JP2014114744A - Compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compressor for compressing a carbon dioxide refrigerant which can be designed to have a board thickness of a compressor shell corresponding to the refrigerant pressure at a working temperature.SOLUTION: A compressor for compressing carbon dioxide refrigerant 100 comprises a compression mechanism part A that compresses the carbon dioxide refrigerant; an electrically drive mechanism part B that drives the compression mechanism part A; a shell 6 that accommodates the compression mechanism part A and the electrically drive mechanism part B; a carbon dioxide absorber 17 that is provided outside the shell 6 for absorbing the carbon dioxide refrigerant within the shell 6; and a heater 17c that is provided outside the carbon dioxide absorber 17 for heating the carbon dioxide absorber 17.

Description

  The present invention relates to a compressor used as an element device of a heat pump device such as a refrigerator or an air conditioner, and more particularly to a compressor assuming the use of carbon dioxide as a refrigerant to be compressed.

  Conventionally, there is a hermetic scroll compressor. Such a hermetic scroll compressor includes a compression mechanism portion composed of a fixed scroll and an orbiting scroll, an electric mechanism portion composed of a stator and a rotor, a main shaft driven to rotate by the electric mechanism portion, and the compression mechanism portion. And a sealed shell that houses the electric mechanism, a suction pipe that sucks refrigerant gas, a discharge pipe that discharges compressed refrigerant gas, a power line for the stator, and a connection line for the thermal protector outside the shell In order to take out, it is comprised with the sealing terminal welded to the shell, the bearing, and the positive displacement oil pump which supplies lubricating oil to each sliding part (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP-A-5-209591 (FIG. 1 etc.)

  In a compressor as described in Patent Document 1, carbon dioxide can be used as a refrigerant to be compressed. Assuming that it is used as a refrigerant that compresses carbon dioxide, the strength design of the compressor shell is the pressure when the compressor stops and the carbon dioxide refrigerant reaches room temperature, and the refrigerant pressure in the compressor shell increases. It is necessary to consider the design. That is, the plate thickness of the compressor shell must be designed in consideration of the refrigerant pressure at room temperature even if the refrigerant pressure at the operating temperature is lowered.

  In order to prevent the refrigerant pressure in the compressor shell from becoming high even when the compressor is stopped and the carbon dioxide refrigerant is at room temperature, a container that is 15 to 20 times larger than the compressor is compressed. Must be attached separately to the machine. In other words, simply providing a container that can absorb carbon dioxide cannot meet the demand for downsizing.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and compresses a carbon dioxide refrigerant. The thickness of the compressor shell can be designed to a thickness corresponding to the refrigerant pressure at the operating temperature. Aims to provide a simple compressor.

  A compressor according to the present invention is a compressor that compresses carbon dioxide refrigerant, and includes a compression mechanism unit that compresses the carbon dioxide refrigerant, an electric mechanism unit that drives the compression mechanism unit, the compression mechanism unit, and the compression mechanism unit. A shell that houses the electric mechanism, a carbon dioxide absorber that is provided outside the shell and absorbs the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the shell while the electric mechanism is stopped, and a heater that heats the carbon dioxide absorber And.

  The compressor according to the present invention includes the carbon dioxide absorber that absorbs the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the shell and the heater that heats the carbon dioxide absorber while the electric mechanism unit is stopped. Even if the pressure increases, the carbon dioxide refrigerant is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorber, so that the refrigerant pressure in the shell can be prevented from increasing, and the carbon dioxide refrigerant can be regenerated as needed by the heater. Therefore, according to the compressor concerning the present invention, it becomes possible to constitute a shell with the board thickness designed by the refrigerant pressure according to use temperature.

It is a schematic block diagram which shows the structural example of the compressor which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram illustrating a configuration example of a compressor 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The configuration and operation of the compressor 100 will be described with reference to FIG. The compressor 100 is shown as an example of a scroll compressor. For example, a component device of a refrigeration cycle apparatus (heat pump apparatus) such as a refrigerator, a freezer, a vending machine, an air conditioner, a refrigeration apparatus, or a water heater. It becomes one of. In addition, in the following drawings including FIG. 1, the relationship of the size of each component may be different from the actual one.

  The compressor 100 sucks the refrigerant circulating in the refrigeration cycle, compresses it, and discharges it as a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The compressor 100 assumes the use of carbon dioxide as a refrigerant to be compressed. As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 100 is configured by connecting a shell 6 and a carbon dioxide absorber 17 by an inflow pipe 17a and an outflow pipe 17b.

  The shell 6 is a pressure vessel, and the compression mechanism part A (fixed scroll 1, swing rock 2) and the electric mechanism part B (stator 3, rotor 4) are accommodated therein. The compression mechanism portion A is disposed on the upper side of the shell 6, and the electric mechanism portion B is disposed on the lower side of the shell 6. The bottom of the shell 6 is a sump 21 for storing the refrigerator oil 16. The shell 6 is connected to a suction pipe 7 for sucking the carbon dioxide refrigerant and a discharge pipe 8 for discharging the carbon dioxide refrigerant. Further, a frame 10 and a subframe 11 are fixed inside the shell 6.

  A glass terminal 9 is installed on the shell 6. The glass terminal 9 is for electrically connecting an external power source and the stator 3 housed in the shell 6. The glass terminal 9 is sealed and installed so as to penetrate a part of the side wall of the shell 6. That is, the glass terminal 9 has a function of bridging while electrically insulating the inside and outside of the shell 6. The compressor 100 is connected to a control device (not shown) that controls the operation of the electric mechanism B. This control device is connected to the electric mechanism part B through the glass terminal 9.

  The fixed scroll 1 is fixed to the frame 10 with bolts 30 or the like that are fixing members. The fixed scroll 1 includes an end plate and a wrap portion that is a spiral protrusion having an involute curve shape that is erected on one surface of the end plate (the lower surface of the drawing). In addition, a discharge port 19 is formed at the center of the fixed scroll 1 to discharge the compressed and high-pressure refrigerant gas.

  The orbiting scroll 2 performs a revolving orbiting motion without rotating with respect to the fixed scroll 1. The orbiting scroll 2 includes an end plate and a wrap portion that is a spiral projection having an involute curve shape that is erected on one surface of the end plate (the upper surface on the paper surface). In addition, a hollow cylindrical rocking scroll boss portion is formed at a substantially central portion of a surface (hereinafter referred to as a thrust surface) opposite to the wrap portion forming surface of the rocking scroll 2. The swing scroll boss is fitted (engaged) with a swing shaft 12 provided at the upper end of a main shaft 5 to be described later.

  The fixed scroll 1 and the orbiting scroll 2 are mounted in the shell 6 with their respective lap portions engaged with each other. And between each lap | wrap part, the compression chamber 20 from which a volume changes relatively is formed. Note that an Oldham ring (not shown) is disposed between the orbiting scroll 2 and the fixed scroll 1 to prevent the rotation of the orbiting scroll 2 during the eccentric orbiting motion. This Oldham ring functions to prevent the orbiting scroll 2 from rotating and to enable a revolving orbiting motion.

  The electric mechanism part B functions to drive the orbiting scroll 2 constituting the compression mechanism part A in order to compress the carbon dioxide refrigerant by the compression mechanism part A. That is, the electric mechanism B drives the orbiting scroll 2 via the main shaft 5 so that the carbon dioxide refrigerant is compressed by the compression mechanism A. The electric mechanism part B has a function of rotating the rotor 4 when the energization of the stator 3 is started and rotating the main shaft 5 fixed to the rotor 4.

  The main shaft 5 may be configured by selecting a material that has rigidity capable of ensuring an allowable deflection amount with respect to an acting gas load, has good machinability, and can reduce costs. An upper end portion of the main shaft 5 is formed with an oscillating shaft 12 that is rotatably fitted to the oscillating scroll boss portion of the oscillating scroll 2. In addition, an oil supply passage 5 a serving as a passage for the refrigerating machine oil 16 stored in the oil sump 21 is formed inside the main shaft 5. Then, the refrigerating machine oil 16 accumulated in the sump 21 can be sucked up along with the rotation of the main shaft 5 and supplied to the compression mechanism A.

  In the frame 10, the outer peripheral surface is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the shell 6 by shrink fitting, welding, or the like, and a through hole through which the main shaft 5 is inserted is formed at the center. A main bearing 13 that rotatably supports the main shaft 5 is provided in the through hole. The frame 10 is installed above the shell 6 and supports the upper part of the main shaft 5.

  The subframe 11 also has an outer peripheral surface fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the shell 6 by shrink fitting, welding, or the like, and a through hole through which the main shaft 5 is inserted is formed at the center. The through hole is provided with a sub-bearing 14 for rotatably supporting the main shaft 5. The subframe 11 is installed below the shell 6 and supports the lower part of the main shaft 5.

  The carbon dioxide absorber 17 is installed outside the shell 6 through the inflow pipe 17a and the outflow pipe 17b. The inflow pipe 17 a is connected to a low pressure space in the shell 6, which is lower than the center part in the vertical direction of the shell 6 and above the subframe 11. The inflow pipe 17 a allows the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the shell 6 to flow into the carbon dioxide absorber 17. The outflow pipe 17 b is connected to the bottom of the shell 6, that is, the side part of the sump 21. The outflow pipe 17 b allows the carbon dioxide refrigerant to flow out from the carbon dioxide absorber 17 to the shell 6. The inflow pipe 17a is provided with a valve 17e, and the outflow pipe 17b is provided with a valve 17f. The valve 17e and the valve 17f open and close the inflow pipe 17a and the outflow pipe 17b.

  The carbon dioxide absorber 17 is provided with a carbon dioxide absorbent 17d such as methanol, polyethylene glycol, or ceramic. Further, a heater 17 c for heating from the carbon dioxide absorber 17 is installed outside the carbon dioxide absorber 17. That is, by heating the carbon dioxide absorber 17 via the heater 17c, the carbon dioxide refrigerant absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d is released from the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d and regenerated and returned to the shell 6. . In order to efficiently heat the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d, the heater 17c may be provided on a surface facing the side surface of the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d. However, the heater 17c may be divided and provided.

Here, the operation of the compressor 100 will be described.
When a drive voltage is supplied to the electric mechanism part B, the rotor 4 rotates by receiving a rotational force from a rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 3. Accordingly, the main shaft 5 fixed to the rotor 4 and supported by the main bearing 13 and the sub bearing 14 is driven to rotate. The rotational motion of the main shaft 5 is transmitted to the swing scroll 2 via the swing shaft 12 and the swing scroll boss portion of the main shaft 5. The orbiting scroll 2 revolves with its rotation controlled by an Oldham ring (not shown).

  By rotating the main shaft 5, the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the shell 6 is sucked into the compression chamber 20 on the outer peripheral side formed by the fixed scroll 1 and the swing scroll 2. The low-temperature and low-pressure carbon dioxide refrigerant that has circulated through the refrigeration cycle flows into the shell 6 from the suction pipe 7. The carbon dioxide refrigerant taken into the compression chamber 20 moves toward the center while being gradually compressed with the rotation of the orbiting scroll 2. The carbon dioxide refrigerant compressed in the compression chamber 20 becomes a high-pressure state and is discharged from the discharge port 19 of the fixed scroll 1 and flows out of the compressor 100 after passing through the upper space in the shell 6. Is done. The compressed high-pressure carbon dioxide refrigerant flows out of the shell 6 from the discharge pipe 8 and circulates in the refrigeration cycle.

  When the supply of the drive voltage to the electric mechanism B is stopped, the compressor 100 stops, the carbon dioxide refrigerant reaches room temperature, and when the pressure in the shell 6 increases, the valve 17e of the inflow pipe 17a is opened. By doing so, the carbon dioxide refrigerant flows into the carbon dioxide absorber 17 through the inflow pipe 17a. The carbon dioxide refrigerant that has flowed into the carbon dioxide absorber 17 is absorbed by the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d.

  On the other hand, when the supply of the drive voltage to the electric mechanism B is resumed and the compressor 100 is started, the carbon dioxide absorber 17 is overheated by the heater 17c. When the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d is heated to a predetermined temperature, the carbon dioxide refrigerant absorbed in the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d is released and regenerated. Thereafter, the valve 17f of the outflow pipe 17b is opened. By doing so, after the refrigerating machine oil 16 accumulated in the lower part of the carbon dioxide absorber 17 is pushed out into the shell 6 through the outflow pipe 17b, the carbon dioxide refrigerant can be returned into the shell 6.

  The timing and opening time for opening the valve 17f may be set based on the type and amount of the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d accommodated in the carbon dioxide absorber 17. Further, how many times the heater 17c is heated may be set based on the type and amount of the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d. Furthermore, what amount of carbon dioxide refrigerant is absorbed may be set as appropriate based on the use and capacity of the compressor 100. Furthermore, the valve 17e and the valve 17f are controlled by a control device (not shown).

  As described above, according to the compressor 100, even if the compressor 100 is stopped and the carbon dioxide refrigerant reaches room temperature, and the pressure in the shell 6 increases, the carbon dioxide absorber 17 absorbs carbon dioxide and the shell. Since the pressure in the internal pressure 6 is not increased, the shell 6 can be configured with a plate thickness designed with a refrigerant pressure corresponding to the operating temperature. Further, the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d is housed in the carbon dioxide absorber 17, and the carbon dioxide absorbent 17d is heated by the heater 17c, so that the carbon dioxide refrigerant can be absorbed and regenerated according to the required amount of the carbon dioxide refrigerant. Therefore, the carbon dioxide absorber 17 can be made 1/70 to 1/80 in size as compared with the conventional container attached to the compressor.

  In this embodiment, the hermetic scroll compressor has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the compressor has another structure (for example, a rotary compressor, a vane compressor, a screw compressor, etc.). It can also be applied.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fixed scroll, 2 Swing scroll, 3 Stator, 4 Rotor, 5 Spindle, 5a Oil supply flow path, 6 Shell, 7 Intake pipe, 8 Discharge pipe, 9 Glass terminal, 10 frame, 11 Sub frame, 12 Swing Shaft, 13 Main bearing, 14 Sub bearing, 16 Refrigerating machine oil, 17 Carbon dioxide absorber, 17a Inflow pipe, 17b Outflow pipe, 17c Heater, 17d Carbon dioxide absorbent, 17e valve, 17f valve, 19 Discharge port, 20 Compression chamber , 21 Oil sump, 30 volts, 100 compressor, A compression mechanism part, B electric mechanism part.

Claims (5)

A compressor for compressing carbon dioxide refrigerant,
A compression mechanism for compressing the carbon dioxide refrigerant;
An electric mechanism for driving the compression mechanism;
A shell that houses the compression mechanism and the electric mechanism;
A carbon dioxide absorber that is provided outside the shell and absorbs the carbon dioxide refrigerant in the shell while the electric mechanism is stopped;
A heater for heating the carbon dioxide absorber;
The compressor characterized by having. The carbon dioxide absorber is
The compressor according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is provided in the shell through an inflow pipe connected to the low pressure space of the shell and an outflow pipe connected to a sump of the shell. . The compressor according to claim 2, wherein the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe are respectively provided with valves for opening and closing the inflow pipe and the outflow pipe. The valve provided in the inflow pipe is
Controlled to open the inflow pipe by stopping the supply of drive voltage to the electric mechanism unit,
The valve provided in the outflow pipe is
The control of opening the outflow pipe after heating the carbon dioxide absorber to a predetermined temperature via the heater by resuming the supply of the drive voltage to the electric mechanism section. Compressor. Inside the carbon dioxide absorber,
The compressor according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a carbon dioxide absorbent that absorbs the carbon dioxide refrigerant is housed.

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