JP2014095480A - Moving agricultural machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a moving agricultural machine capable of improving efficiency of work by securing a stable work speed although an engine rotating speed and the speed ratio of a continuous speed variation mechanism (64) can be changed at the same time by operating a single accelerator operation member (87).SOLUTION: A moving agricultural machine includes a traveling vehicle (1) mounted with an engine (2), an accelerator operation member (87) which varies the speed of rotation of the engine (2), and a continuous speed variation mechanism (64) which continuously varies the speed of rotation from the engine (2). The moving agricultural machine is configured to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle (1) by controlling the engine rotating speed based upon the manipulated variable of the accelerator operation member (87) and also controlling the speed variation output of the continuous speed variation mechanism (64).

Description

  The present invention relates to mobile agricultural machines such as rice transplanters and agricultural tractors.

  For example, when changing the moving speed of rice transplanters, agricultural tractors, etc., the accelerator operation performed by the engine, the main transmission operation performed by the transmission case, and the sub-transmission operation performed by operating the continuously variable transmission mechanism during the main transmission operation For example, the movement speed changing operation during the field work is performed by two systems of an accelerator operation and a sub-shift operation.

JP-A-7-13581 JP-A-8-89010

  However, the shift operation by the two systems as described above has the disadvantage that the operation is complicated and the operability is poor. Therefore, there is a means for integrating the accelerator operation and the sub-speed change operation and linking them to either one. However, as the engine speed decreases, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism also decreases proportionally. In the case of the configuration of changing to the side, if the engine speed is reduced, the moving speed becomes extremely low and the horsepower is insufficient, and there is a problem that proper field work cannot be performed. In addition, when the engine speed is increased, the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism is changed proportionally to the higher speed side. If the engine speed is high, the engine speed can be changed by operating the accelerator even slightly. Then, there is a disadvantage that the moving speed changes greatly each time.

  In addition, when it is necessary to reduce the moving speed of the airframe, such as when the airframe is turning on a field headland, in such a linked structure, the engine speed is also low, and the airframe turning force is sufficient due to the engine output. There was an inconvenience that it could not be secured.

  In order to achieve the above object, the mobile agricultural machine according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an engine (2) mounted on a traveling vehicle (1) and a continuously variable transmission that continuously rotates the rotation from the engine (2). In a mobile agricultural machine provided with a mechanism (64), based on the amount of operation of a single operating member (87), the engine speed is controlled and the shift output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled, so that the traveling It is configured to control the moving speed of the car (1).

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the mobile agricultural machine according to the first aspect, a plurality of modes relating to a speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected, and when any of the modes is selected, If the engine speed is within a constant section (a) in the constant low speed range by operating the operating member (87) to the low speed side, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to a constant minimum speed. The value is held at (L).

  A third aspect of the invention provides the mobile agricultural machine according to the first aspect, wherein a plurality of modes relating to a speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are selectable, and when any of the modes is selected, If the engine speed is within a constant section (b) that is a constant high speed range by operating the operating member (87) to the high speed side, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to a constant maximum speed. The value is held at (H).

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, a mobile agricultural machine comprising an engine (2) mounted on a traveling vehicle (1) and a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) that continuously changes the rotation from the engine (2). , The engine speed is controlled based on the operation amount of the single operating member (87), and the shift output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle (1). Since the single accelerator operating member (87) changes the engine speed and the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), the operability and feeling ( Car sense).

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, a plurality of modes relating to the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected, and the operation member (87) can be selected regardless of which mode is selected. If the engine speed is within a constant section (a), which is a constant low speed range, by operating to the low speed side, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is maintained at a constant minimum speed value (L). Therefore, the engine (2) prevents the engine (2) from lowering the working speed more than a predetermined value, eliminates the insufficient horsepower in the low speed range of the engine (2), and varies the engine speed in the low speed range. Even in such a case, the speed ratio can be reliably maintained at the minimum speed value to stabilize the work.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, a plurality of modes relating to the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected, and the operation member (87) can be selected regardless of which mode is selected. If the engine speed is within a constant section (b), which is a constant high speed range, by operating to the high speed side, the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is maintained at a constant maximum speed value (H). Therefore, for example, by operating the operation member (87) to the maximum operation position, the output rotation speed of the engine (2) is maintained at a high rotation speed suitable for work conditions. It can move in (upper limited speed state). Inconveniences such as frequent reduction of the work speed during work in the high rotation range of the frequently used engine (2) can be solved, and a stable work speed can be secured to improve work efficiency.

Whole side view of rice transplanter. Overall plan view of rice transplanter. Side surface explanatory drawing of a traveling vehicle body. Plane explanatory drawing of a traveling vehicle body. Side surface explanatory drawing of a transmission case part. Side surface explanatory drawing of a transmission motor part. Explanatory drawing of the drive system of a mission case. Explanatory drawing of an accelerator pedal part. FIG. flowchart. Mode diagram.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a passenger rice transplanter, and FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof. In FIG. 1, (1) is a traveling vehicle on which an operator is boarded, and an engine (2) is mounted on a body frame (3). A front axle case (5) is supported in front of the case (4) via a front axle case (5), and a rear axle case (7) is connected to the rear part of the transmission case (4) to connect the rear axle case ( 7) support the rear wheels (8) for paddy field travel. The spare seedling platforms (10) are attached to both sides of the bonnet (9) covering the engine (2) and the like, and the transmission case (4) is mounted by the vehicle body cover (12) on which the operator gets on via the getting-on / off step (11). ) And the like, and a driver's seat (13) is attached to the upper part of the vehicle body cover (12), and a steering handle (14) is provided at the rear of the bonnet (9) in front of the driver's seat (13).

  Further, in the figure, (15) is a planting part having a seedling mount (16) for six-row planting and a plurality of planting claws (17), etc. A rotary case (21) for supporting the seedling stage (16) on the planting case (20) through the lower rail (18) and the guide rail (19) so as to be slidable to the left and right and rotating at a constant speed in one direction. Is supported by the planting case (20), and a pair of claw cases (22) and (22) are arranged at symmetrical positions around the rotational axis of the case (21). The claw cases (22) and (22) ) Attach the planting claws (17) and (17) to the tip. Further, a hitch bracket (24) is provided on the front side of the planting case (20) via a rolling fulcrum shaft (23), and a lifting link mechanism (27) including a top link (25) and a lower link (26) is provided. A hitch bracket (24) is connected to the rear side of the traveling vehicle (1), and a hydraulic lifting cylinder (28) for moving the planting part (15) up and down via the link mechanism (27) is connected to the lower link (26). The seedlings (17) are taken out by the planting claws (17) continuously from the seedling mounting base (16) that moves while driving the front and rear wheels (6) and (8). It is configured to perform seedling planting work.

  In the figure, (29) is a main shift lever, (30) is a planting lever (upper limit setting means) which is also an auxiliary shift lever, (31) is a sensitivity setting device, (32) is a main clutch pedal, and (33) ( 33) is a left and right brake pedal, (34) is a two-level leveling center float, (35) is a two-level leveling side float, and (36) is a six-level side fertilizer.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a gantry (37) is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the front portion of the vehicle body frame (3) which is inclined to a front low rear height (an inclination angle of about 4 degrees), and the gantry (37). The engine (2) is mounted on the upper surface of the engine (2) via an anti-vibration rubber (38) and an engine stand (39), a fuel tank (40) is mounted on the left side of the engine (2), and a right side of the engine (2) is mounted. A muffler (41) is attached to the vehicle body, and a battery (43) is attached to the vehicle frame (3) at the front center side.

  Still further, a steering wheel (14) for fixing a case base (44) to the vehicle body frame (3), attaching a steering case (45) to the case base (44), and inserting the steering wheel into the handle cylinder (46). The steering shaft (14a) is erected on the upper surface of the steering case (45) at the approximate center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3), and the output shaft (47) is projected on the lower surface of the steering case (45). The steering arm (48) for changing the direction of the left and right front wheels (6) (6) is attached to the output shaft (47).

  A cylindrical bearing body (49) that is substantially horizontal in the front-rear direction is welded and fixed to the lower side of the engine base (39) below the engine (2), and a counter shaft (50) is attached to the bearing body (49). The counter pulley (51) is attached to the front end of the counter shaft (50) that is inserted and supported and protrudes forward of the bearing body (49), and the front of the engine (2) is positioned approximately at the upper center between the left and right body frames (3) and (3). The engine output shaft (52) is projected on the output shaft, the output pulley (53) is attached to the output shaft (52), and the output pulley (53) is connected to the counter pulley (51) via the V belt (54). I am letting.

  Further, a rear axle case (7) is bolted and fixed to the rear end of the vehicle body frame (3), the rear surface of the transmission case (4) is connected and fixed to the front surface of the rear axle case (7), and the right side of the transmission case (4) A hydraulic pump (57) for integrally forming a clutch case (55) on the front surface, fitting and fixing the right rear surface of the continuously variable belt transmission case (56) on the front surface of the clutch case (55), and operating the lifting cylinder (28). The case (4) (55) (56) is fixed to the left rear surface of the belt transmission case (56), and is positioned lower than the upper surface between the right and left body frames (3) and (3) of the square pipe shape. And the hydraulic pump (57) is suspended and fixed, and the transmission shaft (58) with a universal joint is connected to the rear end of the counter shaft (50) and the belt transmission case (56). The transmission output of the engine (2) is transmitted to the belt transmission case (56), and the front wheel transmission shaft (59) is provided between the front axle case (5) and the transmission case (4), and the transmission output of the transmission case (4) is provided. Is transmitted to the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) through the axle cases (5) and (7).

  As shown in FIG. 7, an input / output pulley (61) (62) and a V-belt (63) that change the gear ratio steplessly by changing the winding diameter by operating the electric transmission motor (electric cylinder) (60). The belt-type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), which is a sub-transmission unit configured by the above-mentioned), is installed in the belt transmission case (56), and the multi-plate friction type dry clutch (65) that is intermittently operated by the clutch pedal (32) is The transmission motor is installed in the clutch case (55), and the output shaft (66) of the belt transmission case (56) is connected to the input shaft (67) of the transmission case (4) via the clutch (65). (60) Thus, the planting work speed, which is a sub-shift, is changed.

  A travel output shaft (69) is connected to the input shaft (67) via a travel transmission gear mechanism (68), and the front and rear wheels (6) and (8) are connected to front and rear wheel transmission shafts (59) and (70). The travel output shaft (69) is connected to drive the front and rear wheels (6) and (8), and the input shaft (67) is connected to the PTO via a PTO transmission gear mechanism (71) and a planting clutch (72). The shaft (73) is connected, the planting part (15) is driven via the PTO shaft (73), and the output of the PTO shaft (73) is branched by the sprocket (74) near the transmission case (4). The machine (36) is configured to be driven. Reference numeral (75) denotes a hydraulic pump that operates the elevating cylinder (28). The speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) may be changed by using an electromagnetically operated hydraulic cylinder instead of the transmission motor (60).

  As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the speed change motor (60) is substantially parallel to the inner side of the rear part of the left and right body frame (3) and is integrally connected to the front sub-rear frame and the left sub-frame (76). The base end of the transmission motor (60) is attached to the fixed bracket (77) of the left subframe (76) via the pivot shaft (78) so as to be movable up and down, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64). The motor shaft (60a) of the speed change motor (60) is connected to the speed change lever (79) on the front face of the speed change case (56) via the connecting link (80) and the pulling arm (81). ) Is operated to expand and contract the motor shaft (60a), and the speed change lever (79) is operated to shift the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) to change the speed ratio.

  The pulling arm (81) pivotally supports an intermediate portion on the left body frame (3) via a horizontal shaft (82) so that the intermediate portion can swing freely. One end side is the motor shaft (60a) and the other end side is the link. (80) are connected to each other to transmit the shift operation output from the shift motor (60) to the shift lever (79), and to the left body frame (3) via a mounting plate (83) or the like. The sensor arm (85) of the ratio sensor (84) and the detection shaft (86) of the pulling arm (81) are engaged and connected, and the pulling arm (81) is swung by the speed change motor (60). The speed ratio sensor (84) detects the speed ratio when the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is shifted.

  As shown in FIGS. 4 and 8, an accelerator pedal (87) as an accelerator operating device is disposed near the brake pedal (33) on the right outside of the right body frame (3), and the pedal of the pedal (87) is arranged. The pedal arm (89) fixed to the shaft (88) and the throttle part (2a) of the engine (2) for controlling the fuel supply amount of the engine (2) are interlocked and connected via an accelerator wire (90), A detection shaft (91) fixed to the tip of the pedal arm (89) and a sensor arm (93) of a potentiometer type accelerator sensor (92) fixed to the right body frame (3) side are engaged and connected to each other. The stepping operation amount (increase / decrease in engine speed) of 87) is detected by the accelerator sensor (92).

  Further, a speed increasing switch (95) for detecting a speed increasing operation of the pedal (94) is provided on the speed increasing pedal (94) disposed at a lower foot portion of the driver seat (13), so that the continuously variable transmission mechanism is provided. When the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated to increase speed (switch (95) is turned on) at the lowest speed (64), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is increased to an intermediate speed. Yes.

  As shown in FIG. 9, a pitch-up engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the rotation speed of the engine output shaft (52) and a main clutch switch (97) for detecting on / off of the main clutch pedal (32). A planting switch (98) for detecting on / off of the planting clutch (72), and an interlocking switch (99) which is a switching member for interlocking the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) with the operation of the accelerator pedal (94). ) (Upper limit setting means), a shift position sensor (100) (upper limit setting means) for detecting a sub shift position by the planting lever (30), the speed ratio sensor (84) and the accelerator sensor (92), The controller includes an acceleration switch (95) and a mode selection switch (101) for selecting one of the speed ratio modes (A), (B), and (C) of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) according to various working conditions. 102) and a controller (102) connected to the transmission motor (60) via a relay circuit (103) to change the engine speed by operating the pedal (87), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) ) Is also changed accordingly, and the engine speed and the gear ratio are changed simultaneously by operating a single pedal (87).

  This embodiment is configured as described above. As shown in the flowchart of FIG. 10, the main clutch switch (97) is off (main clutch is on) and the planting switch (98) is on (planting clutch (72). When the interlock switch (99) is on and the accelerator pedal (87) is depressed to increase the engine speed, the detected output of the accelerator sensor (92) ( Based on the engine speed), standard mode (A), speed priority mode (B) (priority is given by increasing the gear ratio), and power mode (C) (as shown in FIG. 11). The target gear ratio (V1) corresponding to the output (V) of the accelerator sensor (92) is calculated from one mode (A), (B), or (C) selected from the above (assuring axle torque). , The speed ratio sensor When the difference (| V1-V2 |) between the speed ratio (V2) detected by the driver (84) and the target speed ratio (V1) is equal to or greater than the dead band (V0), this difference (| V1-V2 |) is regarded as the dead band. (V0) is subjected to acceleration / deceleration control of the transmission motor (60) such that | V1-V2 | <V0.

  Further, in this case, the speed ratio in the constant section (a) (b), which is the constant low rotation range and the high rotation range of the accelerator sensor (93), holds the minimum speed value (L) and the maximum speed value (H). For example, by maintaining the speed ratio at the minimum speed (L) between 1700 and 1900 rpm of the engine speed on the low speed side of the accelerator sensor (92) output, the planting work speed of the engine (2) is reduced. Prevents lowering than the specified value, eliminates the lack of horsepower in the engine (2) low speed range, and ensures that the gear ratio remains at the lowest speed (L) even when the engine speed varies in the low speed range. To stabilize the work. On the other hand, by maintaining the gear ratio at the highest speed (H) between the engine speeds of 3400 to 3900 rpm on the high speed side of the accelerator sensor (92) output, the high speed range of the frequently used engine (2) This eliminates the inconvenience that the work speed is frequently decelerated during work, and secures a stable work speed to improve work efficiency. In the intermediate engine speed range (c) (c = 1900 to 3400 rpm) of the engine speed output by the accelerator sensor (92), the speed ratio is increased according to the output of the accelerator sensor (92), and the accelerator operation is performed. The work operability is improved by obtaining a sense of work speed that is approximately proportional.

  When the interlock switch (99) is in the OFF state, the transmission motor (60) is driven to a position corresponding to the output (V3) of the transmission position sensor (100) by the operation of the planting lever (30). The work is performed by appropriately changing the planting work speed with the attached lever (30). The planting lever (30) performs mechanical switching of the planting clutch (72) and mechanically adjusts the sub-shift position of the planting lever (30) with a shift position sensor (100). It detects automatically and shifts the planting work speed.

  Further, when the planting switch (98) is not planted (reverse, turning, traveling on the road, etc.) or when the main clutch switch (97) is stopped, the accelerator pedal (87) can be operated by the accelerator. Regardless of this, the speed ratio is kept at the minimum speed value (L) to make the reverse and turning operations stable and good, and prevent sudden start from stopping the aircraft. Further, when the speed increasing pedal (94) is operated and the speed increasing switch (95) is turned on during non-planting work in the field or on the road, the gear ratio is increased to the intermediate speed (M). To speed up these tasks.

  In the above-described embodiment, the configuration is shown in which the engine speed and the gear ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are controlled by operating the accelerator pedal (87) only. However, an accelerator lever (as shown in FIG. 104) is also possible in the same way. Any continuously variable transmission mechanism such as a hydraulic continuously variable transmission mechanism (HST) may be used instead of the belt type continuously variable transmission mechanism (64).

  As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention includes a traveling vehicle (1) equipped with the engine (2), an accelerator operating member (87) for shifting the rotation of the engine (2), and the engine (2). A continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) that changes the moving speed of the traveling vehicle or the working speed of the working unit by continuously rotating the rotation, and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) based on the operation amount of the accelerator operating member (87). In the mobile agricultural machine configured to control the shift output of), when the rotation speed of the engine (2) is in a high rotation range greater than or equal to a predetermined speed by the shift operation of the accelerator operation member (87), the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64 ) Is maintained at the initially set substantially constant maximum speed, so that the engine speed and the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) are controlled by a single accelerator operating member (87). Change the speed ratio and When the engine speed is in the high rotation range (b) where the engine is frequently used, the transmission ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is set to the initial set abbreviation. The work efficiency can be improved by reliably maintaining the constant maximum speed and stabilizing the work speed.

  A speed change motor (60) that changes the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), a speed ratio sensor (84) that detects the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64), and a speed change operation of the accelerator operating member (87) An accelerator sensor (92) for detecting the amount and an engine rotation sensor (96) for detecting the rotation speed of the engine (2) are provided, and the rotation speed of the engine (2) is changed by operating the accelerator operation member (87). And the speed change ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is changed. Therefore, the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to increase in speed while preventing the engine (2) from being insufficiently output. Deceleration control is possible. The acceleration or deceleration operability of the accelerator operation member (87) can be improved.

(1) Traveling vehicle (2) Engine (30) Planting lever (sub-shift lever, upper limit setting means)
(64) continuously variable transmission mechanism (87) accelerator pedal (accelerator operating member)
(92) Accelerator sensor (99) Interlocking switch (upper limit setting means)
(100) Shift position sensor (upper limit setting means)
(A) (b) (Engine) Rotation range (L) (H) (Minimum gear ratio) Minimum speed and Maximum speed

Claims (3)

In a mobile agricultural machine comprising an engine (2) mounted on a traveling vehicle (1) and a continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) for continuously changing the rotation from the engine (2),
Based on the operation amount of the single operating member (87), the engine speed is controlled and the shift output of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) is controlled to control the moving speed of the traveling vehicle (1). Configured to,
Mobile agricultural machine. A plurality of modes relating to the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected,
Regardless of which mode is selected, if the engine speed is within a constant section (a) in a constant low speed range by operating the operating member (87) toward the low speed side, the continuously variable transmission is performed. Holding the speed ratio of the mechanism (64) at a constant minimum speed value (L);
The mobile agricultural machine according to claim 1. A plurality of modes relating to the speed ratio of the continuously variable transmission mechanism (64) can be selected,
Regardless of which mode is selected, if the engine speed is within a constant section (b), which is a constant high speed range, by operating the operating member (87) toward the high speed side, the continuously variable transmission is performed. Holding the speed ratio of the mechanism (64) at a constant maximum speed (H);
The mobile agricultural machine according to claim 1.

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