JP2014031716A - Construction method of waterproof sheet and waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a construction method of a waterproof sheet which can shorten a curing period at a job site and form a uniform waterproof layer by solving problems of the conventional methods using asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, urethane coating film waterproofing, a vinyl chloride sheet floor or the like, and a waterproof sheet used in the construction method.SOLUTION: A primer is applied on a floor surface in a construction site, consequently an adhesive layer is formed, and then a waterproof sheet, which is produced beforehand in a factory or the like by molding a waterproof sheet comprising a top coat layer and an urethane waterproof layer in a recessed mold form, is laid all over the adhesive layer to form a waterproof layer on the floor surface.

Description

  The present invention relates to a waterproof sheet construction method and a waterproof sheet used therefor.

  When waterproofing the floor (rooftop), etc. on the top floor of a building, methods such as asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, and waterproofing of urethane coatings have been taken and have the following advantages and disadvantages.

(1) Asphalt waterproofing This method is a method of forming a waterproof layer while alternately layering two or three asphalt roofings (a material in which asphalt is infiltrated into a sheet-like base material) with heat melting. It is a construction method with a track record. Since the waterproof material is asphalt, it has high water-tightness, and there is an advantage that various specifications can be accommodated by adjusting the type of asphalt roofing and the number of stacked sheets. In addition, the accuracy varies depending on the skill level of the operator, but the accuracy can be averaged by overlapping.

  On the other hand, since this method uses asphalt, the waterproof layer is sensitive to changes in temperature, and it is easy to sag in the summer, to harden and break in the winter, and there are also disadvantages that the periphery and the like do not fit well. In addition, since high-temperature asphalt is used during construction, it is necessary to work while ensuring the safety of workers, and there is also a problem that smoke and odor adversely affect the neighborhood.

(2) Waterproofing of rubber sheet This method is a method of forming a waterproof layer by bonding together waterproof sheets made of rubber materials having a thickness of about 1 to 2 mm with an adhesive. This construction method has the advantage that the quality is stable because the waterproof sheet is molded at the factory, and when using a rubber sheet, it has excellent extensibility and follows even if the ground is cracked. I was able to.

  On the other hand, in this method, there is a disadvantage that it is easy to peel off if there is construction failure in the jointed part of the waterproof sheet, and in the case of using a rubber sheet, in addition, there are convex parts on the ground or due to sharp flying objects There were also disadvantages that were easily damaged.

(3) Urethane coating waterproofing This construction method is a construction method in which a two-component liquid material is mixed and stirred at the time of construction, applied to the base by spraying, etc., and solidified by reaction to form a waterproof layer. is there.

  Since liquid material is applied, it has the advantage of being easy to fit and easy to install even in complicated places such as narrow spaces and rooftops with many equipment foundations. There was an advantage that can be prevented.

  Moreover, since the waterproof performance can be improved by applying it repeatedly, there is an advantage that the waterproof layer can be repaired at low cost because it is only necessary to apply it at the time of repair.

  Furthermore, it is possible to meet specifications for various applications such as increasing friction resistance and impact resistance by selecting a liquid material, and for example, it can be used on a sports ground.

  On the other hand, since a liquid material is applied, it is easy to spread horizontally, and if the ground surface is uneven, it cannot be applied to a uniform thickness, and it is difficult to ensure the film thickness. In addition, since the two liquids are agitated and mixed on site, there is also a disadvantage that quality is varied such as uncured if the agitation and mixing are insufficient.

(4) Vinyl chloride sheet floor This method is a method of attaching a vinyl chloride waterproof sheet with urethane and epoxy resin adhesives for the purpose of simple waterproofing, design and slip prevention of open corridors, stairs and verandas of apartment buildings. It is.

  At that time, a waterproof sheet such as vinyl chloride is applied from the top of the groove and the rising portion where the waterproof sheet is not applied, up to a range of 10 cm of urethane waterproof material. The waterproof sheet can be applied immediately after applying the adhesive, and on the attached sheet, it is possible to walk without waiting for the adhesive to harden, so there is a period of time when it is closed even in shared areas such as open corridors and stairs. Short and there are few obstacles to the lives of residents.

  However, as with the vinyl chloride sheet waterproofing material, due to deterioration over time, the plasticizer in the sheet becomes hard due to volatilization and shrinkage occurs. As a result, the end portion floats and the joint portion seal is broken. In addition, the surface layer also fades and the design properties are reduced. For this reason, it was necessary to remove the existing waterproof sheet flooring together with the adhesive and reconstruct it.

  Even if any one of the above methods (1) to (4) is adopted, it is necessary to provide anti-scattering curing around the site, and at least a curing curing period of one day is required at each stage. In some cases, it took weeks, and the construction period was prolonged.

  Moreover, when using an anchor for the edge part process of a waterproof sheet, since the anchor which is a metal is press-fit in concrete, there also existed a possibility that a crack might arise in concrete. In addition, since the metal anchor penetrates the normal waterproof sheet made of resin, there is no followability, and there is a possibility that deformation occurs at the part where the waterproof sheet penetrates. Therefore, in any case, a long-term waterproof layer such as 20 years and 30 years could not be guaranteed. In particular, it was prominent on the vertical and inclined surfaces.

  The object of the present invention is to solve the problems of conventional construction methods using conventional asphalt waterproofing, sheet waterproofing, urethane coating waterproofing, PVC sheet flooring, etc., shortening the curing period in the field, and uniform An object of the present invention is to provide a construction method of a waterproof sheet capable of forming a waterproof layer and a waterproof sheet used therefor.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a waterproof sheet as a construction method. First, a concave mold is prepared in advance at a factory, and a release agent is first applied in the recess, and then the top in the recess. Applying a coating agent to form a topcoat layer, and then, if the topcoat layer is dry, spraying or pouring a urethane waterproofing agent onto the surface of the topcoat layer to form a urethane waterproofing layer, 2. Prepare a concave formwork in advance at the factory, and first apply a release agent in the recesses, then apply a topcoat agent in the recesses to form a topcoat layer, followed by a topcoat layer If it is dry, spray a urethane waterproofing agent on the surface of the topcoat layer to form a urethane waterproofing layer. Third, the concave mold is a frame-like shape on the upper surface (flat surface) of the plate-like base. Place the crosspieces on the And the crosspiece is formed in a rectangular or square cross-sectional shape according to the thickness of the waterproof sheet to be manufactured, and fourthly, the bottom of the recess (the upper surface of the base, the flat surface) The gist is that a concavo-convex pattern is formed in accordance with the surface of the waterproof sheet.

  The waterproof sheet is the waterproof sheet used in claim 1, and the gist is that the peripheral part of the waterproof base layer and the peripheral part of the topcoat layer are matched.

  The “floor surface” in the present invention is not limited to the roof surface, and also refers to a horizontal surface of a veranda, a horizontal surface of a walkway, or an indoor floor surface as long as the same waterproof surface is required. Further, as long as the same waterproof function is required, the present invention can be applied not only to a horizontal plane but also to an inclined plane, a vertical plane, or a stepped plane.

  Further, the “top coat layer” in the present invention is a protective layer for prolonging the waterproof performance of the waterproof layer, and has various functions such as ultraviolet ray prevention and shock absorption. In particular, when a urethane-based waterproof resin material is used, the role of the top coat layer is necessary because it is important to maintain the waterproof performance by preventing deterioration due to ultraviolet rays.

  The “adhesive layer” in the present invention is preferably a urethane-based material. The primer in the above is also preferably urethane.

  Further, the “urethane waterproof layer” includes a urea resin-based material having waterproof performance.

  In the present invention, a resin waterproof sheet is manufactured in advance in a factory or the like using a concavo-convex molding frame, and the resin waterproof sheet is laminated on the site, so that preparation for ensuring stable quality can be performed. This has the effect of significantly reducing on-site work, such as curing for preventing splashing and curing periods waiting for hardening.

  In addition, since the resin waterproof sheet can be formed with a certain thickness, according to the required waterproof performance, the optimal amount of waterproof material can be used without waste, various uneven patterns are formed on the bottom of the uneven molding frame, A waterproof sheet having various functions can also be configured.

  In addition, when forming a topcoat layer on the resin waterproof sheet, it is possible to form an arbitrary finished color pattern, an arbitrary surface pattern or some uneven pattern on the surface of the resin waterproof sheet in advance with an uneven molding frame, There is an effect that an arbitrary function and decoration can be given. Furthermore, since the high-quality urethane waterproof layer hardly changes over time, it can be applied without being removed at the time of refurbishment, and this can also prevent the generation of waste materials.

  The top coat layer 30 in the present invention is formed to prevent the urethane waterproof layer from being exposed to ultraviolet rays, or to add various colors and patterns (planar patterns, uneven patterns). Further, the high-quality urethane waterproof layer 31 is a layer having high waterproof performance that does not contain an increasing component other than the urethane waterproof resin. Further, the general urethane waterproof layer 32 is a layer for securing the thickness of the waterproof layer, although various increasing components are added to the urethane waterproof resin and the prevention performance is inferior.

  The waterproofing method of the present invention is performed as follows.

  When the waterproof sheet 10A is used to construct the rooftop floor surface 1 (FIG. 1), the primer layer 41 and the adhesive layer 43 are formed by a normal method on the surface requiring waterproofing (FIG. 2 ( a)). Subsequently, the waterproof sheets 10A and 10A are laid on the center side of the rooftop floor surface 1 (excluding the raised portions such as the drainage grooves and the parapet 3) with no gap between the adjacent waterproof sheets 10A and 10A (FIG. 2). (B), FIG. 1).

  Subsequently, urethane waterproofing agent is applied to the raised portions of drainage grooves and parapets 3 where the waterproof sheets 10A and 10A are not laid by a conventional method to form an in-situ waterproofing layer 45 (FIG. 2C). Subsequently, a top coat layer 47 is formed (FIG. 2D). This completes the waterproofing work.

  In the present invention, the waterproof sheet 10A in which the top coat layer 30 is formed in advance is used.

(1) The concave mold frame 20 for manufacturing the waterproof sheet 10A is arranged on the upper surface (flat surface) 22 of the plate-like base 21, and the crosspieces 25 and 25 are arranged in a frame shape to match the shape of the waterproof sheet 10A. A recess 23 is formed (FIG. 4A). The crosspiece 25 is formed in the rectangular or square cross-sectional shape according to the thickness of 10 A of waterproof sheets to manufacture.

(2) The bottom 24 of the recess 23 (the upper surface 22 of the base 21. Flat surface) is formed with a concavo-convex pattern in accordance with the surface 11 of the waterproof sheet 10A to be used. In this case, the concavo-convex pattern is a pattern with various conventional functions such as a pattern that can easily drain the accumulated water to the parapet 3, 3 side, a pattern that is not slippery, a pattern that can exhibit water repellency, a pattern that promotes evaporation, or simply a decoration. The pattern can be freely formed according to the purpose.

(3) Prepare the concave molds 20 and 20 having the plane L ₁ × L _{2 of} the recess 23 and the height (thickness) t of the recess 23 in advance at the factory, and _first apply a release agent in the recess 23. Thereafter, a top coat agent is applied in the recess 23 to form the top coat layer 30 (FIG. 4B).

  In this state, the surface of the top coat layer 30 (surface facing upward) is formed with a substantially uniform film thickness.

  The top coat agent used here has a main function of preventing deterioration of the urethane waterproofing agent at the time of use, for example, a material having an ultraviolet ray prevention function (for example, “Cosmic Top UV” of Uplex Co., Ltd.). use. Further, the color and the planar pattern of the top coat layer 30 can be freely formed.

  Subsequently, when the topcoat layer 30 is dried, a high-quality urethane waterproofing agent 31 is sprayed on the surface of the topcoat layer 30 to form a high-quality urethane waterproofing layer 31 (FIG. 4C). The high-quality urethane waterproofing agent to be injected is of a type in which a normal two-component base and a curing agent are collided and sprayed or poured.

  As a high-quality urethane waterproofing agent, for example, “Cosmic RIM S200” from Uplex Co., Ltd. is used. A high-quality urethane waterproofing agent has a certain degree of fluidity, and thus is cured after spraying while maintaining a flat surface.

(4) Subsequently, the mold may be removed and the filling of the recess 23 (laminated body of the top coat layer 30 and the high-quality urethane waterproof layer 31) may be turned upside down.

  In the above description, the crosspiece 25 having a square or rectangular cross section is used. However, an inner side surface 25a of the crosspiece 25 is formed so that an opening spreads from the bottom 24 around the recess 23 using a crosspiece formed in a trapezoidal shape or the like. It is also possible to form an inclined surface (see FIG. 4A). Similarly, reverse slopes are possible.

  In the above, the top coat layer 30 located on the surface 11 (uppermost surface) is formed during use (FIG. 4), but the high-quality urethane waterproof layer 31 and the top coat layer 30 are formed in order from the bottom 24 in the recess 23. It is also possible to delaminate by stacking (not shown). In this case, when various uneven patterns are formed on the top coat layer 30, the pattern can also be formed on the surface of the top coat layer 30 that has not yet hardened by rolling or the like.

  In addition, in the above, the fixed concave mold frame 20 may have a structure in which one concave portion 23 is formed (FIG. 2 (a)), or a plurality of (two, four, twelve, etc.) concave portions. It is also possible to adopt a structure in which 23 and 23 are formed (not shown).

In addition, in the above, the waterproof sheet 10 has a rectangular shape with one side L ₁ × L ₂ (for example, L ₁ = 1 m, L ₂ = 2 m). Is optional (not shown).

  An example of horizontal joining will be described. As shown in FIG. 4, the waterproof sheets 10 </ b> A and 10 </ b> A are abutted against the end surfaces 10 a and 10 a and are pasted on the floor surface 1. The two waterproof sheets 10A and 10A that have been bonded together straddle the end surfaces 10a and 10a, and a lower reinforcing material 69 made of vinylon mesh or the like is bonded from the back surface side, and an upper reinforcing material 68 made of epoxy ribbon or the like is bonded from the front surface side (FIG. )).

  At this time, one of the lower reinforcing material 69 or the upper reinforcing material 68 can be omitted.

  An example of joining in the vertical direction will be described. When joining the floor surface (horizontal plane) 1 and the corner of the vertical surface 8 (3c) such as a parapet or wall, the waterproof sheet 10A applied horizontally to the surface of the waterproof sheet 10A applied vertically to the vertical surface 8 is provided. The end face 10a is abutted (FIG. 4B). If necessary, an epoxy resin or the like can be applied to the joined corner 70 (not shown).

  Further, another example of joining in the horizontal direction will be described. As shown in FIG. 4A, when the waterproof sheets 10A and 10A are brought into contact with each other, the end edges 32a and 32a of the rough urethane layer 32 come into contact with each other with the waterproof sheets 10A and 10A. In the layer 30, the waterproof sheets 10A and 10A are formed so as to generate a gap 71 between the edge 31a and the edge 31a and between the edge 30a and the edge 30a (FIG. 4D). In this state, the two waterproof sheets 10A and 10A are attached to the floor surface 1, the gap 71 is filled with an adhesive such as an epoxy resin, and the top coat layer is processed if necessary (not shown). Is optional.

FIG. 1 is a plan view of a roof. FIGS. 2A to 2D are AA enlarged cross-sectional views of FIG. 1 for explaining a construction method applied to a roof in the embodiment of the present invention. 3 (a) to 3 (e) are longitudinal sectional views showing the manufacturing process of the waterproof sheet used for carrying out the present invention. FIGS. 4A to 4E are longitudinal sectional views for explaining joining of waterproof sheets.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rooftop surface 2 Penthouse 3 Parapet 4 Veranda floor surface 5 Allocation line 8 Vertical surface 9 Horizontal surface 10 Waterproof sheet 10A Waterproof sheet (with top coat layer)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 Recessed formwork 21 Recessed formwork base 22 Base upper surface 23 Recessed formwork recessed part 24 Recessed bottom 25 Crosspiece 25a Inner side face 30 Crosspiece topcoat layer 30a Topcoat layer edge 31 Waterproof sheet High-quality urethane waterproof layer (first waterproof layer)
31a Edge of high quality urethane waterproof layer 32 Urethane waterproof layer for general use of waterproof sheet (second waterproof layer)
32a Edge of general-purpose urethane waterproof layer 41 Primer layer 43 Adhesive layer 45 On-site waterproof layer 47 Top coat layer 68 Upper reinforcement 69 Lower reinforcement 70 Corner 71 Crevice

Claims (5)

  A primer is applied to the floor surface of the construction site, and then an adhesive layer is formed. Subsequently, a waterproof sheet made of a top coat layer and a urethane waterproof layer is formed on the adhesive layer in advance at a factory or the like. A method of constructing a waterproof sheet, wherein a waterproof layer is formed on the floor surface by spreading a molded waterproof sheet.   Prepare a concave mold in advance at the factory, first apply a release agent in the recesses, then apply a topcoat agent in the recesses to form a topcoat layer, and then dry the topcoat layer 2. The waterproof sheet construction method according to claim 1, wherein a urethane waterproof layer is formed by spraying or pouring a urethane waterproof agent on the surface of the top coat layer.   The concave mold is the upper surface (flat surface) of the plate-like base, and the crosspiece is arranged in a frame shape to form a concave portion that matches the shape of the waterproof sheet. The crosspiece is the thickness of the waterproof sheet to be manufactured. The construction method of the waterproof sheet of Claim 1 or Claim 2 currently formed in the rectangular or square cross-sectional shape according to.   The construction method of the waterproof sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the bottom of the concave portion (the upper surface of the base portion: a flat surface) is formed with an uneven pattern in accordance with the surface of the waterproof sheet.   It is a waterproof sheet used for Claim 1, Comprising: The peripheral part of the said waterproof base layer and the peripheral part of the topcoat layer were made to correspond, The waterproof sheet characterized by the above-mentioned.

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