JP2014084543A - Three-dimensional fiber structure - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、三次元繊維構造体に係り、詳しくは補強用のリブを有する三次元繊維構造体に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a three-dimensional fiber structure, and more particularly to a three-dimensional fiber structure having reinforcing ribs.
繊維強化複合材は軽量の構造材料として広く使用されている。複合材用の強化基材として三次元織物（三次元繊維構造体）がある。この三次元織物を強化基材として、樹脂あるいは無機物をマトリックスとした複合材はロケット、航空機、自動車、船舶及び建築物の構造材として用いられている。そして、航空機や自動車等に使用される繊維強化複合材は燃費低減のため軽量化の要求が強い。 Fiber reinforced composites are widely used as lightweight structural materials. There is a three-dimensional fabric (three-dimensional fiber structure) as a reinforcing base material for composite materials. A composite material using this three-dimensional woven fabric as a reinforcing base and a resin or inorganic matrix as a matrix is used as a structural material for rockets, aircraft, automobiles, ships, and buildings. And the fiber reinforced composite material used for an aircraft, a motor vehicle, etc. has a strong request | requirement of weight reduction for a fuel consumption reduction.
従来、軽量化を図るため、図６に示すように、基板部（ベース部）５１にＴ字状の補強リブ５２が厚さ方向糸ｚにより結合された三次元繊維構造体Ｗが提案されている（特許文献１参照）。三次元繊維構造体Ｗは、基板部５１及び補強リブ５２とも、それぞれ複数の糸層を積層して形成された面内４軸の配向となる積層糸群と、その厚さ方向に配列された厚さ方向糸ｚで構成されている。補強リブ５２と基板部５１とはその平面部が対応する位置においては、厚さ方向糸ｚが基板部５１の厚さ方向と平行に配列されている。また、屈曲部５４と対応する位置においては、厚さ方向糸ｚが基板部５１の厚さ方向に対して交差する状態で、屈曲部５４及び基板部５１を貫通するように配列されている。 Conventionally, in order to reduce the weight, a three-dimensional fiber structure W in which a T-shaped reinforcing rib 52 is bonded to a substrate part (base part) 51 with a thickness direction thread z as shown in FIG. 6 has been proposed. (See Patent Document 1). In the three-dimensional fiber structure W, both the base plate portion 51 and the reinforcing rib 52 are each a laminated yarn group formed by laminating a plurality of yarn layers and having an in-plane four-axis orientation, and thicknesses arranged in the thickness direction thereof. It is composed of a vertical thread z. The thickness direction thread z is arranged in parallel with the thickness direction of the substrate portion 51 at a position where the plane portions of the reinforcing rib 52 and the substrate portion 51 correspond. Further, at a position corresponding to the bent portion 54, the thickness direction thread z is arranged so as to penetrate the bent portion 54 and the substrate portion 51 in a state where it intersects the thickness direction of the substrate portion 51.
特許文献１の三次元繊維構造体Ｗは、基板部５１上に複数のＴ字状の補強リブ５２が、隣り合う補強リブ５２同士が間隔を置いて厚さ方向糸ｚにより結合されている。そして、基板部５１及び補強リブ５２を形成する積層繊維層を結合する厚さ方向糸ｚの長さは、基板部５１のみの箇所と、基板部５１及び補強リブ５２のフランジ部５２ａが重なる箇所とでは異なる長さになる。そのため、厚さ方向糸ｚを挿入する場合、基板部５１のみの箇所と、基板部５１及び補強リブ５２のフランジ部５２ａが重なる箇所とで厚さ方向糸ｚの挿入条件の変更調整を行う必要があり、挿入の工数が大きくなる。 In the three-dimensional fiber structure W of Patent Document 1, a plurality of T-shaped reinforcing ribs 52 are coupled to each other on a substrate portion 51 by a thickness direction thread z at intervals between adjacent reinforcing ribs 52. And the length of the thickness direction thread | yarn z which couple | bonds the laminated fiber layer which forms the board | substrate part 51 and the reinforcement rib 52 is a place where only the board | substrate part 51 and the flange part 52a of the board | substrate part 51 and the reinforcement rib 52 overlap. And different lengths. Therefore, when inserting the thickness direction thread z, it is necessary to change and adjust the insertion condition of the thickness direction thread z at a position where only the substrate portion 51 and a position where the flange portion 52a of the substrate portion 51 and the reinforcing rib 52 overlap. This increases the man-hours for insertion.
本発明は、前記の問題に鑑みてなされたものであって、その目的は、ベース部及びリブを有する三次元繊維構造体の製造時に、リブのフランジ部とベース部とを結合する結合糸を容易に挿入することができる三次元繊維構造体を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to provide a binding yarn that joins a flange portion of a rib and a base portion when a three-dimensional fiber structure having a base portion and a rib is manufactured. An object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional fiber structure that can be easily inserted.
上記課題を解決する三次元繊維構造体は、ベース部及び前記ベース部と直交するリブを有し、前記ベース部及び前記リブは繊維層が積層された少なくとも２軸配向となる積層繊維層が結合糸で結合されて構成されている。そして、前記リブはフランジ部を有し、前記フランジ部が前記ベース部のリブ取り付け面を全て覆った状態で、かつ前記ベース部と前記フランジ部とが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、前記結合糸により結合されている。 A three-dimensional fiber structure that solves the above problems has a base portion and a rib orthogonal to the base portion, and the base portion and the rib are bonded to a laminated fiber layer that is at least biaxially oriented in which fiber layers are laminated. It is composed of yarns. The rib has a flange portion, the flange portion covers the entire rib mounting surface of the base portion, and the thickness of the portion where the base portion and the flange portion overlap is constant. , And are connected by the binding yarn.
この構成によれば、リブのフランジ部がベース部のリブ取り付け面を全て覆った状態で、かつベース部とフランジ部とが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、結合糸により結合されるため、リブのフランジ部とベース部とを結合するために、ベース部の厚さ方向と平行に挿入される結合糸の挿入長さが一定になる。したがって、ベース部及びリブを有する三次元繊維構造体の製造時に、リブのフランジ部とベース部とを結合する結合糸を容易に挿入することができる。 According to this configuration, the rib portion of the rib covers the entire rib mounting surface of the base portion, and the portion where the base portion and the flange portion overlap with each other is bonded with the binding yarn with a constant thickness. Therefore, in order to connect the flange portion of the rib and the base portion, the insertion length of the connecting yarn inserted in parallel with the thickness direction of the base portion is constant. Therefore, at the time of manufacturing the three-dimensional fiber structure having the base portion and the ribs, it is possible to easily insert the binding yarn that joins the flange portion of the rib and the base portion.
前記リブの厚さは、前記フランジ部及び前記ベース部が重なった部分と同じ厚さに形成されていることが好ましい。この構成によれば、リブの本体部、即ちフランジ部で支えられてベース部に固定される部分への結合糸の挿入を、フランジ部及びベース部の重なり部に結合糸を挿入する際と同じストロークで行うことができる。 It is preferable that the rib is formed to have the same thickness as a portion where the flange portion and the base portion overlap. According to this configuration, the insertion of the binding thread into the rib main part, that is, the part supported by the flange part and fixed to the base part, is the same as when the binding thread is inserted into the overlapping part of the flange part and the base part. Can be done with a stroke.
前記リブは、前記フランジ部の端面に段差部を有することが好ましい。この構成によれば、三次元繊維構造体を強化基材として繊維強化複合材を形成した際に、フランジ部の端面が平坦な場合に比べて、フランジ部の突き合わせ位置と対応する箇所における曲げ強度が高くなる。 It is preferable that the rib has a step portion on an end surface of the flange portion. According to this configuration, when a fiber reinforced composite material is formed using a three-dimensional fiber structure as a reinforcing base material, the bending strength at a location corresponding to the butt position of the flange portion is larger than when the end surface of the flange portion is flat. Becomes higher.
本発明によれば、ベース部及びリブを有する三次元繊維構造体の製造時に、リブのフランジ部とベース部とを結合する結合糸を容易に挿入することができる。 According to the present invention, when manufacturing a three-dimensional fiber structure having a base portion and a rib, it is possible to easily insert a binding yarn that connects the flange portion of the rib and the base portion.
以下、三次元繊維構造体の一実施形態を図１にしたがって説明する。
図１（ａ）に示すように、三次元繊維構造体１０は、ベース部１１及びベース部１１と直交するリブ１２を有する。図１（ａ）に示すように、ベース部１１は、長手方向と直交する断面形状がコ字状に形成されている。図１（ｂ）に示すように、リブ１２は、断面形状がコ字状のリブ中間体１３を２個結合して略Ｉ型状に形成され、リブ本体１２ａの上下両端にフランジ部１２ｂを有し、上下対称、かつ左右対称の形状に形成されている。
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a three-dimensional fiber structure will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1A, the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 has a base portion 11 and a rib 12 orthogonal to the base portion 11. As shown to Fig.1 (a), the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to a longitudinal direction is formed in the base part 11 in U shape. As shown in FIG. 1B, the rib 12 is formed in a substantially I shape by joining two rib intermediate bodies 13 having a U-shaped cross section, and flange portions 12b are provided at both upper and lower ends of the rib body 12a. It has a vertically symmetrical and left-right symmetric shape.
リブ本体１２ａの厚さ及びフランジ部１２ｂとベース部１１とが重なった部分の厚さは、三次元繊維構造体１０を強化基材として使用する繊維強化樹脂の要求強度に適した厚さに設定される。この実施形態では、リブ本体１２ａの厚さ及びフランジ部１２ｂとベース部１１とが重なった部分の厚さは同じに設定されている。即ち、ベース部１１の厚さｔ及びフランジ部１２ｂの厚さｔは、リブ本体１２ａの厚さ２ｔの１／２に設定されている。 The thickness of the rib main body 12a and the thickness of the portion where the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11 overlap are set to a thickness suitable for the required strength of the fiber reinforced resin using the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 as the reinforcing base material. Is done. In this embodiment, the thickness of the rib main body 12a and the thickness of the portion where the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11 overlap are set to be the same. That is, the thickness t of the base portion 11 and the thickness t of the flange portion 12b are set to ½ of the thickness 2t of the rib body 12a.
ベース部１１及びリブ１２は、図１（ｃ）に示すように、連続繊維からなる繊維層１４が積層された少なくとも２軸配向となる積層繊維層１５が結合糸としての厚さ方向糸ｚで結合されて構成されている。この実施形態では、積層繊維層１５は、配列角度が０度、９０度、±４５度の繊維層１４が複数積層されて４軸配向に形成されている。積層繊維層１５は、厚さが、例えば、５〜１０ｍｍ程度に形成されている。連続繊維及び厚さ方向糸ｚとしては、例えば、炭素繊維が使用される。炭素繊維はフィラメント数が数百〜数万本程度であり、要求性能に適した本数の繊維束が選択される。なお、図１（ａ），（ｂ）においては、厚さ方向糸ｚの図示を省略している。 As shown in FIG. 1 (c), the base portion 11 and the ribs 12 are made of at least a biaxially oriented laminated fiber layer 15 in which fiber layers 14 made of continuous fibers are laminated, with a thickness direction yarn z as a binding yarn. Composed and configured. In this embodiment, the laminated fiber layer 15 is formed in a four-axis orientation by laminating a plurality of fiber layers 14 having an arrangement angle of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, and ± 45 degrees. The laminated fiber layer 15 has a thickness of, for example, about 5 to 10 mm. As the continuous fiber and the thickness direction yarn z, for example, carbon fiber is used. Carbon fiber has a number of filaments of about several hundred to several tens of thousands, and the number of fiber bundles suitable for the required performance is selected. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, the illustration of the thickness direction thread z is omitted.
図１（ａ），（ｅ）に示すように、リブ１２は、フランジ部１２ｂがベース部１１のリブ取り付け面１１ａを全て覆った状態で、かつベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、図１（ｅ）に示すように厚さ方向糸ｚで結合されている。 As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1E, the rib 12 is a portion in which the flange portion 12b covers the entire rib mounting surface 11a of the base portion 11 and the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b overlap each other. In the state where the thickness of each is constant, as shown in FIG.
図１（ｄ）に示すように、リブ１２は、リブ本体１２ａとフランジ部１２ｂの部分とで厚さ方向糸ｚの挿入密度が異なり、フランジ部１２ｂの部分の挿入密度が小さくなっている。これは、フランジ部１２ｂに対しては、リブ１２をベース部１１と結合する際に、ベース部１１及びフランジ部１２ｂを貫通するように厚さ方向糸ｚが挿入されるため、その分、挿入密度が小さくなっている。 As shown in FIG. 1D, in the rib 12, the insertion density of the thickness direction thread z is different between the rib main body 12a and the flange portion 12b, and the insertion density of the flange portion 12b is small. This is because the thickness direction thread z is inserted into the flange portion 12b so as to penetrate the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b when the rib 12 is coupled to the base portion 11. The density is getting smaller.
次に前記のように構成された三次元繊維構造体１０の製造方法の一例を説明する。三次元繊維構造体１０を製造する場合、ベース部１１の形状に対応した枠体を使用して、ベース部１１を製作し、リブ１２を左右半分にした形状に対応した枠体を使用して、リブ中間体１３を製作する。そして、図１（ｄ）に示すように、２つのリブ中間体１３を厚さ方向糸ｚで結合してリブ１２を形成する。積層繊維層１５に厚さ方向糸ｚを挿入する厚さ方向糸挿入装置として、例えば、特許文献１に記載された装置と基本的に同様の装置を使用することができる。ただし、厚さ方向糸ｚは、リブ本体１２ａの部分を除き、ハンドリングを可能にする程度の粗い間隔で予備的に挿入される。 Next, an example of a manufacturing method of the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 configured as described above will be described. When the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 is manufactured, a frame corresponding to the shape of the base part 11 is used, the base part 11 is manufactured, and a frame corresponding to the shape in which the ribs 12 are halved is used. The rib intermediate body 13 is manufactured. And as shown in FIG.1 (d), the two rib intermediate body 13 is couple | bonded by the thickness direction thread | z, and the rib 12 is formed. As the thickness direction yarn inserting device for inserting the thickness direction yarn z into the laminated fiber layer 15, for example, a device basically similar to the device described in Patent Document 1 can be used. However, the thickness direction thread z is preliminarily inserted at a rough interval that allows handling except for the rib main body 12a.
次に図１（ｅ）に示すように、複数のリブ１２を、隣り合うリブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂの先端同士を突き合わせた状態で、複数のリブ１２がベース部１１のリブ取り付け面１１ａを全て覆った状態にセットする。そして、厚さ方向糸挿入装置により、厚さ方向糸ｚをベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとが重なった部分に挿入してリブ１２をベース部１１に結合する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 1 (e), the plurality of ribs 12 cover all the rib attachment surfaces 11 a of the base portion 11 in a state where the tips of the flange portions 12 b of the adjacent ribs 12 are abutted with each other. Set it covered. Then, the thickness direction thread z is inserted into a portion where the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12 b overlap with each other by the thickness direction thread insertion device, and the rib 12 is coupled to the base portion 11.
ベース部１１及びフランジ部１２ｂは厚さが一定に形成されているため、厚さ方向糸ｚの挿入長さが一定の状態でベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとが結合される。そのため、従来技術のように隣り合うリブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂが離れた状態でベース部１１上に配置されたリブ１２を厚さ方向糸ｚで結合する場合と異なり、ベース部及びリブを有する三次元繊維構造体の製造時に、リブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂとベース部１１とを結合する厚さ方向糸ｚの挿入が容易になる。なお、リブ１２の屈曲部と対応する箇所には、必要に応じて厚さ方向糸ｚがベース部１１の厚さ方向に対して傾斜する状態で挿入される。 Since the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b are formed to have a constant thickness, the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b are joined with the insertion length of the thickness direction thread z being constant. Therefore, unlike the case of connecting the ribs 12 arranged on the base portion 11 with the thickness direction thread z in a state where the flange portions 12b of the adjacent ribs 12 are separated as in the prior art, the tertiary having the base portion and the ribs. When the original fiber structure is manufactured, it is easy to insert the thickness direction thread z that joins the flange portion 12b of the rib 12 and the base portion 11. It should be noted that the thickness direction thread z is inserted into a portion corresponding to the bent portion of the rib 12 in a state where it is inclined with respect to the thickness direction of the base portion 11 as necessary.
従来技術では、ベース部１１の必要強度はベース部１１のみで確保する必要があり、フランジ部１２ｂの部分は製品の重量増加に繋がった。しかし、前記のように構成された三次元繊維構造体１０は、ベース部１１の厚さとフランジ部１２ｂの厚さの合計が製品の必要強度に対応するように設計することで、製品の軽量化を図ることができる。 In the prior art, the required strength of the base portion 11 needs to be secured only by the base portion 11, and the flange portion 12b portion has led to an increase in the weight of the product. However, the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 configured as described above is designed so that the total thickness of the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b corresponds to the required strength of the product, thereby reducing the weight of the product. Can be achieved.
前記のように構成された三次元繊維構造体１０は、繊維強化複合材、例えば、繊維強化樹脂の強化基材として使用される。繊維強化樹脂のマトリックス樹脂としては、熱硬化性樹脂、例えば、エポキシ樹脂が使用される。三次元繊維構造体１０は、リブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂがベース部１１のリブ取り付け面１１ａを全て覆った状態で、かつベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、厚さ方向糸ｚにより結合されているため、従来技術と異なり、段差部がない。そのため、得られた繊維強化樹脂は、応力集中が起こり難い。 The three-dimensional fiber structure 10 configured as described above is used as a reinforced base material of a fiber reinforced composite material, for example, a fiber reinforced resin. As the matrix resin of the fiber reinforced resin, a thermosetting resin, for example, an epoxy resin is used. The three-dimensional fiber structure 10 is in a state where the flange portion 12b of the rib 12 covers the entire rib attachment surface 11a of the base portion 11, and the thickness of the portion where the base portion 11 and the flange portion 12b overlap is constant. Thus, since they are joined by the thickness direction thread z, there is no step portion unlike the conventional technique. Therefore, stress concentration does not easily occur in the obtained fiber reinforced resin.
この実施形態によれば、以下に示す効果を得ることができる。
（１）三次元繊維構造体１０は、ベース部１１及びベース部１１と直交するリブ１２を有し、ベース部１１及びリブ１２は繊維層１４が積層された少なくとも２軸配向となる積層繊維層１５が結合糸（厚さ方向糸ｚ）で結合されて構成されている。そして、リブ１２はフランジ部１２ｂを有し、フランジ部１２ｂがベース部１１のリブ取り付け面１１ａを全て覆った状態で、かつベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、厚さ方向糸ｚにより結合されている。そのため、リブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂとベース部１１とを結合するために、ベース部１１の厚さ方向と平行に挿入される厚さ方向糸ｚの挿入長さが一定になる。したがって、ベース部１１及びリブ１２を有する三次元繊維構造体１０の製造時に、リブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂとベース部１１とを結合する厚さ方向糸ｚを容易に挿入することができる。また、ベース部１１の厚さとフランジ部１２ｂの厚さの合計が製品の必要強度に対応するように設計することで、製品の軽量化を図ることができる。
According to this embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) The three-dimensional fiber structure 10 includes a base portion 11 and a rib 12 that is orthogonal to the base portion 11, and the base portion 11 and the rib 12 are laminated fiber layers that are at least biaxially oriented in which fiber layers 14 are laminated. 15 is constituted by being joined by a joining yarn (thickness direction yarn z). And the rib 12 has the flange part 12b, the thickness of the part which the base part 11 and the flange part 12b overlapped with the flange part 12b covering all the rib attachment surfaces 11a of the base part 11 is constant. In the state, they are joined by the thickness direction thread z. Therefore, in order to couple the flange portion 12b of the rib 12 and the base portion 11, the insertion length of the thickness direction thread z inserted in parallel with the thickness direction of the base portion 11 is constant. Accordingly, when the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 having the base portion 11 and the rib 12 is manufactured, the thickness direction thread z that connects the flange portion 12b of the rib 12 and the base portion 11 can be easily inserted. Moreover, the weight of the product can be reduced by designing the total of the thickness of the base portion 11 and the thickness of the flange portion 12b to correspond to the required strength of the product.
（２）リブ１２の厚さは、フランジ部１２ｂ及びベース部１１が重なった部分と同じ厚さに形成されているため、リブ１２のリブ本体１２ａ、即ちフランジ部１２ｂで支えられてベース部１１に固定される部分への結合糸（厚さ方向糸ｚ）の挿入を、フランジ部１２ｂ及びベース部１１の重なり部に結合糸を挿入する際と同じストロークで行うことができる。そのため、結合糸の挿入がより容易になる。 (2) Since the thickness of the rib 12 is the same as that of the portion where the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11 overlap, the base portion 11 is supported by the rib body 12a of the rib 12, that is, the flange portion 12b. The joining yarn (thickness direction yarn z) can be inserted into the portion fixed to the base member with the same stroke as when the joining yarn is inserted into the overlapping portion of the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11. Therefore, it becomes easier to insert the connecting yarn.
実施形態は前記に限定されるものではなく、例えば、次のように具体化してもよい。
○ ベース部１１の形状は長手方向と直交する断面形状がコ字状に限らず、例えば、図２に示すように、長手方向と直交する断面形状がＬ字状であってもよい。この場合、リブ１２も略Ｉ字状の形状ではなく、断面逆Ｔ字状の形状に形成される。
The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be embodied as follows, for example.
The cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction is not limited to the U shape, but the cross-sectional shape orthogonal to the longitudinal direction may be L-shaped, for example, as shown in FIG. In this case, the rib 12 is also formed in an inverted T-shaped cross section instead of a substantially I-shaped shape.
○ ベース部１１の形状は立体的な形状に限らず、平面状であってもよい。例えば、図３に示すように、平板状のベース部１１上に、断面逆Ｔ字状に形成されたリブ１２がフランジ部１２ｂにおいて結合された構成としてもよい。 The shape of the base portion 11 is not limited to a three-dimensional shape, and may be a planar shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, it is good also as a structure by which the rib 12 formed in the cross-sectional inverted T shape on the flat base part 11 was couple | bonded in the flange part 12b.
○ リブ１２は、フランジ部１２ｂの端面が平坦に限らず、例えば、図４に示すように、フランジ部１２ｂが段差部１６を有する状態に形成されていてもよい。フランジ部１２ｂの端面が平坦な場合、隣り合うリブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂの突き合わせ面がベース部１１に垂直な一平面上に位置する状態になり、リブ１２を構成する繊維でその平面を跨ぐように配列されたものがない。一方、フランジ部１２ｂが段差部１６を有する状態に形成された場合は、隣り合うリブ１２のフランジ部１２ｂの突き合わせ面がずれた状態となり、任意の位置においてベース部１１に垂直な一平面を跨ぐように配列された繊維が必ず存在する状態となる。そのため、三次元繊維構造体１０を強化基材として繊維強化複合材を形成した際に、フランジ部１２ｂの端面が平坦な場合に比べて、フランジ部１２ｂの突き合わせ位置と対応する箇所における曲げ強度が高くなる。 The rib 12 is not limited to a flat end surface of the flange portion 12b. For example, the rib 12b may be formed in a state in which the flange portion 12b has a stepped portion 16, as shown in FIG. When the end surface of the flange portion 12b is flat, the abutting surface of the flange portion 12b of the adjacent rib 12 is positioned on a single plane perpendicular to the base portion 11 so that the fibers constituting the rib 12 straddle the plane. There is nothing arranged in. On the other hand, when the flange portion 12b is formed in a state having the stepped portion 16, the abutting surface of the flange portion 12b of the adjacent rib 12 is shifted, and straddles one plane perpendicular to the base portion 11 at an arbitrary position. Thus, there is always a state in which fibers arranged as described above exist. Therefore, when a fiber reinforced composite material is formed using the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 as a reinforced base material, the bending strength at a location corresponding to the butt position of the flange portion 12b is higher than when the end surface of the flange portion 12b is flat. Get higher.
○ リブ１２の形状は、リブ本体１２ａの端部両側にフランジ部１２ｂを有する略Ｉ字状や逆Ｔ字状に限らない。例えば、図５に示すように、略Ｕ字状、即ち一対のリブ本体１２ａの端部が１つのフランジ部１２ｂで連結された形状であってもよい。このリブ１２を使用する場合は、ハンドリングが容易な数の隣り合うリブ１２のリブ本体１２ａ同士を予め厚さ方向糸ｚ結合した物をベース部１１上に配置して、ベース部１１とフランジ部１２ｂとを厚さ方向糸ｚで結合してもよい。しかし、リブ１２をフランジ部１２ｂにおいてベース部１１に厚さ方向糸ｚで結合した後、リブ本体１２ａ同士を厚さ方向糸ｚで結合してもよい。 The shape of the rib 12 is not limited to a substantially I shape or an inverted T shape having the flange portions 12b on both ends of the rib body 12a. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, it may be substantially U-shaped, that is, a shape in which the ends of the pair of rib main bodies 12a are connected by one flange portion 12b. When this rib 12 is used, a structure in which the rib bodies 12a of a number of adjacent ribs 12 that are easy to handle are joined in advance in the thickness direction thread z is arranged on the base portion 11, and the base portion 11 and the flange portion are arranged. 12b may be coupled with a thickness direction thread z. However, after the rib 12 is joined to the base portion 11 in the flange portion 12b with the thickness direction thread z, the rib bodies 12a may be joined with the thickness direction yarn z.
○ リブ１２の形状はベース部１１から垂直に突出する部分（リブ本体１２ａ）が単純な平板に限らず、先端側が屈曲した形状であってもよい。
○ リブ１２の厚さは、フランジ部１２ｂ及びベース部１１が重なった部分と同じ厚さに限らない。リブ１２及びベース部１１に要求される強度によって、リブ１２の厚さをフランジ部１２ｂ及びベース部１１が重なった部分の厚さに比べて厚くしたり、薄くしたりしてもよい。
The shape of the rib 12 is not limited to a simple flat plate with a portion (rib main body 12a) protruding vertically from the base portion 11, but may be a shape in which the tip side is bent.
The thickness of the rib 12 is not limited to the same thickness as the portion where the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11 overlap. Depending on the strength required for the rib 12 and the base portion 11, the thickness of the rib 12 may be made thicker or thinner than the thickness of the portion where the flange portion 12b and the base portion 11 overlap.
○ 三次元繊維構造体１０を構成するベース部１１及びリブ１２を構成する積層繊維層１５は繊維の配列角度が０度、９０度、±４５度の４軸配向に限らず、少なくとも２軸配向であればよい。例えば、配列角度が０度、６０度及び−６０度に配列した連続繊維で面内３軸配向としたり、配列角度が０度と９０度の２軸配向としたりしてもよい。しかし、４軸配向の方が擬似等方性となるため好ましい。 ○ The base portion 11 constituting the three-dimensional fiber structure 10 and the laminated fiber layer 15 constituting the rib 12 are not limited to the four-axis orientation of the fiber arrangement angle of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, ± 45 degrees, but at least biaxial orientation If it is. For example, in-plane triaxial orientation may be used with continuous fibers arranged at 0, 60, and -60 degrees, or biaxial orientation at an arrangement angle of 0 degrees and 90 degrees. However, the 4-axis orientation is preferable because it becomes pseudo-isotropic.
○ 結合糸としての厚さ方向糸ｚは、抜け止め糸と共同で各繊維層１４を締め付けるように配列されたものに限らない。例えば、特開平６−１８４９０６号公報に開示された繊維構造体のように、チェーンステッチ方式で厚さ方向糸ｚ自身が抜け止め機能を果たすように各糸層を貫通して締め付ける構成としてもよい。また、針を用いて１本の結合糸（厚さ方向糸ｚ）が積層繊維層１５に一方の面から挿通され、他方の面で貫通位置を変えて折り返すように挿通されることを繰り返すステッチ糸であってもよい。 The thickness direction yarn z as the binding yarn is not limited to one arranged so as to tighten the fiber layers 14 together with the retaining yarn. For example, as in a fiber structure disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 6-184906, a structure may be used in which each thread layer is tightened through a chain stitch method so that the thickness direction thread z itself has a retaining function. . In addition, a stitch in which one binding thread (thickness direction thread z) is inserted into the laminated fiber layer 15 from one surface using a needle, and is repeatedly inserted through the other surface so as to be folded and changed. It may be a thread.
○ 結合糸（厚さ方向糸ｚ）の挿入間隔（密度）は、目的とする複合材に要求される強度に対応して設定される。
○ 積層繊維層１５は、配列角度が同じ連続繊維がそれぞれ一平面上に位置するように配列されて構成された繊維層１４が積層された構成に限らず、繊維層１４として織物が積層された構成であってもよい。織物としては、例えば、平織りの織物に限らず、二重織り等の多層織りで形成された織物を積層してもよい。この場合、連続繊維を配列した繊維層を積層して積層繊維層１５を構成するより、積層繊維層１５の形成を短時間で行うことができる。
The insertion interval (density) of the binding yarn (thickness direction yarn z) is set according to the strength required for the target composite material.
The laminated fiber layer 15 is not limited to a configuration in which the fiber layers 14 are arranged so that continuous fibers having the same arrangement angle are positioned on a single plane, and a woven fabric is laminated as the fiber layer 14. It may be a configuration. For example, the woven fabric is not limited to a plain woven fabric, and a woven fabric formed of a multi-layered weave such as a double weave may be laminated. In this case, the laminated fiber layer 15 can be formed in a shorter time than the laminated fiber layer 15 is formed by laminating fiber layers in which continuous fibers are arranged.
○ 繊維強化樹脂のマトリックス樹脂は熱硬化性樹脂に限らず、熱可塑性樹脂、例えば、ナイロンを使用しても良い。
以下の技術的思想（発明）は前記実施形態から把握できる。
The matrix resin of the fiber reinforced resin is not limited to a thermosetting resin, and a thermoplastic resin such as nylon may be used.
The following technical idea (invention) can be understood from the embodiment.
（１）請求項１〜請求項３のいずれか一項に記載の発明の三次元繊維構造体を強化基材とした繊維強化複合材。 (1) A fiber reinforced composite material using the three-dimensional fiber structure of the invention according to any one of claims 1 to 3 as a reinforced base material.
１０…三次元繊維構造体、１１…ベース部、１１ａ…リブ取り付け面、１２…リブ、１２ｂ…フランジ部、１４…繊維層、１５…積層繊維層、１６…段差部。 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Three-dimensional fiber structure, 11 ... Base part, 11a ... Rib attachment surface, 12 ... Rib, 12b ... Flange part, 14 ... Fiber layer, 15 ... Laminated fiber layer, 16 ... Step part.
Claims (3)
前記リブはフランジ部を有し、前記フランジ部が前記ベース部のリブ取り付け面を全て覆った状態で、かつ前記ベース部と前記フランジ部とが重なった部分の厚さが一定の状態で、前記結合糸により結合されていることを特徴とする三次元繊維構造体。 A three-dimensional fiber structure comprising a base portion and a rib perpendicular to the base portion, wherein the base portion and the rib are formed by joining at least biaxially oriented laminated fiber layers laminated with fiber layers. Body,
The rib has a flange portion, the flange portion covers the entire rib mounting surface of the base portion, and the thickness of the portion where the base portion and the flange portion overlap is constant, A three-dimensional fiber structure characterized by being bound by a binding yarn.
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