JP2014140000A - 光電変換素子 - Google Patents
光電変換素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2014140000A JP2014140000A JP2013077629A JP2013077629A JP2014140000A JP 2014140000 A JP2014140000 A JP 2014140000A JP 2013077629 A JP2013077629 A JP 2013077629A JP 2013077629 A JP2013077629 A JP 2013077629A JP 2014140000 A JP2014140000 A JP 2014140000A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- photoelectric conversion
- compound
- transport layer
- conversion element
- electrode
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/542—Dye sensitized solar cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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Abstract
【解決手段】 第1の電極と、電子輸送層と、第1のホール輸送層と、第2の電極と、を有する光電変換素子であって、前記第1のホール輸送層は、芳香環に[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基が結合された芳香族化合物が重合した重合体を含む、光電変換素子。
【選択図】図1
Description
前記第1のホール輸送層は、芳香環に[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基が結合された芳香族化合物が重合した重合体を含む、
光電変換素子が提供される。
第1の基板1及び第2の基板2は、一定の硬性を保持するために設けられ、可視光に対して透明な材質のものであれば特に限定されない。具体例としては、ガラス、透明プラスチック板、透明プラスチック膜、無機物透明結晶体などが挙げられる。
第1の電極3の電子集電電極としては、可視光に対して透明な導電性物質であれば、特に限定されず、公知の光電変換素子又は液晶パネルなどで使用される電極を使用することができる。
前述したように、本実施形態の光電気変換素子100は、第1の電極3上に、後述する半導体の微粒子などから形成される電子輸送層5を有する。
本実施形態におけるホール輸送層8は、第1の電極側から、第1のホール輸送層9及び第2のホール輸送層10を積層した構造を有し、第2のホール輸送層10は、高分子材料を含む。成膜性に優れる高分子材料を含むことにより、多孔質状の第2の電子輸送層の表面をより平滑化にすることができ、光電変換特性を向上することができる。また、高分子材料は、多孔質状の電子輸送層内部へ浸透することが困難であるため、多孔質状の第2の電子輸送層表面の被覆性に優れ、電極を設置する際の短絡防止にも効果を発揮する。
以下に、一般式(2)で表される芳香族化合物の具体的な例示化合物を表4に示すが、本発明は、この例示化合物に限定されない。
[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基を有する芳香族化合物の硬化触媒による重合の反応様式1における、概略的な反応式は下記の通りである。
[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基を有する芳香族化合物の硬化触媒による重合の反応様式2における、概略的な反応式は下記の通りである。
[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基を有する芳香族化合物の硬化触媒による重合の反応様式3における、概略的な反応式は下記の通りである。
[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基を有する芳香族化合物の硬化触媒による重合の反応様式4乃至6における、概略的な反応式は下記の通りである。
ホール集電電極である第2の電極4は、ホール輸送層8又は金属酸化物層11上に形成される。第2の電極4の材料としては、前述した第1の電極3と同様のものを用いることができる。また、強度や密封性が十分に保たれる構成の場合、支持体はなくても良い。
先ず、実施例で使用した各化合物の合成例について説明する。
合成例1で想定する反応式は、
合成例2で想定する反応式は、
合成例3で想定する反応式は、
合成例4で想定する反応式は、
合成例5で想定する反応式は、
合成例6で想定する反応式は、
合成例7で想定する反応式は、
合成例8で想定する反応式は、
合成例9で想定する反応式は、
次に、実施例及び比較例で作製した光電変換素子について説明する。
実施例1における、ホール輸送性化合物を、表5に示すホール輸送性化合物に変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法により、実施例2乃至8の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドをリチウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドに変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、実施例9の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(ペンタフルオロエチルスルホニル)イミドに変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、実施例10の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(ペンタフルオロエチルスルホニル)イミド/リチウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド(重量比=1/1)に変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、実施例11の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを過塩素酸リチウムに変更した以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、実施例12の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1と同様の方法により、酸化チタン半導体電極を得た。
実施例13における、表1の例示化合物と表4の例示化合物とを、表6に示す例示化合物の組み合わせに変更した以外は、実施例13と同様の方法により、実施例14乃至25の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例13における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを、リチウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドに変更した以外は、実施例13と同様の方法により、実施例26の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例13における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを、1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(ペンタフルオロエチルスルホニル)イミドに変更した以外は、実施例13と同様の方法により、実施例27の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例13における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを、1−エチル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(ペンタフルオロエチルスルホニル)イミド/リチウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミド(重量比=1/1)に変更した以外は、実施例13と同様の方法により、実施例28の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例13における、1−n−ヘキシル−3−メチルイミダゾリニウムビス(トリフルオロメチルスルホニル)イミドを、過塩素酸リチウムに変更した以外は、実施例13と同様の方法により、実施例29の光電変換素子を得た。
実施例1におけるホール輸送性化合物を、下記化合物No.19又は化合物No.20に変更し、パラトルエンスルホン酸を除いた以外は実施例1と同様の方法により、各々、比較例1、比較例2の光電変換素子を得た。
ホール輸送性化合物形成時にパラトルエンスルホン酸を1質量%加えた以外は比較例1と同様の方法により、比較例4の光電変換素子を得た。
各実施例及び比較例の光電変換素子について、擬似太陽光照射下(AM1.5、100mW/cm2)における光電変換効率を測定した。擬似太陽光は、英弘精機製ソーラーシミュレーターSS−80XIL、評価機器はNF回路設計ブロック社製太陽電池評価システムAs−510−PV03を用いて測定した。
2 第2の基板
3 第1の電極
4 第2の電極
5 電子輸送層
6 第1の電子輸送層
7 第2の電子輸送層
8 ホール輸送層
9 第1のホール輸送層
10 第2のホール輸送層
11 金属酸化物層
13 第1のリード線
14 第2のリード線
100 光電変換素子
Claims (9)
- 第1の電極と、電子輸送層と、第1のホール輸送層と、第2の電極と、を有する光電変換素子であって、
前記第1のホール輸送層は、芳香環に[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基が結合された芳香族化合物が重合した重合体を含む、
光電変換素子。 - 前記重合体は、前記芳香族化合物の一部が切れて脱離する反応により形成される重合体を含む、
請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。 - 前記重合体は、前記芳香族化合物が、硬化触媒によって、前記[(テトラヒドロ−2H−ピラン−2−イル)オキシ]メチル基の一部が切れて脱離して重合することにより形成される重合体を含む、
請求項4に記載の光電変換素子。 - 前記電子輸送層は、酸化チタン、酸化亜鉛、酸化スズ及び酸化ニオブの群から選択される少なくとも1つの材料を含む、
請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。 - 前記第1のホール輸送層は、イオン液体を含む
請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。 - 前記イオン液体は、イミダゾリウム化合物を含む、
請求項7に記載の光電変換素子。 - 前記第1のホール輸送層と前記第2の電極との間に、ホール輸送性の高分子材料を含む、第2のホール輸送層が形成されている、
請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の光電変換素子。
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