JP2014087127A - Generator and power generation system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a generator which is capable of sufficiently attaining suppression of cogging without complicating the structure thereof.SOLUTION: A motor 1 comprises: a rotor yoke 4 including a cylindrical hollow portion 5 and grooves towards the hollow portion 5, the grooves being as many as a multiple of 2; a rotor part 2 including rotor-side permanent magnets 6U and 6L, protrusions 8U, 9 and 8L, and a winding wire portion 18 circumferentially wound around the hollow portion 5; and a stator part 3 in which stator members formed from stator yokes 12U and 12L, permanent magnets 15U and 15L opposing permanent magnets 7U and 7L, protrusions 16U, 16U, 16 Land 16 L, and winding wire portions 17U and 17L which are circumferentially wound oppositely to the permanent magnets 15U and 15L at a side opposing the rotor part 2 are included in such a manner that the protrusions 16Uand 16Uand the protrusions 16 Land 16 Lare deviated by a half pitch from each other between axially neighboring stator members.

Description

  The present invention relates to a generator and a power generation system.

  In a generator having a rotor (rotor) having a magnet such as a permanent magnet and a stator (stator) having a coil, the power generation efficiency of the generator can be improved as the number of turns of the coil increases. However, when the number of turns of the coil is increased, the generator is increased in size.

  On the other hand, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a motor that is reduced in size and improved in output by arranging a rotor-side magnet and a stator-side coil in a predetermined positional relationship. Therefore, it is considered that a generator with high power generation efficiency can be obtained by adopting the positional relationship between the magnet and coil of the motor in the generator.

  Moreover, in the above generators, it is known that cogging torque is generated between the rotor and the core when the rotor rotates. This cogging torque is caused by attractive force or repulsive force generated between the rotor and the magnetic pole of the core, and causes cogging in the rotation of the rotor. Therefore, the rotation of the rotor becomes unstable due to the cogging torque. With regard to this point, for example, Patent Document 2 discloses means for suppressing the cogging by making the shape of the portion to which the magnet of the rotor is attached have a predetermined shape, so that the change in magnetic flux when the rotor rotates is moderated. ing.

Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2006-340425 (see abstract, etc.) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-101695 (see abstract, etc.)

  However, each of the above-described conventional techniques has a problem in that the structure is complicated and the cogging is not sufficiently suppressed.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a generator and a power generation system that can sufficiently suppress cogging without obtaining a complicated structure and can obtain large generated power.

  The generator according to the present invention is made of a soft magnetic material, and includes a rotor yoke having a cylindrical nonmagnetic material portion and a multiple of 2 grooves toward the nonmagnetic material portion, and NS magnetizing in the axial direction. Ring-shaped rotor-side permanent magnets, and a plurality of rotors that protrude toward the stator side of the rotor-side permanent magnets and that are arranged at a fixed pitch in a straight line at positions spaced apart from each other across the rotor-side permanent magnets The rotor part which has a side protrusion part, the rotor side coil wound by the circumferential direction around a nonmagnetic body part, and a rotor which consists of a soft magnetic body, opposes a stator yoke and a rotor side permanent magnet, and is an axial direction rotor. A ring-shaped stator side permanent magnet magnetized in the opposite polarity to the side permanent magnet, and protrudes toward the rotor side of the stator side permanent magnet, and is fixed in a straight line at positions spaced apart from each other across the stator side permanent magnet. Stays arranged at the pitch A stator member comprising a side protrusion and a stator side coil wound in the circumferential direction on the side opposite to the side facing the rotor part of the stator side permanent magnet, between the stator members adjacent in the axial direction. And a stator portion in which the side protrusions are shifted from each other by a half pitch.

  In the generator of the present invention, a non-magnetic body portion is installed in a multiple, and each non-magnetic body portion extends in the axial direction so as to connect two adjacent rotor-side permanent magnets, and the length of the non-magnetic body portions corresponds to the two rotors. It is preferable that the distance is greater than or equal to the distance between both outer ends in the axial direction of the side permanent magnet.

  Another generator of the present invention is made of a soft magnetic material, and includes a rotor non-magnetic material portion and a multiple of two grooves toward the non-magnetic material portion, and a rotor yoke disposed in each groove and axially Ring-shaped rotor-side permanent magnets which are magnetized in NS, and a plurality of rotor-side projecting portions which protrude toward the stator side with respect to the rotor-side permanent magnets and are spaced apart from each other across the rotor-side permanent magnets And the rotor-side protrusion arranged between the two rotor-side permanent magnets is shifted by a half pitch from each other at a position that divides the axial length into two equal parts, and a non-magnetic material The rotor part has a rotor side coil wound in the circumferential direction on the part, and is made of a soft magnetic material. The stator yoke and the rotor side permanent magnet are opposed to the rotor side permanent magnet in the axial direction. A magnetized ring-shaped stator side permanent magnet and A stator-side protruding portion that protrudes toward the rotor portion side of the stator-side permanent magnet and that is arranged at a fixed pitch in a straight line at positions spaced from each other across the stator-side permanent magnet, and opposite to the rotor portion of the stator-side permanent magnet A stator member comprising a stator side coil wound in the circumferential direction on the opposite side to the side to be operated is arranged with a stator side protruding portion in a straight line at a constant pitch between stator members adjacent in the axial direction. And a stator portion as described above.

  Also in this another generator according to the present invention, the nonmagnetic body portions are installed in multiples, and each nonmagnetic body portion extends in the axial direction so as to connect two adjacent rotor-side permanent magnets, and its length. Is preferably equal to or greater than the distance between both outer ends in the axial direction of the rotor-side permanent magnets.

  In the two generators of the present invention described above, the area of the portion where the rotor side protruding portion and the stator side protruding portion face each other and the area of the portion which does not face each other are the positional relationship in the rotational direction between the rotor portion and the stator portion. Regardless of the case, it is preferable to set each constant.

  Still another generator according to the present invention may be configured such that a non-magnetic part is provided instead of the stator-side permanent magnet in the two generators according to the present invention described above.

  Another aspect of the present invention is a viewpoint as a power generation system. The power generation system of the present invention includes the above-described generator of the present invention, a first converter that inputs the generated power of the stator side coil of the generator, and a second converter that inputs the generated power of the rotor side coil of the generator. And an inverter that inputs the output of the first converter and the output of the second converter in parallel and outputs AC power.

  Alternatively, the power generation system according to the present invention includes the above-described generator according to the present invention, the connection means of the first device connected to the stator side coil of the generator, and the second connected to the rotor side coil of the generator. Device connection means.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to realize a generator and a power generation system capable of sufficiently suppressing cogging without obtaining a complicated structure and obtaining large generated power.

It is a figure which shows the principal part of the generator which concerns on embodiment of this invention in the cross section containing the central axis of a rotor part. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a configuration of a stator portion of the generator of FIG. 1, and also shows a rotor portion and its insertion direction. FIG. 2 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing a configuration of a rotor portion of the generator of FIG. 1. It is a figure which shows the positional relationship of the circumferential direction (rotation direction) of the rotor side protrusion part (solid line) of the rotor part of FIG. 1, and the stator side protrusion part (broken line) of the stator part of FIG. It is a figure which shows the predetermined positional relationship S1 of the rotor side protrusion part (solid line) of the rotor part of FIG. 1, and the stator side protrusion part (broken line) of the stator part of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the state of the magnetic path in a generator in state S1 which is the predetermined positional relationship of FIG. It is a figure which shows state S2 which is the predetermined positional relationship of the rotor side protrusion part (solid line) of the rotor part of FIG. 1, and the stator side protrusion part (broken line) of the stator part of FIG. FIG. 8 is a diagram schematically showing a state of a magnetic path in the generator in a state S2 having a predetermined positional relationship in FIG. 7 cut along a line AA in FIG. It is a figure which shows state S3 which is the predetermined positional relationship of the rotor side protrusion part (solid line) of the rotor part of FIG. 1, and the stator side protrusion part (broken line) of the stator part of FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the state of the magnetic path in a generator in state S3 which is the predetermined positional relationship of FIG. It is a figure which shows the change of the positional relationship with progress of time (time t1-t5) of the rotor side protrusion part (solid line) of the rotor part of FIG. 1, and the stator side protrusion part (broken line) of the stator part of FIG. The generation state of the pulsating current in the two stator side windings in the generator in the passage of time (time t1 to t5) in FIG. 11 shows the AC current obtained by connecting the two stator side windings in series. It is a figure typically shown with a waveform. The waveform of the alternating current in the rotor side winding part in the generator in the passage of time (time t1 to t5) in FIG. 11 is compared with the waveform of the alternating current obtained by connecting two stator side winding parts in series. FIG. It is a figure which shows typically the state of the magnetic path in a generator in case a bypass part is provided in the yoke by the side of a rotor part as a comparative example. It is a partially notched perspective view which shows the structure of the rotor part and stator part of the generator which concern on other embodiment. It is a figure which shows the principal part of the generator which concerns on other embodiment with the cross section containing the central axis of a rotor part.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the magnetic flux is a bundle of magnetic lines of force, and the magnetic path is a path of magnetic lines of force. Further, the expression that a magnetic path is formed by magnetic flux may be replaced when a magnetic path is formed by magnetic lines of force.

  The generator 1 which concerns on embodiment of this invention has the rotor part 2 and the stator part 3, as shown in FIGS. The rotor unit 2 includes a rotor yoke 4 made of a cylindrical soft magnetic material. In the rotor yoke 4, there are provided a cylindrical hollow portion 5 having a square cross section, and two grooves 6 </ b> U and 6 </ b> L provided in the circumferential direction while penetrating from the outer peripheral surface “a” of the rotor yoke 4 to the hollow portion 5. . A ring-shaped permanent magnet 7U is provided so as to be sandwiched between the wall surfaces of the groove 6U, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet 7L is also provided so as to be sandwiched between the wall surfaces of the groove 6L. The hollow portion 5 extends in the axial direction so as to connect two adjacent permanent magnets 7U and 7L, and the length thereof is equal to or greater than the distance between both outer ends of the permanent magnets 7U and 7L in the axial direction.

  The rotor yoke 4 has a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped protrusions 8U made of a magnetic material on the upper side in the axial direction of the permanent magnet 7U in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the lower side of the permanent magnet 7L in the axial direction in FIGS. A plurality of rectangular parallelepiped protrusions 8L made of a magnetic material are provided, and a plurality of rectangular parallelepiped protrusions 9 made of a magnetic material are provided between the permanent magnets 7U and 7L. The outer peripheral surfaces of the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L are the outer peripheral surface a of the rotor yoke 4. The protrusions 8U, 9, 8L are arranged so as to be equiangularly spaced with respect to the central axis C of the rotor yoke 4 and to be linear in the axial direction.

  A rotation shaft 10 is provided at the center of the rotor yoke 4. The portions where the rotor yoke 4 and the rotating shaft 10 are in contact are joined together, and the rotor yoke 4 also rotates as the rotating shaft 10 rotates. The shape seen from the axial direction of the outer peripheral surface a of each protrusion 8U, 9, 8L is circular. Although the one-stage rotor yoke 4 is illustrated in the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of rotor yokes 4 may be stacked in the axial direction. As a result, when the grooves 6U and 6L are made into one set, they are installed by an integral multiple as in two sets and three sets (that is, the grooves 6U and 6L are set in multiples of 2), and two hollow portions 5 are provided. The number is set to an integral multiple so that there are three. Accordingly, a plurality of pairs of stator yokes 12U and 12L, which will be described later, are stacked.

In FIGS. 1 to 3 are omitted illustration of the housing of the generator 1, the housing, the protrusion 8U rotor portion 2, 9,8L and protrusions 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3, which will be described later, 16U _The rotor part 2 and the stator part 3 are accommodated so that ₂ , 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ maintain a slight gap. In addition, the rotating shaft 10 protrudes directly from the casing or indirectly through a toothed wheel train, and when the rotating torque is applied to the rotating shaft 10 from the outside, the rotor portion 2 It rotates with the rotating shaft 10 inside the part 3. The protrusions 8U, 9, and 8L are manufactured by integral molding with the main body of the rotor yoke 4, and the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , and 16L ₂ described later are also integrally molded with the stator yokes 12U and 12L, respectively. It is manufactured.

  In the example of FIGS. 1 to 3, the rotor unit 2 has an upper end surface of the upper permanent magnet 7 </ b> U having an N pole, a lower end surface having an S pole, and an upper end surface of the lower permanent magnet 7 </ b> L having an S pole. Yes, and the lower end surface is an N pole. That is, the ring-shaped permanent magnets 7U and 7L are both NS magnetized in the axial direction, and are arranged so that the opposing surfaces of the two permanent magnets 7U and 7L have the same polarity.

  When the rotor unit 2 is a single unit, the magnetic flux of the upper permanent magnet 7U passes through the protruding part 8U, flows to the protruding part 9, and returns to the S pole. At the same time, the magnetic flux of the lower permanent magnet 7L passes through the protrusion 8L, flows into the protrusion 9, and returns to the S pole.

  In the rotor unit 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration, the magnetic flux is always radiated from the projecting portions 8U and 8L and enters the projecting portion 9. By forming such protrusions 8U, 9, and 8L, the density of magnetic flux can be increased and the attractive force can be increased.

  In the hollow portion 5 of the rotor portion 2, a winding portion 18 around which a wire is wound in the circumferential direction is provided. Although illustration is omitted, the end portion of the wire of the winding portion 18 is taken out to the outside and can be electrically connected to an external device or a battery. In order to realize such a configuration, any existing technique may be applied. If the example is given, the rotating shaft 10 will be comprised with a hollow pipe-shaped member. The end of the wire of the winding part 18 is pulled out through the inside of the hollow rotary shaft 10. The end of the wire drawn to the outside through the hollow rotating shaft 10 can be electrically connected from the outside via a slip ring that can transmit electric power between the stationary body and the rotating body. To do. Thereby, the electric power generated in the generator 1 is led out from the wire of the winding part 18 to the outside.

  The stator portion 3 has a two-stage stacked structure in which stator yokes 12U and 12L made of a cylindrical soft magnetic body having a columnar hole 11 for inserting the rotor portion 2 at the center are stacked in the axial direction. It has become. In the present specification, for convenience of explanation, the stator yokes 12U and 12L are described as “two-layered structure”. However, in practice, a portion corresponding to the stator yoke 12U and the stator yoke 12L are connected to one yoke member. Corresponding portions may be formed, or two stator yokes 12U and stator yokes 12L formed separately may be actually joined in two stages. Further, as described above, when the rotor yoke 4 is stacked in a plurality of stages in the axial direction, a plurality of pairs of the stator yokes 12U and 12L are stacked in the axial direction.

  In the stator yokes 12U and 12L of the stator part 3, ring-shaped hollow parts 13U and 13L each having a square cross section, and through the inner peripheral surface (hole 11 side) of the stator yokes 12U and 12L to the hollow parts 13U and 13L In addition, ring-shaped grooves 14U and 14L provided in a circumferential shape are provided. A ring-shaped permanent magnet 15U is mounted in the groove 14U of the stator yoke 12U, and a ring-shaped permanent magnet 15L is mounted in the groove 14L of the stator yoke 12L. The permanent magnets 15U and 15L are magnetized with a polarity opposite to that of the permanent magnets 7U and 7L of the rotor portion 2 facing the permanent magnets 15U and 15L. That is, the permanent magnets 7U and 7L of the rotor portion 2 are magnetized as N, S, S, and N from the top of the figure, whereas the permanent magnets 15U and 15L of the stator portion 3 are S and N from the top of the figure. , N, and S are magnetized.

On the inner surface of the hole 11, that is, the stator yokes 12U and 12L, the projecting portions 16U _{1 made of} magnetic bodies arranged in two stages in the vertical direction so as to sandwich the permanent magnets 15U and 15L in the axial direction. 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ are provided. The inner peripheral surface b of each protrusion 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ is configured to face the outer peripheral surface a of the rotor yoke 4. Incidentally, since each protrusion 8U of the rotor portion 2, the tip shape as viewed in the axial direction of 9,8L has an arcuate convex shape, the protruding portions of the stator unit _{3 16U 1, 16U 2, 16L} 1, The tip shape seen from the axial direction of 16L ₂ is a concave arc shape so as to receive the arc-shaped projecting surfaces of the projecting portions 8U, 9 and 8L.

The protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U _{2 of the} stator yoke 12U and the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator yoke 12L are arranged so as to be shifted from each other by a half pitch in the circumferential direction with respect to the central axis of the stator yokes 12U and 12L. Yes. Further, the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ are arranged at equiangular intervals with respect to the central axis of the stator yoke 12U in the circumferential direction along the inner surface of the stator yoke 12U, and within the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ . protrusions adjacent to have the width equal length intervals and length of the peripheral surface b 16U _1, 16U ₂ are arranged to be formed. The protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ are formed in the same manner as the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ , but the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ and the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ are formed so as to be shifted by a half pitch as described above. ing. Furthermore, winding portions 17U and 17L around which wires are wound in the circumferential direction are provided in the hollow portions 13U and 13L, respectively. The winding portion 17U has multiple wires wound in the circumferential direction, and both ends (not shown) are drawn outward from the stator yoke 12U. Similarly, the winding portion 17L is wound with multiple wires, and both ends (not shown) are drawn outward from the stator yoke 12L. Electric power generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L of the generator 1 is led out from each wire.

  In the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 15U of the stator yoke 12U is an S pole and the lower end surface is an N pole. In the stator yoke 12U in a state where the rotor portion 2 is not inserted into the hole 11, normally, the stator yoke 12U passes through the inner peripheral surface and the inside of the stator yoke 12U from the N pole on the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 15U. Bent from the vicinity of the boundary between the stator yoke 12U and the stator yoke 12L, bent outward from the center of the stator yoke 12U, bent at a position on the outer peripheral side, along the outer peripheral surface, and inside the outer peripheral side. Rises through the upper end, bends at the position on the upper end side, goes radially inward along the upper end surface and through the inside of the upper end, bends again at the position on the inner peripheral side, and descends again. A magnetic path returning to the pole is formed (not shown). In addition to this magnetic path, a part of the magnetic flux is emitted from the stator yoke 12U near the north pole of the permanent magnet 15U to the hole 11 side and forms a magnetic path returning to the stator yoke 12U near the south pole of the permanent magnet 15U. To do.

  At the same time, in the example of FIGS. 1 and 2, the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 15L of the stator yoke 12L is an S pole and the upper end surface is an N pole. Temporarily, in the stator yoke 12L in a state where the rotor portion 2 is not inserted into the hole 11, the stator yoke 12L normally passes from the N pole on the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 15L through the inner peripheral surface and the inside of the stator yoke 12L. Is bent from the vicinity of the boundary between the stator yoke 12L and the stator yoke 12U, bent outward from the center of the stator yoke 12L, bent at a position on the outer peripheral side, along the outer peripheral surface, and inside the outer peripheral side. Descends, bends at the position on the lower end side, goes radially inward along the lower end surface and through the inside of the lower end, bends at the position on the inner peripheral side and rises again, and the S pole of the permanent magnet 15L A magnetic path to return to is formed (not shown). In addition to this magnetic path, a part of the magnetic flux is emitted from the stator yoke 12L near the N pole of the permanent magnet 15L to the hole 11 side and forms a magnetic path that returns to the stator yoke 12L near the S pole of the permanent magnet 15L. To do.

The protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ of the stator part 3 shown in FIG. 1 are not opposed to the protrusions 8U and 9 of the rotor part 2 (at this time, in FIG. 1, the stator yoke 12U of the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ ) Is shown by a solid line). On the other hand, the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator part 3 shown in FIG. 1 are opposed to the protrusions 9 and 8L of the rotor part 2 (at this time, in FIG. 1, the stators of the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ are The root of the yoke 12L is indicated by a broken line). In the generator 1 Thus, the rotor portion 2 protrusion 8U, 9,8L, when you are completely opposed to the protrusion 16L _1, 16L ₂ of the stator yoke 12L is protruded portion 16U ₁ of the stator yoke 12U, There is no portion facing 16U _{2 at} all.

As shown in FIG. 4, the generator 1 rotates the rotor yoke 4 of the rotor portion 2 with the rotation of the rotary shaft 10, so that the protruding portions 8 U, 9, 8 L of the rotor portion 2 become the protruding portions 16 U of the stator portion 3. ₁ , 16 U ₂ , 16 L ₁ , 16 L ₂ passing through the circumferential direction. Due to the change in magnetic flux generated at this time, current flows through the winding portions 17U and 17L of the stator portion 3 and the winding portion 18 of the rotor portion 18 to generate power. By appropriately taking out the current flowing through the winding portions 17U and 17L and the winding portion 18, the generator 1 can store power or drive a load. The area of the portion where the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 face each other and the area of the portion which does not face the rotor portion 2 Regardless of the positional relationship between the stator portion 3 and the stator portion 3 in the rotational direction, they are constant.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5, the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ of the stator part 3 are not opposed to any of the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor part 2, and are below the protrusions 9 of the rotor part 2. half facing the protrusion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3, the protruding portion 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the state is opposed to the protrusion 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 S1.

In such a state S1, as shown in FIG. 6, the stator yoke 12U of the stator portion 3 is not significantly affected by the attractive force of the projecting portions 8U and 9 of the rotor portion 2, and thus the permanent magnet of the stator yoke 12U. Many magnetic fluxes of 15U form a magnetic path M1 (shown by a one-dot chain line) that returns from the N pole of the permanent magnet 15U to the S pole of the permanent magnet 15U through the periphery of the hollow portion 13U. At this time, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor part 2 is closer to the outer peripheral surface a of the rotor part 2 than the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ of the stator yoke 12U of the stator part 3. Since it is strongly influenced by the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator yoke 12L having the inner peripheral surface b, it flows to the S pole side of the stator yoke 12L. Further, since the inner peripheral surface b of the projecting portions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 and the outer peripheral surface a of the projecting portions 9 and 8L of the rotor portion 2 are very close to each other, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor portion 2 is reduced. Most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L of the stator portion 3 flows into the rotor portion 2 while almost flowing into the stator yoke 12L side from the protruding portions 9 and 8L of the rotor portion 2.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 6, on the rotor portion 2 side, the hollow portion 5 circulates from the vicinity of the upper end portion of the rotor yoke 4 from the N pole on the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 7 </ b> U and the stator yoke 12 </ b> L side near the lower end portion of the rotor yoke 4 Is formed, and a magnetic path M2 is formed near the upper end portion of the stator yoke 12L and again enters the rotor portion 2 side and returns to the S pole on the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 7U. Further, much of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L of the stator yoke 12L of the stator portion 3 flows into the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2, and much of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor portion 2 is increased by the protruding portion 16L of the stator portion 3. ₂ flows into the magnetic path M3. Since the magnetic path M2 is thus formed, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor part 2 hardly affects the stator part 3 side, and the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor part 2 and the permanent magnet 15L of the stator part 3 The flow of the magnetic path M3 between the two is made efficient.

  As described above, in the state S1, a change occurs in the winding portions 17U and 17L, in which much of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L that has passed around the winding portion 17L until just before the state S1 is attracted to the rotor portion 2 side and weakens. Further, a change occurs in which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15U radiated to the rotor portion 2 side immediately before the state S1 returns to the winding portion 17U of the stator portion 3 and becomes stronger. As a result, currents that generate lines of magnetic force flow through the winding portions 17U and 17L in a direction that prevents this change. The current flowing through the winding portions 17U and 17L will be described in detail later.

  Further, in the state S1, along with the change of the magnetic flux as described above, a current that generates lines of magnetic force flows in the winding portion 18 in a direction that prevents the change of the magnetic flux. Details of the current flowing through the winding portion 18 will be described later together with the current flowing through the winding portions 17U and 17L.

Further, as shown in FIG. 7, half of the protrusions 8U, 9, and 8L of the rotor portion 2 viewed from the circumferential direction are viewed from the same circumferential direction of the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , and 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3. Let S2 be the state facing each half. In such a state S2, as shown in FIG. 8 which is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 7, a part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15U of the stator yoke 12U is part of the rotor portion 2 as compared to the state S1. In addition, the air flows into the rotor portion 2 and is radiated from the protruding portion 16U ₂ of the stator portion 3 to the rotor portion 2 side. On the other hand, most of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor part 2 flows into the stator part 3 side. That is, it flows into the stator portion 3 side from the protruding portion 8U on the rotor portion 2 side. As a result, the N pole of the permanent magnet 7U on the rotor part 2 side is directed to the S pole of the permanent magnet 15U on the stator part 3 side, and the N pole of the permanent magnet 15U on the stator part 3 side is changed to the permanent magnet 7U on the rotor part 2 side. A magnetic path M4 toward the S pole is formed. Along with this, the magnetic flux of the magnetic path M5 passing around the winding portion 17U is weakened compared to the magnetic path M1 in the state S1 (S1: thick one-dot chain line → S2: illustrated as a thin one-dot chain line).

Further, in the state S2, a part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor part 2 radiated to the stator yoke 12L side of the stator part 3 in the state S1 returns to the rotor part 2 side via the hollow part 5. Further, part of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L of the stator portion 3 also passes around the winding portion 17L. That is, compared with the state S1, the N magnetic pole of the permanent magnet 15L on the stator portion 3 side is directed from the N pole of the permanent magnet 7L on the rotor portion 2 side to the S pole of the permanent magnet 15L on the stator portion 3 side by weak magnetic lines of force. A magnetic path M6 is formed from the permanent magnet 7L toward the south pole of the rotor portion 2 side. This magnetic path M6 is weaker than the previous magnetic path M3. Further, the magnetic flux of the magnetic path M7 passing around the winding portion 17L is strengthened as compared with the state S1 (S1: no alternate long and short dashed line → S2: illustrated as a thin alternate long and short dashed line). Note that the magnetic path M2 is generated in the rotor portion 2 facing the projecting portions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3, but its strength is weakened. Further, although a magnetic path M9 described later is generated, its strength is in the middle of gradually increasing.

  Thus, in the state S2, compared to the state S1, there is a change in which the magnetic flux that has passed around the winding portion 17U is weakened, and a change in which the magnetic flux that passes around the winding portion 17L is strengthened. In the portions 17U and 17L, currents that generate magnetic lines of force flow in a direction that prevents this change. The permanent magnets 7U and 7L of the rotor portion 2 have opposite polarities, and the hollow portion 5 is connected between the two, so that in the state S2, the magnetic flux of each permanent magnet 7U and 7L. Efficiently flows to the stator portion 3.

  Further, in the state S2, along with the change of the magnetic flux as described above, a current that generates magnetic lines of force flows in the winding portion 18 in a direction that prevents the change of the magnetic flux.

Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the protrusions 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ of the stator part 3 are not opposed to any of the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor part 2, and the upper part of the protrusion part 9 of the rotor part 2 half facing the protrusion 16U ₂ of the stator portion 3, the protrusion 8U of the rotor portion 2 and the state is opposed to the protrusion 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3 S3.

In such a state S3, as shown in FIG. 10, the state S1 and the top shown in FIG. 6 are reversed. That is, since the stator yoke 12L of the stator portion 3 is not significantly affected by the attractive force of the protrusions 9 and 8L of the rotor portion 2, the magnetic flux from the N pole of the permanent magnet 15L passes through the periphery of the hollow portion 13L. A magnetic path M8 (illustrated by an alternate long and short dash line) that returns to the south pole of the permanent magnet 15L is formed. At this time, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor portion 2 is more strongly affected by the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ of the stator yoke 12U than the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator yoke 12L of the stator portion 3. Most of the magnetic flux of the rotor part 2 is radiated to the stator yoke 12U side. Further, since the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U _{2 of} the stator part 3 and the protrusions 8U and 9 of the rotor part 2 are very close to each other, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor part 2 is transferred from the protrusion part 8U of the rotor part 2 to the stator. Mostly flows into the yoke 12U side. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, on the rotor portion 2 side, the hollow portion 5 circulates from the vicinity of the lower end portion of the rotor yoke 4 from the N pole on the lower end surface of the permanent magnet 7L, and the stator yoke 12U side in the vicinity of the upper end portion of the rotor yoke 4 Is formed, and the magnetic path M9 is formed near the lower end portion of the stator yoke 12U and again enters the rotor portion 2 side and returns to the S pole on the upper end surface of the permanent magnet 7L.

Further, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15U of the stator yoke 12U of the stator portion 3 flows into the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2, and the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor portion 2 is changed from the protruding portion 8U of the rotor portion 2 to the stator portion 3. A magnetic path M10 that flows into the protrusion 16U ₁ is formed.

  As described above, in the state S3, in the winding portions 17U and 17L, a change occurs in which much of the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15U that has passed through the periphery of the winding portion 17U until just before the state S3 is attracted to the rotor portion 2 side and weakens. Further, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L radiated to the rotor part 2 side immediately before the state S3 returns to the magnetic path passing around the winding part 17L of the stator part 3 and becomes stronger, and a change to the magnetic path M8 occurs. . According to this, currents that generate lines of magnetic force flow through the winding portions 17U and 17L in a direction that prevents this change.

  Further, in the state S3, along with the change of the magnetic flux as described above, a current that generates magnetic lines of force flows in the winding portion 18 in a direction that prevents the change of the magnetic flux. Note that the state S3 in the winding portion 18 is the same as the state S1 shown in FIG. 6 except that the top and bottom are reversed and the direction of the magnetic flux is different.

11 shows the positional relationship between the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3, and the above-described states S1, S2, S3 are S1 → The process of transition from S2 to S3 is shown with the passage of time t1 to t5. Further, the upper and middle diagrams of FIG. 12 show states of currents generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L of the generator 1 at the respective times from time t1 to time t5 shown in FIG. Further, the lower diagram of FIG. 12 shows a waveform of an alternating current obtained by connecting the winding portions 17U and 17L in series. However, in the upper diagram of FIG. 12, the upper side is the plus side and the lower side is the minus side, whereas in the middle diagram of FIG. 12, the upper side is the minus side and the lower side is the plus side. Here, for convenience of explanation, description will be made by paying attention to the current output from the winding portions 17U and 17L of the generator 1, and description of the voltage will be omitted.

  As shown in the upper and middle diagrams of FIG. 12, when the rotor unit 2 rotates at a constant rotational speed, each of the winding units 17U and 17L has a pulsating current with a constant current direction (hereinafter referred to as this). Is referred to as a pulsating flow). This is because the magnetic flux surrounding the winding portions 17U and 17L is always directed in the same direction, although it repeatedly changes in strength between times t1 and t5. In the example of the upper and middle stages in FIG. 12, pulsating currents having opposite current directions are generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L. This is because the winding directions in the winding portions 17U and 17L are the same, and the directions of the magnetic lines of force in the winding portions 17U and 17L are opposite to each other. Thereby, the phase of the pulsating flow is reversed between the winding part 17U and the winding part 17L. That is, no current flows through the winding portion 17L (W21) at the timing (W11) at which the winding portion 17U reaches the maximum current value. Similarly, no current flows through the winding portion 17U (W12) at the timing (W22) at which the winding portion 17L reaches the maximum current value. By connecting the winding portion 17U and the winding portion 17L in series, an alternating current whose current direction changes periodically can be obtained as shown in the lower diagram of FIG.

For example, in FIG. 12, time t1 corresponds to state S1 shown in FIG. At time t1, the lower half of the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 8L and the protruding portions 16L ₁ and 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 face each other, and the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17U becomes maximum, and then decreases. Therefore, a current that generates magnetic field lines in a direction that prevents the change starts to flow in a certain direction through the wire. If this direction is positive, positive current starts to flow. This point is shown as W11 in FIG. On the other hand, since the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17L is minimized and then increases, a current that generates magnetic lines in a direction that prevents the change flows through the wire. The flowing direction is opposite to the winding portion 17U. This direction is negative with respect to the above-mentioned positive. This point is shown as W21 in FIG. At this time, the lower portion of the rotor portion 2 generates the maximum suction force with the stator portion 3.

  Therefore, at time t1, as shown in FIG. 12, inversion of current increase / decrease occurs in the winding portions 17U and 17L. Thus, at time t1, as shown in FIG. 12, the current value in the positive direction is maximum in the winding portion 17U, and the current value in the negative direction is minimum in the winding portion 17L (minimum current value = 0 amperes). ).

In FIG. 12, the time t5 corresponds to the state S3 shown in FIG. At time t5, the upper half of the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 8U and the protruding portions 16U ₁ and 16U _{2 of the} stator portion 3 face _{each other} , and the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17L becomes maximum, and then decreases. Therefore, a current that generates magnetic field lines in a direction that prevents the change starts to flow in a certain direction through the wire. This point is shown as W22 in FIG. On the other hand, since the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17U is minimized and then increases, a current that generates magnetic lines in a direction that prevents the change flows through the wire. The flowing direction is opposite to that of the winding portion 17L. This point is shown as W12 in FIG. At this time, the upper portion of the rotor portion 2 generates the maximum suction force with the stator portion 3.

  Therefore, at time t5, as shown in the upper and middle diagrams in FIG. 12, the minimum current value on the positive side (0 ampere) (W12) is obtained in the winding portion 17U, and the negative side is obtained in the winding portion 17L. A current having the maximum current value (W22) is generated.

Time t3 corresponds to state S2 shown in FIG. At time t3, the circumferential half of the protrusions 8U, 9, and 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the circumferential half of the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , and 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 face each other. Time t3 is an intermediate point in the process of transition from state S1 to S3. Therefore, at time t3, as shown in the upper and middle diagrams of FIG. 12, a current intermediate between the maximum value and the minimum value (= 0 amperes) on the positive and negative sides is generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L. doing.

  Times t2 and t4 are processes of transition from states S1 to S2 and from S2 to S3, respectively. Therefore, at the time t2, as shown in the upper and middle diagrams of FIG. 12, in the winding portions 17U and 17L, intermediate current values (0 amperes) generated in the state S1 and current values generated in the state S2, respectively. Current of the value of. Further, at time t4, as shown in the upper and middle diagrams of FIG. 12, in the winding portions 17U and 17L, currents having intermediate values between the current value generated in the state S2 and the current value generated in the state S3, respectively. Will occur.

  In this way, at times t1 to t5, a current corresponding to one half of the pulsating waveform generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L is generated. That is, when the rotating shaft 10 of the generator 1 is rotating at a constant rotational speed, one cycle of the pulsating current waveform generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L is twice as long as the time t1 to t5. Ends. When this is viewed as a waveform of the alternating current generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L connected in series, one cycle is completed in a time twice as long as the time t1 to t5.

  Further, the upper diagram in FIG. 13 shows a state of current generated in the winding portion 18 of the generator 1 at each of the times t1 to t5 shown in FIG. The lower diagram of FIG. 13 shows the waveform of the alternating current obtained by connecting the winding portions 17U and 17L in series for comparison with the upper diagram.

  As shown in FIG. 11, when the rotor unit 2 rotates at a constant rotational speed, an alternating current waveform is generated in the winding unit 18 as shown in the upper diagram of FIG.

  For example, in the state S1 shown in FIG. 6, the magnetic flux of the rotor portion 2 passes through the winding portion 18 although it is pulled toward the stator yoke 12L.

  In the state S2 shown in FIG. 8, the magnetic flux of the rotor portion 2 is pulled by both of the stator yokes 12U and 12L, so that almost no magnetic flux passes through the winding portion 18.

  In the state S <b> 3 shown in FIG. 10, the magnetic flux of the rotor portion 2 passes through the winding portion 18 although it is pulled toward the stator yoke 12 </ b> U.

  In this way, the magnetic flux passing through the winding portion 18 changes from the maximum in the state S1 to the minimum in the state S2 to the maximum in the state S3. That is, in the winding part 18, the change of the magnetic flux from the state S1 to the state S2 and the change of the magnetic flux from the state S2 to the state S3 are repeated twice although the direction of change is opposite. . As a result, in the winding section 18, a current in the reverse direction and at the same level is generated between the state S1 and the state S2 and between the state S2 and the state S3 so as to prevent the magnetic flux from changing. Power generation is performed. The phase of the current waveform generated in the winding section 18 shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 13 is compared with the phase of the alternating current obtained by connecting the winding sections 17U and 17L shown in the lower diagram of FIG. 13 in series. It is shifted by a quarter cycle.

  In this way, when the rotor portion 2 rotates, power is generated by the winding portion 18 of the rotor portion 2 and the winding portions 17U and 17L of the stator portion 3 respectively. That is, in the generator 1, power generation is simultaneously performed by the three systems of winding portions 17 </ b> U, 17 </ b> L, and 18. According to this, it is possible to obtain larger generated power as compared with a conventional generator that generates power only on either the rotor side or the stator side. In addition, since the stator yokes 12U and 12L are stacked in two stages, a larger amount of generated power can be obtained compared to a conventional generator having only one stage of stator yoke. Furthermore, if the number of stages of the stator yokes 12U and 12L is increased, a larger generated power can be obtained. At this time, the winding portions 18 of the rotor portion 2 are also installed in a number that is a multiple of the stator yokes 12U and 12L. Thereby, the electric power generated by the winding portion 18 can be increased by increasing the number of stages of the stator yokes 12U and 12L.

  However, as explained in FIG. 13, the phase of the alternating current obtained by connecting the winding portions 17U and 17L of the stator portion 3 in series and the phase of the alternating current obtained by the winding portion 18 of the rotor portion 2 are mutually different. It is shifted by a quarter cycle. For this reason, when the winding parts 17U, 17L, 18 are simply connected in parallel or in series as they are, the AC power generated in the winding parts 17U, 17L and the AC power generated in the winding part 18 cancel each other. Phenomenon occurs. Therefore, a configuration example of a power generation system for eliminating the difference in phase of the generated power between the winding portions 17U and 17L and the winding portion 18 is shown below.

  For example, the generator 1, a first converter that inputs the generated power of the winding portions 17U and 17L of the generator 1, a second converter that inputs the generated power of the winding portion 18 of the generator 1, and a first The output of the converter and the output of the second converter are input in parallel, and an inverter that outputs AC power is configured.

  For example, AC power generated by the winding portions 17U and 17L and AC power generated by the winding portion 18 are input to two different converters to be converted into two systems of DC power, and output from these two converters, respectively. What is necessary is just to use the inverter which inputs the direct-current power of two lines which were performed in parallel, and converts it into the output of one line of alternating current power. Alternatively, a single battery that is charged with two systems of DC power output from the two converters described above can be used, and this battery can be used as a DC power source. In addition, the two systems of DC power output from the two converters may be used separately.

  Alternatively, the generator 1, the connection means of the first device connected to the winding portions 17U and 17L of the generator 1, and the connection means of the second device connected to the winding portion 18 of the generator 1. , A power generation system may be configured. At this time, for example, a terminal displaying the output frequency of the winding portions 17U and 17L and a terminal displaying the output frequency of the winding portion 18 may be provided on the output side of the generator 1 as connection means. As a result, the user can visually check the display of the output frequency, and connect and use a device suitable for the output frequency to the terminal. Note that any connection means such as a connector or an outlet can be provided in place of the terminal.

  In this manner, the power generated at the same time by the three winding portions 17U, 17L, and 18 can be effectively used as appropriate.

  As another example of the power generation system, the winding portions 17U and 17L are not connected in series to obtain AC power, but the winding portion 17U and the winding portion 17L are each independently provided with two pulsating flows (that is, direct current). ) Can also be used as a power source. Alternatively, the winding portion 17U and the winding portion 17L have the wire winding directions opposite to each other, or the connection method when the winding portion 17U and the winding portion 17L are connected in series is changed. The direction of current generated in the winding portion 17U and the winding portion 17L may be matched to generate DC power. In this case, AC power is obtained from the winding section 18, so that the AC / DC power generation system can generate AC and DC with one generator 1.

  Furthermore, the generator 1 can suppress cogging as described below. Also by this, the generator 1 can generate electric power efficiently and can obtain large generated electric power.

Here, considering the cause of cogging in a general generator, the cause is that the attractive force or the repulsive force between the rotor side and the stator side changes depending on the position of the rotor. On the other hand, in the generator 1, the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor part 2 and the protrusions of the stator part 3 in the positional relationship between the rotor part 2 and the stator part 3 shown at any time from time t1 to t5. The suction force between 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ is always constant. As described above, this is because the protruding portions 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 are opposed to each other and are not opposed to each other. This is because the rotor part 2 and the stator part 3 are constant regardless of the positional relationship in the rotational direction.

For example, at time t1 (state S1), the lower half of the projecting portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the projecting portion 8L and the projecting portions 16L ₁ and 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 face _{each other} with the maximum suction force. I am inquiring. On the other hand, the protrusions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ of the stator part 3 are not opposed to any of the protrusions 8U, 9 and 8L of the rotor part 2, and the mutual attractive force is minimum. Therefore, the strength of the suction force between the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L on the rotor part 2 side and the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ on the stator part 3 side is Considering that it depends on the sum of the strength of the opposing area portion and the strength of the non-opposing area portion between the protruding portions 8U, 9, 8L and the protruding portions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ on the stator 3 side. Can do.

Therefore protrusions 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3, 16U _2, 16L _1, or 16L ₂ are protrusions 8U rotor portion 2, the maximum value of the area at the time of facing the 9,8L and Qcm ² (square centimeter), 1 cm ² When the strength of the suction force per unit is P1, the facing area between the lower half of the protrusion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the protrusion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3 is Qcm ² and the suction force is Q at time t1. × P1. Further, in also Qcm ² attraction opposing area between the projecting portions 16L ₂ of the protruding portion 8L and the stator portion 3 of the rotor portion 2 becomes Q × P1. The non between the non-opposing area and the projection 16U ₂ of the upper half and the stator portion 3 of the protrusion 9 of the rotor portion 2 between the protrusions 16U ₁ of the protrusion 8U and the stator portion 3 of the rotor part 2 The opposing area is Qcm ² , and the suction force per 1 cm ² unit of the non-opposing part is P2, and the suction force is Q × P2. Thus, each projecting portion between the rotor portion 2 and a stator portion 3 at time _{t1 8U, 9,8L, 16U 1,} 16U 2, 16L 1, the suction force of 16L ₂ is "2Q × P1 + 2Q × P2 = 2Q (P1 + P2 ) ”.

Similarly, at time t2, a quarter in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 8U of the rotor portion 2 and a quarter in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3 face each other, and the rotor portion 2 A quarter in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the projecting portion 9 and a quarter in the circumferential direction of the projecting portion 16U ₂ of the stator portion 3 are opposed to each other in the circumferential direction of the lower half of the projecting portion 9 of the rotor portion 2. Three-quarters and three-fourths of the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3 face each other, and three-fourths of the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 Are opposite each other and attract each other.

Here, the opposing area between the protrusions 16U ₂ of the upper half and the stator portion 3 rotor portion projecting part 16U ₁ of 2 protrusions 8U and the stator unit 3 and the projection 9 of the rotor portion 2, respectively (1 / 4) Qcm ² , the lower half of the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3 and the opposing areas between the protruding portion 8L of the rotor portion ₂ and the protruding portion 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 are ( 3/4) is a Qcm ^2. Thus, each projecting portion between the rotor portion 2 and a stator portion 3 at time _{t2 8U, 9,8L, 16U 1,} 16U 2, 16L 1, the suction force of the sum of the opposing portions of 16L ₂ is
(1/4) Qcm ² × P1 + (1/4) Qcm ² × P1 + (3/4) Qcm ² × P1 + (3/4) Qcm ² × P1
= (8/4) Qcm ² × P1
= 2Qcm ² × P1
It is. On the other hand, the suction force of the non-facing portion is calculated in the same manner and becomes 2Qcm ² × P2. Accordingly, the suction force at time t2 is “2Q × P1 + 2Q × P2 = 2Q (P1 + P2)” as at time t1.

Similarly, at time t3, a half in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 8U of the rotor portion 2 and a half in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3 face each other, and the rotor portion 2 A half in the circumferential direction of the upper half of the protruding portion 9 and a half in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16U ₂ of the stator portion 3 are opposed to each other in the circumferential direction of the lower half of the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2. One half and _{one half in} the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3 face each other, and _{one half in} the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 Are opposed to each other and strongly attract each other.

Here, the protruding part 8U of the rotor part 2 and the protruding part 16U _{1 of} the stator part 3, the upper half of the protruding part 9 of the rotor part 2, the protruding part 16U ₂ of the stator part 3, and the lower half of the protruding part 9 of the rotor part 2 And the projecting portion 16L _{1 of} the stator portion 3 and the facing areas between the projecting portion 8L of the rotor portion ₂ and the projecting portion 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 are (1/2) Qcm ² , respectively. Thus, each projecting portion between the rotor portion 2 and a stator portion 3 at time _{t3 8U, 9,8L, 16U 1,} 16U 2, 16L 1, the suction force of the sum of the opposing portions of 16L ₂ is
(1/2) Qcm ² × P1 + (1/2) Qcm ² × P1 + (1/2) Qcm ² × P1 + (1/2) Qcm ² × P1
= (4/2) Qcm ² × P1
= 2Qcm ² × P1
It is. On the other hand, the suction force of the non-opposing portion, that is, the portion where each protruding portion 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ of the stator portion 3 is not opposed to each protruding portion 8U, 9, 8L of the rotor portion 2 is opposed. Since its area is 2Qcm ² , 2Qcm ² × P2. Therefore, the total sum of the attractive forces at time t3 is 2Q (P1 + P2), similar to times t1 and t2.

Similarly, at time t4, the protrusion 8U of the rotor portion 2 circumferentially of 3 and 3 and the opposing quarter of the circumferential direction of the protruding portions 16U ₁ of the stator portion 3 of 4 minutes, of the rotor portion 2 on 3 and the opposing quarter of the circumferential direction of the 3 and the stator portion 3 of the protrusions 16U ₂ quarters of the circumferential direction of the half of the protruding portion 9, the lower half of the protrusion 9 of the rotor portion 2 circumferentially of One-fourth and one-fourth in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 16L ₁ of the stator portion 3 face each other, and one-fourth in the circumferential direction of the protruding portion 8L of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 16L _{2 of the} stator portion 3 Are opposed to each other and strongly attract each other.

Here, a quarter of the protrusion 8U of the rotor portion 2 3 and 4 minutes in the upper half of the protrusion 9 of the stator section three quarters of protrusions 16U ₁ of 3 and the rotor part 2 3 and the stators 3 The opposing areas between the projecting portions 16U ₂ and three-quarters are (3/4) Qcm ² , respectively, the lower half of the projecting portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the projecting portion of the stator portion 3 The opposing areas between 1/4 of 16L ₁ and 1/4 of the protrusion 8L of the rotor part 2 and 1/4 of the protrusion 16L2 of the stator part 3 are (1/4) Qcm ² , respectively. is there. Therefore, the sum of the areas of the portions of the protrusions 8U, 9, 8L, 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , and 16L ₂ that completely face each other between the rotor portion 2 and the stator portion 3 at time t4 is:
(3/4) Qcm ² + (3/4) Qcm ² + (1/4) Qcm ² + (1/4) Qcm ²
= (8/4) Qcm ²
= 2Qcm ²
It is. Therefore, the suction force due to the protrusions facing each other is “2Q × P1”. On the other hand, the area of the portion where the protrusions 8U, 9 and 8L of the rotor part ₂ are opposed to the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ and 16L _{2 of the} stator part 3 is 2Qcm ² , and the overall suction force is It is “2Q (P1 + P2)”, similar to the times t1, t2, and t3.

Similarly, at time t5 (state S3), the upper half of the protruding portion 9 of the rotor portion 2 and the protruding portion 8U and the protruding portions 16U ₁ and 16U _{2 of the} stator portion 3 face each other and strongly attract each other. The protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ of the stator part 3 are not opposed to any of the protrusions 8U, 9 and 8L of the rotor part 2. At this time, the opposing area between the upper half of the protrusion 9 of the rotor ₂ and the protrusion 16U _{2 of the} stator 3 and between the protrusion 8U of the rotor ₂ and the protrusion 16U ₁ of the stator 3 is Qcm ^2. It is. Therefore, the total sum of the areas of the projecting portions 8U, 9, 8L, 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ between the rotor portion 2 and the stator portion 3 at time kt5 is completely opposite to each other.
Qcm ² + Qcm ² = 2Qcm ²
It is. Therefore, the suction force due to the protrusions facing each other is “2Q × P1”. On the other hand, the area of the portion where the protrusions 8U, 9 and 8L of the rotor part ₂ are opposed to the protrusions 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ and 16L _{2 of the} stator part 3 is 2Qcm ² , and the overall suction force is Like time t1, t2, t3, t4, “2Q (P1 + P2)” is obtained.

Thus, FIG. 11, each protrusion between the rotor portion 2 and the stator unit 3 at any time in the time t1~t5 in FIG _{12 8U, 9,8L, 16U 1,} 16U 2, 16L 1, 16L the sum of the suction force in the _2, does not change is the "2Qcm ² × (P1 + P2)". The current waveform generated at times t1 to t5 is a current waveform corresponding to a quarter cycle of the sinusoidal current waveforms generated in the winding portions 17U and 17L. The sine wave is a quarter of this current waveform. The current waveform for a period is continuous while changing the increase / decrease direction and the positive / negative direction. Therefore, the winding unit 17U, the projecting portion of the rotor portion 2 at any site of the sinusoidal current waveform generated in 17L 8U, protrusions 16U ₁ of 9,8L and the stator unit 3, 16U _2, 16L _1, 16L It is obvious that the suction force between ₂ is always constant. This means that the attractive force between the rotor unit 2 and the stator unit 3 is always constant regardless of the positional relationship between the rotor unit 2 and the stator unit 3. Thus, it can be seen that no cogging occurs in the generator 1.

  Further, in the generator 1 in which cogging does not occur in this way, most of the rotational torque applied to the rotary shaft 10 from the outside is not reduced by the cogging torque, but most of it is used as torque for power generation. High power generation.

  Moreover, in the generator 1, the hollow part 5 of the rotor part 2 is connected over two permanent magnets 7U and 7L. According to this, as shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 10, the magnetic fluxes of the two permanent magnets 7U and 7L of the rotor portion 2 are not divided, so that one magnetic path M2 or M9 is formed and integrated. Is incident on the stator portion 3, so that the magnetic flux passing through the winding portion 17U or the winding portion 17L is almost completely eliminated, and on the side not incident on the stator portion 3, the incidence is almost eliminated and the winding portion 17U or the winding portion. The magnetic flux passing around 17L can be made as close as possible. As a result, the power generation efficiency can be further increased.

  FIG. 14 shows a rotor portion 2A having two hollow portions 5U and 5L as a comparative example. The two hollow portions 5U and 5L have two winding portions 18U and 18L. FIG. 14 shows an example of the state S1 as in FIG. 6, but in the comparative example shown in FIG. 14, the loop due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U and the loop due to the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor portion 2A are separated from each other. Magnetic paths M11 and M12, which are closed loops, are formed. Accordingly, a magnetic path M13 is generated around the winding part 17U, and a magnetic path M14 is generated around the winding part 17L. This hardly changes in any state from time t1 to time t5 shown in FIG. For this reason, the difference between the maximum and minimum of the strength of the magnetic path generated around the winding portions 17U and 17L becomes small, and it can be seen that the generator 1A does not function sufficiently as a generator. However, since a certain amount of magnetic flux is generated even in this configuration, this configuration may be adopted.

(Other embodiments)
The above-described embodiment can be variously modified without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the hollow portion 5 may be configured to embed a non-magnetic material such as aluminum or a resin material after the winding portion 18 is disposed. Further, each protrusion 8U, 9,8L is body and integrally molded of the yoke 4, each of the protrusions _{16U 1, 16U 2, 16L 1} , 16L 2 yoke 12U, has been described as being integrally molded and 12L, Each projecting portion may not be integrally molded, but may be fixed to each main body by bonding or the like as a separate member.

As shown in FIG. 15, the rotor portion 2B has four projecting portions 8U ₁ , 8U ₂ , 8L ₁ , 8L ₂ in the axial direction, and these projecting portions 8U ₁ , 8U ₂ and projecting portions 8L ₁ , 8L. ₂ are arranged so as to be shifted from each other by a half pitch in the axial direction. On the other hand, the stator portion 3B has three projecting portions 16U, 16M, and 16L having the same pitch in the axial direction. Even if such a generator 1B is configured, the generator 1B having the same function as the generator 1 in the above-described embodiment can be realized.

In this case, the rotor portion 2B includes a rotor member having protrusions 8U ₁ and 8U ₂ having the same pitch in the central axis direction, and a rotor having protrusions 8L ₁ and 8L ₂ having a straight line in the central axis direction and the same pitch. The members can be configured by overlapping the protrusions 8U ₁ , 8U ₂ and the protrusions 8L ₁ , 8L ₂ in two stages so as to be shifted from each other by a half pitch. Further, the stator portion 3B is also straight in the central axis direction, and is a straight line in the central axis direction with the stator member having the protruding portions 16U and 16M ₁ having the same pitch, and the protruding portion 16M ₂ having the same pitch. The rotor member having the portion 16L can be configured by arranging the protruding portions 16U, 16M ₁ , 16M ₂ , and 16L in a straight line and overlapping each other in two steps. In addition, you may comprise the rotor part 2B and / or the stator part 3B by cutting out from one yoke member.

  In addition, the generators 1 and 1B have been described as having the stator portion 3 composed of the stator yokes 12U and 12L having a two-stage stacked structure, but the number of stages to be stacked may be any number as long as it is an even number. In this case, it is preferable that the rotor unit 2 has a structure in which those shown in FIG. 15 are stacked in the axial direction. Similarly, the generator 1B has been described as having the rotor part 2B made of a rotor member having a two-stage stack structure. However, it is preferable to stack the rotor parts 2B having the same structure, and the number of stages to be stacked is an even number. Any number of stages may be used.

  The generators 1 and 1B described above are of the inner rotor type, but may be of the outer rotor type. The rotor yoke 4 and the stator yokes 12U and 12L are preferably soft magnetic materials, but may be simple magnetic materials. Further, the grooves 6U, 6L, 14U, and 14L are not formed when they are integrally formed with the permanent magnet, but are referred to as grooves including the case of such integral formation. In addition, the hollow portion 5 serving as the non-magnetic body portion has an axial length that is longer than the distance between the axial outer ends of the permanent magnet 7U and the permanent magnet 7L, but the distance between the axial outer ends. It may be the same, slightly longer, or slightly shorter. In order to make cogging zero, it is preferable that the width of the protruding portion and the width between the protruding portions are the same, but the widths of both may not be the same and may be slightly different due to other requirements.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 16, the generator 1C provided with the stator yoke 3CU which does not have the permanent magnets 15U and 15L in the stator part 3C can also be comprised. That is, the generator 1C uses the space after removing the permanent magnets 15U, 15L from the stator portion 3 of the generator 1 as a non-magnetic body portion. Note that the space after the permanent magnets 15U and 15L are removed from the stator portion 3 may be filled with a resin or with a non-magnetic material such as aluminum. The generator 1C operates in the same manner as the generators 1 and 1B according to the above-described embodiment. However, since the stator 3C does not have the permanent magnets 15U and 15L, the current waveform shown in FIG. Inverted at the portions 17U and 17L.

For example, the state shown in FIG. 16 corresponds to the state S1 shown in FIG. Considering the state of the generator 1 in the state S1 shown in FIG. 6, since the generator 1 has the permanent magnet 15L in the stator yoke 12L, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15L is attracted to the rotor portion 2 side. Therefore, the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17L becomes weak. On the other hand, in the generator 1C, since there is no permanent magnet 15L in the stator yoke 12CL, the protrusions 9 and 8L and the protrusions 16L ₁ and 16L ₂ are opposed to each other by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7L of the rotor portion 2. To enter the stator yoke 12CL side. Thereby, the magnetic path M15 is formed and the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17L becomes strong.

Similarly, in the generator 1, since the stator yoke 12U includes the permanent magnet 15U, in the state S1, the magnetic path M1 is formed around the winding portion 17U by the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 15U, and thus the winding portion 17U. The magnetic flux around is strong. On the other hand, in the generator 1C, since the stator yoke 12CU does not have the permanent magnet 15U, the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 7U of the rotor part 2 enters the stator yoke 12CU side to form the magnetic path M16, but the stator part 3C side Since the protruding portions 16U ₁ and 16U ₂ are not opposed to the protruding portions 8U and 9 of the rotor portion 2, the magnetic flux around the winding portion 17U becomes weak.

  Thus, when the generator 1 and the generator 1C are compared, it can be seen that the strength of the magnetic flux in the winding portions 17U and 17L is reversed. Therefore, in the generator 1 and the generator 1C, the waveform of the current shown in FIG. 12 is inverted at the winding portions 17U and 17L, respectively. Similarly, with respect to the waveform of the current generated in the winding section 18, the waveform of the current shown in the upper diagram of FIG. 13 is reversed between the generator 1 and the generator 1C.

  Further, the hollow portion 5 may be completely hollow without inserting a wire, or a non-magnetic material may be packed in the hollow portion 5. According to this, the generator 1 generates power only by the winding portions 17U and 17L. However, since the generator 1 has no cogging and has two winding portions 17U and 17L. As compared with a conventional generator having cogging and having a single winding portion, it is possible to generate power more efficiently.

1, 1A, 1B, 1C ... generator, 2 ... rotor part, 3 ... stator part, 4 ... rotor yoke (rotor member), 5 ... hollow part (non-magnetic body part), 6U, 6L, 14U, 14L ... groove, 7U, 7L ... permanent magnet (rotor side permanent magnets), 15U, 15L ... permanent magnet (stator side permanent _{magnets), 8U, 9,8L, 8U 1} , 8U 2, 8L 1, 8L 2 ... protrusion (rotor-side protruding Part), 11 ... hole (insertion hole of the rotor part), 12U, 12L ... stator yoke (part of the stator member), 13U, 13L ... hollow part, 16U ₁ , 16U ₂ , 16L ₁ , 16L ₂ , 16U, 16M , 16L ... projecting portion (stator side projecting portion), 17U, 17L, 18 ... winding portion

Claims (8)

A rotor yoke made of a soft magnetic material and having a cylindrical non-magnetic material portion and a groove that is a multiple of 2 toward the non-magnetic material portion, and a ring shape that is arranged in each of the grooves and is NS magnetized in the axial direction The rotor-side permanent magnets and a plurality of rotor-side projecting portions that protrude toward the stator portion from the rotor-side permanent magnet and are arranged in a straight line at a constant pitch across the rotor-side permanent magnet A rotor side coil wound around the non-magnetic body portion in the circumferential direction;
A stator-like permanent magnet made of a soft magnetic material, opposite to the rotor-side permanent magnet and magnetized in the opposite direction to the rotor-side permanent magnet in the axial direction, and the stator-side permanent magnet Projecting toward the rotor portion side, facing the rotor portion of the stator side permanent magnet, and a stator side projection portion arranged at a fixed pitch with a straight line at positions spaced apart from each other with the stator side permanent magnet interposed therebetween. A stator member comprising a stator side coil wound in the circumferential direction on the opposite side to the stator side, wherein the stator side protrusions are shifted from each other by a half pitch between the stator members adjacent in the axial direction When,
Having
A generator characterized by that. The generator according to claim 1,
The nonmagnetic body portions are installed in the number of the multiples, and each nonmagnetic body portion extends in the axial direction so as to connect two adjacent rotor side permanent magnets, and the length of the nonmagnetic body portions is the length of the rotor side permanent magnets. A generator characterized by a distance greater than or equal to the distance between both outer ends in the axial direction. A rotor yoke made of a soft magnetic material and having a cylindrical non-magnetic material portion and a groove that is a multiple of 2 toward the non-magnetic material portion, and a ring shape that is arranged in each of the grooves and is NS magnetized in the axial direction The rotor-side permanent magnets, and a plurality of rotor-side projecting portions that protrude to the stator portion side relative to the rotor-side permanent magnet and are disposed at positions separated from each other across the rotor-side permanent magnet. The rotor-side protrusions arranged between the side permanent magnets are arranged around the rotor-side protrusions and the non-magnetic body parts, which are offset from each other by a half pitch at a position that bisects the axial length thereof. A rotor part having a rotor side coil wound in a direction;
A stator-like permanent magnet made of a soft magnetic material, opposite to the rotor-side permanent magnet and magnetized in the opposite direction to the rotor-side permanent magnet in the axial direction, and the stator-side permanent magnet Projecting toward the rotor portion side, facing the rotor portion of the stator side permanent magnet, and a stator side projection portion arranged at a fixed pitch with a straight line at positions spaced apart from each other with the stator side permanent magnet interposed therebetween. A stator member comprising a stator side coil wound in the circumferential direction on the opposite side to the side, and the stator side protrusions are arranged in a straight line at a constant pitch between the stator members adjacent in the axial direction. A stator part adapted to,
Having
A generator characterized by that. The generator according to claim 3,
The nonmagnetic body portions are installed in the number of the multiples, and each nonmagnetic body portion extends in the axial direction so as to connect two adjacent rotor side permanent magnets, and the length of the nonmagnetic body portions is the length of the rotor side permanent magnets. A generator characterized by a distance greater than or equal to the distance between both outer ends in the axial direction. The generator according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The area of the portion where the rotor-side protruding portion and the stator-side protruding portion face each other and the area of the non-facing portion are constant regardless of the positional relationship in the rotational direction between the rotor portion and the stator portion. Set,
A generator characterized by that. The generator according to claim 1 or 3,
In place of the stator-side permanent magnet, a non-magnetic part is provided,
A generator characterized by that. The generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A first converter for inputting the generated power of the stator side coil of the generator;
A second converter for inputting the generated power of the rotor side coil of the generator;
An inverter that inputs the output of the first converter and the output of the second converter in parallel and outputs AC power;
Having
A power generation system characterized by that. The generator according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
Connection means of a first device connected to the stator side coil of the generator;
Connection means of a second device connected to the rotor side coil of the generator;
Having
A power generation system characterized by that.

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