JP2014161290A - Flame-retardant mat and production method of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a flame-retardant mat with high permeability.SOLUTION: There is provided a flame-retardant mat in which a moss is planted. The flame-retardant mat comprises a sheet body in which a net and at least two kinds of fibers different in decitex are mixed and which is fixed to the net by interlacing the fibers with the net, and carbon particles and zeolite particles with which the sheet body is coated. When the total of the sheet body is 100 pts.wt., the sheet body has 30 to 70 pts.wt. of a first fiber of 5 to 20 decitex and a second fiber of 70 to 150 decitex.

Description

  The present invention relates to a mat on which moss plants are vegetated.

In recent years, as a countermeasure against heat island accompanying global warming, rooftop greening or the like in which a plant-vegetated sheet is installed on the rooftop of a building has been widely performed. When planting a normal plant, soil, fertilizer, etc. are required, and the labor required for maintenance such as watering becomes very large. Therefore, a method of greening the roof using a moss plant that is relatively easy to maintain (for example, see Patent Document 1).
JP 2009-125015 A JP 2004-194609 A JP 2005-168370 A JP 2005-160315 A JP 2005-163250 A

  Also, a moss sheet is known in which moss is sown on a felt-like mat and then settled. In this moss sheet, excessive water retention was a problem, and growth of moss was hindered. Moreover, since a moss sheet is installed in a building, it is preferable to make it flame-retardant.

  Then, this invention aims at providing a flame-retardant mat with high water permeability.

  In order to solve the above problems, a flame retardant mat according to the present invention is (1) a flame retardant mat for vegetation planting, in which a net and at least two kinds of fibers having different decitex are mixed. It is a sheet | seat body, Comprising: The sheet | seat body fixed to the said net by making the said fiber entangled, The carbon particle and the zeolite particle which were coated on the said sheet | seat body, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  (2) In the description of (1), when the entire sheet body is 100 parts by weight, the sheet body includes 30 first fibers of 5 to 20 dtex and second fibers of 70 to 150 dtex. It can comprise so that it may contain 70 weight part from a weight part.

  (3) In the configuration of (2) above, the sheet body may be a nonwoven fabric.

  (4) In the configurations of (1) to (3), the net can be fixed and a plate-like member having water retention can be provided.

  According to the present invention, a flame-retardant mat with high water permeability can be provided.

It is a perspective view of a moss sheet It is the flowchart which showed the manufacturing method of the moss sheet

  A flame-retardant mat (hereinafter referred to as a moss mat) for vegetating a moss plant according to the present embodiment is installed on the rooftop of a building after vegetation is vegetated with vegetation. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a moss mat installed in a vegetation. The moss mat 1 includes a growing net (corresponding to a net) 10 and a sheet body 20. The growing net 10 has a mesh structure, and is formed by continuously laminating stretch-reinforced polypropylene split fibers vertically and horizontally and thermally fusing them. The growth net 10 has high air permeability and moisture permeability, and can be combined with various materials such as paper, non-woven fabric, aluminum foil, film, and foam sheet. The mesh size of the growth net 10 may be 5 mm × 5 mm. Thereby, air permeability can be improved more.

  The sheet body 20 is a sheet in which two types of fibers having different decitex are mixed. By configuring the sheet body 20 using two types of fibers having different decitex, the fire resistance of the moss sheet 1 can be enhanced. That is, since the first fiber having a small decitex is torn during fire spreading, it is possible to prevent further fire spreading. That is, when the combusted material falls on the sheet body 20, the portion is combusted, but the first fiber having a smaller decitex is combusted and torn, so that it is possible to prevent further fire spread. On the other hand, the use of the second fiber having a large decitex can prevent a reduction in bulk. By using the first fiber having a small decitex, the characteristics of the moss sheet 1 as a planting base can be enhanced.

  The sheet body 20 preferably includes 30 to 70 parts by weight of first fibers of 5 to 20 dtex and second fibers of 70 to 150 dtex when the entire sheet body 20 is 100 parts by weight. Thereby, the effect can be enhanced. That is, it is possible to further enhance the effect of ensuring air permeability, preventing the spread of fire when the moss sheet 1 is ignited, and preventing the reduction of bulk. For example, polyester fibers can be used for the first and second fibers. The thickness of the first fiber may be 11 dtex. The thickness of the second fiber may be 90 dtex.

  The sheet body 20 can be composed of a nonwoven fabric. By comprising the sheet | seat body 20 with a nonwoven fabric, it can be made easy to entangle moss. In this case, the sheet body 20 may be configured by overlapping two sheets. The sheet body 20 may be fixed by interlacing the fibers constituting the sheet body 20 with the growing net 10. Here, the entanglement means that the fibers constituting the sheet body 20 are entangled with the growing net 10. The confounding method may be a needle punch method or a water jet method.

  The second fibers of 70 to 150 dtex are integrated so as to be pushed into or intersected with the opening of the growing net 10. At this time, because the elastic force of the second fiber causes the growing net 10 to become entangled, the first fibers of 5 to 20 dtex are not in close contact with each other so that the second fibers widen the interval. Tangled and three-dimensionally woven. By this three-dimensional structure, effects such as air permeability, prevention of bulk loss, and easy entanglement of plant leaves and branches can be obtained.

  The nonwoven fabric sheet constituting the sheet body 20 preferably has a thickness of 4 mm or more and a density of 30000 g / m 3. These numerical values are values measured according to the JISL1086 standard. Generally, if an example of the nonwoven fabric for planting is shown, about 150 g / m <2> is used by 1 mm in thickness. This is 150,000 g / m 3, which indicates a bulk specific gravity 5 times that of the present embodiment. Bulk specific gravity is also a measure of clogging, and if it is high, a filter effect is obtained. That is, clogging occurs due to dust or the like due to natural phenomena, and the non-woven fabric for planting changes in a direction that is not suitable for growth due to changes in water permeability and air permeability that are initially secured. In order to avoid this and use dust or the like as growth soil, the first fiber of 5 to 20 dtex and the second fiber of 70 to 150 dtex which are coarser than the soil particle size are used in an amount of 30 to 70 wt. The bulk specific gravity of the part mixture is preferably composed of a fibrous body having a mesh size of 4 mm or more according to the JISL1086 method and a density of 30000 g / m 3. As described above, when the basis weight is reduced, the number of cross contact points of the fibers is reduced, so that the above-described fire spread prevention effect can be further enhanced.

  Three or more kinds of fibers may be mixed in the sheet body 20. That is, three or more kinds of fibers can be used as long as the decitex is adjusted so that air permeability can be ensured, and the effect of preventing the spread of fire and the reduction of bulk when the moss sheet 1 is ignited can be realized.

  The sheet body 20 can be coated with charcoal particles and zeolite particles. As the zeolite particles, natural zeolite particles or artificial zeolite particles can be used. Artificial zeolite has a cation exchange function. By supporting a cation, it can be used for various applications. For the purpose of improving acidified soil, artificial zeolites of calcium type, magnesium type, potassium type, ammonium type and the like can be used. An appropriate artificial zeolite can be used depending on the purpose of use.

  By using these charcoal particles and zeolite particles, it is possible to reduce reduction of fertilizer, increase sensitivity to temperature and stability of ph. Artificial zeolite retains fertilizer components that are washed away by ion exchange and prevents acidification. In other words, in the case of Ca calcium type, anion compounds such as K, Mg S (sulfur compound) and CL (chlorine compound), which have a higher ionization tendency than calcium, are replaced by Ca, and the active components of negative ions are adsorbed. Can prevent runaway. This keeps the acidification at a constant level. The charcoal particles have a porous structure, and can provide fertilizer and humidity control effects due to the adsorption effect on the voids.

  By holding these charcoal particles and zeolite particles on the sheet body 20 by a technique called coating, it is possible to prevent the charcoal particles and the zeolite particles from scattering. By coating, the density of the bottom surface is increased, dust and the like are secured, and the effect of forming a thin soil cultivation layer necessary for plant growth is enhanced. Furthermore, water retention is improved, and an effect of improving the root entanglement of the plant is also obtained.

  The carbon particles and the zeolite particles may be coated, for example, by mixing the zeolite particles and the carbon powder in a liquid emulsion and spraying the mixture on the sheet body 20. By using a coating method by spraying, a charcoal / zeolite layer can be formed in a layer on one side of the nonwoven fabric at the lowest cost.

  The growing net 10 is detachably bonded to a plate-like member 30 having water retention provided on the vegetation. The plate-like member 30 can be made of an inorganic material or an organic material with little air permeability. The inorganic material may be a cement board, a flexible board, a brick, a ceramic board, a ceramic, a metal board, or a composite or foam thereof. The organic material may be a plywood, a synthetic resin plate, a nonwoven fabric laminate, a felt laminate, a rubber plate, or a composite or foam thereof.

  Since the plate-like member 30 has water retention, moisture can be stably supplied to the roots of the moss. On the other hand, since the moss sheet 1 is excellent in water permeability, the water supplied to the moss can be adjusted to a water amount suitable for growth.

  The fixed net 40 is overlaid on the moss sheet 1 and fixed to the growing net 10 by means such as sewing and stapler. That is, the moss vegetated on the moss sheet 1 is held by being sandwiched between the growing net 10 and the fixed net 40. Thereby, when wind etc. spray on moss sheet 1, it can control that moss peels from moss sheet 1.

  When moss is vegetated, the moss sheet 1 is peeled off from the plate-like member 30 and shipped. The shipped moss sheet 1 is installed on the roof of a building (for example, a station building). Here, a water retention sheet may be interposed between the moss sheet 1 and an installation surface such as a roof.

  Next, the manufacturing method of the moss sheet 1 is demonstrated, referring the flowchart of FIG. However, the manufacturing method of the moss sheet 1 is not limited to the flowchart of FIG. In step S101, the first block body made of the first fiber and the second block body made of the second fiber having a decitex different from the first fiber are woven. In step S102, the unwoven first and second fibers are cottoned to form a sheet body 20 made of a nonwoven fabric with a basis weight of 62 g / m2. In step S103, two sheet bodies 20 are overlapped, overlapped on the growth net 10, and fixed by the needle punch method. That is, the fibers of the sheet body 20 are entangled with the growth net 10 by driving a plurality of needles into the sheet body 20 and the growth net 10 that are overlapped with each other. In step S104, the emulsion containing zeolite and charcoal powder is sprayed onto the sheet body 20 by a sprayer to coat the sheet body 20 with zeolite and fine powder.

  The moss sheet 1 can be planted with moss by the following method. The moss sheet 1 is sprayed with an emulsion, the moss is evenly spread before the emulsion is dried, and the moss sheet 1 is pressed from above to attach the moss to the moss sheet 1.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Moss sheet 10 Raising mat 20 Sheet body 30 Plate-shaped member 40 Fixed net

Claims (4)

A fire retardant mat that grows moss plants,
The net,
A sheet body in which at least two types of fibers different from each other in decitex are mixed, and the sheet body fixed to the net by entanglement of the fibers with the net,
Charcoal particles and zeolite particles coated on the sheet body,
Having a flame retardant mat.   When the entire sheet is 100 parts by weight, the sheet includes 30 to 70 parts by weight of 5 to 20 dtex first fibers and 70 to 150 dtex second fibers. The flame-retardant mat according to claim 1.   The flame retardant mat according to claim 2, wherein the sheet body is a nonwoven fabric. The flame retardant mat according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the net is fixed and has a plate-like member having water retention.

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