JP2005312327A - Soil alternative material - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a plant cultivation bed using soil as little as possible. <P>SOLUTION: The plant cultivation bed as a soil alternative material is such one that a rectangular object 1 of natural plant fiber nonwoven matter such as coconut palm, fruit crust, hemp palm or straw is molded and disposed as an upper layer(a) or a lower layer (b), and powdery charcoal 2 is subjected to bonding processing as the underside of the upper layer(a) or the face side of the lower layer (b) or an intermediate layer (c). The object 1 is a form with 30-50 cm size, and a water-holding synthetic resin is contained in the object 1 and soil is contained in its gaps. the rectangular object 1 with the powdery charcoal 2 subjected to bonding processing as the intermediate layer (c) is wrapped and subjected to sewing processing with a nonwoven fabric, wherein an adhesive for forming the powdery charcoal is a natural adhesive such as starch. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for growing plants without using soil as much as possible by laying them on the rooftop of a high-rise building.

  Perlite, pumice, etc. are used, but soil is necessary for the lower part of the root.

1) In high-rise buildings, there was a problem that it was difficult to cool the highest floor by storing sunlight, and it was necessary to block sunlight and to insulate.
2) When using sunlight to cut off sunlight and heat insulation in rooftop greening, the use of soil causes problems in the weight of the building itself, load of the soil itself, transportation of soil, and soil preparation work processes.
3) When trying to cultivate plants on the roof, there is a problem of water replenishment. In the case of soil, if water is replenished, there is a problem of spillage, and the problem of clogging piping due to the outflow of soil occurs.
4) To solve these problems all at once, we provide soil substitutes.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present invention has been achieved. That is, the present invention is a natural vegetable fiber nonwoven such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw, wheat straw, etc. as a soil substitute. It is a soil substitute material consisting of one layer of powdered charcoal bonded to the lower surface of a rectangular object (small-scale horticulture) or long object (large-scale agriculture). A rectangular object (small-scale horticulture) or a long object (large-scale agriculture) of a vegetable fiber non-woven material such as wheat straw was arranged, and powdered charcoal was bonded to the upper surface of the lower rectangular object or long object. It is a soil substitute characterized by the fact that at least one rectangular object of natural plant fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shells, palm, etc. is formed and arranged in the upper layer part and / or lower layer part, and pulverized charcoal as an intermediate layer Consisting of a rectangular object bonded A soil substitute material characterized by,
A natural vegetable fiber non-woven material layer formed at least in the upper layer and / or the lower layer and a rectangular object bonded with pulverized charcoal as an intermediate layer is 30 to 50 cm in production, transportation and operation. It is a soil substitute characterized by the shape of
It is characterized by containing a water-retaining synthetic resin in order to improve the rooting of plants in a rectangular or long object of natural plant fiber non-woven material formed and arranged at least one layer in the upper layer part and / or the lower layer part And a soil substitute material
It is characterized by containing soil in order to promote rooting and growth in the gap between rectangular objects or long objects of natural vegetable fiber non-woven material formed and arranged at least one layer in the upper layer and / or lower layer And a soil substitute material
It is a soil substitute material characterized in that the powdered charcoal is wrapped and sewn with a nonwoven fabric in order to prevent scattering due to aging of the rectangular object bonded with powdered charcoal as an intermediate layer. It is a soil substitute characterized by the fact that the adhesive for forming coal is a natural adhesive such as starch that does not inhibit plant growth.

Action

1) Since natural plant fiber is used instead of soil, the density is small and light, so the weight load on the high-rise building is small.
2) Natural plant fibers with many voids are suitable for blocking sunlight and have a great heat insulation effect.
3) Natural plant fiber is made of standard products, easy to carry and uses almost no soil, so it doesn't pollute indoors and elevators.
4) When a water retaining resin is used, less watering is required.
5) Adjusting the thickness of the soil substitute material according to the length of the plant roots by laying one or more layers of a rectangular body of natural vegetable fiber nonwoven fabric on the upper layer and / or lower layer. I can do it.
6) By sandwiching a layer of pulverized charcoal between the rectangular shapes of natural plant fibers in the upper layer and / or the lower layer, it becomes possible to perform cleaning, cleaning, and filtration.
7) Since the whole is light, it is easy to move on the roof and easily change the pattern.
8) Unlike soil-based landscaping, the rooftop is not soiled, it is possible to eliminate the excessive design of the rooftop and to prevent clogging of the drainage.
9) When working on slopes on large farms and mountain slopes, workability is improved by using long objects.

The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1, 3, and 5 are obtained by bonding powdery charcoal to the lower surface of a rectangular object 1 or a long object 10 of a natural vegetable fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw, or wheat straw. This is a simplified cross-sectional view of a soil substitute material consisting of a single layer.
FIG. 1 is composed of a rectangular object 1 composed of one upper layer portion a, and powder carbon 2 is directly bonded to the lower surface.
FIG. 5 is composed of a long object 10 composed of one upper layer portion a, and the powdered charcoal 2 is bonded to the lower surface.
In FIG. 3, the upper layer part a and the lower layer part b illustrated in FIG. 1 are arranged. Suitable for plants with long roots and easy rooting.
2 and 6 show that a rectangular object 1 or a long object 10 of a vegetable fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw and wheat straw is arranged on the upper layer part a and the lower layer part b. It is a soil substitute material characterized by bonding pulverized charcoal 2 to the upper surface of the rectangular object or long object 10.
In FIG. 2, the rectangular object 1 obtained by bonding the powdered charcoal 2 to the upper surface of the lower layer part b is arranged. In FIG. 6, the powdered charcoal 2 is bonded to the upper surface of the long object 10 wound in a roll shape. Yes. The long object 10 of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is arranged and used in both the upper layer portion a (FIG. 6) and the lower layer portion b (FIG. 5).

FIG. 7 shows a rectangular object 1 of a natural vegetable fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw, wheat straw, etc. according to the present invention formed in the upper layer part a and / or the lower layer part b, and powdered as an intermediate layer. It is sectional drawing of the soil substitute material S of the rectangular-shaped object 2 which the adhesion process of the lignite 2 was carried out.
The rectangular object 1 of the natural vegetable fiber non-woven fabric disposed in the upper layer part a and the lower layer part b is at least one layer. In order to obtain a desired thickness, the upper layer part is one layer, two layers, three layers. Anyway. Further, the rectangular object 1 of the natural vegetable fiber non-woven material to be arranged in the lower layer part b may be made into one layer, two layers, and three layers.
In addition, as for the thickness of the rectangular object of the natural vegetable fiber nonwoven fabric of this invention, 5 mm-10 mm are desirable.

The use of the powdered coal layer 2 for the intermediate layer c of the present invention utilizes the filtering ability, sterilizing ability, and cleaning ability of charcoal. In addition, charcoal releases negative ions present in the surrounding environment (forests, waterfalls, ponds, etc.). Negative ions activate metabolism and promote recovery from fatigue. Use of heat-resistant charcoal facilitates plant growth even in cold regions.
The size of the charcoal is desirably about 5 mm to 8 mm. If it is less than 4 mm, it will flow out and clog or contaminate the pavement. If it is 9 mm or more, there will be a problem in formability.
At least one layer formed and arranged in the upper layer part a and / or the lower layer part b, and the shape of the rectangular object 2 bonded with pulverized charcoal as the intermediate layer c, 30 cm to The 50cm shape is convenient for molding, transportation and handling.

  The rectangular object 1 of a natural vegetable fiber non-woven fabric formed and arranged in at least one layer on the upper layer part a and / or the lower layer part b is too dry in summer, which is not preferable for plant growth. It is necessary to water a lot. In order to reduce water supply, it is desirable to contain a water-retaining synthetic resin. As the water-retaining synthetic resin, a polyurethane resin having a hydrophilic group, an acrylonitrile resin having a hydrophilic group, or the like is desirable.

  It is also included that a small amount of soil is contained in the rectangular object gap of the natural vegetable fiber non-woven material formed and arranged in the upper layer part a and / or the lower layer part b of the present invention. In order to cope with all plants as the soil substitute material S, soil is sometimes required.

As the intermediate layer c, the pulverized coal layer 2 is preferably formed by encircling and sewing the upper layer portion a and / or the lower layer portion b and the periphery thereof with a non-woven fabric.
In addition, from the viewpoint of shape retention as an intermediate layer, an adhesive for pulverized coal formation is required. The adhesive is preferably a natural adhesive such as starch.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the soil substitute material S laid on the pavement surface of the present invention.
Two (one) vegetable non-woven plate-like layers 1 are placed side by side, and the upper layer part a and the lower layer part b are each in one layer. As the side wall, any material can be used as long as it is breathable. In FIG. 10, the material is the same as the vegetable non-woven plate layer 1 used for the upper layer a and the lower layer b of the soil substitute material S. 1a is used. A synthetic fiber net 4 is wound around the outside. As the synthetic fiber net, a net-like material may be used, but a fine material such as a cold chill is more preferable. Natural fibers can be used after resin processing.
A nonwoven fabric 5 is laid on the lower layer b of the soil substitute material S. Use as charcoal powder and water-absorbing synthetic resin (polymer absorbent) spill absorber. In addition, the nonwoven fabric 5 may be further laid under the bottom of the outer synthetic fiber network 4 at the bottom. Providing a gap (gap) 8 at the bottom is effective in preventing plant root rot. It is desirable that the nonwoven fabric 5 provided in the bottom gap 8 of the plant cultivation floor 7 installed on the ground or the roof of the building can be freely replaced.

effect

1) Lightweight and easy to carry. Therefore, it is not necessary to apply a load to maintain the strength of the high-rise building. In addition, it is made of natural plant fibers and has a high porosity, so it is not much different from air and has a heat insulating effect and a solar heat blocking effect.
2) It is easy to lay, and when replacing flowers every season, replacing all soil substitutes will not lead to environmental destruction.
3) Water-retaining synthetic resin absorbs and discharges water when it reaches a specific temperature, so when it rains, it collects water inside, and when the temperature rises in fine weather, it discharges it. Moisture is given to the inside, and if the temperature falls, the inside can be reworked. Therefore, less hydration is required.
4) A sterilizing effect, a filtering effect, and a cleaning effect are generated by inserting the powdery coal layer 2 between the vegetable non-woven plate-like layer 1 in the upper layer part and / or the lower layer part. It absorbs negative ions from the surrounding environment, thus promoting fatigue recovery. Using heat-resistant charcoal makes it possible to grow plants even in cold regions.
5) Since a gap generator is provided between the ground contact surface and the air flow from the lower layer to the plant, the root rot can be prevented.
6) Since the amount of soil used is reduced as much as possible, piping clogging due to soil flow is reduced.

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a rectangular object obtained by bonding pulverized coal to the lower surface of the upper layer portion of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one example of each rectangular layer of the upper layer portion and the lower layer portion of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of each of the rectangular layers of the upper and lower layers of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a long object of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view in which pulverized coal is bonded to the lower surface of the upper layer portion of the long object of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view in which pulverized coal is bonded to the upper surface of the lower layer portion of the long object of the soil substitute material of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view in which a powdery charcoal-bonded processed material layer is disposed as an intermediate layer of one layer of the vegetable non-woven board layer of the soil substitute material according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view in which an upper layer portion of the soil substitute material according to the present invention and a vegetable non-woven board layer of a lower layer portion mixed with soil and a powdered charcoal bonded material layer disposed in an intermediate layer. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a soil substitute material in which two layers of the upper layer portion and two layers of the lower layer according to the present invention are provided with a layer of powdered charcoal bonded to the intermediate layer. FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing an example of a plant cultivation floor using the soil substitute material of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Vegetable fiber non-woven rectangular object (vegetable non-woven plate layer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Vegetable non-woven board layer side wall 2 Powdery charcoal layer 3 Soil mixing plant non-woven board layer 4 Outer synthetic fiber network 5 Non-woven fabric 6 Gap generating tool (gap generating bar)
7 Plant cultivation floor 8 Cavity 9 Soil 10 Plant fiber non-woven roll (long)
a Upper layer
b Lower layer
c Intermediate layer S Soil substitute

Claims (8)

  Soil substitute characterized by consisting of a single layer of powdered charcoal bonded to the bottom of a rectangular or long object of natural vegetable fiber nonwoven such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw, wheat straw   A rectangular object or long object of vegetable fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shell, palm, straw, wheat straw etc. is placed on the upper layer and lower layer part, and powdery on the upper surface of the lower layer rectangular object or long object Soil substitute material characterized by bonding charcoal   At least one layer was formed and arranged in the upper layer and / or lower layer of a rectangular object of natural vegetable fiber non-woven material such as coconut palm, fruit shells, palm, straw, wheat straw, etc. Soil substitute characterized by consisting of rectangular objects   A natural vegetable fiber non-woven material in which at least one layer is formed and arranged in the upper layer part and / or the lower layer part, and a rectangular object formed by bonding powdered charcoal as an intermediate layer has a shape of 30 cm to 50 cm. Item 3 Soil substitute   3. A water-retaining synthetic resin is contained in a rectangular or long object of a natural vegetable fiber non-woven material in which at least one layer is formed and arranged in the upper layer part and / or the lower layer part. Soil substitute according to claim 3   The soil is contained in a gap between a rectangular object or a long object of a natural vegetable fiber non-woven material in which at least one layer is formed and arranged in the upper layer part and / or the lower layer part. The soil substitute material according to claim 3 or claim 5.   The soil substitute material according to claim 3, wherein a rectangular object obtained by bonding powdery coal as an intermediate layer is surrounded by a non-woven fabric. The powdery charcoal forming adhesive that is directly sprayed on the lower surface of the upper layer or the upper surface of the lower layer or used as an intermediate layer is a natural adhesive such as starch. The soil substitute material according to claim 2 or claim 3

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