JP2014037764A - Expansion joint - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an expansion joint, which reduces construction costs and has high degree of freedom in engineering.SOLUTION: A ditch is constructed between a structure and a peripheral area with its width changeable following movements of the ground. A cover is installed straddling the ditch so that cars can pass on it. In an expansion joint, the cover is fixed rotatably with one end of it at the aforesaid structure side as its pivot so that, when the aforesaid ditch narrows, the other end of it slides up on a slope face formed at the aforesaid peripheral area side. The aforesaid one end of the cover and a vicinity of the ditch side of the aforesaid structure are connected with dowel pins which can be freely inserted into dowel holes formed on each of them. The aforesaid dowel holes of the cover and the dowel pins have gaps between them, which allow the cover to rotate as mentioned above.

Description

  The present invention provides an expansion joint in which a groove that expands and contracts by the movement of the surrounding ground is provided around the structure, and a cover that slides following the movement of the surrounding ground with the other end as a fulcrum in the groove. It is about.

  In the seismic isolation structure used in warehouses, etc., a groove (clearance) is provided around the structure, and the structure and the surrounding ground are cut off to deal with the vibration acting on the structure with a seismic isolation device. Measures are taken to limit the extent to which it is possible and to minimize the collapse of stored items and the resulting human damage. A cover (lid) is installed in the groove so that a person or vehicle can access the structure. And this cover is fixed to the structure side only at one end, and the other end is a free end. When an earthquake occurs, the other end slides on the surrounding ground as the groove expands and contracts due to the horizontal movement of the ground. To follow the vibration.

  Regarding such an expansion joint, Patent Document 1 discloses a structure in which a convex portion is provided downward on one end of the back surface of the cover and the convex portion is rotatably fitted in a concave portion provided in the vicinity of the groove side of the structure. Has been. According to the structure, when an earthquake occurs, even if the structure or / and the surrounding ground are displaced in the horizontal direction and the groove expands, the cover remains horizontal and the other end slides on the edge of the surrounding ground, and conversely the groove Since the cover is rotatable about the convex portion as the fulcrum, the other end rises so as to ride on the slope provided on the surrounding ground, thereby following the vibration.

JP 2010-121267 A

  The cover of Patent Document 1 can be installed simply by fitting a convex portion provided at one end to a concave portion on the structure side. However, when an earthquake occurs, the cover tends to rotate especially following the shrinking of the groove. In this case, an excessive force acts on the convex portion of the cover, and the convex portion may be damaged from the root. In order to increase the strength of the convex portion, if the convex portion is thickened or reinforced such as by inserting a reinforcing bar, the weight of the convex portion increases accordingly, and this time, the concave portion to which this is fitted or its Construction costs increase, such as the need to increase the strength of the surroundings.

  Further, in order to actually support the convex portion so as to be rotatable in the concave portion, the convex portion 11 is covered with the cover 12 while the depth of the concave portion 10 is made larger than the length of the convex portion 11 as shown in FIG. It is necessary to incline at an angle corresponding to the rotation angle. However, if the depth of the concave portion 10 is large, the cover 12 may rattle due to the weight of the vehicle or the like due to the space 13 below the convex portion 11. Moreover, when the inclination angle of the convex portion 11 is large, the fitting (hooking) into the concave portion 10 is loosened, and the convex portion 11 may come out of the concave portion 10 during horizontal displacement such that the groove 14 expands. As described above, the structure of Patent Document 1 has a restriction that the degree of freedom in design is low.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an expansion joint that suppresses construction costs and has a high degree of design freedom.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, in the present invention, a groove whose width is expanded and contracted by the movement of the ground is provided between the structure and the surrounding ground, and a cover through which the vehicle can pass is laid across the groove. An expansion joint in which the cover is rotatably provided so that the other end rides on a slope provided on the surrounding ground side, with the one end on the structure side being a fulcrum when shrinking, and the one end of the cover and the Means of inserting and joining dowel pins that can be freely inserted into dowel holes provided in the vicinity of the groove side of the structure, and providing a gap that allows the rotation of the cover between the dowel holes of the cover and the dowel pins. Was used.

  In the expansion joint of the present invention, the cover slides horizontally with one end (base end) on the structure side as a fulcrum according to the expansion and contraction of the groove when an earthquake occurs, or the other end (tip) By rotating so that it floats up, it follows the movement of the ground. In the case of the present invention, the lower half of the dowel pin is inserted into the dowel hole on the structure side, and the upper half is inserted into the dowel hole of the cover. That is to install the cover. That is, in the state where the dowel pin is inserted into the dowel hole on the structure side, the relationship between the concavo-convex shape and the patent document 1 is upside down. Therefore, in the case of Patent Document 1, since the cover rotates with the base inner angle of the convex portion as a fulcrum, the convex portion needs to be inclined as described above, whereas in the case of the present invention Since the cover rotates with the lower corner portion of one end of the cover as a fulcrum, the cover can be rotatably supported only by determining both dimensions so as to provide a gap between the dowel hole and the dowel pin. .

  Since the dowel pin can be inserted with a certain gap in the dowel hole, the dowel pin can be manually inserted into the dowel hole on the structure side at the site, and the gap (play) allows the vehicle to pass. It can absorb daily horizontal movements such as slight vibrations.

  Further, the dowel pins are provided at two positions along the width direction of the cover, and the dowel pins are inserted into the respective dowel holes, thereby preventing the cover from turning when the vehicle is passing. By using three dowel holes, stress can be dispersed even when a large turning force is applied to the cover.

  In addition, when molding the cover or the cover installation part on the structure side where one end of the cover is to be molded with concrete, it is possible to simply steal the concrete in the corresponding part to make a dowel hole, but such a dowel hole is a friction with the dowel pin. It is assumed that the force increases and not only obstructs the follow-up performance of the cover, but also chipping occurs. Therefore, the dowel hole is configured by embedding a metal cup in concrete. In this case, both the dowel pin and the metal cup are made of stainless steel, so that rust prevention and electrolytic corrosion can be prevented.

  Also, the upper side surface of the dowel pin is a taper surface that is thinner on the upper side, and the dowel hole on the cover side is a reverse taper corresponding to this, so that the upper corner of the dowel pin is scraped or damaged. To prevent the

  Furthermore, in order to suppress the collision between heavy concrete and interference caused by the dowel pin and dowel hole interference, a buffer layer is provided on the inner peripheral surface of the dowel hole, or a buffer layer is provided between the structure and the cover. A means to provide is also adopted.

  Furthermore, the structure of the present invention is preferably a seismic isolation structure provided with a seismic isolation device, from the viewpoint of protecting the structure, and by providing a groove around the entire periphery, the protection function of the structure is further enhanced. Can do. Moreover, it is preferable that the structure is a warehouse with a low-rise and simple housing structure as compared with an office building or a housing complex.

  According to the present invention, the dowel hole is provided on one end of the back surface of the cover, and the dowel pin is inserted into the dowel hole from below, so that the cover can be installed easily and the structure of the cover is very simple. The effect of suppressing construction costs is high. In addition, if the gap between the dowel pin and the dowel hole can be secured, the cover can be rotatably supported, so that the degree of freedom in design is high. Furthermore, since the dowel pin can be loosely inserted into the dowel hole on the structure side, the dowel pin can be erected manually at the site, and the daily horizontal movement of the cover can be dealt with only by play. .

The longitudinal cross-sectional view (normal time) of the expansion joint which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention Vertical sectional view when the cover is removed from the same embodiment Vertical sectional view of the cover of the same embodiment Enlarged view of the main part on the seismic isolation structure side of the embodiment (virtual rotation of the cover) Plan view of the same embodiment Enlarged view of the main part on the seismic isolation structure side of the embodiment (virtual slide of the cover) Operation explanatory diagram of the same embodiment (during groove reduction) Other operation explanatory drawing of the same embodiment (at the time of groove expansion) Main part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another embodiment The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows another embodiment same as the above The principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the state which applied the buffering device to embodiment of FIG. Enlarged view of the main parts of a conventional expansion joint

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an expansion joint according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein 1 is a structure such as a warehouse, 2 is a groove separating the structure 1 and the surrounding ground 3, and 4 is across the groove 2. The cover 5 spanned between the structure 1 and the surrounding ground 3 is a dowel pin made of round steel that rotatably joins one end (base end) of the cover 4 to the vicinity of the groove 2 of the structure 1. The structure 1 is preferably provided with a base isolation device (not shown) on the foundation and provided with grooves 2 around the entire base isolation structure 1. By isolating the seismic isolation structure 1 from all directions and the surrounding ground 3 and limiting the vibration acting on the structure 1 to a range that can be attenuated and absorbed by the seismic isolation device, in addition to the housing itself, internal storage items This is because it is possible to protect personnel and personnel more reliably. However, depending on the environment at the site, the seismic isolation device may be omitted, and the groove may be provided in a part of the periphery of the structure 1.

  The cover 4 secures a passage through which people and vehicles can pass between the seismic isolation structure 1 blocked by the groove 2 and the surrounding ground 3. For this reason, as shown in FIG. 2, installation step portions 1a and 3a having the same depth as the thickness of the cover 4 are provided in the vicinity of the grooves 2 of the base isolation structure 1 and the surrounding ground 3, respectively. By placing both ends of the cover 4 on the parts 1a and 3a, a flat passage is formed between the seismic isolation structure 1 and the surrounding ground 3.

  The installation step portion 1a on the seismic isolation structure 1 side of the installation step portion supports one end of the cover 4, that is, a base end portion that becomes a rotation fulcrum side described later. As shown in FIG. A horizontal installation surface 1d is formed from a reference surface 1b serving as a road surface on the seismic structure 1 side through a vertical wall 1c having a height corresponding to the thickness of the cover 4. The installation surface 1d is provided with a cylindrical dowel hole 1e having an upward opening. In this embodiment, an angle mold 1f is provided at the corner between the reference surface 1b and the vertical wall 1c to protect the corner from damage.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, the installation step portion 3a of the peripheral ground 3 supports the other end portion (tip portion) of the cover 4, and from the reference surface 3b serving as the road surface on the peripheral ground 3 side to the slope 3c. A horizontal installation surface 3d is formed via In this embodiment, the reference surface 3b is protected by the iron plate 3e.

  On the other hand, the cover 4 has a length that can be installed between the installation steps 1a and 3a, and has a strength (thickness) that a vehicle such as a truck can pass through. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, when the cover 4 is installed on the rear surface on the base end side, a cylindrical dowel hole 4a having a downward opening is formed so as to communicate with the dowel hole 1e on the seismic isolation structure 1 side. On the other hand, a slope 4b is provided on the back surface of the tip portion so that it can slide on the slope 3c of the installation step 3a and ride on the reference surface 3b. In this embodiment, the side surface of one end of the cover is not vertical but is formed on an inclined surface 4c of about 80 degrees. Further, since the cover 4 is generally made of concrete, the tip is slightly protruded from the top surface of the tip portion to provide an iron plate 4d, and angle brackets 4e and 4f are provided at both upper and lower corner portions of the one end. Thus, it is preferable to protect the distal end portion and the proximal end portion from damage or the like by using these reinforcing metal fittings.

  To install the cover 4, first, the lower half of the dowel pin 5 is inserted into the dowel hole 1e on the seismic isolation structure 1 side, and the upper half of the dowel pin 5 is simply inserted into its own dowel hole 4a. Complete with. Here, the relationship between the dowel hole 4a and the dowel pin 5 will be described. The dowel pin 5 restrains one end of the cover 4. At the same time, in the present invention, the tip of the cover 4 is lifted up and down. The cover 4 must be pivotally supported. Therefore, in the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, the dowel hole 4 a has a larger diameter than the dowel pin 5, and the gap 6 that allows the rotation of the cover 4 is provided. As a specific example, when the cover 4 having a length of about 1800 mm and a thickness of about 200 mm is rotated at a maximum of 10 degrees, if the adopted dowel pin 5 has a diameter of 50 mm and the insertion amount into the dowel hole 4a is 100 mm (total length 200 mm), the cover 4 In FIG. 4, the dowel hole 4a having a diameter of 80 mm and a depth of 120 mm is formed at a position of 160 mm from the base end face, so that the cover 4 can be set at a design angle as shown by the phantom line (dashed line) in FIG. It can be rotated.

  The dowel pins 5 are preferably round steel, and as shown in FIG. 5, dowel holes 4a are provided in parallel at two locations in the width direction of the cover 4 to prevent the cover 4 from turning horizontally. However, in consideration of the case where a horizontal diagonal force is applied by the passing vehicle more than the design stress, in order to further distribute the stress on each dowel pin and prevent destruction more securely, dowel pins and dowel holes are provided at three locations. May be provided. Further, the dowel pin 5 is made by inserting a metal cup into the dowel hole 1e, 4a on the cover 4 or the seismic isolation structure 1 side with respect to the round steel dowel pin 5 rather than simply using a concrete hole. And the cover 4 can be rotated smoothly, and at the same time, damage to the dowel hole can be prevented. Further, the metal cup and the dowel pin are preferably made of stainless steel because it is preferable to prevent rust generation and corrosion due to contact between different metals. In addition, when employ | adopting a round steel or a steel cup, it is preferable that the inside is plated beforehand for rust prevention. However, an important technique in the present invention is the structure of the dowel pin and the dowel hole, and different materials may be adopted as appropriate for these materials.

  In the present embodiment, the dowel hole 1e on the seismic isolation structure 1 side also has a larger diameter than the dowel pin 5 as shown in FIG. It is configured to insert with a gap. Thus, when the dowel pin 5 is erected on the seismic isolation structure 1 side before the cover 4 is installed, an operator can easily insert the dowel pin 5 manually on site. Further, the gap can be used as a play to absorb a slight horizontal displacement that occurs when the vehicle enters and leaves the vehicle (see the dashed line in FIG. 6).

  According to the expansion joint having the above-described configuration, the cover 4 can be easily installed only by inserting the dowel pins 5 into the dowel holes 1e and 4a. Further, since the cover 4 does not have a convex portion for the rotation support shaft, the necessity for reinforcement is small, and since it is lightweight as a whole, there is no need for reinforcement on the installation step side.

  Then, when the seismic isolation structure 1 and / or the surrounding ground 3 are horizontally displaced so that the groove 2 is narrowed by the occurrence of the earthquake, as shown in FIG. 4 has a compressive force acting on it, and the force is converted into a rotational motion with the lower corner of the base end of the cover 4 as a fulcrum by the tip portion riding on the slope 3c of the surrounding ground 3, and absorbs the displacement. .

  On the contrary, when an earthquake occurs in which the groove 2 spreads, the cover 4 moves horizontally following the displacement of the seismic isolation structure 1, and as shown in FIG. The displacement is absorbed by the tip sliding horizontally on the installation surface 3d of the surrounding ground 3 while being fixed to the seismic isolation structure 1.

  In the above-described embodiment, the dowel pin 5 is inserted into the dowel hole 4a on the cover 4 side with a gap so that the cover 4 can be pivotally supported. In order not to interfere with the vertical wall 1c of the installation step portion 1a on the structure 1 side, the inclined surface 4c is provided on the base end side surface. That is, this is equivalent to the rotation trajectory between the base end side surface and the vertical wall 1c. Since it is technically synonymous with providing a clearance, the base end side surface of the cover 4 may be a vertical surface as long as the clearance can be secured.

  Next, an embodiment in which the dowel pin 5 is further improved is shown in FIGS. 9 and 10. FIG. 9 shows a form in which the side surface of the dowel pin protruding from the dowel hole 1e on the vibration isolation structure side is a taper surface 5a so that the upper side is thin, and FIG. A form in which a reverse taper surface corresponding to the paper surface 5a is provided. By comprising in this way, it can suppress that the front-end corner | angular part of the dowel pin 5 damages the side wall of the dowel hole 4a at the time of rocking | fluctuating of the cover 4 by an earthquake, maintaining the effect in previous embodiment. A highly reliable structure can be obtained.

  FIG. 11 shows a shock absorber applied to all the embodiments disclosed above and applied to the device of FIG. In the figure, 6 is a sleeve-like buffer layer provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the dowel hole 1a on the vibration isolation structure side, 7 is a sleeve-like buffer layer provided on the inner peripheral wall surface of the dowel hole 4a on the cover side, A flat buffer layer 8 is provided between the contact surface of the vibration-isolating structure 1 and the cover 4. The buffer layer uses rubber sheets in consideration of aging deterioration, etc., but it is widely used as long as it is a material that can prevent the collision between the dowel hole and the dowel pin or the collision between the cover 4 and the vibration isolation structure 1 and the crack. Is possible. Of course, these shock absorbers can be applied to the embodiments of FIGS.

1 Seismic Isolation Structure 2 Groove 3 Surrounding Ground 4 Cover 5 Dowel Pin 6, 7, 8 Buffer Layer

Claims (12)

A groove whose width is expanded and contracted by the movement of the ground is provided between the structure and the surrounding ground, and a cover through which the vehicle can pass is laid across the groove. The expansion joint is provided so that the cover can turn so that the other end rides on the slope provided on the peripheral ground side,
Joining the one end of the cover and the vicinity of the groove side of the structure by dowel pins that can be inserted into dowel holes provided respectively,
An expansion joint, characterized in that a gap allowing the rotation of the cover is provided between a dowel hole and a dowel pin of the cover. The expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein the dowel holes are provided in two places in parallel with the width direction of the cover. The expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein the dowel holes are provided at three positions in parallel with the width direction of the cover. The expansion joint according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the cover and the cover installation part in the vicinity of the groove side of the structure are concrete, and a dowel hole is formed by embedding a metal cup in the concrete. The expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the dowel pin has a side surface of a portion protruding from the dowel hole on the structure side as a taper surface whose upper side is narrowed. An expansion joint provided with a reverse taper surface corresponding to the taper surface of the dowel pin according to claim 5 in the dowel hole on the cover side. The expansion joint according to claim 4, wherein the dowel pin and the cup are made of stainless steel. The expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein a buffer layer is provided on an inner peripheral wall surface of the dowel hole. The expansion joint according to claim 1, wherein a buffer layer is provided between the structure and the cover. The expansion joint according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the buffer layer is a rubber layer. The expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the structure includes a seismic isolation device, and grooves are provided around the entire seismic isolation structure. The expansion joint according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the structure is a warehouse.

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