JP2014148782A - Construction, block product of structure, and masonry method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a reusable block masonry structure excellent in earthquake resistance, which allows a made structure to be disassembled many times by using a separable adhesive, which enables various structures by combining various block products, and which eliminates the problem of a limited height of masonry per day by being easily constructible without particularly depending on an expert.SOLUTION: An anchor bolt 31 is provided to a foundation structure in a required place of a vertical connection bolt 10 with a long nut serving as vertical reinforcement, and an interval of horizontal reinforcement is determined by a structural calculation. An upper masonry structure is executed by meshing concave and convex parts of block products, and a horizontal reinforcement-executing stage uses a block product with a horizontal connection plate 6, which is incorporated with a horizontal reinforcement part, and vertical reinforcement is executed by binding a joining portion of the horizontal connection plates of blocks with the vertical connection bolt 10 with the long nut, and the height-adjusted nut which is attached to the bolt at a lower stage. When requiring an adhesive 20 for the masonry structure, the above process is executed while coating the adhesive on an interface surface of the block products. This process is repeated up to a required number of stages.

Description

The present invention relates to architecture and block masonry structure.

Conventional brick structures without reinforcing bars are difficult to seismic and are not widely used. Brick construction, which is a wet method, has restrictions on the height that can be stacked in one day, and when building, mortar used for bonding bricks takes time until strength is applied, and a load is applied before that. There is also a risk of structural deformation or collapse when an external force such as an earthquake or an earthquake is applied. Furthermore, mortar has a limited amount of time that can be used after it is kneaded. Care must be taken in quality control of mortar, and horizontal and vertical adjustment and construction using joint mortar cannot be undone. Therefore, construction by skilled workers is indispensable and requires a considerable work period and cost.

Similarly, wet masonry reinforced concrete block construction has reinforced reinforcing bars and is excellent in earthquake resistance, and is currently popular. There is a similar problem.

Therefore, Patent Document 1 proposes a dry construction method block product and the construction method in order to eliminate the disadvantages of the wet construction method. As a method, a method has been adopted in which a dedicated horizontal block is stacked on top of each other and a plate-like horizontal reinforcing material is installed thereon and fixed to a bolt connected from the foundation with a nut (see Patent Document 1).

JP 9-21199

(Company) Architectural Institute of Japan “Standards for Building Construction / Description JASS 7 2009 Masonry Construction” (Japan) Architectural Institute of Japan, 2009 (Reinforced Concrete Block Construction P, 31-34, P, 172-189, Reinforced concrete block 塀 P, 38 ~ 40, P, 209 ~ 216)

However, in the construction method of Patent Document 1, it is difficult to construct the masonry horizontally. This is a method of fixing the stacked block with plate-shaped horizontal reinforcing members, bolts and nuts. However, when leveling the assembly, it is assumed that the product has a dimensional accuracy of plus or minus 0. There are not enough considerations such as variations in temperature and expansion / contraction due to temperature changes. Moreover, when making a long wall structure, a plate-shaped horizontal reinforcement member becomes long similarly, and it is a problem that handling and construction are difficult.

In consideration of the above, the present invention is easy to handle masonry leveling, height adjustment, and member handling, and improves workability. Is the purpose.

The invention of claim 1 is a block product having a meshing shape for joining, eliminating and reinforcing misalignment between the stacked blocks, and incorporating a part for joining and reinforcing the blocks horizontally, and It is a masonry structure that uses parts that are joined together and vertically connected to each other to vertically reinforce the masonry structure.

The invention of claim 2 is a structure in which a block product is provided with an engagement shape of the protrusion 2 on the upper surface and the hole 3 on the lower surface for joining, and the block is displaced and reinforced when assembled.

The invention of claim 3 is a structure in which a dowel 7 made of resin, rubber or the like is combined with the hole 3 on the upper surface and the hole 3 on the lower surface for bonding to the block products 101a and 201a, and the displacement between the blocks is eliminated and reinforced. is there.

According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention, the blocks are assembled by the laterally connecting plate 6 which is built in the assembled block product, and which is connected to the laterally connecting plate 6 and the bolt 10 with the longitudinally connected long nut. Vertical and horizontal reinforcement and horizontal and vertical adjustments during assembly can be performed.

The invention of claim 6 is a masonry structure in which the block products 201 to 246 and the block products 101 to 146 having the same shape of the block body and no lateral connection plate 6 are combined with the masonry structure according to claims 2 to 5. is there.

The invention of claim 7 uses the block products 101a and 201a of the present invention, inserts a rubber dowel 41 for seismic isolation into the hole 3 on the top surface of the block product, supports the upper block, and reinforces the vertical and horizontal Is performed in the same manner as claims 4 and 5, except that a seismic isolation rubber washer 40 is provided between the laterally-joined plate 6 and the bolt 10 with a longitudinally connected long nut to insulate the lower structure and the upper structure in an earthquake-resistant manner. Make a seismic structure (Figure 13).

In the invention of claim 8, 101z or 201z having a specific gravity higher than that of the block of 101a or 201a is provided in a necessary place by structural calculation or the like in the layer of the base isolation structure of claim 7. When swaying during an earthquake, the vibrations cancel each other due to the difference in natural period resulting from the difference in specific gravity and height of each block (Fig. 14).

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the block product has a built-in component for eliminating and reinforcing the misalignment between the stacked blocks and joining and reinforcing the stacked blocks laterally by the meshing shape for joining. In addition, it is possible to reinforce both vertically and horizontally at the same time by connecting the components to each other and connecting and reinforcing them vertically.

According to the invention of claim 2, the strength against the horizontal force of the masonry structure is higher than that of a conventional masonry structure of a reinforced concrete block or brick that does not have a projection on the upper surface for joining and a hole on the lower surface. By increasing and eliminating the misalignment between blocks, stable masonry can be achieved. Moreover, various combinations are possible depending on the shape, and various structures can be made.

According to the invention of claim 3, a block product comprising a combination of a dowel 7 made of resin, rubber or the like in the hole 3 on the upper surface and the hole 3 on the lower surface, and a method for assembling the block product, a conventional concrete block having no dowels, Compared to brick masonry, the strength against horizontal force is increased, and stable masonry can be achieved by eliminating misalignment between blocks. Moreover, various combinations are possible depending on the shape, and various structures can be made.

According to the fourth and fifth aspects of the present invention, the block product of the present invention and the method for assembling the block product show the necessary strength at the stage connected by the lateral connection plate 6 and the bolt 10 with the longitudinal connection long nut. There is no limit on the height. The height can be adjusted only by aligning the height of the nut 32, and since it can be constructed relatively easily, no special skill is required. In addition, it is possible to reinforce the vertical and horizontal two rows in the out-of-plane direction (FIG. 12) and the reinforced diagonal masonry (FIG. 11), which were impossible with the conventional reinforced concrete block structure. More various structures can be made by various combinations of the block products shown in FIGS.

According to the invention of claim 6, by using the block products 101 to 146 that do not have the lateral connection plate 6 that serves as lateral reinforcement in the masonry structure, it is possible to adjust the interval between the lateral reinforcements.

According to the seventh aspect of the invention, a seismic isolation structure that is impossible with conventional reinforced concrete block construction or brick construction is possible.

According to the invention of claim 8, a vibration control structure that is impossible in the conventional reinforced concrete block structure or brick structure is possible.

It is a perspective view showing the masonry structure by the block product and related parts of embodiment which concerns on this invention. It is a perspective view of the basic block 101 which is a block product of this invention. It is a perspective view of 201 with a basic block horizontal connection plate which is a block product of this invention. It is a perspective view of the corner block 103 which is a block product of this invention, and 203 with a corner block horizontal connection plate. FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a basic block double-sided bonding hole 101a, a basic block double-sided bonding hole with a horizontal connecting plate 201a, and a dowel product 7, which are block products of the present invention. It is a perspective view of the basic block side hole free 301 and the basic block horizontal hole free horizontal connecting plate 401 which are block products of the present invention. It is a three-view figure of 201 with a basic block horizontal connection plate which is a block product of this invention, a top view of a horizontal connection plate 6, and a front view. It is a top view of an example of each kind without a horizontal connection plate which is a block product of the present invention. It is a top view of an example of each kind with a horizontal connection plate which is a block product of the present invention. It is a three-view figure of the state assembled by the block product of this invention and related parts. It is sectional drawing of an example assembled diagonally with the block product of this invention. FIG. 4 is a plan view of an example in which the vertical and horizontal reinforcements are arranged in two rows in the block product of the present invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the seismic isolation masonry structure using the block product of this invention. It is a front conceptual diagram of the vibration control masonry structure using the block product of this invention. It is a conceptual diagram of the masonry state at the time of grout injection using the basic block side hole-less 301 which is the block of the present invention, the basic block side-hole-less side connecting plate 401 and related parts.

First, the material, size, and weight of the block product of the present invention will be described. The material is a material suitable for the target structure, and in the case of a building, concrete, ALC, brick, earthenware, glass, ceramic, various resins, and the like.
The basic block size ratio of width: depth: height is 4: 2: 1, but the height may be changed as necessary.
The size and weight are based on the size and weight that are easy for humans to handle. For example, in the case of the basic block 301 made of concrete, if the width is 400 mm, the depth is 200 mm, and the height is 100 mm, the weight is about 18 kg, the width is 300 mm, the depth. If the height is 150mm and the height is 100mm, the weight is about 10kg.

In addition, the clearance between the block products at the time of assembling is required in consideration of deformation due to temperature changes and the problem of product processing accuracy due to the material properties of the block products. For example, if the product accuracy and temperature change are plus or minus 1 mm, the clearance is 2 mm. In this case, if the assembly pitch (module dimension) is 400 mm wide, 200 mm deep, and 100 mm high, the dimensions of the block product are 398 mm wide, 198 mm deep, and 98 mm high.

If the target structure requires an adhesive, the dimensions corresponding to the material of the adhesive are also taken into consideration. For example, if the block product is made of concrete and the adhesive is mortar, the clearance is 3 to 3. 6mm is appropriate.

The types of block products include the types shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, and 101a, 201a, 101z, 201z, 301, and 401 have various shapes as well, although not shown. Also, there are block products with a width: depth: height of 4: 1: 1 and 3: 2: 1, respectively. In addition, block products with various dimensional ratios that meet the assembly method and standards are possible.

The horizontal connecting plate of the block product has a shape corresponding to the block main body as shown in FIG. 9, and is made of a material that matches the characteristics of the block product main body. For example, when the block product body is concrete, iron whose thermal expansion coefficient is approximate is appropriate, and alloy or surface plating is appropriate as necessary.

Next, a basic assembling method of the block product of the present invention will be described (FIG. 1). In the case of a building, it is stacked on an appropriate foundation 30.

First, the nut 32 adjusted in height is installed on the anchor bolt 31 supported from the foundation 30, and the washer 33 is placed thereon.

The anchor bolt 31 of the foundation 30 is installed in advance in a necessary portion of the bolt 10 with the longitudinal connection long nut. The space | interval which uses the bolt 10 with the continuous vertical connection long nut used as vertical reinforcement and the continuous horizontal connection plate 6 used as horizontal reinforcement is determined by the structural calculation of a building, etc.

Next, the adhesive 20 is applied to the surface on which the blocks of the foundation 30 are stacked. The adhesive 20 is used depending on the purpose of the structure, and is determined by structural calculation or the like.
For example, when an adhesive is required for the masonry structure and the compressive strength equivalent to that of a block product made of concrete is required for the adhesive 20, mortar or the like having the same compressive strength is used.
If the adhesive 20 is not required to have the same compressive strength as the block product, and the purpose is to maintain water tightness and airtightness, and stress on the block's own weight, the necessary stress for the horizontal, vertical, and out-of-plane force Most of them are borne by the continuous horizontal connection plate 6 and the continuous bolt 10 with a longitudinal connection long nut. Since the adhesive 20 does not bear the horizontal, vertical, and out-of-plane forces of the external force, a peelable adhesive force is sufficient. In this case, the blocks can be assembled and then disassembled for reuse. Adhesive 20 is properly applied to all the joint surfaces of the block product.

Next, the blocks with the lateral connection plates are sequentially installed on the foundation 30 and fastened to the anchor bolts 31 supported from the foundation 30 with the bolts 10 with the longitudinal connection long nuts. It is performed while applying the adhesive 20 on the surface which becomes the vertical joint of the block product.

The blocks to be stacked in the second and subsequent stages are determined according to the result of the structural calculation of the building, and the presence or absence of the lateral connection plate (6) that serves as lateral reinforcement is determined for the blocks to be stacked.
When the horizontal connection plate (6) is provided, the height-adjusted nut 32 and washer 33 are attached to the lower vertical connection long nut bolt 10 that is continuous from the foundation 30 before the adhesive 20 is applied to the block assembly surface. Is installed, and the block product is fastened with the bolt 10 with a longitudinally connected long nut at the corresponding stage. This process is repeated up to the required stage.

Next, the grout injection method (FIG. 15) will be described in the masonry structure using the block products 301 and 401. Block products 301 and 401 are used, and the masonry method is performed in the same manner as described above. At this time, sealing is applied to the gap between the vertical hole 4 and the horizontal joint plate 6 for vertical reinforcement of the block body. Next, grout material injection holes 50 are drilled outside the vertical holes 4 for vertical reinforcement of the block product 401 and above and below the horizontal joining plate 6. Next, the grout material 51 is injected into the grout injection hole 50 below the independent vertical hole 4 until it leaks from the upper hole.

Next, a method for building a seismic isolation structure will be described (FIG. 13). First, the required layer, range, and clearance between blocks at the time of masonry are determined by structural calculation or the like for the target structure. The clearance is determined in consideration of the estimated displacement during an earthquake.

When the structure is a wall of a building, the procedure is the same as the above-described (0030), and then the seismic isolation rubber washer 40 is installed in the washer 33. Next, if necessary, two rows of elastic sealing 42 are applied in the longitudinal direction of the surfaces to be stacked. Next, the block product 201a is installed from the end, and the bolt 10 with the longitudinal connection long nut is installed on the anchor bolt 31 supported from the foundation 30, and the seismic isolation rubber washer 40 and the washer 33 are installed and tightened. At this time, assembling is performed sequentially while applying elastic sealing 42 to the vertical joint surface of the block product as necessary.

Next, the rubber dowel 41 for seismic isolation is fitted into the hole 3 on the upper surface of the block product 201a that has been stacked one layer. Blocks 101a or 201a are used as appropriate for blocks to be stacked in the second and subsequent stages depending on the result of structural calculation or the like.
In the case of the block product 201a with the lateral connection plate (6), the washer 33 and the seismic isolation rubber washer 41 are installed on the nut 32 adjusted in height to the bolt 10 with the vertical connection long nut continuous from the foundation 30. Thereafter, the elastic sealing 42 is applied to the surface to be stacked, and stacked in the same manner as the first stage.
When there is no lateral connection plate (6), the elastic sealing 42 is applied to the surfaces to be stacked and stacked. This process is repeated up to the required stage.

Next, a method of building a damping structure will be described (FIG. 14). As for the structure, 101z or 201z is appropriately stacked on the layer of the block product 101a or 201a having the above-described seismic isolation structure according to the result of structural calculation or the like.

2 Bonding projection 3 Bonding hole 4 Vertical hole 5 Horizontal hole 6 Horizontal connection plate 6a Claw 6b Hole 7 Dowel product 10 Bolt with long nut for vertical connection 20 Adhesive 30 Foundation 31 Anchor bolt 32 Nut 33 Washer 40 Made of rubber for seismic isolation Washer 41 Seismic isolation rubber dowel 42 Elastic sealing 50 Grout material injection hole 51 Grout material 101 Basic block 101a Basic block double-sided joint drill 101z High-mass basic block 103 Corner blocks 101 to 146 Block products without side connecting plate Each type 201 With basic block horizontal connection plate 201a With basic block double-sided perforated horizontal connection plate 201z With high-mass basic block horizontal connection plate 203 With corner block horizontal connection plate 201-246 Block product, horizontal connection plate Kino each type 301 basic block lateral hole without 401 basic block lateral hole without transverse connecting plate with

Claims (8)

The block product (201 to 246) which has a meshing shape for joining, and which joins and reinforces the blocks to be stacked side by side (6) and the block product (201 to 246) are joined to each other and A part (10) that vertically connects and vertically reinforces the masonry structure, and a masonry structure using them. A block structure (201 to 246) having an upper surface having a plurality of protrusions (2) and a lower surface hole (3) into which the "engagement shape for joining" and a combination structure thereof are combined. . A block product (101a, 201a having a top surface having a plurality of holes (3) into which the dowels (7) are inserted and a bottom surface hole (3) into which the dowels (7) are inserted in the above-described "joining shape for joining". ) And their combination. "Parts for connecting and reinforcing blocks horizontally" and "parts for joining block products and connecting them to each other and connecting them vertically and reinforcing the masonry structure" are optional. Various block products (201 to 246, 201a, 201z, 401) using a lateral connection plate (6) having a plurality of holes (6b) for fastening at locations, and a masonry structure using the block products. A bolt with a longitudinally connected long nut in which the threaded part and the long nut are integrated with the above-mentioned “part that joins the block product to each other and connects them vertically and reinforces the masonry structure”. Product (10) and masonry structure using it. A masonry structure in which the masonry structure according to claims 2 to 5 is combined with a block product (101 to 146) having an upper surface having a plurality of protrusions (2) and a lower surface hole (3) for fitting the upper surface. . A rubber dowel (41) for seismic isolation is added to a block product (101a, 201a) having the shape of the block product main body of claim 3 in a part of the masonry structure according to claims 2-5. Combining “block products and parts that connect them to each other and connect them vertically and reinforce the masonry structure” and block products in the seismic isolation layer are rubber washer for seismic isolation (40) A masonry structure with seismic isolation structure (Fig. 13). A masonry structure in which a block product (101z, 201z) having a mass higher than that of other block products is used as a seismic control structure (FIG. 14) in a part of the seismic isolation structure layer of claim 7.

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