′) are an image line having an image line width of 0.20 mm and an image line having an image line width of 0.15 mm. Assuming that light and shade are added, the first image element (4 ′) and the fourth image element (7 ′) are lightened to form a background portion, and the second image element (5 ′) and the third image element are formed. (6 ') becomes darker, and in the first embodiment, an image part composed of three stars (10a', 11a ', 12a') is formed, and the background part and the image part are shown in FIG. The first image (8 ′) shown in FIG.

  The four types of image elements (4 ′, 5 ′, 6 ′, and 7 ′) that form the print area (3 ′) include an image line with an image line angle of −15 degrees and an image line with an image line angle of 15 degrees. As a result, the first image element (4 ′) and the second image element (5 ′) become light and a background portion is formed, and the third image element (6 ′) and the fourth image are formed. The element (7 ′) becomes darker, and in the first embodiment, an image part composed of three stars (10b ′, 11b ′, 12b ′) is formed. The second image (9 ′) shown in b) is obtained.

  Thus, the image portion and background portion of the first image (8 ′) and the image portion and background portion of the second image (9 ′) are divided into four types of image elements (4 ′, 5 ′, 6 ′). 7 ′), the first image element (4 ′) is a shared background portion in the first image (8 ′) and the second image (9 ′), and the third The image element (6 ′) is a shared image portion in the first image (8 ′) and the second image (9 ′).

  FIG. 24 shows three stars (10a ′, 11a ′, 12a ′) in the first image (8 ′) and three stars (10b ′, 11b ′, 12b ′) in the second image (9 ′). ). The position and size of the star (10a ') in the first image (8') and the star (10b ') in the second image (9') are the same, but the first image (8 ' ) And the stars (11b ′, 12b ′) in the second image (9 ′) are slightly different from each other in the left-right direction as in the embodiment. Regarding the size of the star, the star (11a ′) and the star (11b ′) are the same, and the star (12a ′) and the star (12b ′) are the same, but when the star (11a ′) is used as a reference, The star (11b ′) is formed with a phase shift of 3 mm in the left direction. When the star (12a ′) is used as a reference, the star (12b ′) is formed with a phase shift of 3 mm to the right.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 25A, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ′) of the present invention is observed from the viewpoint (15b) of the observer shown in the embodiment, the printed material (1 ′) itself Is present on A-A ′, but as shown in FIG. 25 (b), the upper left star (12a ′, 12b ′) becomes the star (12c ′) on BB ′. The right star (11a ', 11b') is on the star (11c ') on C-C', and the lower left star (10a ', 10b') is on A-A 'where the printed matter is present. It was recognized that When observed from the observer's viewpoint (15a), the positional relationship in the depth direction of the upper left star (12a ′, 12b ′) and the right star (11a ′, 11b ′) was recognized in reverse. . As described above, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ′) of the present invention is observed at a specific angle, it is confirmed that the image in the print region (3 ′) can be observed with a sense of perspective. We were able to.

  In the second embodiment, a case will be described in which the first image and the second image are provided with substantially the same image instead of the same image as in the first embodiment. FIG. 26 shows a stereoscopically printed material (1 ″) according to the second embodiment. Using a silver ink for UV flexographic printing (manufactured by UV Flexo Silver T & K TOKA) on a base material (2 ″) which is a general coated paper, it has a swell by UV flexographic printing and has a glittering property. A print region (3 ″) is formed by a group of image lines each having a plurality of image lines. The height of the image line having the swell in the second embodiment is 3 μm. The printing area (3 ″) has a square shape in which corners of 30 mm × 30 mm are slightly rounded.

  There are four types of image elements in the second embodiment. The four types of image elements are the first image element (4 ″), the second image element (5 ″) shown in FIG. A third image element (6 ″) and a fourth image element (7 ″). The first image element (4 ″) is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.04 mm, and an image line angle of 0 degrees in parallel, and the second image element (5 ″) Is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.07 mm, and an image line angle of 0 degrees in parallel, and the third image element (6 ″) has a pitch of 0. .4 mm, image width 0.07 mm, image angle 90 degrees (vertical direction), and arranged in parallel, the fourth image element (7 ″) has a pitch of 0.12 mm, A plurality of image lines having an image line width of 0.04 mm and an image line angle of 90 degrees are arranged in parallel. Note that the image elements (4 ″, 5 ″, 6 ″, 7 ″) in FIG. 27 are all illustrated as having a rectangular frame, but for the rectangular frame, In order to show the positional relationship of each image element in the print area (3 ″), an outer frame of the print area (3 ″) is illustrated, and does not actually exist in each image element.

  The four types of image elements (4 ″, 5 ″, 6 ″, 7 ″) that form the print area (3 ″) include an image line with an image line width of 0.04 mm, an image line width of 0. Assuming that the image line of 07 mm is shaded, the first image element (4 ″) and the fourth image element (7 ″) are lightened to form a background portion, and the second image element (5 ′ ′) And the third image element (6 ″) are darkened, and in one pattern, in the present embodiment 2, an image part composed of a cube (16a) is formed. In the background part and the image part, FIG. The first image (8 ″) shown in a) is obtained.

  The four types of image elements (4 ″, 5 ″, 6 ″, 7 ″) that form the print area (3 ″) include an image line with an image line angle of 0 degree and an image line angle of 90 degrees. Assuming that the image line is shaded, the first image element (4 ″) and the second image element (5 ″) are lightened to form a background portion, and the third image element (6 ′ ′) And the fourth image element (7 ″) are darkened, and in one design, in this embodiment, an image portion composed of a cube (16b) is formed, and in the background portion and the image portion, FIG. The second image (9 ″) shown in b) is obtained.

  Thus, the image portion and background portion of the first image (8 ″) and the image portion and background portion of the second image (9 ″) are divided into four types of image elements (4 ″, 5 ′). ′, 6 ″, 7 ″), but the first image element (4 ″) is the first image (8 ″) and the second image (9 ″). The third image element (6 ″) serves as a shared background portion in the first image (8 ″) and the second image (9 ″).

  FIG. 29 shows a cube (16a) indicated by a broken line in the first image (8 ″) in the print area (3 ″) and a cube (16b) indicated by a light solid line in the second image (9 ″). ) And the positional relationship. In the second embodiment, the two cubes (16a, 16b) are substantially the same images. The two cubes (16a, 16a) have XY planes (17a, 18a) as a plane parallel to the XY plane, and the cube (16b) has XY planes (17b, 18b). I have. Although the size of each XY plane (17a, 18a, 17b, 18b) is the same, the left and right phases are different. With reference to the XY plane (17a), the XY plane (17b) With reference to the 2 mm, XY plane (18a), the XY plane (18b) is shifted to the left by 2 mm, and the angle of the straight line in the Z-axis direction connecting each XY plane is also the same as that of the cube (16a). There is a slight difference between the cubes (16b). As a result, the cube (16a) and the cube (16b) are not completely the same image. In addition, when stereoscopic vision is materialized, it will be recognized as a cube (16c) indicated by a solid line located between the cube (16a) and the cube (16b). The XY plane (17a) and the XY plane (17b) are merged into a new XY plane (17c), and the XY plane (18a) and the XY plane (18b) are merged into a new XY plane (18c). .

  As shown in FIG. 30A, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ″) of the present invention is observed from the observer's viewpoint (15a), the printed material (1 ″) itself is on AA ′. It is recognized that the XY plane (18c) exists on BB ′ and the XY plane (17c) exists on CC ′. On the contrary, as shown in FIG. 30B, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ″) of the present invention is observed from the viewpoint (15b) of the observer, the XY plane (18c) is B− On B ′, the XY plane (17c) was recognized as existing on CC ′. Accordingly, as shown in FIG. 31 (a), the cube (16c) recognized from the observer's viewpoint (15a) feels that the XY plane (17c) of the two XY planes is in front. Therefore, the cube (16c) recognized from the observer's viewpoint (15b) is recognized as two XY as shown in FIG. 31 (b). Since the XY plane (18c) of the plane is felt to be in front, it was recognized as an image as if the cube was looked up from below. As described above, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ″) according to the present invention is observed at a specific angle, the image in the print region (3 ″) can only be observed with a sense of perspective. In addition, it was confirmed that even the observation angle could be recognized as changed.

  In the third embodiment, the first image and the second image are substantially the same images produced by processing a photograph of a three-dimensional object taken with a camera, and the images are not binary images but multi-level images. An example with a key will be described. FIG. 32 shows a printed matter (1 ″ ″) that can be stereoscopically viewed in the third embodiment. On the base material (2 ″ ″), which is a general coated paper, has a swell and brightness by UV flexographic printing using silver ink for UV flexographic printing (manufactured by UV Flexo Silver T & K TOKA). A print region (3 ′ ″) is formed by a group of image lines composed of a plurality of image lines having characteristics. The height of the image line having the bulge in Example 3 is 3 μm. The print area (3 ′ ″) is a square having a width of 50 mm and a height of 60 mm.

  There are nine types of image elements in the third embodiment. The nine types of image elements are the first image element (19), the second image element (20), and the third image shown in FIG. Element (21), fourth image element (22), fifth image element (23), sixth image element (24), seventh image element (25), eighth image element (26), Ninth image element (27). The first image element (19) is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.04 mm, and an image line angle of 90 degrees in parallel, and the second image element (20) is The third image element (21) has a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.06 mm, and an image line angle of 90 degrees. The fourth image element (22) has a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.04 mm, and an image line angle of 45 degrees. The fifth image element (23) is arranged in parallel with a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.06 mm, and an image line angle of 45 degrees. The sixth image element (24) has a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.08 mm, and an image line angle of 45 degrees. The seventh image element (25) is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.04 mm, and an image line angle of 0 degrees in parallel. The eighth image element (26) is configured by arranging a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.06 mm, and an image line angle of 0 degrees in parallel, and the ninth image element (27 ) Is configured by arranging in parallel a plurality of image lines having a pitch of 0.12 mm, an image line width of 0.08 mm, and an image line angle of 0 degree. Note that all the image elements (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27) in FIG. 33 are illustrated as having a rectangular frame. For the frame, the outer frame of the print area (3 "") is shown in order to show the positional relationship of each image element in the print area (3 "") and actually exists in each image element. Not what you want.

  In nine types of image elements forming the print area (3 ′ ″), the image line width is 0.04 mm, the image line width is 0.06 mm, and the image line width is 0.08 mm. Assuming that light, medium, and dark shades are added in order, the first image element (19), the fourth image element (22), and the seventh image element (25) become light and a background portion is formed. The second image element (20), the fifth image element (23), and the eighth image element (26) become dark and have the first gradation, and the third image element (21) and the sixth image element. The element (24) and the ninth image element (27) are further darkened to become the second gradation, and in one pattern, the third embodiment, an image portion composed of a strawberry image (28a) is formed, and the background The part and the image part form the first image (8 ′ ″) shown in FIG.

  Nine types of image elements that form the print area (3 ′ ″) are an image line with an image line angle of 90 degrees, an image line with an image line angle of 45 degrees, and an image line with an image line angle of 0 degrees in order Assuming that light, medium, and dark shades are added, the first image element (19), the second image element (20), and the third image element (21) are lightened to form a background portion. The image element (22), the fifth image element (23) and the sixth image element (24) are darkened to become the first gradation, and the seventh image element (25) and the eighth image element (26) and the ninth image element (27) are further darkened to become the second gradation, and in this embodiment, an image portion composed of a strawberry image (28b) is formed in one pattern, the background portion. And the image portion form a second image (9 ′ ″) shown in FIG.

  As described above, the image portion and the background portion of the first image (8 ′ ″) and the image portion and the background portion of the second image (9 ′ ″) are nine types of image elements (19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27), the seventh image element (25) is composed of the first image (8 ″ ″) and the second image (9 ′). ″) And the fifth image element (23) is the shared image portion of the first image (8 ″ ″) and the second image (9 ″ ″). The third image element (21) is a second image which is a shared image portion in the first image (8 "') and the second image (9"'). It becomes the part of gradation.

  As shown in FIG. 35, the image (28a) of the first image (8 ′ ″) and the image (28b) of the second image (9 ′ ″) are true three-dimensional objects. It is the image which processed the photograph image | photographed with the left camera (30a) and the right camera (30b) about a certain bronze image (29). Both cameras (30a, 30b) are equally spaced so that the eyelid copper image (29) is completely within the frame of the camera, and the camera (30a) and the camera (30b) are separated from each other by 65 mm, which is the distance between both eyes. I took a picture. For image processing, general image processing software was used, and both the first image (8 ′ ″) and the second image (9 ′ ″) were processed in three gradations including the background. FIG. 36 shows the image (28a) of the eyelid in the first image (8 ′ ″) in the print area (3 ″ ″) and the image (28b) of the eyelid in the second image (9 ″ ″). ) And the positional relationship. In the present embodiment, these two eyelid images (28a, 28b) are substantially identical images. The two wrinkle images (28a, 28b) are arranged so that the centers of the respective images coincide with each other.

  As shown in FIG. 37, when the stereoscopically printed material (1 ″ ″) according to the present invention is observed from the viewpoint (15b) of the observer shown in the embodiment, two wrinkle images (28a, 28b) ) Is recognized, and the print (1 ″ ″) itself exists on A-A ′, but the belly portion of the kite is A. It was possible to recognize as if the tail part of the heel was present on the back side of A-A 'before -A'.

1, 1 ′, 1 ″, 1 ″ ″ Stereoscopic print 2, 2 ′, 2 ″, 2 ″ ″ Base material 3, 3 ′, 3 ″, 3 ″ ″ Print area 4, 4 ′, 4 ″ First image element 5, 5 ′, 5 ″ Second image element 6, 6 ′, 6 ″ Third image element 7, 7 ′, 7 ″ Fourth image element 8, 8 ′, 8 ″, 8 ″ ″ First image 9, 9 ′, 9 ″, 9 ″ ″ Second image 10a, 10b, 10c Pattern 10a ′, 10b ′, 10c ′ Star 11a , 11b, 11c Design 11a ', 11b', 11c 'Star 12a, 12b, 12c, Design 12a', 12b ', 12c' Star 13 Light source 14 View point 15a, 15b View point 16a, 16b, 16c Cube 17a, 17b , 17c Surfaces parallel to the XY plane of the cube 18a, 18b, 18c Surfaces parallel to the XY plane of the cube 19 First image element 20 Second image element 2 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3rd image element 22 4th image element 23 5th image element 24 6th image element 25 7th image element 26 8th image element 27 9th image element 28a, 28b, 28c 29 Bronze statue 30a, 30b Camera 31a Swelling thin image line 31b Swelling thick image line 32a Swelling vertical image line 32b Swelling horizontal image line 33, 34, 35 Based on the fourth image element Lines representing the color difference of each image element L1 *, a1 *, b1 * L *, a *, b * of the image line group 31a
L2 *, a2 *, b2 * L *, a *, b * of the stroke group 31b
L1 * ′, a1 * ′, b1 * ′ L *, a *, b * of the stroke group 32a
L2 * ′, a2 * ′, b2 * ′ L *, a *, b * of the stroke group 32b

Claims (11)

In a printed matter that has a print area in at least a part on a substrate and includes two images in the print area,
The image comprises a plurality of image elements adjacent to each other,
Each of the plurality of image elements is composed of different image line groups, and the image line groups are formed in a shape that is raised by ink containing a glittering material of a color different from that of the base material, and has a specific area ratio. It is composed of a plurality of strokes arranged at a specific angle,
The plurality of image elements include a first image element composed of a first image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a first angle are arranged at a first area ratio, and an image line having a first angle. A second image element comprising a plurality of second image line groups arranged in a second area ratio different from the first area ratio, and an image line having a second angle different from the first angle. A fourth image in which a plurality of third image elements composed of a third group of image lines arranged at the second area ratio and a plurality of image lines having the second angle are arranged at the first area ratio. A fourth image element comprising a group of lines,
The at least two images are composed of at least a first image and a second image, the first image is composed of an image portion and a background portion, and the second image is composed of an image portion and a background portion,
The image portion of the first image is composed of the second image element and the third image element, and the background portion of the first image is composed of the first image element and the fourth image element. And the image portion of the second image is composed of the third image element and the fourth image element, and the background portion of the second image is composed of the first image element and the second image. Consists of elements,
The first image element serves as a background part for sharing the first image and the second image, and the third image element is an image shared by the first image and the second image. Part
The image part in the first image and the image part in the second image have at least one pair of identical designs,
The pair of symbols provided in the first image and in the second image are formed by shifting the center of each image portion by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction,
When one eye of the observer is placed in an observation angle region where specular reflection light is dominant and the other eye is placed in an observation angle region where diffuse reflection light is dominant, the first image and the second image are observed. A stereoscopically-printed printed matter characterized in that the image is displayed in an insulated manner and a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by binocular parallax. The center of the design in the second image that forms a pair with the design in the first image is shifted from the center of the design in the first image that forms a pair with the design in the second image. The stereoscopically printed matter according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined distance to be formed is 1 mm or more and 65 mm or less. In a printed matter that has a print area in at least a part on a substrate and includes two images in the print area,
The image comprises a plurality of image elements adjacent to each other,
Each of the plurality of image elements is composed of different image line groups, and the image line groups are formed in a swelled shape with ink containing a glittering material, and an image line having a specific area ratio is set at a specific angle. Consisting of multiple arrays,
The plurality of image elements include a first image element composed of a first image line group in which a plurality of image lines having a first angle are arranged at a first area ratio, and an image line having a first angle. A second image element comprising a plurality of second image line groups arranged in a second area ratio different from the first area ratio, and an image line having a second angle different from the first angle. A fourth image in which a plurality of third image elements composed of a third group of image lines arranged at the second area ratio and a plurality of image lines having the second angle are arranged at the first area ratio. A fourth image element comprising a group of lines,
The at least two images are composed of at least a first image and a second image, the first image is composed of an image portion and a background portion, and the second image is composed of an image portion and a background portion,
The image portion of the first image is composed of the second image element and the third image element, and the background portion of the first image is composed of the first image element and the fourth image element. And the image portion of the second image is composed of the third image element and the fourth image element, and the background portion of the second image is composed of the first image element and the second image. Consists of elements,
The first image element serves as a background part for sharing the first image and the second image, and the third image element is an image shared by the first image and the second image. Part
The image portion in the first image and the image portion in the second image have substantially the same pattern forming at least one pair, and the one provided in the first image and in the second image Two pairs of symbols are formed by aligning the centers of each symbol or by shifting the center of each symbol by a predetermined distance in the left-right direction,
When one eye of the observer is placed in an observation angle region where specular reflection light is dominant and the other eye is placed in an observation angle region where diffuse reflection light is dominant, the first image and the second image are observed. A stereoscopically-printed printed matter characterized in that the image is displayed in an insulated manner and a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized by binocular parallax. The center of the symbol in the second image that makes a pair with the symbol in the first image is matched with the center of the symbol in the first image that makes a pair with the symbol in the second image. The stereoscopically printed matter according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined distance when forming or shifting is formed is 1 mm or more and 65 mm or less. In the plurality of image elements, wherein if the number of gradations by n of the first image and the second image, the number of the image elements, claims, characterized in that it is formed by n ² kinds The printed matter according to any one of 1 to 4, which is stereoscopically viewable. 6. The stereoscopically printed material according to claim 1, wherein the specific area ratio is 30% or more excluding 100%. The difference between the first area ratio and the second area ratio is formed by either the line width of the image line constituting the image line group, the line width of the image line, the image line density, or both. The stereoscopically printed matter according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the printed matter is stereoscopically visible. The difference between the area ratio in the image portion of the first image and the area ratio in the background portion of the first image is 5% or more and 30% or less. The stereoscopically printed material described in 1. The stereoscopically printed material according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein a difference between the first angle and the second angle is 15 degrees or more and 90 degrees or less. The stereoscopically printed material according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a pitch of the image lines constituting the image line group is 10 µm or more and 1 mm or less. 11. The stereoscopically printed material according to claim 1, wherein the height of the rising of the image line by the ink containing the glittering material is 2 μm or more and 10 μm or less.

Images