JP2014159639A - Aluminum alloy wire - Google Patents
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本発明は、電線の導体に用いられるアルミニウム合金線及びアルミニウム合金撚り線、これら合金線や合金撚り線を導体とする被覆電線、この被覆電線を具えるワイヤーハーネス、及び上記合金線の製造方法、並びにアルミニウム合金に関するものである。特に、自動車といった搬送機器に利用されるワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に適した特性(強度、靭性、導電率)をバランスよく具えるアルミニウム合金線に関するものである。 The present invention includes an aluminum alloy wire and an aluminum alloy stranded wire used for a conductor of an electric wire, a covered electric wire using the alloy wire or an alloy stranded wire as a conductor, a wire harness including the covered electric wire, and a method for producing the alloy wire, Further, it relates to an aluminum alloy. In particular, the present invention relates to an aluminum alloy wire having a well-balanced characteristic (strength, toughness, conductivity) suitable for a wire conductor of a wire harness used in a transport device such as an automobile.
従来、自動車や飛行機などの搬送機器、ロボットなどの産業機器の配線構造には、端子を有する複数の電線を束ねたワイヤーハーネスと呼ばれる形態が利用されている。従来、ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体の構成材料は、導電性に優れた銅や銅合金といった銅系材料が主流である。 2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a form called a wire harness in which a plurality of electric wires having terminals are bundled is used for a wiring structure of a transport device such as an automobile or an airplane, or an industrial device such as a robot. Conventionally, copper-based materials such as copper and copper alloys, which are excellent in electrical conductivity, have been the main constituent material for wire conductors of wire harnesses.
昨今、自動車の高性能化や高機能化が急速に進められてきており、車載される各種電気機器、制御機器などの増加に伴い、これらの機器に使用される電線も増加傾向にある。一方、近年、環境保全のため、自動車や飛行機などの燃費の向上が望まれている。軽量化すると、燃費を向上できる。そこで、電線の軽量化のために、比重が銅の約1/3であるアルミニウムを導体に用いることが検討されている。例えば、自動車のバッテリーケーブルといった10mm2以上の電線用導体に純アルミニウムが用いられた例がある。しかし、純アルミニウムは、銅系材料よりも強度が低く、耐疲労特性に劣るため、例えば、導体断面積が1.5mm2以下といった一般的な電線用導体に適用することが難しい。これに対し、特許文献1は、純アルミニウムよりも強度が高いアルミニウム合金からなる自動車用ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に利用されるアルミニウム合金線材を開示している。 In recent years, the performance and functionality of automobiles have been rapidly increased, and with the increase of various electric devices and control devices mounted on the vehicle, the number of electric wires used for these devices is also increasing. On the other hand, in recent years, improvement of fuel consumption of automobiles, airplanes and the like is desired for environmental protection. When the weight is reduced, fuel consumption can be improved. Therefore, in order to reduce the weight of the electric wire, it has been studied to use aluminum having a specific gravity of about 1/3 of copper as a conductor. For example, there is an example in which pure aluminum is used for a conductor for an electric wire of 10 mm 2 or more such as an automobile battery cable. However, pure aluminum has lower strength than copper-based materials and is inferior in fatigue resistance, so it is difficult to apply it to a general electric wire conductor having a conductor cross-sectional area of 1.5 mm 2 or less, for example. On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses an aluminum alloy wire used for an electric wire conductor of an automobile wire harness made of an aluminum alloy having higher strength than pure aluminum.
しかし、従来のアルミニウム合金線材は、自動車といった搬送機器に配備されるワイヤーハーネスに求められる特性を十分に有していない。 However, the conventional aluminum alloy wire does not have sufficient characteristics required for a wire harness deployed in a transport device such as an automobile.
電線用導体には、導電率が高いことが望まれる。しかし、特許文献1に記載されるアルミニウム合金線材は、導電率が十分に高いとはいえない。 The electric conductor is desired to have high conductivity. However, the aluminum alloy wire described in Patent Document 1 cannot be said to have a sufficiently high electrical conductivity.
また、特許文献1に記載されるような高強度のアルミニウム合金電線は、靭性が不十分である。従来、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体を構成するアルミニウム合金は、強度の向上を主目的として検討されており、靭性(耐衝撃性や伸びなど)について十分検討されていない。本発明者らが検討したところ、特許文献1に記載されるような高強度のアルミニウム合金線材を用いたワイヤーハーネスを機器などに組み付ける際、導体において端子部との境界近傍で導体が破断することがあるとの知見を得た。即ち、従来、線材自体の特性を検討しているものの、端子部を含むワイヤーハーネスとした場合の特性を検討しておらず、組み付けの際に求められる靭性を十分に有したワイヤーハーネスの開発がなされていない。 Further, a high-strength aluminum alloy electric wire as described in Patent Document 1 has insufficient toughness. Conventionally, aluminum alloys constituting conductors for electric wires of automobile wire harnesses have been studied mainly for the purpose of improving strength, and toughness (impact resistance, elongation, etc.) has not been sufficiently studied. When the present inventors examined, when assembling a wire harness using a high-strength aluminum alloy wire as described in Patent Document 1, the conductor breaks in the vicinity of the boundary with the terminal portion in the conductor. I got the knowledge that there is. In other words, the properties of the wire itself have been studied, but the properties of the wire harness including the terminal portion have not been studied, and the development of a wire harness having sufficient toughness required for assembly has been made. Not done.
端子部の装着は、所望の導通状態を維持できるように行われる。しかし、従来のアルミニウム合金線材は、装着時の応力が応力緩和されることで(経時的に低下していくことで)、端子部との固着力が低下し、端子部が電線から抜け落ちることがあるとの知見を得た。即ち、従来のアルミニウム合金線材を用いた電線は、装着された端子部が緩む恐れがある。従って、電線と端子部との固着力が高いワイヤーハーネスの開発が望まれる。 The terminal portion is attached so that a desired conduction state can be maintained. However, the conventional aluminum alloy wire rod has a stress that is reduced when it is mounted (it decreases with time), so that the fixing force with the terminal portion is reduced, and the terminal portion may fall out of the electric wire. The knowledge that there is. That is, the electric terminal using the conventional aluminum alloy wire may loosen the attached terminal portion. Therefore, it is desired to develop a wire harness that has a high adhering force between the electric wire and the terminal portion.
そこで、本発明の目的の一つは、高強度、高靭性で導電率が高く、ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に好適なアルミニウム合金線、及びアルミニウム合金撚り線、並びにワイヤーハーネスに好適な被覆電線を提供することにある。また、本発明の他の目的は、高強度、高靭性で導電率が高い電線を具えるワイヤーハーネスを提供することにある。更に、本発明の他の目的は、上記本発明アルミニウム合金線の製造方法を提供することにある。 Therefore, one of the objects of the present invention is to provide an aluminum alloy wire suitable for a wire harness electric wire conductor, an aluminum alloy stranded wire, and a coated electric wire suitable for a wire harness. It is to provide. Another object of the present invention is to provide a wire harness including an electric wire having high strength, high toughness and high electrical conductivity. Furthermore, the other object of this invention is to provide the manufacturing method of the said aluminum alloy wire of this invention.
導電率が高く、ワイヤーハーネスに望まれる特性、特に耐衝撃性や端子部との固着力を十分に具えた電線用導体に適したアルミニウム合金線を検討した結果、本発明者らは、伸線後(直後でなくてもよい)に軟化処理を施した軟材を利用することが好ましい、との知見を得た。軟化処理を行うと、線材の伸びを向上できるだけでなく、伸線などの塑性加工に伴う歪を除去して、導電率も向上することができる。かつ、本発明者らは、軟化処理を行うことに加えて、特定の組成のアルミニウム合金とする、具体的には特定量のFeを含有するアルミニウム合金とすることで、耐衝撃性や端子部との固着力を向上できる上に、強度にも優れるアルミニウム合金線が得られる、との知見を得た。本発明は、これらの知見に基づくものである。 As a result of studying an aluminum alloy wire suitable for a wire conductor having high conductivity and sufficient characteristics required for a wire harness, in particular, sufficient impact resistance and adhesion to a terminal portion, the present inventors have drawn It was found that it is preferable to use a soft material that has been subjected to a softening treatment later (not immediately after). When the softening treatment is performed, not only the elongation of the wire can be improved, but also the electrical conductivity can be improved by removing strain accompanying plastic processing such as wire drawing. And in addition to performing the softening treatment, the present inventors made an aluminum alloy having a specific composition, specifically, an aluminum alloy containing a specific amount of Fe, so that the impact resistance and the terminal portion It was found that an aluminum alloy wire having excellent strength and strength could be obtained. The present invention is based on these findings.
本発明アルミニウム合金線の製造方法は、以下の工程を具える。
1. Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAlからなるアルミニウム合金の溶湯を鋳造して鋳造材を形成する工程。
2. 上記鋳造材に圧延を施して圧延材を形成する工程。
3. 上記圧延材に伸線加工を施して伸線材を形成する工程。
4. 上記伸線材に軟化処理を施して軟材を形成する工程。
そして、本発明製造方法は、軟化処理後の線材の伸びが10％以上となるように伸線材に軟化処理を施す。得られたアルミニウム合金線は、導体に利用される。
The manufacturing method of the aluminum alloy wire of the present invention includes the following steps.
1. A step of casting a molten aluminum alloy containing Fe in an amount of 0.005 mass% to 2.2 mass% with the balance being Al to form a cast material.
2. A step of rolling the cast material to form a rolled material.
3. A step of drawing the rolled material to form a drawn material.
4. A step of softening the drawn wire material to form a soft material.
And the manufacturing method of this invention performs a softening process to a wire drawing material so that elongation of the wire after a softening process may be 10% or more. The obtained aluminum alloy wire is used as a conductor.
上記製造方法により、本発明アルミニウム合金線が得られる。本発明アルミニウム合金線は、導体に利用されるものであり、Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物からなる。そして、このアルミニウム合金線(以下、Al合金線と呼ぶ)は、導電率が58％IACS以上、伸びが10％以上である。 The aluminum alloy wire of the present invention is obtained by the above production method. The aluminum alloy wire of the present invention is used for a conductor and contains 0.005 mass% or more and 2.2 mass% or less of Fe, with the balance being Al and impurities. The aluminum alloy wire (hereinafter referred to as Al alloy wire) has a conductivity of 58% IACS or more and an elongation of 10% or more.
本発明Al合金線は、軟化処理が施された軟材であるため、導電率及び靭性の双方に優れる上に、端子部との接続強度も高い。また、本発明Al合金線は、特定の組成であるため、強度も高い。従って、本発明Al合金線は、ワイヤーハーネスに望まれる導電率や耐衝撃性、強度、端子部との接続性を十分に具え、ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に好適に利用できる。以下、本発明をより詳細に説明する。なお、元素の含有量は、質量％を示す。 Since the Al alloy wire of the present invention is a soft material subjected to a softening treatment, it is excellent in both conductivity and toughness and has high connection strength with the terminal portion. Moreover, since the Al alloy wire of the present invention has a specific composition, it has high strength. Therefore, the Al alloy wire of the present invention has sufficient conductivity, impact resistance, strength, and connectivity with the terminal portion desired for the wire harness, and can be suitably used as a conductor for the wire of the wire harness. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. In addition, content of an element shows the mass%.
[Al合金線]
《組成》
本発明Al合金線を構成する本発明Al合金は、Feを0.005％以上2.2％以下含有するAl-Fe系合金である。Feを0.005％以上含有することで、強度に優れるAl合金線が得られる。Feの含有量が高いほどAl合金の強度が高まるが、導電率や靭性が低下する上に、伸線加工時などで断線が生じ易くなるため、Fe:2.2％以下とする。Feは、導電率の低下をあまり招くことなく強度を向上することができるが、Feを添加し過ぎると、伸線加工などの加工性の低下を招く。Feのより好ましい含有量は、0.9％以上2.0％以下である。
[Al alloy wire]
"composition"
The Al alloy of the present invention constituting the Al alloy wire of the present invention is an Al—Fe alloy containing 0.005% or more and 2.2% or less of Fe. By containing 0.005% or more of Fe, an Al alloy wire having excellent strength can be obtained. The higher the Fe content, the higher the strength of the Al alloy. However, the electrical conductivity and toughness are lowered, and wire breakage is likely to occur during wire drawing, so Fe: 2.2% or less. Fe can improve the strength without causing much decrease in electrical conductivity, but if Fe is added excessively, workability such as wire drawing is reduced. A more preferable content of Fe is 0.9% or more and 2.0% or less.
Feに加えて、Mg、Si、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn、Ag、Cr、及びZrから選択される1種以上の添加元素を含有することで、強度や靭性、耐衝撃性の向上を図ることができる。Mn,Ni,Zr,Crは、導電率の低下が大きいものの、強度の向上効果が高い元素である。Ag,Znは、導電率の低下が少なく、強度の向上効果をある程度有する。Cuは、導電率の低下が少なく、強度を向上することができる。Mgは、導電率の低下が大きいものの、強度の向上効果が高く、特にSiと同時に含有することで、強度をより向上できる。これらの添加元素は、1種でも2種以上を組み合わせて含有していてもよく、合計含有量が0.005質量％以上1.0質量％以下であることが好ましい。好ましい含有量は、Mg:0.05％以上0.5％以下、Mn,Ni,Zr,Zn,Cr及びAg:合計で0.005％以上0.2％以下、Cu:0.05％以上0.5％以下、Si:0.05％以上0.3％以下であり、より好ましい含有量は、Mg:0.05％以上0.4％以下、特に、Mg:0.1％以上0.4％以下、Mn,Ni,Zr,Zn,Cr及びAg:合計で0.005％以上0.15％以下、Cu:0.05％以上0.4％以下、Si:0.05％以上0.2％以下である。Mgが0.5％超、Mn,Ni,Zr,Zn,Cr及びAgの合計が0.2％超、Cuが0.5％超であると、Al合金の強度が高まるが、導電率や靭性が低下する上に、伸線加工時などで断線が生じ易くなる。Siが0.3％超であると、導電率及び靭性の低下を招く。 In addition to Fe, it contains one or more additive elements selected from Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Ag, Cr, and Zr, thereby improving strength, toughness, and impact resistance. be able to. Mn, Ni, Zr, and Cr are elements that have a high effect of improving the strength, although the decrease in conductivity is large. Ag and Zn are less likely to decrease in conductivity and have a certain degree of strength improvement effect. Cu has little decrease in conductivity and can improve strength. Although Mg has a large decrease in electrical conductivity, the effect of improving the strength is high, and in particular, the strength can be further improved by containing it together with Si. These additive elements may be contained alone or in combination of two or more, and the total content is preferably 0.005% by mass or more and 1.0% by mass or less. Preferable contents are Mg: 0.05% to 0.5%, Mn, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cr and Ag: 0.005% to 0.2% in total, Cu: 0.05% to 0.5%, Si: 0.05% to 0.3% More preferably, Mg: 0.05% to 0.4%, especially Mg: 0.1% to 0.4%, Mn, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cr and Ag: 0.005% to 0.15% in total Hereinafter, Cu: 0.05% to 0.4%, Si: 0.05% to 0.2%. If Mg exceeds 0.5%, the total of Mn, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cr and Ag exceeds 0.2% and Cu exceeds 0.5%, the strength of the Al alloy increases, but the conductivity and toughness decrease. Disconnection is likely to occur during wire drawing. When Si is more than 0.3%, the electrical conductivity and toughness are reduced.
本発明Al合金線を構成するAl合金において、Feに加えて上記添加元素を含有する場合の具体的な組成として、例えば、以下の(1)〜(4)が挙げられる。
(1) 質量％で、Feを0.90％以上1.20％以下、Mgを0.10％以上0.25％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(2) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Mgを0.05％以上0.5％以下、Mn,Ni,Zr,Zn,Cr,及びAgから選択される1種以上の元素を合計で0.005％以上0.2％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(3) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Cuを0.05％以上0.5％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(4) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Cuを0.05％以上0.5％以下含有し、更にMgを0.1％以上0.5％以下及びSiを0.05％以上0.3％以下の少なくとも1種を含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
In the Al alloy constituting the Al alloy wire of the present invention, the following (1) to (4) may be mentioned as specific compositions when the additive element is contained in addition to Fe.
(1) By mass%, Fe is 0.90% or more and 1.20% or less, Mg is 0.10% or more and 0.25% or less, and the balance is Al and impurities.
(2) By mass%, Fe is 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Mg is 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, and one or more elements selected from Mn, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cr, and Ag in total 0.005 % And 0.2% or less, the balance being Al and impurities.
(3) By mass%, Fe is 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Cu is 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, and the balance is Al and impurities.
(4) At least 1 type of Fe containing 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Cu containing 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, Mg containing 0.1% or more and 0.5% or less, and Si containing 0.05% or more and 0.3% or less. Contains, the balance being Al and impurities.
更に、上記Al合金は、Ti及びBの少なくとも一方を含有すると、強度をより向上することができる。TiやBは、鋳造時のAl合金の結晶組織を微細にする効果がある。結晶組織が微細であると、強度を向上することができる。B単独の含有でもよいが、Ti単独、特に双方を含有すると、結晶組織の微細化効果が更に向上する。この微細化効果を十分に得るには、質量割合で、Tiを100ppm以上500ppm以下(0.01％以上0.05％以下)、Bを10ppm以上50ppm以下(0.001％以上0.005％以下)含有することが好ましい。Ti:500ppm超、B:50ppm超では、上記微細化効果が飽和したり、導電率の低下を招く。 Furthermore, when the Al alloy contains at least one of Ti and B, the strength can be further improved. Ti and B have the effect of refining the crystal structure of the Al alloy during casting. If the crystal structure is fine, the strength can be improved. Although it may contain B alone, the effect of refining the crystal structure is further improved by containing Ti alone, particularly both. In order to sufficiently obtain this refinement effect, it is preferable that Ti is contained in a mass ratio of 100 ppm to 500 ppm (0.01% to 0.05%) and B is 10 ppm to 50 ppm (0.001% to 0.005%). If Ti: more than 500 ppm and B: more than 50 ppm, the above-mentioned refinement effect is saturated or the conductivity is lowered.
《特性》
本発明Al合金線は、特定の組成の本発明Al合金から構成されると共に軟材であるため、導電性及び靭性に優れ、導電率:58％IACS以上、伸び:10％以上である。添加元素の種類や量、軟化条件にもよるが、本発明Al合金線は、導電率:59％IACS以上、伸び:25％以上を満たすこともできる。
"Characteristic"
Since the Al alloy wire of the present invention is composed of the Al alloy of the present invention having a specific composition and is a soft material, it is excellent in conductivity and toughness, conductivity: 58% IACS or more, and elongation: 10% or more. Although depending on the kind and amount of additive elements and softening conditions, the Al alloy wire of the present invention can also satisfy electrical conductivity: 59% IACS or more and elongation: 25% or more.
また、本発明者らが検討したところ、軟化条件(方式)によって、導電率や靭性を高めたり、耐食性を向上できるとの知見を得た。具体的には、軟化処理として、後述するバッチ処理(光輝処理)を行うと、導電率や伸びが高い傾向にあり、後述する連続処理を行うと、耐食性に優れる傾向にある。各軟化処理を施したAl合金線を調べたところ、析出物の存在状態に差異が見られ、連続軟化処理を行った場合、100nm以下といった非常に微細な析出物が少なく、バッチ軟化処理を行った場合、連続軟化処理を行った場合よりも上記析出物が多く存在していた。即ち、以下のAl合金線が得られた。 Further, as a result of examination by the present inventors, it has been found that the electrical conductivity and toughness can be increased and the corrosion resistance can be improved by the softening conditions (method). Specifically, as a softening treatment, when batch processing (brightness processing) described later is performed, conductivity and elongation tend to be high, and when continuous processing described later is performed, corrosion resistance tends to be excellent. When the Al alloy wires subjected to each softening treatment were examined, there was a difference in the presence of precipitates. When continuous softening treatment was performed, there were few very fine precipitates of 100 nm or less, and batch softening treatment was performed. In this case, more precipitates were present than when the continuous softening treatment was performed. That is, the following Al alloy wire was obtained.
(連続軟化処理):導体に利用されるAl合金線であって、Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物からなり、このAl合金線の断面において2400nm×2600nmの観察視野をとったとき、この観察視野中に存在する析出物であって、円相当径が100nm以下の析出物の数が10個以下である。
(バッチ軟化処理):導体に利用されるAl合金線であって、Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物からなり、このAl合金線の断面において2400nm×2600nmの観察視野をとったとき、この観察視野中に存在する析出物であって、円相当径が100nm以下の析出物の数が10個超である。
Feに加えて、上述した範囲で上記添加元素(Mg,Si,Cu,Zn,Ni,Mn,Ag,Cr,Zr)を含有していてもよいし、更に、TiやBを含有していてもよい。
(Continuous softening treatment): Al alloy wire used for conductors, containing Fe in an amount of 0.005 mass% to 2.2 mass%, with the balance being Al and impurities. The cross section of the Al alloy wire is 2400 nm x 2600 nm When an observation field is taken, the number of precipitates present in the observation field and having an equivalent circle diameter of 100 nm or less is 10 or less.
(Batch softening treatment): Al alloy wire used for conductors, containing Fe in an amount of 0.005 mass% to 2.2 mass%, with the balance being Al and impurities. The cross section of this Al alloy wire is 2400 nm x 2600 nm When an observation field is taken, the number of precipitates present in the observation field and having an equivalent circle diameter of 100 nm or less is more than ten.
In addition to Fe, the above-mentioned additive elements (Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Ag, Cr, Zr) may be contained within the above-described range, and further, Ti and B may be contained. Also good.
上述のように析出物の存在状態に差異が生じた理由は、以下のように考えられる。連続軟化処理の場合、軟化処理時に処理対象が高温になり易いことから、鋳造時や鋳造後の圧延時などに析出したFeが再固溶したり、軟化処理後の降温速度(冷却速度)が速い、即ち、急冷され易いことから固溶しているFeが析出し難いためであると考えられる。一方、バッチ軟化処理の場合、連続軟化処理の場合と比較して、軟化処理時に処理対象が高温になり難いことから、Feの再固溶が発生し難かったり、軟化処理後に徐冷されることから(降温速度が遅いことから)連続軟化処理の場合よりもFeが析出し易いためであると考えられる。 The reason for the difference in the presence state of the precipitates as described above is considered as follows. In the case of continuous softening treatment, the treatment target tends to become high temperature during the softening treatment, so that the Fe precipitated during casting or rolling after casting is re-dissolved, or the temperature lowering rate (cooling rate) after softening treatment is This is presumably because Fe dissolved in a solid state is difficult to precipitate because it is fast, that is, easily cooled. On the other hand, in the case of batch softening treatment, compared to the case of continuous softening treatment, it is difficult for the treatment target to become high temperature during the softening treatment, so that it is difficult for Fe to re-dissolve or be gradually cooled after the softening treatment. (Because the rate of temperature decrease is slow), this is probably because Fe is more likely to precipitate than in the case of continuous softening treatment.
なお、主として鋳造時に晶析出物が生成され、伸線後に連続軟化処理を行うことで、微細な析出物が低減される。従って、連続軟化処理を行うと、母材に十分にFeが固溶されていることで強度に優れる上に、耐食性にも優れるAl合金線が得られる。一方、バッチ軟化処理を行うと、連続軟化処理を行った場合よりも微細な析出物が多く存在するが、各析出物の大きさは100nm以下であり、その存在量もせいぜい100個/上記観察視野である。この微細な析出物の大きさや存在量は、軟化条件を調整することで変化させられる。例えば、軟化処理時の加熱温度を高く、降温速度(冷却速度)を速くすることで、析出物の大きさを小さく、存在量も少なくできる。従って、バッチ軟化処理の条件によっては、例えば、析出物の大きさが80nm以下、更に50nm以下であり、存在量が50個以下、更に20個以下のAl合金線が得られる。バッチ軟化処理を行った場合でも、母材にFeが固溶されていることから強度が高く、かつ上記微細な析出物が均一的に分散した組織を有することで靭性に優れると共に、連続軟化処理の場合と比較してFeの固溶量が少なくなることで導電率が高いAl合金線が得られる。 In addition, crystal precipitates are mainly generated at the time of casting, and fine precipitates are reduced by performing a continuous softening treatment after wire drawing. Accordingly, when the continuous softening treatment is performed, an Al alloy wire having excellent strength and corrosion resistance can be obtained because Fe is sufficiently dissolved in the base material. On the other hand, when batch softening treatment is performed, more fine precipitates exist than when continuous softening treatment is performed, but the size of each precipitate is 100 nm or less, and the abundance is at most 100 / observation above. It is a field of view. The size and abundance of the fine precipitates can be changed by adjusting the softening conditions. For example, by increasing the heating temperature during the softening treatment and increasing the temperature-decreasing rate (cooling rate), the size of the precipitate can be reduced and the abundance can be reduced. Therefore, depending on the conditions of the batch softening treatment, for example, an Al alloy wire having a precipitate size of 80 nm or less and further 50 nm or less and an abundance of 50 or less and further 20 or less can be obtained. Even when batch softening is performed, the strength is high because Fe is dissolved in the base material, and it has excellent toughness by having a structure in which the fine precipitates are uniformly dispersed. Compared to the case of Al, an Al alloy wire having a high conductivity can be obtained by reducing the amount of Fe dissolved.
本発明Al合金線は、引張強さが110MPa以上200MPa以下であることが好ましい。本発明者らは、単に高強度なだけで、靭性に劣る電線用導体ではワイヤーハーネスに適さないとの知見を得た。一般に、強度の向上は靭性の低下を招く。引張強さが上記範囲を満たすことで、高い靭性と高い強度とを両立することができる。また、本発明Al合金線は、0.2％耐力が40MPa以上であることが好ましい。同じ引張強さである場合、0.2％耐力が高い方が端子部との固着力が高くなる傾向にある。 The Al alloy wire of the present invention preferably has a tensile strength of 110 MPa to 200 MPa. The present inventors have obtained the knowledge that a conductor for electric wires that is merely high in strength and inferior in toughness is not suitable for a wire harness. In general, an increase in strength causes a decrease in toughness. When the tensile strength satisfies the above range, both high toughness and high strength can be achieved. The Al alloy wire of the present invention preferably has a 0.2% proof stress of 40 MPa or more. When the tensile strength is the same, the higher the 0.2% proof stress, the higher the fixing force with the terminal portion.
添加元素(種類や含有量)、製造条件(軟化条件など)を適宜調整することで、導電率、伸び、引張強さ、0.2％耐力が上記特定の範囲を満たすAl合金線が得られる。添加元素を少なくしたり、軟化処理時の加熱温度を高くした後に降温速度を遅くすると、導電率及び靭性が高くなる傾向にあり、添加元素を多くしたり、軟化処理時の加熱温度を低くすると、強度や0.2％耐力が高くなる傾向にあり、例えば、引張強さを120MPa以上とすることができる。 By appropriately adjusting additive elements (type and content) and production conditions (softening conditions, etc.), an Al alloy wire satisfying the above specific ranges in electrical conductivity, elongation, tensile strength, and 0.2% proof stress can be obtained. Decreasing additive elements or increasing the heating temperature during the softening process and then slowing down the temperature decrease tends to increase the electrical conductivity and toughness. Increasing the additional elements or decreasing the heating temperature during the softening process The strength and the 0.2% proof stress tend to be high. For example, the tensile strength can be 120 MPa or more.
《形状》
本発明Al合金線は、伸線加工時の加工度(断面減少率)を適宜調整することで、種々の線径(直径)を有することができる。例えば、自動車用ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に利用する場合、線径は0.2mm以上1.5mm以下が好ましい。
"shape"
The Al alloy wire of the present invention can have various wire diameters (diameters) by appropriately adjusting the degree of processing (cross-sectional reduction rate) during wire drawing. For example, when used as a conductor for an electric wire of an automobile wire harness, the wire diameter is preferably 0.2 mm or more and 1.5 mm or less.
また、本発明Al合金線は、伸線加工時のダイス形状によって種々の断面形状を有することができる。断面円形状が代表的であり、その他、楕円形状、矩形や六角形などの多角形状などの断面形状が挙げられる。形状は特に問わない。 Further, the Al alloy wire of the present invention can have various cross-sectional shapes depending on the die shape at the time of wire drawing. A cross-sectional circular shape is typical, and other cross-sectional shapes such as an elliptical shape, a polygonal shape such as a rectangle or a hexagon are listed. The shape is not particularly limited.
[Al合金撚り線]
上記本発明Al合金線は、複数の線材を撚り合わせた撚り線とすることができる。細径の線材であっても撚り合わせることで、強度の高い線材(撚り線)とすることができる。撚り合わせ本数は、特に問わない。例えば、7,11,19,37本が挙げられる。また、本発明Al合金撚り線は、撚り合わせた後、圧縮成形した圧縮線材とすると、撚り合わせた状態よりも線径を小さくすることができる。
[Al alloy stranded wire]
The Al alloy wire of the present invention can be a stranded wire obtained by twisting a plurality of wires. Even a thin wire rod can be made into a high strength wire rod (twisted wire) by twisting together. The number of twists is not particularly limited. For example, 7,11,19,37 are mentioned. In addition, when the Al alloy stranded wire of the present invention is a compression wire rod that has been twisted and then compression-molded, the wire diameter can be made smaller than that of the twisted state.
[被覆電線]
上記本発明Al合金線や本発明Al合金撚り線、圧縮線材は、電線用導体に好適に利用することができる。用途に応じて、このまま導体として使用することもできるし、この導体の外周に絶縁材料により形成した絶縁被覆層を具える被覆電線として使用することもできる。絶縁材料は、適宜選択することができる。例えば、ポリ塩化ビニル(PVC)やノンハロゲン樹脂、難燃性に優れる材料などが挙げられる。絶縁被覆層の厚さは、所望の絶縁強度を考慮して適宜選択することができ、特に限定されない。
[Coated wire]
The said Al alloy wire of this invention, this invention Al alloy strand wire, and a compression wire can be utilized suitably for the conductor for electric wires. Depending on the application, it can be used as a conductor as it is, or it can be used as a covered electric wire having an insulating coating layer formed of an insulating material on the outer periphery of the conductor. The insulating material can be selected as appropriate. For example, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a non-halogen resin, a material excellent in flame retardancy, and the like can be given. The thickness of the insulating coating layer can be appropriately selected in consideration of desired insulation strength, and is not particularly limited.
[ワイヤーハーネス]
上記被覆電線は、ワイヤーハーネスに好適に利用することができる。このとき、被覆電線の端部には、機器などの接続対象に接続できるように端子部が装着される。このワイヤーハーネスは、複数の被覆電線に対して一つの端子部を共有するような電線群を含んでいてもよい。また、このワイヤーハーネスに具える複数の被覆電線は、結束具などにより一纏まりに束ねることで、ハンドリング性に優れる。このワイヤーハーネスは、軽量化が望まれている種々の分野、特に、燃費の向上のために更なる軽量化が望まれている自動車に好適に利用することができる。
[Wire Harness]
The said covered electric wire can be utilized suitably for a wire harness. At this time, a terminal portion is attached to the end portion of the covered electric wire so that it can be connected to a connection target such as a device. This wire harness may include an electric wire group that shares one terminal portion for a plurality of covered electric wires. Moreover, the several covered electric wire provided in this wire harness is excellent in handling property by bundling together with a binding tool etc. This wire harness can be suitably used in various fields where weight reduction is desired, in particular, automobiles where further weight reduction is desired in order to improve fuel efficiency.
[製造方法]
《鋳造工程》
本発明製造方法は、まず、上記特定の組成のAl合金からなる鋳造材を形成する。鋳造は、可動鋳型又は枠状の固定鋳型を用いる連続鋳造、箱状の固定鋳型を用いる金型鋳造(以下、ビレット鋳造と呼ぶ)のいずれも利用することができる。連続鋳造は、溶湯を急冷凝固できるため、微細な結晶組織を有する鋳造材が得られる。また、急冷凝固により、晶析出物を微細にできる上に、この微細な晶析出物が均一的に分散した組織を有する鋳造材が得られる。このような鋳造材を素材にすると、微細な結晶組織を有するAl合金線を製造し易く、結晶の微細化による強度の向上や、微細な晶析出物の分散による靭性の向上を図ることができる。冷却速度は、適宜選択することができるが、1℃/sec以上が好ましく、4℃/sec以上がより好ましい。また、溶湯の固液共存温度域である600〜700℃において冷却速度が20℃/sec以上であることが更に好ましい。例えば、水冷銅鋳型や強制水冷機構などを有する連続鋳造機を用いると、上述のような冷却速度による急冷凝固を実現できる。連続鋳造において上記冷却速度を調整して急冷凝固を行うことで、鋳造後に得られた鋳造材のDAS(Dendrite Arm Spacing)を小さくすることができる。DASは、50μm以下が好ましく、40μm以下がより好ましい。
[Production method]
《Casting process》
In the production method of the present invention, first, a cast material made of an Al alloy having the above specific composition is formed. For casting, either continuous casting using a movable mold or a frame-shaped fixed mold or mold casting using a box-shaped fixed mold (hereinafter referred to as billet casting) can be used. In continuous casting, since the molten metal can be rapidly solidified, a cast material having a fine crystal structure can be obtained. In addition, by rapid solidification, the crystal precipitate can be made fine, and a cast material having a structure in which the fine crystal precipitate is uniformly dispersed is obtained. When such a cast material is used as a raw material, it is easy to produce an Al alloy wire having a fine crystal structure, and it is possible to improve strength by making crystals finer and toughness by dispersing fine crystal precipitates. . The cooling rate can be appropriately selected, but is preferably 1 ° C./sec or more, and more preferably 4 ° C./sec or more. Further, it is more preferable that the cooling rate is 20 ° C./sec or more in the solid-liquid coexisting temperature range of the molten metal at 600 to 700 ° C. For example, when a continuous casting machine having a water-cooled copper mold or a forced water cooling mechanism is used, rapid solidification at the cooling rate as described above can be realized. By performing rapid solidification by adjusting the cooling rate in continuous casting, DAS (Dendrite Arm Spacing) of the cast material obtained after casting can be reduced. DAS is preferably 50 μm or less, and more preferably 40 μm or less.
TiやBを添加する場合、溶湯を鋳型に注湯する直前に添加すると、Tiなどの局所的な沈降を抑制して、Tiなどが均等に混合された鋳造材を製造することができて好ましい。 When adding Ti or B, adding just before pouring the molten metal into the mold is preferable because it suppresses local sedimentation of Ti and the like and can produce a cast material in which Ti and the like are evenly mixed. .
《圧延工程》
次に、上記鋳造材に(熱間)圧延を施し、圧延材を形成する。特に、ビレット鋳造材を用いた場合、鋳造後に均質化処理を行うことが好ましい。
<Rolling process>
Next, the cast material is subjected to (hot) rolling to form a rolled material. In particular, when a billet cast material is used, it is preferable to perform a homogenization treatment after casting.
上記鋳造工程と圧延工程とは、連続的に行うと、鋳造材に蓄積される熱を利用して熱間圧延を容易に行えて、エネルギー効率がよい上に、バッチ式の鋳造方法と比較して、鋳造圧延材の生産性に優れる。 When the above casting process and rolling process are carried out continuously, it is possible to easily perform hot rolling using the heat accumulated in the cast material, and it is energy efficient and compared with a batch casting method. In addition, it is excellent in productivity of cast rolled material.
《伸線工程》
次に、上記圧延材又は連続鋳造圧延材に(冷間)伸線加工を施し、伸線材を形成する。伸線加工度は、所望の線径に応じて適宜選択することができる。得られた伸線材は、所望の本数を用意して撚り合わせ、撚り線とすることもできる。
<Wire drawing process>
Next, the above-mentioned rolled material or continuous cast rolled material is subjected to (cold) wire drawing to form a wire drawing material. The degree of wire drawing can be appropriately selected according to a desired wire diameter. As for the obtained wire drawing material, a desired number can be prepared and twisted together to form a stranded wire.
《軟化処理(最終熱処理)工程》
次に、上記伸線材又は撚り線に軟化処理を施す。軟化処理は、軟化処理後の線材(単線材又は撚り線)の伸びが10％以上となるような条件により行う。伸線後及び撚り合わせ後の双方に軟化処理を施して、最終的な撚り線の伸びが10％以上となるようにしてもよい。この軟化処理は、結晶組織の微細化、及び加工硬化によって高めた線材の強度を極端に低下させることなく軟化して、線材の靭性を高めるために行う。
《Softening (final heat treatment) process》
Next, a softening process is performed to the said wire drawing material or a strand wire. The softening treatment is performed under conditions such that the elongation of the wire (single wire or stranded wire) after the softening treatment is 10% or more. Softening treatment may be performed both after drawing and after twisting so that the final elongation of the stranded wire becomes 10% or more. This softening treatment is performed in order to increase the toughness of the wire by softening without extremely reducing the strength of the wire that has been increased by refinement of the crystal structure and work hardening.
軟化処理は、連続処理又はバッチ処理が利用できる。軟化処理中の雰囲気は、処理中の熱により線材の表面に酸化膜が生成されることを抑制するために、酸素含有量が少ない雰囲気、例えば、大気雰囲気や非酸化性雰囲気が好ましい。非酸化性雰囲気は、例えば、真空雰囲気(減圧雰囲気)、窒素(N2)やアルゴン(Ar)などの不活性ガス雰囲気、水素含有ガス(例えば、水素(H2)のみ、N2,Ar,ヘリウム(He)といった不活性ガスと水素(H2)との混合ガスなど)や炭酸ガス含有ガス(例えば、一酸化炭素(CO)と二酸化炭素(CO2)との混合ガスなど)といった還元ガス雰囲気が挙げられる。 As the softening treatment, a continuous treatment or a batch treatment can be used. The atmosphere during the softening treatment is preferably an atmosphere with a low oxygen content, such as an air atmosphere or a non-oxidizing atmosphere, in order to suppress the formation of an oxide film on the surface of the wire due to heat during the treatment. Non-oxidizing atmospheres include, for example, a vacuum atmosphere (reduced pressure atmosphere), an inert gas atmosphere such as nitrogen (N 2 ) and argon (Ar), a hydrogen-containing gas (for example, hydrogen (H 2 ) only, N 2 , Ar, A reducing gas such as a mixed gas of inert gas such as helium (He) and hydrogen (H 2 ) or a gas containing carbon dioxide (for example, a mixed gas of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2 )) The atmosphere can be mentioned.
＜バッチ処理＞
バッチ処理(光輝軟化処理)は、加熱用容器(雰囲気炉、例えば、箱型炉)内に加熱対象を封入した状態で加熱する処理方法であり、一度の処理量が限られるものの、加熱対象全体の加熱状態を管理し易い処理方法である。バッチ処理では、加熱温度を250℃以上とすることで、線材の伸びを10％以上にすることができる。好ましい条件は、加熱温度:300℃以上500℃以下、保持時間:0.5時間以上6時間以下である。加熱温度が250℃未満では靭性及び導電率が向上し難く、加熱温度が500℃超、又は保持時間が6時間超では、強度が低下する。また、バッチ処理では、加熱温度からの冷却する際の速度、即ち、加熱後の降温速度が50℃/sec以下であることが好ましい。降温速度を比較的遅くして徐冷することで、微細な析出物を比較的多く析出することができる。上記降温速度は、例えば、加熱後直ちに炉内から出すのではなく、加熱後に引き続いて炉内に保存した状態とすることで達成することができる。
<Batch processing>
Batch processing (bright softening processing) is a processing method in which a heating target is enclosed in a heating container (atmosphere furnace, for example, a box furnace), and the heating target is limited, but the entire heating target is limited. It is the processing method which is easy to manage the heating state. In batch processing, the elongation of the wire can be increased to 10% or more by setting the heating temperature to 250 ° C. or higher. Preferred conditions are heating temperature: 300 ° C. or more and 500 ° C. or less, and holding time: 0.5 hour or more and 6 hours or less. If the heating temperature is less than 250 ° C., the toughness and conductivity are difficult to improve, and if the heating temperature exceeds 500 ° C. or the holding time exceeds 6 hours, the strength decreases. In batch processing, the cooling rate from the heating temperature, that is, the cooling rate after heating is preferably 50 ° C./sec or less. A relatively large amount of fine precipitates can be precipitated by slowing down the temperature decreasing rate relatively slowly. The temperature-decreasing rate can be achieved, for example, by not leaving the furnace immediately after the heating, but by continuously storing it in the furnace after the heating.
＜連続処理＞
連続処理は、加熱用容器内に加熱対象を連続的に供給して、加熱対象を連続的に加熱する処理方法であり、1.連続的に加熱できるため作業性に優れる、2.線材の長手方向に均一的に加熱できるため線材の長手方向における特性のばらつきを抑制できる、といった利点がある。特に、電線用導体に利用されるような長尺な線材に軟化処理を施す場合、連続処理が好適に利用できる。連続処理は、加熱対象を抵抗加熱により加熱する直接通電方式(通電連続軟化処理)、加熱対象を高周波数の電磁誘導により加熱する間接通電方式(高周波誘導加熱連続軟化処理)、加熱雰囲気とした加熱用容器(パイプ軟化炉)内に加熱対象を導入して熱伝導により加熱する炉式が挙げられる。連続処理により伸びが10％以上である線材を得るには、例えば、以下のようにする。所望の特性(ここでは、伸び)に関与し得る制御パラメータを適宜変化させて試料に軟化処理を行い、そのときの試料の特性(伸び)を測定し、パラメータ値と測定データとの相関データを予め作成する。この相関データに基づいて、所望の特性(伸び)が得られるようにパラメータを調整する。通電方式の制御パラメータは、容器内への供給速度(線速)、加熱対象の大きさ(線径)、電流値などが挙げられる。炉式の制御パラメータは、容器内への供給速度(線速)、加熱対象の大きさ(線径)、炉の大きさ(パイプ軟化炉の直径)などが挙げられる。伸線機における伸線材の排出側に軟化装置を配置させる場合、線速を数百m/min以上、例えば、400m/min以上とすることで、伸びが10％以上の線材が得られる。また、連続処理では、加熱後の降温速度が50℃/sec以上であることが好ましい。降温速度を比較的速くすることで、微細な析出物の析出を抑制し、当該析出物を比較的少なくすることができる。降温速度の調整は、上述のように線速などを調整することで行える。
<Continuous processing>
Continuous treatment is a treatment method in which the object to be heated is continuously supplied into the heating container, and the object to be heated is continuously heated. There is an advantage that variation in characteristics in the longitudinal direction of the wire can be suppressed because it can be heated uniformly in the direction. In particular, when a softening treatment is performed on a long wire used for a conductor for electric wires, a continuous treatment can be suitably used. Continuous treatment includes direct energization method that heats the object to be heated by resistance heating (continuous energization softening treatment), indirect energization method that heats the object to be heated by high-frequency electromagnetic induction (high frequency induction heating continuous softening treatment), heating in a heated atmosphere A furnace type in which a heating object is introduced into a container (pipe softening furnace) and heated by heat conduction. In order to obtain a wire having an elongation of 10% or more by continuous treatment, for example, the following is performed. The sample is softened by appropriately changing the control parameters that can participate in the desired properties (elongation in this case), the properties (elongation) of the sample are measured, and the correlation data between the parameter values and the measured data are obtained. Create in advance. Based on this correlation data, parameters are adjusted so that a desired characteristic (elongation) is obtained. The control parameters of the energization method include the supply speed (wire speed) into the container, the size of the object to be heated (wire diameter), the current value, and the like. The furnace-type control parameters include the supply speed (linear speed) into the vessel, the size of the object to be heated (wire diameter), the size of the furnace (diameter of the pipe softening furnace), and the like. When the softening device is disposed on the wire drawing material discharge side in the wire drawing machine, a wire having an elongation of 10% or more can be obtained by setting the drawing speed to several hundred m / min or more, for example, 400 m / min or more. In the continuous treatment, it is preferable that the temperature lowering rate after heating is 50 ° C./sec or more. By making the temperature lowering rate relatively fast, precipitation of fine precipitates can be suppressed and the precipitates can be made relatively small. The temperature lowering rate can be adjusted by adjusting the linear velocity or the like as described above.
《その他の工程》
本発明製造方法は、更に、複数の上記伸線材又は軟材を撚り合わせて撚り線を形成する工程と、上記撚り線を圧縮成形して所定の線径の圧縮線材を形成する工程とを具えることで、圧縮線材を製造することができる。このとき、軟化処理は、撚り合わせ前の伸線材のみに施してもよいし、撚り合わせ前後の双方で行ってもよいし、撚り合わせ前の伸線材に施さず、撚り線や圧縮線材にのみ施してもよい。撚り合わせ前に所定の伸びを有する軟材を作製し、この軟材により圧縮線材を形成する場合や撚り合せた後に所定の伸びを有する撚り線(軟材)により圧縮線材を形成する場合、圧縮後に軟化処理を施さなくてもよい。得られた圧縮線材に上述の絶縁被覆層を形成することで、被覆電線を製造することができる。得られた被覆電線の端部に端子部を装着し、複数の端子部付きの被覆電線を束ねることで、ワイヤーハーネスを製造することができる。
<< Other processes >>
The manufacturing method of the present invention further includes a step of forming a stranded wire by twisting a plurality of the above-mentioned wire drawing materials or soft materials, and a step of compression-molding the stranded wire to form a compressed wire material having a predetermined wire diameter. The compressed wire can be manufactured. At this time, the softening treatment may be performed only on the wire drawing material before twisting, may be performed both before and after twisting, or not on the wire drawing material before twisting, and only on the twisted wire and the compression wire. You may give it. When producing a soft material having a predetermined elongation before twisting and forming a compressed wire with this soft material or when forming a compressed wire with a twisted wire (soft material) having a predetermined elongation after twisting, compression It is not necessary to perform the softening process later. A covered electric wire can be manufactured by forming the above-mentioned insulating coating layer on the obtained compressed wire. A wire harness can be manufactured by attaching a terminal part to the end part of the obtained covered electric wire and bundling a plurality of covered electric wires with terminal parts.
本発明Al合金線、本発明Al合金撚り線、本発明被覆電線、及び本発明Al合金は、高強度かつ高靭性であり、導電率も高い。また、本発明ワイヤーハーネスは、強度、靭性、導電率をバランスよく具え、かつ軽量である。本発明製造方法は、上記本発明Al合金線を生産性よく製造できる。 The Al alloy wire of the present invention, the twisted Al alloy wire of the present invention, the coated wire of the present invention, and the Al alloy of the present invention have high strength and high toughness, and also have high electrical conductivity. The wire harness of the present invention has a good balance of strength, toughness and electrical conductivity, and is lightweight. The production method of the present invention can produce the Al alloy wire of the present invention with high productivity.
Al合金線を作製し、更にこのAl合金線を用いて被覆電線を作製し、Al合金線、及び被覆電線の種々の特性を調べた。被覆電線は、鋳造→圧延→伸線→撚り線→圧縮→軟化→絶縁被覆層の形成という手順で作製する。 An Al alloy wire was produced, and further, a covered electric wire was produced using the Al alloy wire, and various characteristics of the Al alloy wire and the covered electric wire were examined. The covered electric wire is produced by a procedure of casting, rolling, wire drawing, stranded wire, compression, softening, and formation of an insulating coating layer.
[Al合金線の特性]
まず、Al合金線を作製する。ベースとして純アルミニウム(99.7質量％以上Al)を用意して溶解し、得られた溶湯(溶融アルミニウム)に表1に示す添加元素を表1に示す含有量となるように投入して、Al合金溶湯を作製する。成分調整を行ったAl合金溶湯は、適宜、水素ガス除去処理や、異物除去処理を行うことが望ましい。
[Characteristics of Al alloy wire]
First, an Al alloy wire is produced. Prepare pure aluminum (99.7% by mass or more Al) as a base, melt it, and add the additive elements shown in Table 1 to the resulting molten metal (molten aluminum) so as to have the contents shown in Table 1, to obtain an Al alloy. Make molten metal. It is desirable that the Al alloy molten metal whose components have been adjusted is appropriately subjected to a hydrogen gas removal treatment or a foreign matter removal treatment.
ベルト-ホイール式の連続鋳造圧延機を用いて、用意したAl合金溶湯に鋳造及び熱間圧延を連続的に施し、φ9.5mmのワイヤーロッド(連続鋳造圧延材)を作製する。上記連続鋳造は、冷却機構などを調整して、冷却速度を4.5℃/secとし、得られた鋳造材のDASを、組織写真を用いて測定したところ、20μm程度であった。又は、所定の固定鋳型に上記Al合金溶湯を注湯して冷却してビレット鋳造材を作製し、この鋳造材に均質化処理を施した後、熱間圧延を行って、φ9.5mmのワイヤーロッド(圧延材)を作製する。Ti、又はTi及びBを含有する試料は、表1に示す含有量となるように、鋳造直前のAl合金溶湯にTi粒又はTiB2ワイヤを供給する。 Using a belt-wheel type continuous casting and rolling machine, the prepared molten Al alloy is continuously cast and hot-rolled to produce a φ9.5 mm wire rod (continuously cast rolled material). In the continuous casting, the cooling mechanism was adjusted to a cooling rate of 4.5 ° C./sec, and the DAS of the obtained cast material was measured using a structural photograph, and was about 20 μm. Alternatively, the molten aluminum alloy is poured into a predetermined fixed mold and cooled to produce a billet cast material. After homogenizing the cast material, hot rolling is performed to obtain a φ9.5 mm wire. A rod (rolled material) is produced. For the sample containing Ti or Ti and B, Ti grains or TiB 2 wires are supplied to the molten Al alloy just before casting so that the content shown in Table 1 is obtained.
上記ワイヤーロッドに冷間伸線加工を施して、線径φ0.3mmの伸線材を作製する。得られた伸線材に、表1に示す軟化処理を施して軟材(Al合金線)を作製する。軟化処理は、箱型炉を用い、表1に示す雰囲気及び加熱温度によるバッチ処理(軟化処理の保持時間はいずれも3時間、降温速度:0.02℃/sec)、又は表1に示す雰囲気による高周波誘導加熱方式の連続処理(線速:500m/min,電流値:200A、降温速度:500℃/sec)とした。ここでは、試料No.1-2,1-3に連続処理を施し、試料No.1-2,1-3以外の試料であって軟化処理を施した試料には、バッチ処理を施した。また、連続処理において温度は、非接触赤外温度計にて測定した。比較として、伸線後に軟化処理を施していない未処理材(試料No.1-102,1-112)も用意した。 The wire rod is subjected to cold wire drawing to produce a wire drawing material having a wire diameter of φ0.3 mm. The obtained wire is subjected to the softening treatment shown in Table 1 to produce a soft material (Al alloy wire). Softening treatment uses a box furnace, batch treatment with the atmosphere and heating temperature shown in Table 1 (softening treatment holding time is 3 hours, cooling rate: 0.02 ° C / sec), or high frequency with atmosphere shown in Table 1 Induction heating type continuous treatment (linear speed: 500 m / min, current value: 200 A, temperature drop rate: 500 ° C./sec) was adopted. Here, sample Nos. 1-2 and 1-3 were subjected to continuous treatment, and samples other than sample Nos. 1-2 and 1-3 and subjected to softening treatment were subjected to batch treatment. In the continuous treatment, the temperature was measured with a non-contact infrared thermometer. As a comparison, untreated materials (sample Nos. 1-102, 1-112) that were not softened after wire drawing were also prepared.
得られた線径φ0.3mmの軟材及び未処理材について、引張強さ(MPa)、伸び(％)、0.2％耐力、導電率(％IACS)を測定した。その結果を表2に示す。 Tensile strength (MPa), elongation (%), 0.2% proof stress, and electrical conductivity (% IACS) were measured for the obtained soft and untreated materials having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm. The results are shown in Table 2.
引張強さ(MPa)、伸び(％、破断伸び)、及び0.2％耐力は、JIS Z 2241(金属材料引張試験方法、1998)に準拠して、汎用の引張試験機を用いて測定した。導電率(％IACS)は、ブリッジ法により測定した。 Tensile strength (MPa), elongation (%, elongation at break), and 0.2% proof stress were measured using a general-purpose tensile tester in accordance with JIS Z 2241 (metal material tensile test method, 1998). The conductivity (% IACS) was measured by the bridge method.
表1に示すように、特定の組成のAl-Fe系合金からなり、軟化処理を施した試料No.1-1〜1-4,1-11〜1-16,1-21〜1-26は、導電率が58％IACS以上であり、かつ伸びが10％以上である上に、0.2％耐力が40MPa以上、引張強さが110MPa以上である。即ち、試料No.1-1〜1-4,1-11〜1-16,1-21〜1-26は、高導電率、高靭性であるだけでなく、高強度である。特に、Feに加えて、Mg、Si、Cu、Zn、Ni、Mn、Ag、Cr、及びZrから選択される1種以上の添加元素を含有すると、強度が高くなり易く、Mgに加えて更にMn,Ni,Zr,Agを添加したり、Cuに加えて更にMgやSi、Mg及びSiの双方を添加すると、強度がより高い。また、同じ組成の試料を比較すると、連続鋳造圧延を行った試料は、ビレット鋳造を行った試料よりも伸びが高い傾向にあり、組成によっては25％以上であり、靭性に優れる。 As shown in Table 1, sample Nos. 1-1 to 1-4, 1-11 to 1-16, 1-21 to 1-26 made of an Al-Fe alloy with a specific composition and softened Has an electrical conductivity of 58% IACS or more, an elongation of 10% or more, a 0.2% proof stress of 40 MPa or more, and a tensile strength of 110 MPa or more. That is, Sample Nos. 1-1 to 1-4, 1-11 to 1-16, and 1-21 to 1-26 have not only high conductivity and high toughness but also high strength. In particular, when containing one or more additive elements selected from Mg, Si, Cu, Zn, Ni, Mn, Ag, Cr, and Zr in addition to Fe, the strength tends to increase, and in addition to Mg, When Mn, Ni, Zr, Ag is added, or when both Mg, Si, Mg, and Si are added in addition to Cu, the strength is higher. In addition, when samples having the same composition are compared, a sample subjected to continuous casting and rolling tends to have a higher elongation than a sample subjected to billet casting, and is 25% or more depending on the composition and is excellent in toughness.
これに対し、軟化処理を施していない試料No.1-102,1-112は、高強度であるものの、伸びが非常に低く、靭性に劣る上に、導電率が低い。また、軟化処理を施しても、特定の組成でない試料、具体的にはFeやその他の添加元素が多いNo.1-101,1-111は、高強度であるものの、伸び及び導電率が低い。 On the other hand, Samples Nos. 1-102 and 1-112 not subjected to softening treatment have high strength, but have very low elongation, poor toughness, and low conductivity. In addition, even if softening is performed, samples with no specific composition, specifically No. 1-101 and 1-111 with a lot of Fe and other additive elements, are high in strength but low in elongation and conductivity. .
[軟化処理条件(温度)と特性]
軟化処理の条件を変えた試料を作製し、得られた試料について導電率(％)及び引張強さ(MPa)を調べた。その結果を図1,2に示す。ここでは、試料No.1-12(図1),試料No.1-22(図2)の組成を有する線径φ0.3mmの伸線材に軟化処理を施した。軟化処理は、箱型炉を用いたバッチ処理(還元ガス雰囲気、降温速度:0.02℃/sec)とし、加熱温度(軟化温度)を200〜400℃の範囲で適宜選択して伸線材に施した(保持時間:3時間)。
[Softening conditions (temperature) and characteristics]
Samples with different softening conditions were prepared, and the electrical conductivity (%) and tensile strength (MPa) of the obtained samples were examined. The results are shown in Figs. Here, a wire drawing material having a composition of sample No. 1-12 (FIG. 1) and sample No. 1-22 (FIG. 2) and having a wire diameter of 0.3 mm was subjected to softening treatment. The softening treatment was a batch treatment using a box furnace (reducing gas atmosphere, temperature drop rate: 0.02 ° C / sec), and the heating temperature (softening temperature) was appropriately selected in the range of 200 to 400 ° C and applied to the wire drawing material. (Retention time: 3 hours).
図1,2に示すように加熱温度を250℃以上として軟化処理を施すことで、導電率が58％IACS以上で、引張強さが120MPa以上の軟材が得られることが分かる。200℃では、引張強さが高過ぎて伸びが小さくなり、靭性に劣ると考えられる。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, it can be seen that a soft material having a conductivity of 58% IACS or more and a tensile strength of 120 MPa or more can be obtained by applying a softening treatment at a heating temperature of 250 ° C. or more. At 200 ° C., the tensile strength is too high, the elongation becomes small, and it is considered that the toughness is poor.
[軟材の組織]
図3は、作製した軟材の断面の透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)写真(45000倍)であり、図3(1)は試料No.1-1(バッチ軟化処理),図3(2)は試料No.1-2(連続軟化処理)を示す。図3において、濃い灰色の小さい粒は、析出物であり、黒く比較的大きな粒(円相当径が200nmを超えるような粒)は、晶出物である。図3(2)に示すように、連続軟化処理を施した試料は、円相当径が100nm以下である微細な析出物が少なく、図3(1)に示すように、バッチ軟化処理を施した試料は、円相当径が100nm以下である微細な析出物が連続軟化処理を行った試料よりも多いことが分かる。一つの断面について、2400nm×2600nmの観察視野を3個とり、各観察視野中に存在する円相当径100nm以下の析出物の数を測定したところ、連続軟化処理を行った試料は、上記観察視野中の100nm以下の析出物の数(3個の観察視野における平均数)が3個(10個以下)であり、バッチ軟化処理を行った試料は、18個(10個超20個以下)であった。なお、析出物の大きさ(円相当径)は、顕微鏡写真を画像処理し、析出物の面積を円に換算したときの直径としている。
[Softwood structure]
Fig. 3 is a transmission electron microscope (TEM) photograph (45,000 times) of the cross section of the soft material produced, Fig. 3 (1) is sample No. 1-1 (batch softening treatment), and Fig. 3 (2) is Sample No. 1-2 (continuous softening treatment) is shown. In FIG. 3, dark gray small grains are precipitates, and black relatively large grains (grains having an equivalent circle diameter exceeding 200 nm) are crystallized substances. As shown in FIG. 3 (2), the sample subjected to the continuous softening treatment has few fine precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter of 100 nm or less, and the sample subjected to the batch softening treatment as shown in FIG. 3 (1). It can be seen that the sample has more fine precipitates having an equivalent circle diameter of 100 nm or less than the sample subjected to the continuous softening treatment. For one cross section, three observation fields of 2400 nm × 2600 nm were taken, and the number of precipitates with an equivalent circle diameter of 100 nm or less present in each observation field was measured. The number of precipitates of 100 nm or less (average number in three observation fields) was 3 (10 or less), and 18 samples (over 10 and 20 or less) were subjected to the batch softening treatment. The size of the precipitate (equivalent circle diameter) is the diameter when the micrograph is image-processed and the area of the precipitate is converted into a circle.
[被覆電線の特性]
上述のように特定の組成のAl-Fe系合金からなり、軟化処理を施したAl合金線は、ワイヤーハーネスの電線用導体に好適に利用できると期待される。そこで、被覆電線を作製して、その機械的特性を調べた。
[Characteristics of coated wire]
As described above, an Al alloy wire made of an Al—Fe-based alloy having a specific composition and subjected to a softening treatment is expected to be suitably used as a conductor for an electric wire of a wire harness. Then, the covered electric wire was produced and the mechanical characteristic was investigated.
上述のようにして作製した線径φ0.3mmの伸線材(組成:表1参照)を複数本撚り合わせて、撚り線を作製する。ここでは、内側3本、外側8本の合計11本の伸線材を撚り合わせた後、断面外形が円形状となるように圧縮加工を施し、0.75mm2の圧縮線材を作製する。得られた圧縮線材に、表1に示す雰囲気及び加熱温度により、上述した線径φ0.3mmの伸線材に施した軟化処理と基本的に同様の条件で軟化処理(箱型炉を用いたバッチ処理、又は高周波誘導加熱方式の連続処理)を施す。得られた軟材の外周に、絶縁材料(ここでは、ハロゲンフリー絶縁材料)により、絶縁被覆層(厚さ0.2mm)を形成して、被覆電線を作製する。比較として、伸線材を撚り合わせて圧縮した圧縮線材に軟化処理を施していない未処理材(試料No.2-102,2-112)も用意した。 A plurality of wiredrawing materials (composition: see Table 1) having a wire diameter of φ0.3 mm produced as described above are twisted together to produce a stranded wire. Here, after a total of 11 wire drawing materials, 3 inside and 8 outside, are twisted together, compression processing is performed so that the cross-sectional outer shape becomes a circular shape, thereby producing a 0.75 mm 2 compressed wire. The obtained compressed wire was softened (batch using a box furnace) under the same conditions as the softening treatment applied to the drawn wire with a wire diameter of φ0.3 mm described above by the atmosphere and heating temperature shown in Table 1. Treatment or high-frequency induction heating type continuous treatment). An insulating coating layer (thickness: 0.2 mm) is formed on the outer periphery of the obtained soft material with an insulating material (here, a halogen-free insulating material) to produce a coated electric wire. As a comparison, untreated materials (Sample Nos. 2-102 and 2-112) in which the compressed wire obtained by twisting and compressing the drawn wires was not softened were also prepared.
得られた被覆電線について、耐衝撃性(J/m)、端子固着力(N)を調べた。その結果を表3に示す。 The obtained coated wire was examined for impact resistance (J / m) and terminal fixing force (N). The results are shown in Table 3.
耐衝撃性(J/m又は(N・m)/m)は、以下のように評価した。図4は、耐衝撃性試験の試験方法を説明する説明図である。試料S(評点間距離L:1m)の先端に錘wを取り付け(図4(1))、この錘wを1m上方に持ち上げた後、自由落下させる(図4(2))。そして、試料Sが断線しない最大の錘wの重量(kg)を測定し、この重量に重力加速度(9.8m/s2)と落下距離1mとをかけた積値を落下距離で割った値を耐衝撃性(J/m又は(N・m)/m)として評価する。 The impact resistance (J / m or (N · m) / m) was evaluated as follows. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a test method of an impact resistance test. A weight w is attached to the tip of the sample S (inter-score distance L: 1 m) (FIG. 4 (1)), the weight w is lifted upward by 1 m, and then dropped freely (FIG. 4 (2)). Then, measure the weight (kg) of the maximum weight w that the sample S does not break, and divide the product of the weight multiplied by the gravitational acceleration (9.8m / s 2 ) and the drop distance 1m by the drop distance. Evaluated as impact resistance (J / m or (N · m) / m).
端子固着力(N)は、以下のように評価した。図5は、端子固着力試験の試験方法を説明する説明図である。撚り線1の外周に絶縁被覆層2を具える試料Sの両端の被覆層2を剥いで、撚り線1を露出させる。一端側の撚り線1に端子部3を取り付け、この端子部3を端子チャック20で挟持する。他端側の撚り線1を線材チャック21で挟持する。汎用の引張試験機を用いて、チャック20,21で両端を挟持した試料Sの破断時の最大荷重(N)を測定し、この最大荷重(N)を端子固着力(N)として評価する。 The terminal fixing force (N) was evaluated as follows. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for explaining a test method of a terminal adhering force test. The coating layer 2 at both ends of the sample S having the insulating coating layer 2 on the outer periphery of the stranded wire 1 is peeled off to expose the stranded wire 1. A terminal portion 3 is attached to the stranded wire 1 on one end side, and the terminal portion 3 is sandwiched by a terminal chuck 20. The stranded wire 1 on the other end side is clamped by the wire rod chuck 21. Using a general-purpose tensile tester, the maximum load (N) at the time of fracture of the sample S sandwiched at both ends by the chucks 20 and 21 is measured, and this maximum load (N) is evaluated as the terminal fixing force (N).
表3に示すように、特定の組成のAl-Fe系合金からなり、軟化処理を施した撚り線を用いた試料No.2-1〜2-4,2-11〜2-16,2-21〜2-26の被覆電線は、耐衝撃性に優れ、端子部との接続強度も高いことが分かる。 As shown in Table 3, sample Nos. 2-1 to 2-4, 2-11 to 2-16, 2-, made of a twisted wire made of an Al-Fe alloy having a specific composition and subjected to a softening treatment It can be seen that the covered electric wires of 21 to 2-26 have excellent impact resistance and high connection strength with the terminal portion.
[軟化処理条件(方式)と特性]
軟化処理として、バッチ処理を行ったAl合金線と、連続処理を行ったAl合金線とを作製し、耐食性、機械的特性を調べた。
[Softening conditions (method) and characteristics]
As the softening treatment, an Al alloy wire subjected to batch treatment and an Al alloy wire subjected to continuous treatment were produced, and corrosion resistance and mechanical properties were examined.
Al合金線は、上述のφ0.3mmのAl合金線と同様にして作製した。即ち、上記と同様の純アルミニウムの溶湯に表4に示す添加元素を表4に示す含有量となるように投入してAl合金溶湯を作製し、ベルト-ホイール式の連続鋳造圧延機によりφ9.5mmのワイヤーロッドを作製する(鋳造時の冷却速度:4.5℃/sec、鋳造材のDAS:20μm程度)。このワイヤーロッドに冷間伸線加工を施して、線径φ0.3mmの伸線材を作製し、表4に示す条件で軟化処理(バッチ処理(光輝軟化処理)又は連続処理)を施して、φ0.3mmの軟材(単線)を得る。このときのバッチ処理の条件は、基本的に試料No.1-1又は試料No.1-11と同様とし、連続処理の条件は、試料No.1-2と同様とした。また、得られた線径φ0.3mmの伸線材を11本撚り合せた後、0.75mm2の圧縮線材を作製し、得られた圧縮線材に、表4に示す条件で軟化処理(バッチ処理又は連続処理)を施し、0.75mm2の軟材(圧縮線材)を得る。このときのバッチ処理の条件は、基本的に試料No.2-1又は試料No.2-11と同様とし、連続処理の条件は、試料No.2-2と同様とした。 The Al alloy wire was produced in the same manner as the above-described φ0.3 mm Al alloy wire. That is, by adding the additive elements shown in Table 4 to the same pure aluminum melt as described above so as to have the content shown in Table 4, a molten Al alloy was prepared, and φ9. A 5mm wire rod is manufactured (cooling rate during casting: 4.5 ° C / sec, DAS of cast material: about 20μm). This wire rod is subjected to cold wire drawing to produce a wire drawing material having a wire diameter of φ0.3 mm, and subjected to softening treatment (batch treatment (bright softening treatment) or continuous treatment) under the conditions shown in Table 4, φ0 Get 3mm softwood (single wire). The batch processing conditions at this time were basically the same as those of Sample No. 1-1 or Sample No. 1-11, and the continuous processing conditions were the same as those of Sample No. 1-2. Further, after twisting 11 obtained wire rods with a wire diameter of φ0.3 mm, a 0.75 mm 2 compressed wire was produced, and the obtained compressed wire was softened under the conditions shown in Table 4 (batch treatment or Continuous treatment) to obtain a 0.75 mm 2 soft material (compressed wire). The batch processing conditions at this time were basically the same as those of Sample No. 2-1 or Sample No. 2-11, and the continuous processing conditions were the same as those of Sample No. 2-2.
得られた軟材に、上述と同様にして、引張強さ(MPa)、0.2％耐力、伸び(％、破断伸び)、導電率(％IACS)、耐衝撃性(J/m)、端子固着力(N)を調べた。その結果を表5に示す。 In the same manner as described above, the obtained soft material was subjected to tensile strength (MPa), 0.2% proof stress, elongation (%, elongation at break), conductivity (% IACS), impact resistance (J / m), terminal fixation. The wearing power (N) was examined. The results are shown in Table 5.
上述した線径φ0.3mmの伸線材を作製する途中に得られる線径φ1.0mmの伸線材に対して、φ0.3mmの軟材に施した軟化処理と同様にして表4に示す軟化処理を施した軟材を作製し、この軟材を試料として、孔食電位(V)及び保護電位(V)を測定した。その結果を表5に示す。 The softening treatment shown in Table 4 is the same as the softening treatment applied to the φ0.3 mm soft material for the wire diameter φ1.0 mm drawn wire obtained in the course of producing the wire diameter φ0.3 mm described above. The pitting corrosion potential (V) and the protective potential (V) were measured using the soft material as a sample. The results are shown in Table 5.
孔食電位及び保護電位は、以下のようにして測定した。まず、5質量％NaOH水溶液(60℃)に試料を所定時間(1分間)浸漬して、不動態被膜を除去する。次に、50質量％HNO3水溶液に試料を所定時間(約10秒間)浸漬して、洗浄及び中和した後、水洗いする。この洗浄した試料を電解液(5質量％NaCl水溶液)に浸漬して、所定の時間、一定の電圧を印加して還元する(-1.5V、5分間)。その後、電位を掃引していき、孔食電位及び保護電位の測定を実施する。この測定は、三電極方式の電気化学測定セルを構成して行う。このセルは、電解液が注入される容器と、電解液に浸漬される基準電極(RE):Ag/AgCl、対極(CE):Pt、及び測定対象となる試料とを具える。これらRE、CE及び試料の一端をそれぞれ、市販のポテンショスタット/ガルバノスタット装置に接続させ、上述のように一定の電位を印加して電流の変化を測定する。ここでは、孔食電位は、電流が100μA/cm2となった後、電流が増大し続けるときの電位とし、保護電位は、電流が1mA/cm2となった時点で電位を逆方向(ここでは、カソード方向)に掃引し、電流がゼロになる電位とする。孔食電位の絶対値が小さいほど、また、保護電位の絶対値が小さいほど、孔食が少ない、即ち、耐食性に優れると言える。 The pitting potential and the protective potential were measured as follows. First, the sample is immersed in a 5% by mass NaOH aqueous solution (60 ° C.) for a predetermined time (1 minute) to remove the passive film. Next, the sample is immersed in a 50 mass% HNO 3 aqueous solution for a predetermined time (about 10 seconds), washed and neutralized, and then washed with water. The washed sample is immersed in an electrolytic solution (5 mass% NaCl aqueous solution), and is reduced by applying a constant voltage for a predetermined time (−1.5 V, 5 minutes). Thereafter, the potential is swept, and the pitting corrosion potential and the protective potential are measured. This measurement is performed by configuring a three-electrode electrochemical measurement cell. This cell includes a container into which an electrolytic solution is injected, a reference electrode (RE) that is immersed in the electrolytic solution: Ag / AgCl, a counter electrode (CE): Pt, and a sample to be measured. One end of each of these RE, CE, and sample is connected to a commercially available potentiostat / galvanostat device, and a change in current is measured by applying a constant potential as described above. Here, the pitting potential is the potential at which the current continues to increase after the current reaches 100 μA / cm 2, and the protective potential is the reverse of the potential when the current reaches 1 mA / cm 2 (here Then, the potential is swept in the cathode direction) so that the current becomes zero. It can be said that the smaller the absolute value of the pitting potential and the smaller the absolute value of the protective potential, the smaller the pitting corrosion, that is, the better the corrosion resistance.
表5に示すように、特定の組成のAl-Fe系合金からなり、軟化処理を施したAl合金線は、導電率が58％IACS以上、伸びが10％以上、0.2％耐力が40MPa以上、引張強さが110MPa以上であり、高導電率、高靭性、高強度である上に、耐衝撃性にも優れ、端子部との接続強度も高い。特に、同じ組成の試料を比較すると、バッチ軟化処理を行った試料は、連続軟化処理を行った試料よりも、導電率や伸び、強度、耐衝撃性といった機械的特性に優れる傾向にあることが分かる。一方、同じ組成の試料を比較すると、連続軟化処理を行った試料は、バッチ軟化処理を行った試料よりも、孔食電位の絶対値や保護電位の絶対値が小さく、耐食性に優れる傾向にあることが分かる。また、例えば、表5の試料No.15,16を比較することで、引張強さが同程度であっても、0.2％耐力が高いと、端子固着力が高くなる傾向にあることが分かる。 As shown in Table 5, an Al alloy wire made of an Al-Fe alloy with a specific composition and subjected to softening treatment has an electrical conductivity of 58% IACS or more, elongation of 10% or more, 0.2% proof stress of 40 MPa or more, It has a tensile strength of 110 MPa or more, high conductivity, high toughness, high strength, excellent impact resistance, and high connection strength with the terminal. In particular, when comparing samples having the same composition, the sample subjected to the batch softening treatment may tend to have better mechanical properties such as conductivity, elongation, strength, and impact resistance than the sample subjected to the continuous softening treatment. I understand. On the other hand, when comparing samples having the same composition, the samples subjected to the continuous softening treatment tend to have a smaller absolute value of the pitting corrosion potential and the absolute value of the protective potential and superior corrosion resistance than the samples subjected to the batch softening treatment. I understand that. Further, for example, by comparing Sample Nos. 15 and 16 in Table 5, it can be seen that even if the tensile strength is the same, if the 0.2% proof stress is high, the terminal fixing force tends to increase.
上述のように特定の組成のAl-Fe系合金からなり、軟化処理を施したAl合金線を用いた被覆電線は、高導電率、高靭性、高強度であり、端子部との接続強度、及び耐衝撃性にも優れる。従って、この被覆電線は、ワイヤーハーネス、特に自動車用ワイヤーハーネスに好適に利用できると期待される。 As described above, a coated electric wire using an Al alloy wire made of an Al-Fe-based alloy having a specific composition and subjected to a softening treatment has high conductivity, high toughness, and high strength, and connection strength with a terminal portion. Excellent impact resistance. Therefore, it is expected that this covered electric wire can be suitably used for a wire harness, particularly an automobile wire harness.
なお、上述した実施形態は、本発明の要旨を逸脱することなく、適宜変更することが可能であり、上述した構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、Fe,Cu,Mg,Si,Zn,Ni,Mn,Ag,Cr,Zrの含有量を特定の範囲で変化させてもよい。また、素線の大きさや形状、撚り線の本数を変更してもよい。 The above-described embodiment can be appropriately changed without departing from the gist of the present invention, and is not limited to the above-described configuration. For example, the contents of Fe, Cu, Mg, Si, Zn, Ni, Mn, Ag, Cr, and Zr may be changed within a specific range. Moreover, you may change the magnitude | size and shape of a strand, and the number of strands.
本発明ワイヤーハーネスは、軽量で、かつ高強度、高靭性、高導電率が望まれる用途、例えば、自動車の配線に好適に利用することができる。このワイヤーハーネスの電線、或いは電線用導体に、本発明被覆電線、或いは本発明アルミニウム合金線、本発明アルミニウム撚り線を好適に利用することができる。また、本発明アルミニウム合金線の製造方法は、上記本発明アルミニウム合金線の製造に好適に利用することができる。 The wire harness of the present invention can be suitably used for applications that are lightweight and require high strength, high toughness, and high conductivity, for example, automobile wiring. The coated wire according to the present invention, the aluminum alloy wire according to the present invention, or the aluminum twisted wire according to the present invention can be suitably used for the electric wire of the wire harness or the conductor for the electric wire. Moreover, the manufacturing method of this invention aluminum alloy wire can be utilized suitably for manufacture of the said this invention aluminum alloy wire.
1 撚り線 2 絶縁被覆層 3 端子部
S 試料 w 錘 20 端子チャック 21 線材チャック
1 Stranded wire 2 Insulation coating layer 3 Terminal area
S Specimen w Weight 20 Terminal chuck 21 Wire material chuck
Claims (23)
Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物からなり、
導電率が58％IACS以上であり、
伸びが10％以上であることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金線。 An aluminum alloy wire used for a conductor,
Fe is contained 0.005 mass% or more and 2.2 mass% or less, and the balance consists of Al and impurities,
Conductivity is 58% IACS or higher,
An aluminum alloy wire characterized by an elongation of 10% or more.
(1) 質量％で、Feを0.90％以上1.20％以下、Mgを0.10％以上0.25％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(2) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Mgを0.05％以上0.5％以下、Mn,Ni,Zr,Zn,Cr,及びAgから選択される1種以上の元素を合計で0.005％以上0.2％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(3) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Cuを0.05％以上0.5％以下含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。
(4) 質量％で、Feを1.01％以上2.2％以下、Cuを0.05％以上0.5％以下含有し、更にMgを0.1％以上0.5％以下及びSiを0.05％以上0.3％以下の少なくとも1種を含有し、残部がAl及び不純物。 3. The aluminum alloy wire according to claim 2, wherein the aluminum alloy wire has a composition of any one of the following (1) to (4).
(1) By mass%, Fe is 0.90% or more and 1.20% or less, Mg is 0.10% or more and 0.25% or less, and the balance is Al and impurities.
(2) By mass%, Fe is 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Mg is 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, and one or more elements selected from Mn, Ni, Zr, Zn, Cr, and Ag in total 0.005 % And 0.2% or less, the balance being Al and impurities.
(3) By mass%, Fe is 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Cu is 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, and the balance is Al and impurities.
(4) At least 1 type of Fe containing 1.01% or more and 2.2% or less, Cu containing 0.05% or more and 0.5% or less, Mg containing 0.1% or more and 0.5% or less, and Si containing 0.05% or more and 0.3% or less. Contains, the balance being Al and impurities.
質量割合で、Tiの含有量は、100ppm以上500ppm以下、Bの含有量は、10ppm以上50ppm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金線。 Furthermore, containing at least one of Ti and B,
The aluminum alloy wire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the Ti content is 100 ppm to 500 ppm and the B content is 10 ppm to 50 ppm in terms of mass ratio.
Feを0.005質量％以上2.2質量％以下含有し、残部がAlからなるアルミニウム合金の溶湯を鋳造して鋳造材を形成する工程と、
前記鋳造材に圧延を施して圧延材を形成する工程と、
前記圧延材に伸線加工を施して伸線材を形成する工程と、
前記伸線材に軟化処理を施して軟材を形成する工程とを具え、
前記軟化処理は、この軟化処理後の線材の伸びが10％以上となるように前記伸線材に施すことを特徴とするアルミニウム合金線の製造方法。 A method for producing an aluminum alloy wire used for a conductor,
A step of forming a cast material by casting a molten aluminum alloy containing Fe in an amount of 0.005 mass% to 2.2 mass% with the balance being Al;
Rolling the cast material to form a rolled material;
Applying a wire drawing process to the rolled material to form a wire drawing material;
Comprising a step of softening the wire drawing material to form a soft material,
The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire, wherein the softening treatment is performed on the wire drawing material so that the elongation of the wire material after the softening treatment is 10% or more.
前記撚り線を圧縮成形して所定の線径の圧縮線材を形成する工程とを具え、
前記圧縮線材に軟化処理を施すことを特徴とする請求項14〜21のいずれか1項に記載のアルミニウム合金線の製造方法。 A step of twisting a plurality of the wire drawing materials or soft materials to form a stranded wire;
A step of compression-molding the stranded wire to form a compressed wire having a predetermined wire diameter,
The method for producing an aluminum alloy wire according to any one of claims 14 to 21, wherein the compressed wire is subjected to a softening treatment.
導電率が58％IACS以上であり、
伸びが10％以上であることを特徴とするアルミニウム合金。 Fe is contained 0.005 mass% or more and 2.2 mass% or less, and the balance consists of Al and impurities,
Conductivity is 58% IACS or higher,
An aluminum alloy characterized by an elongation of 10% or more.
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| JP2013004327A Active JP5520397B2 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2013-01-15 | Aluminum alloy wire |
| JP2014076657A Active JP5778818B2 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2014-04-03 | Aluminum alloy wire |
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| JP2012097408A Active JP5021855B1 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2012-04-23 | Aluminum alloy stranded wire |
| JP2012133675A Active JP5066300B1 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2012-06-13 | Aluminum alloy stranded wire for wire harness |
| JP2012177409A Active JP5100913B1 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2012-08-09 | Aluminum alloy stranded wire for wire harness |
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| JP2012248043A Active JP5185466B1 (en) | 2008-08-11 | 2012-11-12 | Aluminum alloy stranded wire for wire harness, covered electric wire, and wire harness |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| JP5185466B1 (en) | 2013-04-17 |
| JP4777487B1 (en) | 2011-09-21 |
| JP4982621B2 (en) | 2012-07-25 |
| JP2017053035A (en) | 2017-03-16 |
| JP2013067864A (en) | 2013-04-18 |
| JP4843745B1 (en) | 2011-12-21 |
| JP6408530B2 (en) | 2018-10-17 |
| JP5021855B1 (en) | 2012-09-12 |
| JP2012046824A (en) | 2012-03-08 |
| JP5066300B1 (en) | 2012-11-07 |
| JP5520397B2 (en) | 2014-06-11 |
| JP2012214901A (en) | 2012-11-08 |
| JP5139593B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
| JP2011256464A (en) | 2011-12-22 |
| JP5100913B1 (en) | 2012-12-19 |
| JP2012197514A (en) | 2012-10-18 |
| JP2011195962A (en) | 2011-10-06 |
| JP2013127119A (en) | 2013-06-27 |
| JP2013011021A (en) | 2013-01-17 |
| JP2013008682A (en) | 2013-01-10 |
| JP6017637B2 (en) | 2016-11-02 |
| JP2015227508A (en) | 2015-12-17 |
| JP5778818B2 (en) | 2015-09-16 |
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