JP2014093280A - Cooling structure of battery pack - Google Patents

Cooling structure of battery pack Download PDF

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JP2014093280A
JP2014093280A JP2012245093A JP2012245093A JP2014093280A JP 2014093280 A JP2014093280 A JP 2014093280A JP 2012245093 A JP2012245093 A JP 2012245093A JP 2012245093 A JP2012245093 A JP 2012245093A JP 2014093280 A JP2014093280 A JP 2014093280A
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holding member
battery
cooling structure
battery pack
batteries
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JP5942792B2 (en
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Yasuhiro Endo
康浩 遠藤
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cooling structure of a battery pack capable of uniformly cooling batteries.SOLUTION: The cooling structure of the battery pack includes a plurality of batteries 10, 10a, 10b, and 10c and a holding member 20 formed by a heat conduction material for holding them, and a coolant passage 30 is formed by the battery 10 and the holding member 20. As the passage goes toward the downstream from the upstream in the coolant flowing direction shown by an arrow A1, the contact area between the holding member 20 and the battery 10 becomes larger, and the cross-sectional area of the coolant passage 30 becomes smaller.

Description

本発明は、電池パックの冷却構造に関して、より特定的には、車両に搭載される電池パックの冷却構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a battery pack cooling structure, and more particularly to a battery pack cooling structure mounted on a vehicle.

従来、電池の保持および冷却構造は、例えば、特開２００８−１４０７５２号公報（特許文献１）、特開２００７−６６７７３号公報（特許文献２）、特開２００６−１９６４７１号公報（特許文献３）、特開２０１１−１２９４２８号公報（特許文献４）に開示されている。   Conventional battery holding and cooling structures include, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2008-140752 (Patent Document 1), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-66773 (Patent Document 2), and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-196471 (Patent Document 3). JP, 2011-129428, A (patent documents 4).

特許文献１および２では下流側に向かって冷媒流路の断面積を大きくするとともに、保持部材と電池の接触面積を小さくする構成が開示されている。   Patent Documents 1 and 2 disclose a configuration in which the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path is increased toward the downstream side, and the contact area between the holding member and the battery is reduced.

特許文献３では下流側に向かって冷媒流路の段面積を小さくして下流側において流速を向上させた構成が開示されている。   Patent Document 3 discloses a configuration in which the flow area is improved on the downstream side by reducing the step area of the refrigerant channel toward the downstream side.

特許文献４では、電池ホルダが開示されている。   In Patent Document 4, a battery holder is disclosed.

特開２００８−１４０７５２号公報JP 2008-140752 A 特開２００７−６６７７３号公報JP 2007-66773 A 特開２００６−１９６４７１号公報JP 2006-196471 A 特開２０１１−１２９４２８号公報JP 2011-129428 A

しかしながら、従来の構造では、複数の電池間での温度のばらつきがあるという問題があった。   However, the conventional structure has a problem in that there is a variation in temperature among a plurality of batteries.

そこで、この発明は上記の問題を解決するためになされたものであり、複数の電池を均一に冷却することが可能な電池パックの冷却構造を提供することを目的とするものである。   Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problem, and an object thereof is to provide a battery pack cooling structure capable of uniformly cooling a plurality of batteries.

この発明に従った電池パックの冷却構造は、複数の電池と、それらを保持する熱伝導材料により構成される保持部材とを備え、電池と保持部材とにより冷媒流路が形成されており、冷媒の流れる方向の上流から下流に向かうにつれて、保持部材と電池との接触面積が大きくなり、かつ冷媒流路の断面積が小さくなる。   The cooling structure of the battery pack according to the present invention includes a plurality of batteries and a holding member made of a heat conductive material that holds them, and a refrigerant channel is formed by the battery and the holding member. The area of contact between the holding member and the battery increases and the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant channel decreases as the direction from the upstream to the downstream of the flow direction of the refrigerant flows.

このように構成された電池パックの冷却構造では、上流から下流に向かうにつれて保持部材と電池との接触面積が大きくなり、かつ、冷媒流路の断面積が小さくなるため、下流側で流速が速くなり、かつ、保持部材へ熱が伝導しやすくなる。上流側では冷媒と電池との温度差が大きくなる。その結果、上流側および下流側で電池が均等に冷却される構造を提供することができる。   In the battery pack cooling structure configured as described above, the contact area between the holding member and the battery increases from the upstream toward the downstream, and the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path decreases. And heat is easily conducted to the holding member. On the upstream side, the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the battery increases. As a result, it is possible to provide a structure in which the battery is uniformly cooled on the upstream side and the downstream side.

実施の形態１に従った、保持部材に千鳥状に配置された電池を有する電池パックの冷却構造の正面図である。FIG. 3 is a front view of a cooling structure of a battery pack having batteries arranged in a staggered manner on a holding member according to the first embodiment. 図１中のＩＩ−ＩＩ線に沿った断面図である。It is sectional drawing along the II-II line | wire in FIG. 比較例に従った、保持部材に配置された電池を有する電池パックの冷却構造の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the cooling structure of the battery pack which has the battery arrange | positioned at the holding member according to a comparative example. 比較例に従った電池パックの冷却構造の平面図である。It is a top view of the cooling structure of the battery pack according to a comparative example. 比較例に従った電池パックの冷却構造における電池の温度を示すグラフである。It is a graph which shows the temperature of the battery in the cooling structure of the battery pack according to a comparative example. 実施の形態２に従った、保持部材にフィンが設けられた電池パックの冷却構造の正面図である。FIG. 6 is a front view of a battery pack cooling structure in which a fin is provided on a holding member according to a second embodiment.

本発明に基づいた実施の形態における電池パックの冷却構造について、以下、図を参照しながら説明する。なお、以下に説明する実施の形態において、個数、量などに言及する場合、特に記載がある場合を除き、本発明の範囲は必ずしもその個数、量などに限定されない。また、同一の部品、相当部品に対しては、同一の参照番号を付し、重複する説明は繰り返さない場合がある。   A battery pack cooling structure according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Note that in the embodiments described below, when referring to the number, amount, and the like, the scope of the present invention is not necessarily limited to the number, amount, and the like unless otherwise specified. The same parts and corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description may not be repeated.

（実施の形態１）
図１は、実施の形態１に従った、保持部材に千鳥状に配置された電池を有する電池パックの冷却構造の正面図である。図２は、図１中のＩＩ−ＩＩ線に沿った断面図である。 (Embodiment 1)
FIG. 1 is a front view of a cooling structure for a battery pack having batteries arranged in a staggered manner on a holding member according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

図１および図２を参照して、電池パックの冷却構造は、複数の電池１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃと、それらを保持する熱伝導材料により構成される保持部材２０とを備え、電池１０と保持部材２０とにより冷媒流路３０が形成されており、冷媒の流れる矢印Ａ１で示す方向の上流から下流に向かうにつれて、保持部材２０と電池１０との接触面積が大きくなり、かつ冷媒流路３０の断面積が小さくなる。   1 and 2, the battery pack cooling structure includes a plurality of batteries 10, 10 a, 10 b, and 10 c and a holding member 20 made of a heat conductive material that holds them, A refrigerant channel 30 is formed by the holding member 20, and the contact area between the holding member 20 and the battery 10 increases as the direction from the upstream to the downstream in the direction indicated by the arrow A <b> 1 flows, and the refrigerant channel 30. The cross-sectional area of becomes smaller.

電池１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃは、車両に搭載される電池であり、車両としてはハイブリッド車両（ＨＶ)、電気自動車（ＥＶ）に代表されるように、車両の駆動力に電力を用いる車両に限られず、駆動力に電力を用いないが電池を搭載している車両も対象となる。   The batteries 10, 10 a, 10 b, and 10 c are batteries mounted on a vehicle. As represented by a hybrid vehicle (HV) and an electric vehicle (EV), the vehicle is a vehicle that uses electric power for driving power of the vehicle. It is not limited, and vehicles that do not use power for driving force but are equipped with batteries are also targeted.

電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの各々は円柱形状である。しかしながら、この形状に限られず、角柱形状、錐形状などの様々な形状を採用することが可能である。電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃは千鳥状に配置されているが、この配置に限定されず、直線状に配置されてもよい。   Each of the batteries 10a, 10b, 10c has a cylindrical shape. However, the present invention is not limited to this shape, and various shapes such as a prism shape and a cone shape can be employed. The batteries 10a, 10b, and 10c are arranged in a staggered manner, but are not limited to this arrangement, and may be arranged in a straight line.

保持部材２０は厚みの異なる第一部分２１０、第二部分２２０および第三部分２３０を有している。第一部分２１０の厚みが最も小さく、第三部分２３０の厚みが最も厚い。第一部分２１０の厚みはＷ１であり、第二部分２２０の厚みはＷ２であり、第三部分２３０の厚みはＷ３であり、Ｗ１＜Ｗ２＜Ｗ３の関係が成立する。   The holding member 20 has a first portion 210, a second portion 220, and a third portion 230 having different thicknesses. The thickness of the first portion 210 is the smallest and the thickness of the third portion 230 is the thickest. The thickness of the first portion 210 is W1, the thickness of the second portion 220 is W2, the thickness of the third portion 230 is W3, and the relationship of W1 <W2 <W3 is established.

保持部材２０は、熱伝導性材料により構成されており、電池１０ａ，１ｂ，１０ｃで発生した熱を放熱することが可能である。保持部材２０の厚みは図２では段階的に変化しているが、保持部材２０の厚みが連続的に変化してもよい。   The holding member 20 is made of a heat conductive material, and can radiate heat generated in the batteries 10a, 1b, and 10c. Although the thickness of the holding member 20 changes stepwise in FIG. 2, the thickness of the holding member 20 may change continuously.

冷媒流路３０は、保持部材２０の表面で電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの間に構成されており、矢印Ａ１で示す方向に流れる冷媒は、冷媒流路３０を流れる。冷媒流路３０の断面積は、上流側で大きく、下流側で小さい。   The refrigerant channel 30 is configured between the batteries 10 a, 10 b, and 10 c on the surface of the holding member 20, and the refrigerant that flows in the direction indicated by the arrow A <b> 1 flows through the refrigerant channel 30. The cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path 30 is large on the upstream side and small on the downstream side.

保持部材２０と電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃとの接触面積は、上流側で小さく、下流側で大きい。   The contact area between the holding member 20 and the batteries 10a, 10b, and 10c is small on the upstream side and large on the downstream side.

図３は、比較例に従った、保持部材に配置された電池を有する電池パックの冷却構造の斜視図である。図４は、比較例に従った電池パックの冷却構造の平面図である。図５は、比較例に従った電池パックの冷却構造における電池の温度を示すグラフである。   FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a cooling structure of a battery pack having a battery arranged on a holding member according to a comparative example. FIG. 4 is a plan view of the cooling structure of the battery pack according to the comparative example. FIG. 5 is a graph showing the battery temperature in the battery pack cooling structure according to the comparative example.

図３から５を参照して、電池１０は、外周面１１、および電極１２，１３を有する。保持部材２０は、側面２１、上面２２および接触面２１２ａを有する。接触面２１２ａを固定するためのボルト３１が設けられている。   Referring to FIGS. 3 to 5, battery 10 has an outer peripheral surface 11 and electrodes 12 and 13. The holding member 20 has a side surface 21, an upper surface 22, and a contact surface 212a. A bolt 31 for fixing the contact surface 212a is provided.

電池１０と保持部材２０との接触面積は一定である。矢印Ａ１で示す方向に冷媒が流れると、電池１０の熱は、冷媒へ移動する。上流側で冷媒の温度が低く、下流側で冷媒の温度が高くなる。その結果、図５で示すように、上流側での電池１０ａの温度が低くなり、下流側での電池１０ｃの温度が高くなる。   The contact area between the battery 10 and the holding member 20 is constant. When the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the arrow A1, the heat of the battery 10 moves to the refrigerant. The refrigerant temperature is low on the upstream side, and the refrigerant temperature is high on the downstream side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature of the battery 10a on the upstream side decreases, and the temperature of the battery 10c on the downstream side increases.

これに対して、図１および図２で示す構成において、矢印Ａ１で示す方向に冷媒が流れると、電池１０の熱は、冷媒へ移動する。冷媒は電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃによって加熱されるため、上流側では冷媒の温度は低く、下流側で冷媒の温度は高い。しかしながら、電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃと保持部材２０との接触面積は、上流側で小さく、下流側で大きいため、下流側では上流側と比較して多くの熱が保持部材２０により放散される。   On the other hand, in the configuration shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the refrigerant flows in the direction indicated by the arrow A1, the heat of the battery 10 moves to the refrigerant. Since the refrigerant is heated by the batteries 10a, 10b, and 10c, the temperature of the refrigerant is low on the upstream side, and the temperature of the refrigerant is high on the downstream side. However, since the contact area between the batteries 10a, 10b, 10c and the holding member 20 is small on the upstream side and large on the downstream side, more heat is dissipated by the holding member 20 on the downstream side than on the upstream side.

冷媒流路３０の断面積が上流側で大きく下流側で小さいため、下流側において冷媒の流速が大きくなる。その結果、下流側での冷媒による電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの冷却能力を向上させることができる。   Since the cross-sectional area of the refrigerant flow path 30 is large on the upstream side and small on the downstream side, the flow rate of the refrigerant is large on the downstream side. As a result, the cooling capacity of the batteries 10a, 10b, 10c by the refrigerant on the downstream side can be improved.

以上のように構成された電池パックの冷却構造においては、通常であれば発生する電池の温度のばらつきを、保持部材２０および電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの配置により軽減している。これにより、複数の電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃを均一に冷却することが可能となる。   In the battery pack cooling structure configured as described above, variations in battery temperature that would normally occur are reduced by the arrangement of the holding member 20 and the batteries 10a, 10b, and 10c. Thereby, it becomes possible to cool the some battery 10a, 10b, 10c uniformly.

（実施の形態２）
図６は、実施の形態２に従った、保持部材にフィンが設けられた電池パックの冷却構造の正面図である。図６を参照して、下流側での保持部材２０の冷却を促進するためにフィン１００を保持部材２０に取り付けてもよい。この場合、実施の形態１で示したように、保持部材２０に厚みの変化を設けなくてもよい。保持部材２０の厚みは一定であるため、各電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃと保持部材２０との接触面積も一定である。 (Embodiment 2)
FIG. 6 is a front view of the battery pack cooling structure in which the holding member is provided with fins according to the second embodiment. Referring to FIG. 6, the fin 100 may be attached to the holding member 20 in order to promote cooling of the holding member 20 on the downstream side. In this case, as shown in the first embodiment, the holding member 20 may not have a change in thickness. Since the thickness of the holding member 20 is constant, the contact area between each battery 10a, 10b, 10c and the holding member 20 is also constant.

フィンを設けることで、下流側での保持部材２０から冷媒への熱の放散が促進される。そのため、下流側において電池１０ｃから保持部材２０への熱の移動量が増加するため、電池１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃの温度のばらつきの発生を抑制することが可能となる。   By providing the fins, heat dissipation from the holding member 20 to the refrigerant on the downstream side is promoted. Therefore, since the amount of heat transfer from the battery 10c to the holding member 20 increases on the downstream side, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of temperature variations in the batteries 10a, 10b, and 10c.

今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は上記した説明ではなくて特許請求の範囲によって示され、特許請求の範囲と均等の意味および範囲内でのすべての変更が含まれることが意図される。   The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is defined by the terms of the claims, rather than the description above, and is intended to include any modifications within the scope and meaning equivalent to the terms of the claims.

本発明は、電池パックの冷却構造、特に自動車に搭載される電池パックの冷却構造の分野において用いることができる。   The present invention can be used in the field of a battery pack cooling structure, in particular, a battery pack cooling structure mounted on an automobile.

１０，１０ａ，１０ｂ，１０ｃ 電池、２０ 保持部材、３０ 冷媒流路、１００ フィン、２１０ 第一部分、２２０ 第二部分、２３０ 第三部分。   10, 10a, 10b, 10c Battery, 20 holding member, 30 refrigerant flow path, 100 fin, 210 first part, 220 second part, 230 third part.

Claims (1)

複数の電池と、それらを保持する熱伝導材料により構成される保持部材とを備え、
前記電池と前記保持部材とにより冷媒流路が形成されており、
冷媒の流れる方向の上流から下流に向うにつれて、前記保持部材と前記電池との接触面積が大きくなり、かつ冷媒通路の断面積が小さくなる、電池パックの冷却構造。 A plurality of batteries and a holding member made of a heat conductive material that holds them,
A refrigerant flow path is formed by the battery and the holding member,
A battery pack cooling structure in which a contact area between the holding member and the battery increases and a cross-sectional area of the refrigerant passage decreases as the refrigerant flows from upstream to downstream.
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JP2022506564A (en) * 2018-11-05 2022-01-17 ゼロテック リミテッド Duct and duct manufacturing method
WO2024058739A1 (en) * 2022-09-12 2024-03-21 Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi Battery thermal management system with liquid cooling and cold plate

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JP2022506564A (en) * 2018-11-05 2022-01-17 ゼロテック リミテッド Duct and duct manufacturing method
WO2024058739A1 (en) * 2022-09-12 2024-03-21 Karadeniz Teknik Universitesi Battery thermal management system with liquid cooling and cold plate

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