JP2014147341A - Hydroponics system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To apply optimal irrigation to crops within a green house in a photosynthesis time period.SOLUTION: A hydroponics system 10 includes: a liquid supply unit 20 that supplies liquid to a medium 2; a waste liquid pump 4 with a float that discharges, from a waste liquid tank 3 that stores waste liquid from the medium 2, the waste liquid; an irrigation control panel 30; and a waste liquid counter 40 that stores a measurement value of a flow meter 6. The irrigation control panel 30 includes a clock part 31, a storage part 32 that serves as a time period-specific liquid supply condition setting pat, a monitor 33, and an input/output part 34. The waste liquid counter 40 includes a clock part 41, a storage part 42 that serves as a time period-specific storage area, a monitor 43, and an input/output part 44. The storage part 42 of the waste liquid counter 40 stores an amount of waste liquid in association with time period-specific settings on liquid supply conditions in the storage part 32 of the irrigation control panel 30.

Description

  The present invention relates to a hydroponic cultivation system, and more particularly to a system for optimal irrigation.

  Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 16, [1] the greenhouse is partitioned into a plurality of inner chambers according to the growth stage of the crop, and [2] drainage from the cultivation stages (1) to (3) of each inner chamber. A liquid supply unit having CPUs (1) to (3) for controlling a supply amount of a culture solution to be newly supplied according to a history of the amount, and [3] a device for detecting a drainage amount to a drainage storage device (1) to (3) are provided with a drainage unit that detects and transmits to the CPU (1) to (3) of the liquid supply unit. There has been proposed a hydroponic cultivation apparatus that applies a culture solution of a concentration (Patent Document 1).

  In the hydroponic cultivation apparatus of Patent Document 1, the amount of drainage stored in the past day or week is detected, compared with the planned amount of drainage, and if it is large, the supply amount is reduced. The amount of culture medium to be newly supplied is determined.

Japanese Utility Model Publication 5-53457 (Summary, 0020, FIG. 1)

  By the way, the crops in the greenhouse not only depend on the growth stage, such as the growing period, flowering period, fruiting period, etc., immediately after planting, stems and vines, but also according to the time of day immediately after sunrise, daytime, before sunset, at night The activity of photosynthesis is different, and the growth rate etc. fluctuate during the day. Changes in the growth rate during the day are also affected by the area where the greenhouse is built, the season, the weather, and so on. Furthermore, variations in the growth rate of crops in the greenhouse during the day, such as differences in the types of crops, such as tomatoes, eggplants, and flower buds, and lighting conditions after sunset in Deng Chrysanthemum, are different. come.

  For this reason, when performing feedback control based on the amount of drainage in the past day or the past week, the growth rate of the crop during such a day is not considered, and the optimum liquid supply according to the growth stage is not considered. There arises a problem that control cannot be performed.

  Then, this invention aims at making the growth and yield of a crop favorable by performing optimal irrigation in the photosynthesis time zone with respect to the crop in a greenhouse.

The hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention made to achieve the above object includes a liquid supply unit for supplying a nutrient solution to a nutrient culture medium installed in a greenhouse, and an exhaust discharged from the medium. A drainage tank for storing the liquid and a drainage pump for discharging the drainage liquid from the drainage tank are provided, and the following configuration is also provided.
(1) The liquid supply unit includes a timekeeping unit that measures time, and a time zone in which liquid supply conditions for each time zone are set by dividing the time zone into a plurality of time zones at least during the day. A liquid supply condition setting unit, and being driven and controlled by an irrigation control panel that supplies the nutrient solution according to the time measured by the time measuring unit and the setting contents of the time period liquid supply condition setting unit.
(2) A flow meter installed in the discharge path from the pump, and a drainage counter for storing the measured value of the flow meter.
(3A) The drainage counter includes a timekeeping unit that measures time, and a storage area for each time zone that divides a day into a plurality of time zones, and a measurement value that is input from the flow meter, and the timekeeping unit From the relationship with the time measured, the apparatus is configured as a device that stores the drainage amount for each time zone in the time zone storage area.
(4A) A drainage amount output device for each time zone that outputs the drainage amount for each time zone stored in the storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is provided.

  In the hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention, since the irrigation control panel is provided with a liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone, the type of crop, the season of cultivation, the weather of the day, the growth stage of the crop (fixed planting, growth, flowering, In addition to the time of photosynthesis gradually increasing, the time of active photosynthesis, the time of photosynthesis gradually weakening, etc., execute irrigation with the optimum liquid supply amount. Can do. Here, the “liquid supply condition for each time zone” in the irrigation control panel is “a liquid supply start time and a liquid supply amount” or “a liquid supply start time and a liquid supply stop time”. There is no particular limitation as long as it is a setting method that can supply an optimal amount of nutrient solution with respect to the time zone so as to correspond to the degree of photosynthesis.

  And according to the hydroponic cultivation system of this invention, if the drainage amount memorize | stored in the storage area for every time zone of the drainage counter is settled in the range of an appropriate value, it will supply for every time zone of an irrigation control panel. It can be confirmed that the liquid supply condition set in the liquid condition setting unit is appropriate, and conversely, for the time zone in which the drainage amount is stored at a value outside the range of the appropriate value, the supply of the irrigation control panel The user can understand that the setting of the liquid conditions should be reviewed. Here, the drainage amount output device for each time zone may include a printer and output the contents by printing on paper, or may include a monitor and output the contents by screen display. Also good. Further, the contents may be output as data or commands to the irrigation control panel. Further, the drainage counter may be separate from or integrated with the irrigation control panel.

  Here, the fact that the drainage amount is within the range of the appropriate value means that it is desirable to set the irrigation conditions for the time period. Since the amount of drainage becomes zero because the amount of irrigation is insufficient, this must be avoided. On the other hand, too much drainage is not desirable as a cultivation condition. This leads to an increase in expenses. For this reason, the appropriate value of the drainage amount is “a value larger than zero and appropriately small”. In addition, it is possible to have a function such as automatic correction if it falls outside the range of the appropriate value, but rather, let the farmer know the relationship with the appropriate value and take into account factors such as the season and weather the next day. It is also meaningful to just output the result without automatic correction so that the irrigation setting can be set taking advantage of the farmer's experience. This is because the farmer only needs to review the irrigation conditions more carefully when the amount of drainage is close to zero, so as not to set conditions that are constrained only by costs.

  In addition, the several time slot | zone which memorize | stores the drainage amount in a drainage counter may be fixed, and you may comprise so that it can set arbitrarily. The same applies to the setting of the liquid supply conditions of the irrigation control panel. Further, in the drainage counter, it is preferable to store the past three days or more, more desirably the past one week or more, for each time zone as the drainage amount data storage period. In this case, it is preferable to save the storage area by overwriting the latest storage area on the storage area of the data whose predetermined storage period (3 days, 7 days, etc.) has passed.

  In storing data in the drainage counter, the drainage amount from the flow meter may be used as it is, or a value obtained by dividing the drainage amount by the number of cultivated strains may be stored. This is because, for tomatoes or the like, the liquid supply condition per stock is intuitively better or worse when the data is viewed, and it is easier to determine the adjustment amount.

Moreover, the hydroponics system of this invention is good to also be provided with the following structures.
(5) The storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is configured so as to be able to store the drainage amount corresponding to the setting of the time zone in the time zone supply condition setting unit of the irrigation control panel. That.

  By configuring in this way, from the drainage amount stored in the storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter, the liquid supply condition of which time zone in the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel is maintained, This is because it is easily determined which time zone the liquid supply condition should be corrected. The storage area for each time zone on the drainage counter side is determined in conjunction with the time zone setting in the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone on the irrigation control panel side, so that the above-mentioned functions and effects are further improved. It can also be set as the structure which exhibits reliably.

As a configuration to be interlocked, the configurations (3A) and (4A) of the present invention can be changed to the following (3B) and (4B).
(3B) The drainage counter discharges a measurement value input from the flow meter in a specific time period from the start of irrigation for each time period in the liquid supply unit to the end of irrigation in the time period. By being stored as a liquid volume, the apparatus is configured as a device that separately stores the liquid discharge volume for each time period.
(4B) The drainage amount stored separately in the drainage counter is output as the drainage amount corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit. Provide a liquid output device.

  The configuration of (3B) is, for example, the measurement of the amount of drainage in a certain period of time at the drainage counter is started by the signal of irrigation start (pulse from the irrigation control panel or the flowmeter of the liquid supply piping), When the next irrigation start signal is input, the measurement in the time zone is terminated and the measurement value is stored, and the measurement in the next time zone is started. As a result, even if the configuration of (5) is not provided, the drainage amount is automatically stored separately in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit. The Rukoto.

Moreover, these hydroponics systems of this invention can be further equipped with the following structures.
(4C) The drainage amount output device for each time zone includes a fluid amount calculation means for each time zone for calculating the fluid supply amount for each time zone by the liquid supply unit. It is configured as a means for performing output based on the drainage rate obtained by dividing the liquid volume by the liquid supply volume.

  The liquid supply amount is calculated as the measured value of the liquid supply amount in the set time period from the pulse from the flow meter provided in the liquid supply unit or the flow meter installed before branching the piping from the liquid supply unit and the flow rate per pulse. It is good to do so. Effective as a specification for farm owners who use the drainage rate as an indicator.

Moreover, these hydroponics systems of this invention can be further equipped with the following structures.
(4D) The drainage amount output device for each time zone is displayed in a graph for the corresponding time zone when the measurement of the drainage amount for each time zone is completed, with one of the horizontal axes on the vertical axis being a time zone It has a graphing function to output the amount of waste liquid.

  Not only the past history is displayed, but also the change in the drainage amount is displayed in real time in a graph, which helps the farmer make a more accurate decision.

Here, as the flow meter, a triode type or a rotary type flow meter can also be adopted, but the triode type may cause the amount of drainage during operation of the drainage pump to be unclear. There is a possibility that an air bit error will occur in the flow meter. Therefore, the hydroponics system of the present invention may further include the following configuration.
(6) The float that starts the discharging operation when the amount of drainage stored in the draining tank reaches a predetermined high level amount, and stops the discharging operation when the amount reaches a predetermined low level amount. It is composed of a pump with a pad.

  By adopting a pump with a float as the drainage pump, the drainage overflowed from the culture medium with a slight delay with the irrigation in a certain time zone (time) increased in the drainage tank and became high level Sometimes the float turns on and the drainage pump begins to operate. As a result, an amount of drainage liquid corresponding to the discharge capacity per unit time of the drainage pump starts to be discharged. Thereafter, the overflow of the nutrient solution from the culture medium disappears, and when the water level in the drainage tank is lowered to the low level, the float is turned off and the operation of the drainage pump is stopped.

  In this way, the drainage pump is not a part that keeps operating all the time, but by operating until it becomes low level when it becomes high level, there is an advantage that inaccurate measurement by air biting can be pushed. is there. In addition, once the drainage pump is activated, a certain amount or more of the drainage is discharged continuously, so the drainage amount is simple, for example, a 1 pulse signal is output at 1L. It is possible to measure fairly accurately with this flow meter. Therefore, the amount of drainage for determining whether or not irrigation for each time zone is appropriate can be accurately measured at low cost.

These hydroponic cultivation systems of the present invention may also have the following configuration.
(7) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the range of the appropriate value set in advance. Is provided with an alarm notification means for reporting an alarm.

  For example, when outputting the amount of drainage to the monitor, the alarm may be flashed or displayed in a different color, notified by a buzzer, etc., or even distributed as information to farmers. I do not care. By providing this configuration, oversight of the user can be prevented. In this case, in particular, when the amount of drainage is zero, it may be configured as an alarm form that attracts more attention than in other cases. This is because the drainage amount is zero, that is, the lack of irrigation amount must be avoided.

Furthermore, each hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention can also have the following configuration.
(8) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the preset appropriate value range The liquid supply amount within the liquid supply condition of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel for the time zone corresponding to the drainage amount with a value outside the range of the appropriate value is within the range of the appropriate value. It has liquid supply condition automatic update means to increase or decrease in the direction approaching.

  By adopting the above configuration as well, the irrigation control panel can have a learning function, and there is no waste and optimal irrigation can be executed.

  Here, as a method of correcting the liquid supply amount in the time zone where the problem occurred, for example, when the drainage amount is zero, the continuous watering time is lengthened, or the intermittent watering interval is shortened. It is advisable to make a positive correction to increase the amount of irrigation within the time period. On the other hand, if the drainage volume is too large than the appropriate value, decrease the irrigation volume in the time zone by shortening the continuous irrigation time or increasing the interval of intermittent irrigation. It is recommended to make a negative correction like this. In addition, about this minus correction, it is desirable to set an upper limit of the correction and take care so that the irrigation interval does not become too long.

  Further, this correction may be performed by adjusting both the irrigation time and the irrigation interval. From the relationship with the photosynthetic activity, for example, in order to correspond to the setting in which the irrigation interval is shortened in the time zone when the sunshine is stronger than in the early morning time zone, It is because the correction which adjusts both enables the setting of more appropriate and precise cultivation conditions.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the optimal irrigation in a photosynthesis time slot | zone can be performed with respect to the crop in a greenhouse, and the growth and yield of a crop can be made favorable.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the structure of the hydroponic cultivation system of Example 1. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system in Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the irrigation control in Example 1. FIG. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the pump drive condition (A) in Example 1, and the flow volume pulse output condition (B). 3 is a flowchart showing the contents of a drainage amount storage process in Embodiment 1. 3 is a flowchart showing the contents of display control in Embodiment 1. 10 is a flowchart showing the contents of display control in Embodiment 2. It is a block diagram of the control system in Example 3. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the check process (A) and change process (B) in Example 3. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the check process (A) in Example 4, and a change process (B). 10 is a flowchart showing the contents of a drainage rate storage process in the fifth embodiment. FIG. 10 is a block diagram of a control system in a sixth embodiment. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the irrigation control in Example 6. 10 is a flowchart showing the contents of a drainage amount storage process in Example 6. It is a flowchart which shows the content of the drainage amount memory | storage process which also implement | achieves the real-time graph display function in Example 7. It is explanatory drawing of a prior art.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, modes for carrying out the present invention will be described based on specific examples shown in the drawings.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the greenhouse 1 to which the hydroponic cultivation system 10 of Example 1 is applied is configured to supply nutrient solution to the culture mediums 2, 2,. The liquid unit 20, the drainage tank 3 that stores the drainage discharged from the culture medium 2, 2,..., The drainage pump 4 that drains the drainage from the drainage tank 3, An irrigation control panel 30 for performing the supply and a drainage counter 40 for storing the measured value of the flow meter 6 installed in the drainage path from the drainage pump 4 are provided.

  As shown in the figure, the drainage pump 4 starts the draining operation when the amount of drainage stored in the draining tank 3 reaches a predetermined high level amount, and discharges when the amount reaches a predetermined low level amount. It consists of a pump with a float that stops. The drain pipe 5 of the drainage pump 4 is provided with a flow meter 6 configured to output a 1-pulse signal at 1 L. The pulse signal of the flow meter 6 is input to the drainage counter 40. In addition, the drainage tank 3 is supplied to each medium 2 from the liquid supply pipe 7, and the nutrient solution overflowing beyond the holding capacity of each medium 2 is collected in the collection tank 8, and is collected via the collection pipe 9. It is designed to flow in.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the irrigation control panel 30 is divided into a plurality of time zones for a time zone 31 for measuring time and a time zone for at least the day of the day. A storage unit 32, a monitor 33, and an input / output unit 34, each serving as a liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone to be set, are provided. In addition, the drainage counter 40 includes a timekeeping unit 41 that measures time, a storage unit 42 that handles a storage area for each time zone that divides a day into a plurality of time zones, a monitor 43, and an input / output unit 44. ing. The storage unit 42 of the drainage counter 40 is configured to store the drainage amount corresponding to the setting for each time zone regarding the liquid supply conditions in the storage unit 32 of the irrigation control panel 30.

  The storage unit 32 provided in the irrigation control panel 3 has an optimum liquid supply for each of a time zone in which photosynthesis is gradually increased, a time zone in which photosynthesis is actively performed, and a time zone in which photosynthesis is gradually weakened. Set the amount of liquid supply for each time zone so that irrigation by volume is executed. In this embodiment, eight time zones can be set so that irrigation is not performed at night, but irrigation is performed from sunrise to sunset. And about each time slot | zone divided | segmented into these eight, about the fruit vegetables, such as a tomato, the liquid supply amount per share is set. At this time, the type of crop (tomato, eggplant, chrysanthemum, rose, etc.), the season to grow (spring, summer, autumn, winter), the weather (sunny, rainy, cloudy, etc.) of the day, It can be arbitrarily set based on the experience of the farmer, taking into consideration the growth stage (immediately after planting, growth enhancement time, flowering time, fruiting time, etc.).

  The storage unit 42 of the drainage counter 40 is configured to be able to store the drainage amount in eight time zones corresponding to the time zone setting of the storage unit 32 of the irrigation control panel 30 and has eight hours per day. The band can be held for 3 days. Today's data is overwritten in the data storage area four days ago, and every three days of data can be confirmed every morning. In addition, it is possible not only to hold for 3 days but also to hold a history for a longer period such as 7 days. In the present embodiment, when storing data in the drainage counter 40, the drainage amount from the flow meter 6 is divided by the cultivation basis number, or the number of cultivated strains, together with the setting method of the liquid supply conditions. It is supposed to be converted into a divided value and stored.

  Since the drainage pump 4 employs a pump with a float as described above, the drainage that overflows from the culture medium 2 with a slight delay with the irrigation in a certain time zone (time) is stored in the drainage tank 3. When the level increases to a high level, the float turns on and the operation starts. As a result, an amount of drainage corresponding to the discharge capacity per unit time of the drainage pump 4 starts to be discharged. Thereafter, when the nutrient solution overflows from the culture medium 2 and the water level in the drainage tank 3 decreases to a low level, the float is turned off and the operation of the drainage pump 4 is stopped. The amount of drainage overflowed with the irrigation during a certain period of time is determined by this operating time and the discharge capacity of the drainage pump, and the flow meter 6 has one pulse every time 1 L of drainage passes. Output a signal.

  Next, the content of the irrigation control in the irrigation control panel 30 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. When a signal indicating that the time zone 1 has been set is received from the time measuring unit 31 (S10: YES), the liquid supply unit 20 is supplied according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 1 of the storage unit 32. The liquid is commanded (S15).

  In the present embodiment, the liquid supply pump of the liquid supply unit 20 is driven for a time that satisfies the liquid supply condition from the set time. At this time, the liquid supply unit 20 opens the electromagnetic valve of the liquid supply pipe 7. Thereby, the nutrient solution made into the predetermined fertilizer density | concentration is supplied with respect to each culture medium 2,2, .... Here, each culture medium 2, 2,... Is a slab-shaped culture medium material such as wood chips, coconut shells, rock wool, etc., and has the ability to hold a predetermined amount of nutrient solution. As shown in FIG. 1, the nutrient solution exceeding the holding capacity of the culture media 2, 2,... Is collected in the collection tank 8 and flows into the drainage tank 3 through the collection pipe 9.

  After that, the irrigation control panel 30 instructs the liquid supply unit 20 to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 2 of the storage unit 32 when the set time of the time zone 2 comes (S20, S25). When the time set in time zone 3 is reached, the liquid supply unit 20 is instructed to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in time zone 3 of the storage unit 32 (S30, S35). Then, the liquid supply unit 20 is instructed to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 8 of the storage unit 32 at the set time of the time zone 8, and the processing of the day is finished (S80, S85). ).

  Next, the driving conditions of the drainage pump 4 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The drainage pump 4 is activated when the water level in the drainage tank 3 rises and the float is turned on (S110) (S120). As a result, the drainage liquid in the drainage tank 3 is discharged to the discharge pipe 9. Thereafter, when the water level in the drainage tank 3 is lowered and the float is turned off (S130), it is stopped (S140).

  By repeatedly executing this operation, the drainage pump 4 is started slightly later than the time when irrigation is started when the amount of drainage overflowing from the culture mediums 2, 2,. The drained liquid in 3 is discharged until it becomes low level. On the other hand, when the amount of drainage overflowing from the culture mediums 2, 2,... Is small and the water level of the drainage tank 3 does not reach a high level, it is not activated even during the irrigation period. It is desirable to start up for a relatively long time during irrigation in the first set time zone 1 in the morning, and then start up for a short time every set time zone. This is because, in the morning, the nutrient solution of the culture medium 2, 2, ... is absorbed by the crops and becomes dry, so the amount of liquid supply is set higher, and then the activity of photosynthesis for each time zone This is because the liquid supply condition is set so that the amount of liquid supply corresponds to the degree, and a state in which waste of nutrient solution is suppressed as much as possible while avoiding shortage of liquid supply is a desirable liquid supply state.

  Next, the pulse output conditions of the flow meter 6 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. The flow meter 6 starts integration when the drainage liquid continuously flows in the discharge pipe 9 (S210, S220), and outputs a pulse signal once when the integrated amount becomes 1L (S230: YES). At the same time (S240), the integrated value is reset (S250). If the flow continues thereafter (S260: YES), the process returns to S220.

  Next, the contents of the drainage amount storage process in the drainage counter 40 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. When the pulse signal from the flow meter 6 is received (S310: YES), the current time T1 is read and stored from the time measuring unit 41 (S320), and the drainage count value C is incremented by 1 (S330). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the next pulse signal has been received (S340). When the next pulse signal is received (S340: YES), the process returns to S330 to increment the drainage count value C by one. On the other hand, when the predetermined time has passed without receiving the next pulse signal (S340: NO), the current time T2 is read again from the time measuring unit 41 and stored (S360). Then, the time zone is specified from the time T1 stored in S320 and the time T2 stored in S360 (S370), the time zone and the drainage amount are stored in the storage unit 42 (S380), and the drainage count value C is calculated. Reset (S390). Thereafter, the processing from S310 is repeatedly executed until the end time of the time zone 8 is timed from the time measuring unit 41 (S400: NO).

  When the end time is timed (S400: YES), the amount of drainage corresponding to the set time is stored in the form of overwriting the data three days before in the storage unit 42 (S410). The storage method here is a value obtained by multiplying the drainage count value C by 1L and dividing by the cultivation basis number or the number of cultivated strains so as to correspond to the setting method of the liquid supply condition in the irrigation control panel 30. And then stored in the storage unit 42. As described above, the drainage pump 6 is not necessarily started and stopped every set time zone, and therefore, the drainage amount of zero is stored depending on the time zone.

  Next, the contents of the display control in the drainage counter 40 will be described based on the flowchart of FIG. If there is a touch operation for instructing “display” on the screen of the monitor 43 equipped with a touch panel (S510: YES), a page storing the amount of liquid discharged one day ago is read and displayed on the monitor 43 (S515). When page feed is instructed by touch panel operation (S520: YES), the page storing the amount of drainage two days ago is read and displayed on the monitor 43 (S525). Further, when page feed is instructed (S530: YES), the page storing the amount of drainage three days ago is read and displayed on the monitor 43 (S535).

  The farm owner looks at this display and records the amount of drainage in a notebook or the like. As described above, it is desirable that a somewhat larger amount of drainage be stored in the set time zone 1 that is the first in the morning, and thereafter be within a range of appropriate values. The reason why the set time zone 1 has a relatively large amount of drainage is to quickly eliminate the dry state caused by not performing irrigation at night. Based on the history of the drainage volume for the past three days from the record of the note, the farm owner supplies the irrigation control panel 30 so as to avoid the waste of nutrient solution while avoiding the lack of nutrient solution. Change the liquid condition setting to an appropriate value.

  Next, Example 2 will be described. The configuration of the entire system is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, but the display control in the drainage counter 40 is the content shown in the flowchart of FIG.

  When “display” is instructed by touch panel operation (S610: YES), a page storing the amount of liquid discharged one day ago is read (S611). Then, it is determined whether or not the amount of drainage for each set time period is below the lower limit of the appropriate value set as the alarm condition (S612). If there is nothing less than the lower limit (S612: NO), it is next determined whether there is something exceeding the upper limit of the appropriate value (S613). If there is nothing exceeding the upper limit (S613: NO), the history page of the drainage amount one day before is displayed as it is (S614). On the other hand, if there is something that falls below the lower limit (S612: YES), the display method is set to an alarm warning state so that the data of the set time zone that is lower than the lower limit is displayed in red blinking. A history page is displayed (S615). If there is something exceeding the upper limit value (S613: YES), the display method is set to alarm warning so that the data of the set time zone exceeding the upper limit value is displayed in yellow blinking. A history page is displayed (S616). As a result, the time when the drainage volume falls below the lower limit of the set value flashes red, the time zone when the drainage volume exceeds the upper limit of the set value flashes yellow, and the drainage volume falls within the set value range. The time zone that has fallen in is displayed in the normal display. Hereinafter, when page feed by touch operation is instructed, the same processing is executed, and the set time zone in which the amount of drainage that is out of the set value range is recorded for the history two days ago and three days ago is also displayed. The pages are switched in such a manner that red blinking or yellow blinking is performed (S620, S625, S630, S635).

  According to this embodiment, the farmer can easily know the time zone in which there is a problem with the setting of the liquid supply conditions, and can intuitively know that the setting for the irrigation control panel 30 should be changed. . In particular, since a time zone in which there is a high possibility of insufficient liquid supply is displayed as a warning by blinking red, it is possible to quickly determine which time zone is likely to be a problem. Then, regarding the yellow flashing time zone, it is possible to know whether there is much waste due to how much the upper limit value is exceeded, and it is possible to carefully determine whether the liquid supply condition may be left as it is or to be corrected negatively. . In addition, it is possible to immediately know a normal time display as a normal time zone.

  Next, Example 3 will be described. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 8, unlike the first embodiment, a command is given from the drainage counter 40 to the irrigation control panel 30.

  In this embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9A, the drainage counter 40 executes a supply condition change command. When “check” is instructed by touch panel operation (S710: YES), the history of the drainage amount for the past three days is read (S720). Then, it is determined whether any of these histories is below the lower limit value (S730). If there is something lower than the lower limit value (S730: YES), it is determined whether or not the history of the same time zone in the history for three days is lower than the lower limit value (S740). When there is a time zone that falls below the lower limit value for all three days (S740: YES), the irrigation control panel 30 is commanded to change the setting of the liquid supply conditions together with information on the time zone that falls below the lower limit value (S750).

  If there is no history below the lower limit in the history of drainage volume in the past 3 days (S730: NO), it is determined whether there is any history exceeding the upper limit (S735). If there is something exceeding the upper limit value (S735: YES), it is determined whether or not the upper limit value is exceeded in the history of the same time zone in the history for three days (S745). If there is a time zone that exceeds the upper limit value for all three days (S745: YES), the irrigation control panel 30 is commanded to change the setting of the liquid supply conditions together with information on the time zone that exceeds the upper limit value (S755).

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9B, the irrigation control panel 30 displays a setting screen on the monitor 33 when there is a setting change command from the drainage counter 40 (S810: YES) (S820). The buzzer is sounded (S830), and the time zone setting field included in the command is displayed in red blinking (S840). Thereby, the farm manager can know that there is a problem in the setting condition and can deal with it by rewriting to an appropriate liquid supply condition.

  Next, Example 4 will be described. As in the third embodiment, a command is output from the drainage counter 40 to the irrigation control panel 30.

  In this embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10A, the drainage counter 40 executes a liquid supply condition change command. When “check” is instructed by touch panel operation (S910: YES), the history of the drainage amount for the past three days is read (S920), and if there is any of those histories below the lower limit, the history for three days It is determined whether the history of the same time zone is below the lower limit value (S930, S940), and if there is a time zone that falls below the lower limit value for all three days (S940: YES), the time below the lower limit value A command to increase the liquid supply amount by a predetermined amount for the belt is output to the irrigation control panel 30 (S950).

  Even if there is nothing below the lower limit (S930: NO), if there is something exceeding the upper limit, it is determined whether or not the upper limit is exceeded in the history of the same time zone in the history for three days (S935). , S945) If there is a time zone that exceeds the upper limit value for all three days (S945: YES), a command to reduce the liquid supply amount by a predetermined amount is output to the irrigation control panel 30 for the time zone that exceeds the upper limit value. (S955).

  As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10B, the irrigation control panel 30 displays a setting screen on the monitor 33 when there is a setting change command from the drainage counter 40 (S1010: YES) (S1020). The buzzer is sounded (S1030), and the data in the time zone setting column included in the command is changed according to the command (S1040), and the set time zone column is flashed in red (S1050). As a result, the farmer knows that the setting condition has a problem and that the correction has been made, determines whether the correction is appropriate, reduces it further if necessary, restores it, or reduces the amount of change. You can take measures such as rewriting the settings.

  Next, Example 5 will be described. The configuration of the entire system is the same as that shown in FIG. 1, but the contents of the drainage amount storage process in the drainage counter 40 are different in the following manner. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 11, when a pulse signal is received from the flow meter 6 (S1110: YES), the current time T1 is read from the timekeeping unit 41 and stored (S1120), and the drainage count value C is set to 1. Increment (S1130). Thereafter, it is determined whether or not the next pulse signal has been received (S1140). When the next pulse signal is received (S1140: YES), the process returns to S1130 to increment the drainage count value C by one. On the other hand, when the predetermined time has passed without receiving the next pulse signal (S1140: NO), the current time T2 is read again from the time measuring unit 41 and stored (S1160). Then, the time zone is specified from the time T1 stored in S1120 and the time T2 stored in S360 (S1170), the time zone and the drainage rate are stored in the storage unit 42 (S1180), and the drainage count value C is calculated. Reset is performed (S1190).

  Here, the drainage rate is “(drainage amount) / (liquid supply amount)”. This embodiment is a specification for a farmer who uses the drainage rate as an index. For the amount of liquid used to calculate the drainage rate, measure the amount of liquid supply in the set time period from the pulse from the flow meter installed in the irrigation unit or the flow meter installed before the branch of the liquid supply pipe and the flow rate per pulse. It is good also as a structure which calculates a drainage rate from a value, and it is good also as a structure which calculates a drainage rate from the supply amount calculation value calculated from the setting content of the irrigation control panel.

  Thereafter, the processing from S1110 onward is repeatedly executed until the end time of the time zone 8 is timed from the time measuring unit 41 (S1200: NO). When the end time is measured (S1200: YES), the drainage rate corresponding to the set time is stored in the form of overwriting the data three days before in the storage unit 42 (S1210).

  In this embodiment, the drainage rate is displayed by display control in the drainage counter 40.

  Next, Example 6 will be described. As shown in the block diagram of FIG. 12, unlike the first embodiment, the drainage counter 40 does not have a timekeeping unit, and the irrigation control panel 30 performs the irrigation start and irrigation end in each time zone with respect to the drainage counter 40. It is the structure which commands a timing.

  Although the drainage counter 40 does not have a timekeeping unit, the storage unit 42 is configured to store the drainage amount in a plurality of time zones as in the first embodiment.

  In this embodiment, as shown in the flowchart of FIG. 13, the irrigation control panel 30 receives a signal indicating that the set time of the time zone 1 has been reached from the time measuring unit 31 (S1310: YES), and the storage unit 32. The liquid supply unit 20 is instructed to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 1 and the drainage counter 40 is instructed to start irrigation (S1315).

  Thereafter, when the set time of the time zone 2 is reached, the liquid supply unit 20 is instructed to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 2 of the storage unit 32 and the drainage counter 40 is started to be irrigated. Instructed (S1320, S1325), when the set time of the time zone 3 is reached, the liquid supply unit 20 is instructed to supply liquid according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 3 of the storage unit 32, and the drainage counter 40 Irrigation start is commanded (S1330, S1335), and the same processing is executed thereafter. The liquid supply unit is set according to the liquid supply conditions set in the time zone 8 of the storage unit 32 at the set time of the time zone 8. 20 is instructed to supply water, and the drain counter 40 is instructed to start irrigation (S1380, S1385). And when it becomes the conditions which the irrigation in the time slot | zone 8 is complete | finished (S1390: YES), the irrigation completion signal is instruct | indicated with respect to the drainage counter 40 (S1395).

  The drainage pump 4 is driven under the driving conditions shown in the flowchart of FIG. The flow meter 6 also outputs a pulse signal according to the flowchart of FIG.

  The drain amount storage process in the drain counter 40 is configured as shown in the flowchart of FIG. When the first irrigation start signal is received from the irrigation control panel 30 (S1410), the time zone number N is set to 1 (S1420), and the drainage count value C is reset to zero (S1430). Thereafter, when a pulse signal is received from the flow meter 6 (S1440: YES), the drainage count value C is incremented by 1 (S1450). The counting up of the drainage count value C is repeated until the next irrigation start signal or irrigation end signal is received.

  When the next irrigation start signal is received (S1460: YES), the drainage count value C at that time is set as the drainage amount of the time zone N (S1470), and the time zone number N is incremented by 1 (S1480). Return to S1430.

  Further, when the irrigation end signal is received (S1465), the drainage count value C at that time is set as the drainage amount in the time zone N (S1475), and the data in the storage unit 42 is overwritten on the data three days ago. Then, the amount of drainage corresponding to each set time zone is stored (S1490).

  Subsequent display control in the drainage counter 40 is executed according to the flowchart of FIG.

  According to the sixth embodiment, the amount of drainage is automatically stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time zone of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone in the liquid feed unit without adjusting the time. The Rukoto.

  Next, Example 7 will be described. In the seventh embodiment, in the configuration of the sixth embodiment, the drainage counter 40 has a function of displaying a real-time drainage amount on the monitor 43 in a graph. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 15, when the drainage counter 40 receives the first irrigation start signal from the irrigation control panel 30 (S1510), it sets the time zone number N to 1 (S1520), and the drainage count value. C is reset to zero (S1530).

  Subsequently, the squares in the time zone N are displayed on the monitor 43 so that the horizontal axis is the time zone and the vertical axis is the drainage amount (S1540).

  Thereafter, when a pulse signal is received from the flow meter 6 (S1550: YES), the drainage count value C is incremented by 1 (S1555).

  When the next irrigation start signal is received (S1560: YES), the drainage count value C at that time is set as the drainage amount in the time zone N (S1570), and the drainage count value C corresponds to the position in the time zone N The bar graph to be displayed is displayed (S1580).

  Thereafter, the time zone number N is incremented by 1 (S1590), and the process returns to S1530.

  Further, when the irrigation end signal is received (S1565), the drainage count value C at that time is set as the drainage amount of the time zone N (S1575), and the bar graph corresponding to the drainage count value C at the time zone N position. Is displayed (S1585), and the amount of drainage corresponding to each set time zone is stored (S1600) by overwriting the data three days before in the storage unit 42.

  According to this embodiment, not only the past history can be displayed, but also the state of the change in the amount of drainage of the day can be notified in a graph display in real time.

  As mentioned above, although the Example of this invention was described, this invention is not limited to an Example, Of course, a various form can be employ | adopted within the range which does not deviate from the summary.

  For example, the drainage counter 40 may store the value of the drainage amount itself, or the drainage counter 40 and the irrigation control panel 30 may be integrated.

  It can be used for hydroponics of crops in greenhouses.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Greenhouse, 2 ... Medium, 3 ... Drain tank, 4 ... Drain pump, 5 ... Drain pipe, 6 ... Flow meter, 7 ... Liquid supply pipe, 8 ... Liquid collection tank, 9 ... Liquid collection pipe, 10 ... Hydroponic cultivation system, 20 ... Liquid supply unit, 30 ... Irrigation control panel, 31 ... Timekeeping unit, 32. ··· storage unit 33 ··· monitor, 34 ··· input / output unit, 40 ··· drainage counter, 41 ··· timing unit, 42 ··· storage unit, 43 ··· monitor, 44 -Input / output section.

Moreover, these hydroponics systems of this invention can be further equipped with the following structures.
(4D) The drainage amount output device for each time zone is displayed in a graph format for the corresponding time zone when the measurement of the drainage amount for each time zone is completed, with one of the horizontal axes on the vertical axis being a time zone. Have a graphing function to display the output of the drainage volume .

In this way, the drainage pump is not a part that keeps operating for a long time, but has an advantage that it can prevent inaccurate measurement due to air biting by operating until it becomes low level when it becomes high level. . In addition, once the drainage pump is activated, a certain amount or more of the drainage is discharged continuously, so the drainage amount is simple, for example, a 1 pulse signal is output at 1L. It is possible to measure fairly accurately with this flow meter. Therefore, the amount of drainage for determining whether or not irrigation for each time zone is appropriate can be accurately measured at low cost.

Furthermore, each hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention can also have the following configuration.
(8) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the range of the appropriate value set in advance. Is a liquid supply amount within the liquid supply condition of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel for the time zone corresponding to the drainage amount with a value outside the range of the appropriate value. It is provided with a liquid supply condition automatic updating means for increasing or decreasing in a direction approaching the inside.

If there is no lower than the lower limit in the drainage volume of the history of the last three days (S730: NO), it determines whether there is more than the upper limit value among these history (S735). If there is something exceeding the upper limit value (S735: YES), it is determined whether or not the upper limit value is exceeded in the history of the same time zone in the history for three days (S745). If there is a time zone that exceeds the upper limit value for all three days (S745: YES), the irrigation control panel 30 is commanded to change the setting of the liquid supply conditions together with information on the time zone that exceeds the upper limit value (S755).

The hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention made to achieve the above object includes a liquid supply unit for supplying a nutrient solution to a nutrient culture medium installed in a greenhouse, and an exhaust discharged from the medium. A drainage tank for storing the liquid and a drainage pump for discharging the drainage liquid from the drainage tank are provided, and the following configuration is also provided.
(1) The liquid supply unit is configured as a device for supplying a nutrient solution having a predetermined fertilizer concentration to the culture medium, and a time measuring unit for measuring time, and at least during the day A time zone liquid supply condition setting unit for setting a liquid supply condition for each time zone divided into a plurality of time zones with respect to the time zone, the time measured by the time measuring unit and the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone It is driven and controlled by an irrigation control panel that supplies nutrient solution according to the setting contents of.
(2) a flow meter installed in the discharge path from the pump, Bei example a drainage counter for storing the measured value of the flow meter, the flow meter, the amount of drainage passing through the installation location It is composed of a device that outputs a pulse signal every time it reaches a predetermined amount, and the drainage counter is composed of a device that calculates a drainage amount based on a pulse integrated value obtained by integrating pulse signals input from the flowmeter. That.
(3A) The drainage counter includes a timekeeping unit that measures time and a storage area for each time zone in which a day is divided into a plurality of time zones , and a pulse signal is continuously input from the flowmeter . It is configured as a device that specifies the time zone to be measured and the drainage amount for the time zone from the pulse integrated value and the time between them, and stores the drainage amount for each time zone in the storage area for each time zone is being done.
(4A) A drainage amount output device for each time zone that outputs the drainage amount for each time zone stored in the storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is provided.
(5) The storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is configured so as to be able to store the drainage amount corresponding to the setting of the time zone in the time zone supply condition setting unit of the irrigation control panel. That.
(6) The float that starts the discharging operation when the amount of drainage stored in the draining tank reaches a predetermined high level amount, and stops the discharging operation when the amount reaches a predetermined low level amount. It is composed of a pump with a pad.

Also, by providing the configuration of (5), the liquid supply in any time zone in the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel can be determined from the drainage amount stored in the time zone storage area of the drainage counter. This is because it is easily determined which time zone should be used to maintain the conditions and correct the liquid supply conditions. The storage area for each time zone on the drainage counter side is determined in conjunction with the time zone setting in the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone on the irrigation control panel side, so that the above-mentioned functions and effects are further improved. It can also be set as the structure which exhibits reliably.

As the configuration to be interlocked, the configurations of (3A), (4A) and (5) of the present invention can be changed to the following (3B) and (4B).
(3B) The drainage counter is a time zone to be measured based on the start of irrigation for each time zone and the end of irrigation in the last time zone of the day or the time setting in the liquid supply unit. Based on the accumulated pulse signal between the start of irrigation and the start of irrigation in the next time zone or the end of irrigation in the last time zone, the amount of drainage in the time zone to be measured is calculated And it is comprised as an apparatus which memorize | stores separately the drainage amount for every time slot | zone by memorize | storing as the drainage quantity with respect to the time slot | zone used as the said measurement object .
(4B) The drainage amount stored separately in the drainage counter is output as the drainage amount corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit. Provide a liquid output device.

Furthermore, each hydroponic cultivation system of the present invention can also have the following configuration.
( 8A ) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the range of the preset appropriate value. Is a liquid supply amount within the liquid supply condition of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel for the time zone corresponding to the drainage amount with a value outside the range of the appropriate value. It is provided with a liquid supply condition automatic updating means for increasing or decreasing in a direction approaching the inside.
(8B) When the liquid supply amount is increased or decreased by the liquid supply condition automatic updating means, a means for notifying a set time zone in which the increase or decrease is performed is provided.

Claims (8)

A liquid supply unit for supplying nutrient solution to a culture medium for nutrient solution culture installed in a greenhouse, a drainage tank for storing drainage discharged from the medium, and draining the drainage from the drainage tank The hydroponic cultivation system characterized by having the following structure.
(1) The liquid supply unit includes a timekeeping unit that measures time, and a time zone in which liquid supply conditions for each time zone are set by dividing the time zone into a plurality of time zones at least during the day. A liquid supply condition setting unit, and being driven and controlled by an irrigation control panel that supplies the nutrient solution according to the time measured by the time measuring unit and the setting contents of the time period liquid supply condition setting unit.
(2) A flow meter installed in the discharge path from the pump, and a drainage counter for storing the measured value of the flow meter.
(3A) The drainage counter includes a timekeeping unit that measures time, and a storage area for each time zone that divides a day into a plurality of time zones, and a measurement value that is input from the flow meter, and the timekeeping unit From the relationship with the time measured, the apparatus is configured as a device that stores the drainage amount for each time zone in the time zone storage area.
(4A) A drainage amount output device for each time zone that outputs the drainage amount for each time zone stored in the storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is provided. The hydroponic cultivation system according to claim 1, further comprising the following configuration.
(5) The storage area for each time zone of the drainage counter is configured so as to be able to store the drainage amount corresponding to the setting of the time zone in the time zone supply condition setting unit of the irrigation control panel. That. A liquid supply unit for supplying nutrient solution to a culture medium for nutrient solution culture installed in a greenhouse, a drainage tank for storing drainage discharged from the medium, and draining the drainage from the drainage tank The hydroponic cultivation system characterized by having the following structure.
(1) The liquid supply unit includes a timekeeping unit that measures time, and a time zone in which liquid supply conditions for each time zone are set by dividing the time zone into a plurality of time zones at least during the day. A liquid supply condition setting unit, and being driven and controlled by an irrigation control panel that supplies the nutrient solution according to the time measured by the time measuring unit and the setting contents of the time period liquid supply condition setting unit.
(2) A flow meter installed in the discharge path from the pump, and a drainage counter for storing the measured value of the flow meter.
(3B) The drainage counter discharges a measurement value input from the flow meter in a specific time period from the start of irrigation for each time period in the liquid supply unit to the end of irrigation in the time period. By being stored as a liquid volume, the apparatus is configured as a device that separately stores the liquid discharge volume for each time period.
(4B) The drainage amount stored separately in the drainage counter is output as the drainage amount corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit. Provide a liquid output device. The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising the following configuration.
(4C) The drainage amount output device for each time zone includes a fluid amount calculation means for each time zone for calculating the fluid supply amount for each time zone by the liquid supply unit. It is configured as a means for performing output based on the drainage rate obtained by dividing the liquid volume by the liquid supply volume. The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising the following configuration.
(4D) The drainage amount output device for each time zone is displayed in a graph format for the corresponding time zone when the measurement of the drainage amount for each time zone is completed, with one of the horizontal axes on the vertical axis being a time zone. It has a graphing function to output the amount of waste liquid. The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising the following configuration.
(6) The float that starts the discharging operation when the amount of drainage stored in the draining tank reaches a predetermined high level amount, and stops the discharging operation when the amount reaches a predetermined low level amount. It is composed of a pump with a pad. The hydroponics system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising the following configuration.
(7) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the range of the appropriate value set in advance. Is provided with an alarm notification means for reporting an alarm. The hydroponic cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising the following configuration.
(8) When the amount of drainage stored in the drainage counter corresponding to each time slot of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time slot in the liquid supply unit is out of the preset appropriate value range The liquid supply amount within the liquid supply condition of the liquid supply condition setting unit for each time zone of the irrigation control panel for the time zone corresponding to the drainage amount with a value outside the range of the appropriate value is within the range of the appropriate value. It has liquid supply condition automatic update means to increase or decrease in the direction approaching.

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