JP2018134840A - Stereoscopic display formed body and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a formed body capable of controlling hues when an image which can be visually recognized three-dimensionally and kinetically with naked eyes change kinetically in accordance with changes in observing angles.SOLUTION: The present invention is a stereoscopic display formed body which includes: at least in a part of a base material, a first image configured with a plurality of circular-arc streak lines, each of which has a concave or convex cross-sectional shape, exhibits at least either a light-dark flip-flop property or color flip-flop property, and has a start point, a vertex point, and an end point with the vertex point being arranged in a first direction with respect to the start point and the end point. The circular-arc streak line is configured with a plurality of fine streak lines all having a same angle with respect to a tangent of the circular-arc streak line. The ratio of the distance between the start point and the end point is the same on all the circular-arc streak lines in terms of the image structure. Thereby, a stereoscopic image in a shape same as or different from that of the first image is formed.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

  In the present invention, when light is incident, a stereoscopic image using binocular parallax appears, and in addition, the color can be controlled when the stereoscopic image dynamically changes according to a change in the incident angle of light. The present invention relates to a body and a manufacturing method thereof.

  A three-dimensional image in which characters and figures appear three-dimensionally is superior in design as compared with a normal flat printed matter. Some of these stereoscopic images use stereoscopic vision.

  Stereoscopic vision is to generate a stereoscopic image in the observer's brain using binocular parallax that occurs when the left and right eyes of a human are separated. As a known representative stereoscopic image, there is an image using a stereogram. A stereogram is an image in which images with different shooting angles are arranged side by side so that an observer can recognize two-dimensional images by fusing two images in the brain with the naked eye. However, a stereoscopic image based on the principle of stereogram must be formed by arranging two identical patterns side by side, and is visually recognized stereoscopically, but visually as if the stereoscopic image is moving continuously. It was very difficult to achieve a possible configuration.

  Therefore, the present applicant has already applied for a stereoscopic display forming body in which images that can be viewed stereoscopically using binocular parallax appear to move continuously (see Patent Document 1). This three-dimensional display forming body forms an image in which concave or convex image lines having a brilliant shape are arranged in a single line on a base material, thereby continuously observing angles under a light source at a fixed position. The position where the incident light from the light source is reflected gradually moves on the arcuate glittering image line, and the phase of the image visually recognized by the left and right eyes is different. An image that is visually recognized in a plane is stereoscopically viewed by binocular parallax and is dynamically recognized as the observation angle changes.

Japanese Patent No. 5799431

  The three-dimensional display forming body described in Patent Document 1 makes it possible to produce a three-dimensionally and dynamically forming body that can be visually recognized with the naked eye without forming a plurality of identical images. However, since the technique described in Patent Document 1 uses light reflection of a concave or convex arcuate image line, the material constituting the arcuate image line is achromatic when it is a metal or resin. In addition, the multilayer interference film can be expressed only in a specific color.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a formed body capable of controlling the color when an image that can be visually perceived by the naked eye dynamically changes according to a change in observation angle.

  The present invention has at least a part of a concave or convex cross-sectional shape and at least one of a light-dark flip-flop property and a color flip-flop property on at least a part of a substrate, and a start point, a vertex, and an end point are defined. A first image is formed by arranging a plurality of arc-shaped image lines having vertices arranged in the first direction with respect to the start point and the end point, and the arc-shaped image line is defined with respect to the tangent line of the arc-shaped image line. A three-dimensional image having the same or different shape as the first image, with a plurality of fine image lines all having the same angle and the ratio of the distance between the start point and the end point being the same image composition point on all arc-shaped image lines By continuously changing the base material from a predetermined angle to a different angle with respect to the light source, a stereoscopic image can be visually recognized with a three-dimensional and dynamic iris color. It is a featured stereoscopic display formation.

  Further, according to the present invention, by continuously changing the base material from a predetermined angle to a different angle with respect to the light source, a three-dimensional image is visually recognized with a three-dimensional and dynamic iris color. A method for producing a stereoscopic display formed body characterized in that a step of designing an original image of a stereoscopic image, and a base for setting a start point angle and an end point angle of a base arc-shaped image line having a start point, a vertex, and an end point The arc-shaped image line design process and multiple fine lines that all have the same angle with respect to the center line of the base arc-shaped image line are arranged, and the base arc-shaped image line is converted into a plurality of fine image lines to create an arc shape A fine line adding step for creating a line, an image line position setting step for setting an image composing point for forming a stereoscopic image as a start point, a vertex, and an end point; and a plurality of arc-shaped images Creating a first image by superimposing image composing points on the original image in a line; A manufacturing method of a stereoscopic display formed body characterized by having a step of forming an image on at least a part of the substrate.

  Since the formed body according to the present invention having the above-described configuration is formed by the arc-shaped image line, the appearing image is visually recognized three-dimensionally and dynamically due to a change in the observation angle. Since one arc-shaped image line is formed by a plurality of fine image lines, it becomes possible to visually recognize with an iris color according to the angle change, and it is possible to provide an image with more design. .

  In addition, since the arcuate image line itself is formed by a plurality of fine image lines, it is very difficult to form the same arcuate image line, and the forgery prevention effect is improved.

The top view which shows the three-dimensional display formation body in this invention. The top view and side view which show a 1st image and an original image. The block diagram which shows the system for producing a three-dimensional display formation body. The flowchart which shows the preparation procedures of a three-dimensional display formation body. The schematic diagram which shows the preparation procedures of a three-dimensional display formation body. The top view which shows an arc-shaped image line and the locus | trajectory of a motion. The figure explaining the fine line which comprises an arc-shaped line. The figure explaining another aspect of the fine image line which comprises an arc-shaped image line. The schematic diagram which shows the detail of an image line position setting process. The top view which shows the other form which has arrange | positioned the arrangement | positioning reference line in the 1st direction. The schematic diagram which shows the setting method of the arrangement position of the arc-shaped image line using the circle. The schematic diagram which shows the detail of a 1st image preparation process. The top view and sectional drawing of the fine image line which comprise an arc-shaped image line. The top view and sectional drawing of the fine image line of another aspect which comprise an arc-shaped image line. The figure explaining the procedure when making a fine image line into a Fresnel lens shape. The top view and sectional drawing of an arc-shaped image line at the time of forming a fine image line by the Fresnel lens shape. The top view and sectional drawing of the arc-shaped image line of another aspect which formed the fine image line in the shape of the Fresnel lens. The figure which shows the viewpoint (E1, E2) which observes a three-dimensional display formation body. The figure explaining the image composition point which comprises a stereo image. The figure which shows another (No. 2, 3) three-dimensional display formation body which can form the fine image line of this invention. The figure which shows another (No. 4) three-dimensional display formation body which can form the fine image line of this invention. The figure which shows another (No. 5, 6) three-dimensional display formation body which can form the fine image line of this invention.

(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a three-dimensional display formed body (1) (hereinafter referred to as “formed body”) in the present invention, and is a gift certificate as an example.

  In the formed body (1), information on the formed body (1) such as a store name and a ticket type on the base material (2) includes basic four-color inks of cyan, magenta, yellow and black, which are process inks, basic It is applied by printing a special color ink having a special color except for four color inks. In the formed body (1), the first image (3) is arranged on a part of the base material (2).

  The substrate (2) can be made of paper, plastic card, metal or the like as long as the first image (3) can be formed, and the material thereof is not limited. Moreover, as long as the 1st image (3) fits on a base material (2), there is no restriction | limiting in size.

  When the first image (3) is observed from the front under a visible light source, the first image (3) is visually recognized as a pattern composed of a plurality of thin lines. It becomes possible to visually recognize three-dimensionally and dynamically with coloring. Hereinafter, the first image (3) will be described in detail.

  FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the first image (3) and the original image (5G), and FIG. 2 (a) is a plan view showing the first image (3). The first image (3) is formed by regularly arranging a plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) formed of a glittering material. In FIG. 2A, all are formed by the same arcuate image line (4). In the present invention, the same means that the shape and size are the same. However, the arcuate image lines (4) of the present invention are not all limited to the same, and may have different shapes and sizes. Forms having different shapes and sizes will be described later, but will be described here using the same arcuate image line (4) shown in FIG.

  The cross section of the arcuate image line (4) is a concave or convex cross section in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the substrate (2) as shown in FIG. The arc shape in FIG. 2 is not the cross-sectional shape of the arcuate image line (4) but an arc shape as shown in FIG. 2 (a), and the substrate (2) as shown in FIG. 2 (b). ) The vertex (T) of the arcuate arcuate image line (4) is arranged in the first direction (X1) which is the horizontal direction (two-dimensional direction) with respect to the surface. By forming the line shape as an arc in the first direction (X1) that is the horizontal direction, a stereoscopic image that is visually recognized by an angle change can be viewed with binocular parallax.

  The cross-sectional shape of the arcuate image line (4) may be a convex shape as shown in FIG. 2 (b) or a concave shape (not shown), but it has a saddle shape as shown in FIG. 2 (c). Preferably there is. By adopting the saddle shape, the reflected light with respect to the incident light is more focused on the observer, so that the visually recognized image has a smooth dynamic effect.

  The original image (5G) shown in FIG. 2D is a pattern having a shape different from that of the first image (3) that can be visually recognized as a stereoscopic image by changing the observation angle. Although details of the manufacturing method will be described later, the same position of all the arc-shaped image lines (4) shown in FIG. 2A (refers to the image composing point (V1) of the present invention, details will be described later). Thus, the formation (1) in which the three-dimensional image (5) appears as a three-dimensional image by reflection of light by forming the original image (5G).

  Next, the first image (3) will be described with reference to FIGS.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a system (M) for producing the formed body (1). The system (M) includes at least an input unit (101), a processing unit (102), and an output unit (103).

  The input unit (101) is a means for inputting data necessary for producing the formed body (1) and supplying the data to the processing unit (102). The processing unit (102) is means for performing arithmetic processing and image processing necessary for producing the formed body (1) and giving the obtained result to the output unit (103). The output unit (103) is a means for outputting the data given from the processing unit (102) to an external processing apparatus (not shown), for example. Note that the processing unit (102) may further include a storage unit (104) for recording given data and produced data.

  As for a method for producing the formed body (1) using such a system (M), a flowchart showing a production procedure of the formed body (1) shown in FIG. 4 and a production procedure of the formed body (1) shown in FIG. It demonstrates using the schematic diagram which shows. As shown in FIG. 4, the forming method (1) of the present invention includes an original image design step (STEP 1), a base arc-shaped image line design step (STEP 2), and a fine image line applying step (STEP 3). The image line position setting step (STEP 4), the first image producing step (STEP 5), and the first image forming step (STEP 6).

  Next, each step will be described in detail. First, as an original image design process (STEP 1), as shown in FIG. 5A, a stereoscopic image (appears as a stereoscopic image that appears under certain observation conditions in the processing unit (102) ( 5) Create or input an original image (5G) as a basis of 5). The original image (5G) is not particularly limited as long as it has a shape different from that of the first image (3), and can be an arbitrary image.

  Further, the original image (5G) may be directly created by the processing unit (102), and the processing unit may arbitrarily select from a plurality of original images (5G) stored in the storage unit (104) in advance. (102) may be determined. Furthermore, an original image (5G) created by another system different from the present system (M) or image processing software may be input from the input unit (101). In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5A, a circular image is described as an example of the original image (5G).

  At the same time that the original image (5G) is created or determined, data corresponding to the original image (5G) is input from the input unit (101). The data here refers to data necessary for producing the arcuate image line (4) constituting the first image (3), such as the pitch of the arcuate image line constituting the stereoscopic image (5) described later. That is.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5 (b), the arcuate image line (4) is visually recognized by the naked eye in the processing unit (102) as a base arcuate image line design step (STEP2). By setting the trajectory of movement (4D) when continuously changing to different angles with respect to the light source within the observation angle, the base arc shape that is the basis of the arcuate image line (4) Design the stroke (4G).

  FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the base arc-shaped image line (4G) and the movement locus (4D), and FIG. 6 (a) constitutes the first image (3) shown in FIG. 2 (a). It is a top view which shows base arcuate image line (4G) of arcuate image line (4), and base arcuate image line (4G) has a start point (U), a vertex (T), and an end point (D).

  Although details of the visual recognition principle will be described later, by forming the arc-shaped image line (4) in an arc shape with a material having glitter, the reflected light with respect to the incident light is reflected on all the arc-shaped image lines (4). The same position where the same position is lit and visually recognized, and further the same position where the sight is gradually shined and changed from the start point (U) to the end point (D) due to a change in the observation angle is changed, so that the stereoscopic image (5) shown in FIG. Is dynamically viewed.

  That is, the trajectory (4D) that is the movement of the stereoscopic image (5) is the same as the arc shape of the base arc-shaped image line (4G). Therefore, in the base arc-shaped image line design step (STEP 2), the base arc-shaped image line (the trajectory which is the moving direction (trajectory) of the stereoscopic image (5) and is the base of the arc-shaped image line (4)). 4G) is set.

  As shown in FIG. 6B, the motion trajectory (4D) that is the trajectory of the stereoscopic image (5) has a start point (U), a vertex (T), and an end point (D). The trajectory of movement (4D) is a base arcuate image line having an arc shape with respect to the reference line (H1) at the start point (U) when the straight line connecting the start point (U) and the end point (D) is the reference line (H1). The angle (θ1) (hereinafter referred to as “starting point angle”) formed by the rising line (H2) that is the tangent line of (4G) is appropriately set within a range of 2 to 90 °. The tangent will be described later.

  A base arc-shaped image line (4G) created based on the movement trajectory (4D), and a starting point (U) and an end point (4) of the arc-shaped image line (4) created based on the base arc-shaped image line (4G) ( In D), the incident light is reflected in different directions, so that the stereoscopic image (5) can be visually recognized by binocular parallax. When the starting point angle (θ1) is less than 2 °, the incident light is reflected in substantially the same direction and binocular parallax becomes impossible, which is not preferable. On the other hand, when the starting point angle (θ1) exceeds 90 °, the incident light is reflected in different directions, but it is not preferable because it falls outside the binocular parallax range.

  In addition, the angle (θ2) (hereinafter referred to as “end point angle”) formed by the falling line (H3) that is the tangent of the movement locus (4D) with respect to the reference line (H1) at the end point (D) is also the above-described start point. For the same reason as (U), it can be set appropriately within the range of 2 to 90 °.

  Next, as a fine line drawing step (STEP 3) which is the greatest feature point of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5 (c), in the processing section (102), a basic arcuate line drawing step (STEP 2). An arcuate image line (4) is produced by applying a fine image line (6) based on the produced base arcuate image line (4G).

  In the base arc-shaped image line design step (STEP 2), the base arc-shaped image line (4G) that is the base of the arc-shaped image line (4) is used by using the start point (U), the vertex (T), and the end point (D). Although set, the length of the base arc-shaped image line (4G) is not set. The length of the base arcuate image line (4G), the so-called arcuate image line (4) is the length of the reference line (H1) connecting the start point (U) and the end point (D).

  If the relationship between the start point (U), the vertex (T), and the end point (D) is established, the length of the reference line (H1) can be stereoscopically viewed with binocular parallax with the naked eye. The distance between both eyes is preferably 65 mm or less.

  When the formed body (1) is used for a security product or the like, the smaller one is less likely to be tampered with and the anti-counterfeiting effect is improved. Therefore, it is preferable that the length of the reference line (H1) is shorter. When used for an advertisement, etc., since the formed body (1) is large, the reference line (H1) becomes long. Therefore, the length of the reference line (H1) is appropriately set depending on the distance between the formed body (1) and the observer.

  FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the arcuate image line (4), and among them, a region surrounded by a square line is further shown as an enlarged view. As described above, the fine image line (6) is arranged on the base arc-shaped image line (4G) that is the basis of the arc-shaped image line (4) produced in the base arc-shaped image line design step (STEP 2), and the circle is formed. The arcuate line (4) is completed.

  The fine image line (6) is always arranged with the same angle (α) with respect to the center line (7) in the longitudinal direction of the base arc-shaped image line (4G). In the present invention, the longitudinal direction is the direction from the start point (U) to the end point (D) through the arc-shaped image line (4) in one arc-shaped image line (4). In FIG. 7, the arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6) with respect to the center line (7) is arranged vertically (S1 = 90 °). In FIG. 8, the arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6) is arranged in parallel (S2 = 0 °) with respect to the center line (7).

  The arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6) is arranged with the same angle with respect to the center line (7) in the longitudinal direction of the base arc-shaped image line (4G) as described above with respect to the production. However, since the center line (7) does not actually exist in the arc-shaped image line (4) in the actually produced formed body (1), the arc-shaped image line (6) 4) are arranged with the same angle (α) with respect to the tangent at each position of 4).

As shown in FIG. 7, for example, when one fine image line (6 ^(i-9) ) constituting the arc-shaped image line (4) is viewed, the fine image line (6 ^{(i -9) The} arcuate image line (4) formed by) is in contact with the tangent line (BB ') of the arcuate image line (4) at one point (I). This tangent (BB ′) is a line that is perpendicular to the normal direction from the arcuate image line (4) (J in the arrow direction in FIG. 7). Therefore, at all points of the arcuate image line (4), the tangent line (BB ′) is perpendicular to the normal direction (J). That is, all the fine image lines (6) are arranged with the same angle with respect to the tangent line (BB ′). Hereinafter, when the arrangement direction (S1) of the fine image line (6) is shown in the production process, the object is the center line (7), and the arrangement direction of the fine image line (6) in the produced formed body (1). In the case of indicating (S1), the explanation is made with respect to the tangent line (BB ′).

The arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6) will be described in detail. As shown in FIG. 7, a plurality of fine image lines (6) are arranged on the start point (U) side. ⁽¹⁾ ) and the fine image line (6 ⁽²⁾ ) arranged next to the image line are arranged with a slight angle difference. Specifically, for example, the fine image line (6 ⁽¹⁾ ) and the fine image line (6 ⁽²⁾ ) have an arrangement angle difference of 2 ° with respect to the reference line (H1). However, as shown in a partially enlarged view of the figure, the arrangement angle (α ⁽¹⁾ ) of the fine image line (6 ⁽¹⁾ ) and the arrangement angle of the fine image line (6 ⁽²⁾ ) ( α ⁽²⁾ ) are all arranged in the vertical direction (S1 = 90 °).

As described above, in the plurality of fine image lines (6) arranged on the base arc-shaped image line (4G), all the image lines have the same arrangement angle (α) with respect to the center line (7). ing. Accordingly, similarly, the arrangement angle (α ⁽ⁱ⁻¹⁾ ) of the fine image line (6 ⁽ⁱ⁻¹⁾ ), the fine image line (6 ⁽ⁱ⁾ ), the fine image line (6 ^{(i + 1)} ), (Α ⁽ⁱ⁾ ) and (α ^{(i + 1)} ) are both perpendicular (90 °) to the center line (7), and the fine line (6 ^(n-2) ) and fine line ^{(6 (n-1))} , the arrangement angle of the fine image lines ^{(6 (n)) (α} (n-2)), (α (n-1)), (α (n)) are all centered It is perpendicular (90 °) to the line (7).

  Here, the line width (W1) of the arcuate line (4) is formed in the range of 5 to 1,000 μm. This is not preferable because when the image line width is less than 5 μm, the appearance of the appearing image is inferior, and when the image line width exceeds 1,000 μm, it is difficult to stereoscopically appear the image.

  In addition, a clearer image appears as the distance between the arcuate image line (4) and the adjacent arcuate image line (4) is smaller. On the other hand, if it is too large, the brightness of the appearing image is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately set the interval between the arcuate image line (4) and the adjacent arcuate image line (4) within a range in which the image is not distorted.

  In order to make the appearing image clearer, it is particularly preferable to form the line width of the arcuate image line (4) and the interval between the arcuate image lines (4) equal to each other.

  The line width (W2) of the fine line (6) constituting the arc-shaped line (4) is 1 to 100 μm, and the height of the line, the so-called vertical direction of the substrate (2). The height or depth of the fine image line (6) with respect to (Z1) can be appropriately set within the range of 1 to 100 μm. When the height or depth of the fine image line (6) with respect to the substrate (2) exceeds 100 μm, it is not preferable for the substrate (2).

FIG. 8 shows an arrangement of all fine image lines (6 ⁽¹⁾ ) (6 ⁽²⁾ ) (6 ⁽⁶⁾ ) with respect to the center line (7) as shown in a partially enlarged view. The angle (α) is arranged horizontally (0 °). Further, the arrangement angle (α) can be set not only in vertical (90 °) and horizontal (0 °) with respect to the center line (7), but also in an arbitrary angle. However, they must be arranged in the same direction with respect to the center line (7) of all the fine image lines (6). In FIG. 8, the fine image line (6) is composed of 6 lines, but the number of lines is particularly limited as long as it is within the line width (W1) of the arc-shaped image line (4). What is necessary is just to set suitably by the line width (W2) and pitch (P2) of a fine image line (6).

  The fine image line (6) is arranged perpendicular to the center line (7) (S1) as shown in FIG. 7, and parallel to the center line (7) (S2) as shown in FIG. As described above, the line width (W2) of the fine line (6) may be arranged in a circle as described above when arranged in parallel (S2). Since the number of lines must be within the line width (W1) of the arcuate line (4), the line width (W2) is more restricted than when the lines are arranged vertically (S1). However, even when arranged vertically (S1), it does not mean that the line width (W2) may be extremely thick, and can be visually recognized in three dimensions and dynamically, which is an effect of the present invention. In order for a simple image to exhibit an iris color, the image line width (W2) is 0.5 to 10 μm. When the image line width is smaller than this, processing is difficult, and when the image line width is larger than this, the observation angle at which the iris color can be visually recognized becomes very narrow.

  Also in FIG. 8, in the produced formed body (1), as described in FIG. 7, the plurality of fine lines (6) are tangents (BB ′) of the arc-shaped line (4). ) Are all arranged in parallel (S2) in the same direction.

  As for the pitch (P2) of the fine image line (6), as in the case of the image line width (W2), the arrangement in parallel (S2) with respect to the center line (7) affects the number of arrangements. Therefore, although some restrictions arise, in order to show the effect of the present invention, it forms in the range of 0.5-10 micrometers. If the image line width (W2) is smaller than this, processing is difficult, and if the image line width is larger than this, the observation angle at which the iris color can be visually recognized becomes very narrow.

  In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the image line width (W2) and the pitch (P2) are all the same, but the most important of the fine image line (6) is the center line (7). Therefore, the image line width (W2) and the pitch (P2) are not necessarily the same and may be different. However, in order to produce a dynamic effect and an iris color, it is preferable that they are the same.

  Production of the fine image line (6) includes a method of exposing a fine pattern to a photosensitive resin, a processing method such as electron beam drawing, laser drawing, and cutting with a minimal bit. A processing method may be appropriately selected in consideration of the desired line width (W) and pitch (P) of the fine image line (6) and the cross-sectional shape of the image line.

  Next, as the image line position setting step (STEP 4), as shown in FIG. 5D, the processing unit (102) extracts the contour part (5E) which is the contour of the original image (5G), and then extracts the contour. The arrangement position of the arcuate image line (4) produced in the part is set.

  FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing details of the image line position setting step (STEP 4). First, as illustrated in FIG. 9A, the processing unit (102) extracts a contour portion (5E) that is a contour of the original image (5G).

  Next, the arrangement position of the first image line (4) prepared in advance in the fine image line applying step (STEP 3) is set in the extracted contour portion (5E). There are two methods for setting the arrangement position: a method using a straight line and a method using a circle. First, a setting method using a straight line will be described.

  First, as shown in FIG. 9B, the processing unit (102) sets two arbitrary points on the contour part (5E) as reference points (O1, O2). The two reference points (O1, O2) are set at different positions.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9C, an arrangement reference line (L) indicating a reference position on the contour portion (5E) when the image line is arranged is set. The arrangement reference line (L) is a straight line passing through the two reference points (O1, O2). Next, a plurality of arrangement reference lines (L) are arranged in the first direction (X1) at the first pitch (P1). The position where the contour (5E) and the plurality of arrangement reference lines (L) intersect is the arrangement position of the start point (U) of the arcuate image line (4), and the arrangement reference line (L) is the arcuate image. This is the arrangement position of the reference line (H1) of the line (4).

  The first pitch (P1) for arranging the arrangement reference line (L) is 5 to 1, considering the formation method of the arcuate image line (4), the base material (2) to be used, and the image line width (W1). It can be appropriately set within a range of 000 μm.

  When the first pitch (P1) is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to form the arcuate image line (4) on the substrate (2), which is not preferable. On the contrary, when the predetermined pitch (P1) exceeds 1,000 μm, the visibility of the stereoscopic image (5) is lowered, which is not preferable.

  In FIG. 9C, the first pitch (P1) is shown by the first pitch (P1), which is the same regular pitch (P). Alternatively, a random pitch (P) may be used.

FIG. 10 is a plan view showing another embodiment in which the arrangement reference line (L) is arranged in the first direction (X1). The arrangement reference lines (L) are arranged at random pitches indicated by P1 ⁻¹ and P1 ⁻² in the first direction (X1).

When arranged at random pitches (P1 ⁻¹ , P1 ⁻² ), each of the pitches is within a range of 5 to 1,000 μm, similar to the range of the first pitch (P1) described above. However, in consideration of the visibility of a stereoscopically viewed image, it is preferable that the arrangement reference line (L) is formed with a regular first pitch (P1). . Therefore, hereinafter, in the present embodiment, it is assumed that the arrangement reference lines (L) are all formed at the first pitch (P1) which is the same pitch.

  Next, a method for setting the arrangement position of the arcuate image line (4) using a circle will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, as shown in FIG. 11 (a), as in FIG. 9 (a) described above, the processing unit (102) extracts the contour portion (5E) that is the contour of the original image (5G).

  Next, as shown in FIG. 11B, in the processing unit (102), the arrangement reference circle (R) having a predetermined diameter is outlined on the outline (5E), and the center of the arrangement reference circle (R) is outlined. A plurality are arranged such that the distance between the centers of the adjacent arrangement reference circles (R) on the part (5E) is a constant interval. The position where the contour (5E) and the center of the plurality of arrangement reference circles (R) intersect with each other is the arrangement position of the start point (U) of the arcuate image line (4). The distance between the centers of the placement reference circles (R) is the first pitch (P1) for placing the arcuate image line (4). The first pitch (P1) is set in the same range as the arrangement reference line (L) described above.

  Note that the line width (W1) of the arcuate line (4) is appropriately set within a range of 5 to 1,000 μm in consideration of the first pitch (P1). As described above, the line width (W1) of the arcuate image line (4) is the fine image line (6) when the fine image line (6) is arranged perpendicularly (S1) to the center line (7). 6) is the same as the length in the longitudinal direction, and when the fine image line (6) is arranged parallel (S2) to the center line (7), the range of the number of fine image lines (6) that can be arranged It becomes.

  When the line width (W1) is less than 5 μm, it is difficult to form the arcuate line (4) on the substrate (2), which is not preferable. On the contrary, when the image line width (W1) exceeds 1,000 μm, the shape of the arcuate image line (3) needs to be increased corresponding to the image line width (W1). It is difficult to stereoscopically view 3) due to binocular parallax.

  Next, in the processing unit (102) as the first image production step (STEP 5), the arcuate image line produced in the fine image line application step (STEP 3) at the arrangement position set in the image line position setting step (STEP 4). A plurality of (4) are arranged to produce image data.

  FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing details of the first image production step (STEP 5). In addition, although the arcuate image line (4) in the figure is described as a single line like the base arcuate image line (4G), a plurality of fine image lines (6) are actually arranged. Because of its fine structure, it is schematically shown as a single line on the drawing. First, as shown in FIG. 12A, a reference line (H1) connecting the start point (U) and the end point (D) of the arcuate image line (4) is set.

  The first image (3) shown in FIG. 2 described above has a stereoscopic image (5) composed of at least the starting point (U) of the arcuate image line (4). Therefore, when the arcuate image line (4) is arranged on the original image (5G) that is the image that is the basis of the stereoscopic image (5), the contour part (5E) and the arcuate image line (4) The starting point (U) is arranged at the same position, and the plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) are arranged on the original image (5G) in the first direction (X1) which is the same direction.

  Since the plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) are arranged in the same direction on the original image (5G), the reference lines (H1) of the plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) are substantially parallel to each other. Set to.

  Finally, as the first image forming step (STEP 6), the characteristics of at least one of the light and dark flip-flops and the color flip-flops are obtained based on the image data produced in the first image producing step (STEP 5). An arcuate image line (4) composed of a plurality of fine image lines (6) having a concave or convex cross-sectional shape with respect to the substrate (2) is formed on a part of the substrate (2). .

  Brightness / darkness flip-flop property means that brightness changes due to a change in observation angle, and color flip-flop property means that hue changes due to a change in observation angle.

  In the first image (3) of the present invention, since the contrast between incident light and reflected light is large, an image that can be visually perceived three-dimensionally and dynamically with the naked eye can be further visually recognized with an iris color. It becomes. For this reason, the first image (3) needs to use a material having a light / dark flip-flop property and / or a color flip-flop property, which is a material that generates strong reflected light with respect to incident light.

  The material having bright and dark flip-flop properties and / or color flip-flop properties that can be used for the substrate (2) is not only a general metal material such as aluminum or stainless steel, but also a resin material such as a film or plastic. If there is paper coated with a paint capable of forming a smooth surface, the material to be formed if the arcuate image line (4) has light and dark flip-flop properties and / or color flip-flop properties There is no limitation. Further, the base material (2) itself may have light / dark flip-flop properties and / or color flip-flop properties.

  Next, a method for forming the arcuate image line (4) will be described.

  There is a method of forming the arcuate image line (4) by deforming the base material (2) made of a glittering material into a concave shape or a convex shape. As described above, the fine image line (6) can be produced by a method of exposing a photosensitive resin to a fine pattern, a processing method such as electron beam drawing, laser drawing, or cutting with a small bite. A processing method may be appropriately selected in consideration of the desired line width (W) and pitch (P) of the fine image line (6) and the cross-sectional shape of the image line.

  The method of forming the base material (2) by deforming it into a concave shape or convex shape means that the base material (2) can be deformed by embossing, laser processing or the like. It is formed by processing according to the shape of the arcuate image line (4) using a known processing machine.

  Moreover, it is also possible to emboss so that only the surface of the part deform | transformed into the concave shape or the convex shape becomes smooth. Forming the fine image line (6), which is a feature of the present invention, is a delicate forming method, and therefore embossing or laser processing is preferable.

Next, the cross-sectional shape of the arcuate image line (4) will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 13A shows a plan view of one arcuate image line (4). As described above, a plurality of fine image lines (6) are perpendicular to the center line (7) (S1). It is arranged. The arcuate image line (4) is formed with the apex (T) facing the first direction (X1) with respect to the surface of the substrate (2). FIG. 13B and FIG. 13D are cross-sectional views taken along the line KK ′ in FIG. 13A in which the square encircled portion is enlarged, so-called KK ′ of the fine line (6 ⁽ⁱ⁾ ). It is sectional drawing, and is a cross section at the time of cut | disconnecting perpendicular | vertical (S1) with respect to a centerline (7). FIG. 13C is a cross-sectional view of part of the arcuate image line FF ′, ie, so-called fine image lines (6 ⁽ⁱ⁻¹⁾ ), (6 ⁽ⁱ⁾ ) and (6 ^{(I + 1)} ) is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF ′, and is a cross section in a direction (S2) parallel to the center line (7).

As shown in FIGS. 13 (b), 13 (c), and 13 (d), the fine line (6 ⁽ⁱ⁾ ) constituting the arcuate line (4) is formed on the substrate (2). This is an image line having a concave or convex shape perpendicular to the surface (Z1). FIG. 13B shows a convex arcuate image line (4), and FIG. 13D shows a concave arcuate image line (4).

FIG. 14A shows an arrangement of another fine image line (6), showing a plan view of one arc-shaped image line (4), and as described above, a plurality of fine image lines (6). The line (6) is arranged in a direction (S2) parallel to the center line (7). FIGS. 14B and 14D are cross-sectional views taken along the line KK ′ in the enlarged area of the square encircled portion of FIG. 14A, and are cut perpendicularly to the center line (7) (S1). FIG. FIG. 14C is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF ′ corresponding to one of the fine image lines (6 ⁽³⁾ ) constituting the arc-shaped image line (4), and is relative to the center line (7). It is a cross section when cut in parallel (S2). FIG. 14B shows a convex arcuate image line (4), and FIG. 14D shows a concave arcuate image line (4).

  The fine image line (6) forming the arc-shaped image line (4) is formed into a concave shape or a convex shape in the direction (Z1) perpendicular to the base material (2) surface, and is formed on the base material (2) surface. By forming an arc-shaped image line whose apex is oriented in the horizontal first direction (X1), the reflected light with respect to the incident light is reflected not in one direction but in multiple directions in the arc-shaped image line. Thereby, the same position of the arcuate image line (4) shines and is visually recognized by the observer. Furthermore, by forming the arcuate image line (4) with the fine image line (6), the first image (3) can be visually recognized as a bright iris color.

  As described above, in order to produce a smooth dynamic effect, the arcuate image line (4) in FIGS. 13 (a) and 14 (a) with respect to the vertical direction (Z1) of the substrate (2) surface. As shown in FIG. 13 (b) or FIG. 13 (d), and FIG. 14 (b) or FIG. There is no particular limitation on the shape even in a smooth shape such as a shape, a semicircular shape, or a semi-elliptical shape, or an angular shape having a corner such as a quadrangle or a triangle.

  Here, the form which forms the collar shape which plays the role for having a smooth dynamic effect by another shape is demonstrated. Usually, a lens has a certain thickness, such as a fan-shaped or bowl-shaped surface, and incident light is refracted by the thickness to capture an image. A shape that can achieve the same effect without fail is a Fresnel lens that has been conventionally known.

  By using this Fresnel lens, the arcuate image line (4) of the present invention can be formed. As shown in FIG. 15 (a), the cross section of the above-mentioned arcuate image line (4) has a saddle shape, which is a Fresnel lens shape as shown in FIG. 15 (d). The “Fresnel lens shape” as used in the present invention is a lens in which the height (H) of a normal convex lens is divided into a predetermined height (h) to reduce the thickness and arranged in a plurality of arrays. The result is a Fresnel lens array.

  The “predetermined height (h)” may be set as appropriate depending on the height (H) and the line width (W1) of the arcuate image line (4), and is not particularly limited.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 15B, the height (H) in the thickness direction of the lens is set to a predetermined height (h) as shown in FIG. The fresnel lens as shown in FIG. 15D has a thickness similar to that of a normal lens, as described above, by reducing the thickness of the lens by extracting a plurality of regions (8) having curved surfaces. They do not have a fine saw-tooth shape. This Fresnel lens shape can also be molded by pressing a mold having a plurality of lens structures against a resin, for example.

  FIG. 16 shows a form in which the arcuate image line (4) is formed in a Fresnel lens shape. FIG. 16A shows a plan view of one arcuate image line (4 ′). As described above, a plurality of fine image lines (6 ′) are perpendicular to the center line (7 ′) ( S1). The arcuate image line (4 ′) is formed with the apex (T ′) facing in the first direction (X1) horizontal to the surface of the substrate (2). This arc-shaped image line (4) is different in shape from the arc-shaped image line (4) shown in FIG. 13, and has a Fresnel lens shape. Therefore, the fine image line (6 ′) which is a feature point of the present invention is also shown in FIG. 16 (b) which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line KK ′ shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. A sawtooth Fresnel lens shape is formed toward the center of the image line.

16C, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line FF ′ shown in the partially enlarged view of FIG. 16A, is similar to FIG. ^(I-1) ), (6 ' ⁽ⁱ⁾ ) and (6' ^{(i + 1)} ) are regularly arranged. However, the image line height is lower than the fine image line (6) shown in FIG.

  In FIG. 16, the arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6 ′) is vertical (S1 = 90 °) with respect to the center line (7 ′) of the arc-shaped image line (4 ′). Although the configuration has been described, in FIG. 17, the arrangement angle (α) of the fine image line (6) is parallel to the center line (7 ′) of the arc-shaped image line (4 ′) (S2 = 0 °). Is arranged.

  FIG. 17A shows a plan view of one arcuate image line (4 ′), and a plurality of fine image lines (6 ′) are arranged in parallel (S2) to the center line (7 ′). It consists of FIG. 17B shows a cross-sectional view of the arcuate image line (4 ′) cut along the line KK ′ perpendicular to the center line (7 ′). In FIG. 17A, KK ′ lines are provided at three locations, but the section shown in FIG. 17B is the same even if cut along any KK ′ line.

As shown in FIG. 17B, the arc-shaped image line (4 ′) forms a Fresnel lens shape by a plurality of fine image lines (6 ′ ^{(1) to} 6 ′ ⁽⁹⁾ in the figure). In the arc-shaped image line (4) by the fine image line (6) described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8, the stereoscopic image (5) can be visually recognized with an iris color. However, the Fresnel lens shown in FIG. In the shape, the brightness of the stereoscopic image (5) is improved, and in the general 3D hologram, the base is hidden by the metal vapor deposition layer and cannot be seen. However, in the present invention, the base is not formed between the arcuate image lines (4). Since it can be seen, it is possible to produce visual effects that are not found in 3D holograms.

  The “general 3D hologram” here is a hologram in which the height information of a three-dimensional object is divided into contour lines in the same manner as a Fresnel lens to reduce the thickness. Shows the same shadow as a three-dimensional object, so it shows what is visually recognized with a three-dimensional effect, and a hologram that can be expressed as a three-dimensional surface by applying metal vapor deposition on the entire surface to give a three-dimensional effect That's it.

  Next, the observation conditions for the formed body (1) will be described.

  FIG. 18 is a diagram showing viewpoints (E1, E2) for observing the base material (2) to which the formed body (1) is applied. The arcuate image line (4) is in the first direction (X1) horizontal to the surface of the substrate (2), and the fine image line (6) is the tangent line (4) of the arcuate image line (4). BB ′) are arranged in a direction perpendicular (S1) or parallel (S2), but in FIG. 18, a plurality of arcuate lines (4) are arranged and formed. This is illustrated and described as an image (3).

  In the present invention, when the base material (2), the light source (Q) at a fixed position, and the viewpoint are in the positional relationship shown in FIG. 18 (a), it is observed from the first observation angle (E1), and FIG. ) Is observed from the second observation angle (E2).

  The first observation angle (E1) is a region where the reflected light is not visually recognized by the naked eye with respect to the incident light from the light source (Q) whose arcuate image line (4) is in a fixed position. In FIG. 18A, the range of the observation angle (θ3) is the first observation angle (E1).

  The second observation angle (E2) is that the reflected light has a brilliant appearance with respect to the incident light from the light source (Q) whose arcuate image line (4) is in a fixed position, and is visually recognized as an iris color. In FIG. 18B, the range of the observation angle (θ4) is the second observation angle (E2).

  The first observation angle (E1) and the second observation angle (E2) are determined depending on the material forming the fine image line (6) and the cross-sectional shape of the fine image line (6). The positional relationship between (Q) and the starting point (U1) of the arcuate image line (4) changes. As described above, the first observation angle (E1) in the present invention means that the reflected light has a glittering property with respect to the incident light from the light source (Q) whose arcuate image line (4) is in a fixed position. The second observation angle (E2) means that the reflected light is bright with the naked eye with respect to the incident light from the light source (Q) whose arcuate image line (4) is in a fixed position. It is an area that is visually recognized.

  The principle that the first image (3) in the formed body (1) of the present invention can be viewed three-dimensionally has already been described in detail in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2014-32376 disclosed by the present applicant. Although detailed description is omitted here, the position of the arcuate image line (4) visually recognized by the left eye of the observer and the position of the arcuate image line (4) visually recognized by the right eye. ) Is visually recognized as an image line having a phase difference on the left and right with respect to a reference line (H1) which is a straight line connecting the start point (U) and the end point (D). Due to the binocular parallax, the viewer sees the arcuate image line (4) as a 3D image line. Since a plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) serving as the three-dimensional image lines are arranged, it can be visually recognized as a three-dimensional image (5).

  As described above, the stereoscopic image (5) is visually recognized only at the same position in the plurality of arcuate image lines (4), for example, the start point (U1) by generating strong reflected light. In the plurality of arcuate image lines (4), a point forming the stereoscopic image (5) is referred to as an image composing point (V1). The image composing point (V1) is a point having the same ratio of the distance from the start point (U) to the end point (D) in all the arc-shaped image lines (4) arranged in plural.

  As shown in FIG. 19, the image composing point (V1) has a distance (Y1) from the start point (U) to the image composing point (V1) and an end point (D) with respect to the length of the arcuate image line (4). ) To the image composing point (V1), the ratio of the distance (Y2) is the same in all the arcuate image lines (4). In the present invention, the length of the arcuate image line (4) is not the length of the reference line (H1) but the length of the arc.

For example, in FIG. 19, when the length of the arcuate image line (4 ⁽¹⁾ ) is 8 mm, the distance (Y1) from the start point (U) to the image composing point (V1) is 3 mm, and the end point (D) The distance (Y2) from the image forming point (V1) to 5 mm is 5 mm, and Y1: Y2 is 3: 5 with respect to the length of the arcuate image line (4 ⁽¹⁾ ).

When the length of the arcuate image line (4 ⁽²⁾ ) is 12 mm, the distance (Y1) from the start point (U) to the image composing point (V1) is 4.5 mm, and the image from the end point (D) The distance (Y2) to the constituent point (V1) is 7.5 mm, and Y1: Y2 is 3: 5 with respect to the length of the arcuate image line (4 ⁽²⁾ ). Therefore, the ratio of the distance (Y1) from all the start points (U) to the image composing point (V1) and the distance (Y2) from the end point (D) to the image composing point (V1) is an arcuate image line (4 ), Y1: Y2 is 3: 5.

  Thus, the image composing point (V1) which is one point of the arcuate image line (4) forming the stereoscopic image (5) is all the arcuate image lines composing the first image (3). In (4), the distance from the starting point (U) to the image composing point (V1) and the distance from the ending point (D) to the image composing point (V1) are in proportion to the length of the arcuate image line (4). All have the same ratio.

  Furthermore, regarding the color change which is a characteristic effect of the present invention, as described above, the arc-shaped image line (4) itself for visualizing as a stereoscopic image is further refined by the fine image line (6). The illumination light is split by diffraction, and the color that can be visually recognized changes to an iris color according to the observation angle.

  As described above, the formed body (1) of the present invention is an image having a shape different from that of the first image (3) by inclining and observing the first image (3) visually recognized as a flat colored pattern. However, the stereoscopic image (5), which is a latent image, can be visually recognized as a stereoscopic image (5), and the latent stereoscopic image can be visually recognized as the observation angle changes.

  In addition, the amount of movement when the stereoscopic image (5) is viewed stereoscopically can be controlled by changing the length and shape of the arcuate image line (4).

  In the above embodiment, it has been described that the stereoscopic image (5) is formed using the first image (3) of the chromatic pattern, but the feature point of the present invention is stereoscopic and dynamic. An arcuate image line (4) for making the image visible is further formed by arranging a plurality of fine image lines (6) to form an iris color, and the fine image line (6) has a Fresnel lens shape. Since the stereoscopic image (5) with improved brightness can be visually recognized, the present invention is applied to the stereoscopic image (5) using various arc-shaped image lines (4) that have already been disclosed by the present applicant. Can do.

  For example, like the three-dimensional display formation body (No. 2) described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-015254 shown in FIG. 20A, the first image (3) is composed of a plurality of regions, This is a technique in which the first image (3) can be viewed three-dimensionally and dynamically by arranging a plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4) in each region.

  Moreover, like the stereoscopic display formation body (No. 3) described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2013-035324 shown in FIG. 20B, the original image (5G) that is the basis of the stereoscopic image (5) is displayed. A plurality of compressed image line groups are arranged to form the first image (3), and the compressed image line is formed by arranging a plurality of arc-shaped image lines (4). This is a technique in which moire is generated and the original image (5G) can be visually recognized as a virtual image.

  Further, like the three-dimensional display forming body (No. 4) described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-08079 shown in FIG. 21, two arc-shaped image lines (4 ), The first image (3) arranged with the same start point (U) or end point (D) is formed, so that the stereoscopic image (5) becomes the reference line (H1) of the arcuate image line (4). ) Is not only dynamically visible in the direction parallel to the reference line (H1), but also dynamically visible in the direction perpendicular to the reference line (H1).

  In Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-080795 disclosing the first image (3) shown in FIG. 21, as another embodiment, a three-dimensional display formed body (No. 5) shown in FIG. In addition, a technique is disclosed in which two different stereoscopic images (5) can be formed by the start point (U) and the end point (D) of the arcuate image line (4).

  Furthermore, in order to form a stereoscopic image (5) having a sense of depth, the stereoscopic display forming body (No. 6) described in Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-080795 shown in FIG. There is also disclosed a technique capable of forming a three-dimensional image (5) with a sense of depth by arranging two similar drawing lines having different lengths and disposing a similar arcuate drawing line (4). .

  The technique (Nos. 2 to 6) that can form the stereoscopic image (5) using the arcuate image line (4) shown in FIGS. 20 to 22 further reduces the arcuate image line (4) to the fine image. If it forms with a line (6), in addition to each three-dimensional and dynamic effect, it can visually recognize with the iris color which is the characteristic effect of this invention. At this time, as a method of forming the arcuate image line (4) with the fine image line (6), the above-described method may be used in each technique.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 3D display formation body 2 Base material 3 First image 4 Arc-shaped image line 4D Trajectory of movement 4G Base arc-shaped image line 5 Stereo image 5G Original image 5E Contour part 6 Fine image line 7 Center line 8 Extracted for Fresnel lens Area P Pitch L Arrangement reference line BB 'Arc tangent line X1 Horizontal direction with respect to substrate (first direction)
Z1 Vertical direction with respect to the substrate S Fine line orientation J Normal direction with respect to the arcuate line U Start point T Vertex D End point W1 Line width of the arcuate line W2 Image line width of the fine line H1 Reference line H2 Rising line H3 Falling line E Observation angle V1 Image composing point 101 Input unit 102 Processing unit 103 Output unit 104 Storage unit

Claims (2)

At least part of the substrate has a concave or convex cross-sectional shape, and has at least one of bright and dark flip-flop properties or color flip-flop properties, and includes a start point, a vertex, and an end point, A first image is formed in which a plurality of arc-shaped image lines having vertices arranged in a first direction with respect to the start point and the end point are arranged,
The arc-shaped image line is formed by arranging a plurality of fine image lines having the same angle with respect to the tangent line of the arc-shaped image line,
A ratio of the distance between the start point and the end point is the same or different in shape from the first image by the same image composing point on all the arcuate image lines,
By continuously changing the base material from a predetermined angle to a different angle with respect to the light source, the stereoscopic image is visually recognized stereoscopically and dynamically with an iris color. 3D display forming body. A method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body according to claim 1,
Designing an original image of the stereoscopic image;
A base arc-shaped image line design step for setting a start point angle and an end point angle of the base arc-shaped image line having the start point, the vertex, and the end point;
A plurality of fine image lines that all have the same angle with respect to the center line of the base arc-shaped image line are arranged, and the arc-shaped image line is created by converting the base arc-shaped image line into the plurality of fine image lines. A fine line drawing process;
An image line position setting step for setting which position of the start point, the vertex and the end point the image composing point for forming the stereoscopic image;
In the plurality of arc-shaped image lines, a step of superimposing the image composing points on the original image to produce the first image;
A method for producing a three-dimensional display formed body comprising a step of forming the first image on at least a part of the base material.

Images