JP2014023988A - Paper diaper processor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a paper diaper processor capable of stably continuing fermentation processing of a used paper diaper.SOLUTION: A paper diaper processor comprises: a biaxial crusher 100 which crushes a used paper diaper A; and a fermentation processing machine 200 which mixes the used paper diaper crushed by the biaxial crusher with a culture medium M to be stirred, and performs fermentation processing to an organic material contained in the used paper diaper. The biaxial crusher 100 comprises: a crush chamber; and an insertion hopper which inserts the used paper diaper into the crush chamber from an insertion port at the bottom end, a first crush axis having a plurality of first crush blades at predetermined intervals at the circumference and a second crush axis having second crush blades at predetermined intervals at the circumference are arranged in parallel with each other in the crush chamber, rotational speed of the first crush axis is slower than rotational speed of the second crush axis, and the insertion port of the insertion hopper is located at an upper part on the side of the first crush axis than a crush part 17 where the first crush blades engage into the second crush blades.

Description

  The present invention relates to a paper diaper processing apparatus for processing used paper diapers. In the present specification, a used paper diaper is also simply referred to as a paper diaper.

Used paper diapers are conventionally incinerated. However, since used paper diapers contain moisture such as human waste, they cannot be burned unless the combustion temperature is raised, increasing the processing cost and incineration. An increase in the amount of CO ₂ emissions that sometimes occurs is a problem.

  Therefore, a method for fermenting used paper diapers as organic waste and composting them has been studied. Conventionally, as an apparatus for fermenting and composting organic waste, a processing tank capable of storing organic waste together with a culture medium, a stirring cylinder with a through hole standing in the processing tank, and a stirring cylinder 2. Description of the Related Art A waste disposal apparatus that includes a stirring screw that is rotatably supported and a drive mechanism that rotates the stirring screw is known (for example, Patent Documents 1 to 3). In this waste treatment apparatus, by rotating the stirring screw, the organic waste introduced into the treatment tank is introduced into the stirring cylinder and raised in the stirring cylinder, and the waste processing apparatus is moved from the through hole or the upper notch portion of the stirring cylinder. While repeating the operation of extruding and dropping into the treatment tank, continuous pulverization of organic waste, mixing and stirring with a culture medium, and fermentation treatment are performed.

  However, when the present inventors performed processing of used paper diapers using this waste processing apparatus, the paper diaper became entangled with a rotating material such as a stirring screw, and the processing could not be continued.

JP 2006-159138 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8830 JP 2008-246352 A

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a paper diaper processing apparatus capable of stably continuing the fermentation process of used paper diapers.

  The paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention includes a biaxial crusher that crushes used paper diapers, and the used paper diaper crushed by the biaxial crusher is mixed and stirred with a culture medium, and is included in the used paper diaper. A paper diaper processing apparatus comprising a fermenter for fermenting organic matter, wherein the biaxial crusher includes a crushing chamber and a charging hopper for charging a used paper diaper into the crushing chamber from a charging port at a lower end. In the crushing chamber, a first crushing shaft having a plurality of first crushing blades at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery and a second crushing shaft having a second crushing blade at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery are arranged in parallel to each other. The first crushing shaft and the second crushing shaft rotate in directions opposite to each other, and the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft is slower than the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft. The first crushing blade and the second crushing blade Than crushing part which bets are engaged, it is characterized in that located above the first crushing shaft side.

  As described above, the paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention is equipped with the biaxial crusher, so that the fermentation process can be performed after the used paper diaper is crushed to a predetermined size or less, so that the fermentation process of the used paper diaper is stable. And continue. Moreover, in a biaxial crusher, a used paper diaper is thrown in from the insertion port located above the 1st crushing shaft side with a slow rotation speed, and the said paper diaper is rotated by the 1st crushing shaft (1st crushing blade). Is conveyed to a crushing portion where the first crushing blade and the second crushing blade are engaged with each other. Then, in the crushing section, the paper diaper is torn off by a second crushing blade of a second crushing shaft that rotates at a higher speed than the first crushing shaft, and crushed (sheared) to a predetermined size or less. Thus, by crushing (shearing) the paper diaper using the difference in rotational speed in the crushing part, it is possible to prevent the paper diaper from being compressed and solidified in the crushing part, and stably crushing (shearing) the paper diaper. Can continue.

  In the paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention, the first crushing blade and the second crushing blade can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line of the crushing portion. By adopting such a configuration, the members are compatible and the apparatus is inexpensive.

  The ratio of the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft and the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft is 1: 2 to 1: 5, that is, the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft is the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft. It is preferable to make it 2 times or more and 5 times or less. When the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft is less than twice the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft, the paper diaper is easily compressed and solidified in the crushing part. Further, if the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft is more than 5 times the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft, the speed reduction mechanism becomes complicated or another drive mechanism is required, and the apparatus becomes expensive.

  Furthermore, in the paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention, the fermentation processing machine is disposed below the biaxial crusher, and the fermenting machine receives a used paper diaper after being crushed, the biaxial crusher. It is preferable to be located below the crushing part. By setting it as such a structure, since the crushing process and fermentation process of a paper diaper can be performed as a series of processes, while the processing efficiency of a paper diaper improves, the installation space of an apparatus can be made small.

  The paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention may further include an ozone generator, and may have an ozone supply path for supplying ozone generated by the ozone generator into the charging hopper. With such a configuration, the inside of the charging hopper can be deodorized with ozone, and the odor derived from the used paper diaper can be prevented from being diffused to the outside air when the lid of the charging hopper is opened.

  According to the paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention, the fermentation process of used paper diapers can be stably continued. Accordingly, the used paper diaper can be composted by fermentation treatment without being incinerated, so that the used paper diaper can be effectively used and the burden on the environment can be reduced.

It is a side view which shows one Example of the paper diaper processing apparatus of this invention. It is a front view of the paper diaper processing apparatus of FIG. It is a side view which shows the structure of the biaxial crusher in the paper diaper processing apparatus of FIG. It is a front view of the biaxial crusher of FIG. It is a front expanded view of the biaxial crusher of FIG. It is a figure which shows the shape of the 1st crushing blade and 2nd crushing blade which are used with the biaxial crusher of FIG. It is a side view which shows the structure of the fermentation processing machine in the paper diaper processing apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the structure of the stirring cylinder used with the fermenter of FIG. 7, (a) is a side view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is an expanded view. It is a figure which shows the structure of the stirring screw used with the fermenter of FIG. 7, (a) is a side view, (b) is a top view.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described based on examples shown in the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing an embodiment of the disposable diaper processing apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view thereof. The paper diaper processing apparatus of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 is disposed under the biaxial crusher 100 that crushes used paper diaper A, and is crushed by the biaxial crusher 100. And a fermentation processing machine 200 that performs mixing and stirring of the used paper diaper with the culture medium M to ferment the organic matter contained in the used paper diaper.

  First, the configuration of the biaxial crusher 100 will be described. 3 is a side view showing the configuration of the biaxial crusher 100, FIG. 4 is a front view thereof, and FIG. 5 is a front development view thereof. The biaxial crusher 100 includes a crushing chamber 10 and a loading popper 20 for loading the used paper diaper A into the crushing chamber 10.

  In the crushing chamber 10, a first crushing shaft 11 and a second crushing shaft 12 are arranged in parallel to each other. The first crushing shaft 11 has a plurality of first crushing blades 11a on the outer periphery at equal intervals along the axial direction, and the second crushing shaft 12 has a plurality of first crushing shafts 12 on the outer periphery at equal intervals along the axial direction. It has 2 crushing blades 12a.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, collars 13 are inserted between the plurality of first crushing blades 11 a and between the plurality of second crushing blades 12 a, respectively, and a guide plate 14 is disposed on the outer periphery of the collar 13. It is installed. The collar 13 secures and maintains the interval between the plurality of first crushing blades 11a and the interval between the plurality of second crushing blades 12a. The guide plate 14 has a thickness slightly smaller than the thickness of the collar 13 and prevents the crushed paper diaper from being wound around the crushing shaft between the crushing blades, thereby facilitating the discharge to the discharge port 18. The guide plate 14 is supported by a guide plate support bar 14a.

  FIG. 6 shows the shapes of the first crushing blade 11a and the second crushing blade 12a. The first crushing blade 11a and the second crushing blade 12a have the same shape, and have a plurality of blades 11a-1 (12a-1) at equal intervals in the circumferential direction (22 in the embodiment), and in the center portion. It has a mounting hole 11a-2 (12a-2) for mounting to the first crushing shaft 11 (second crushing shaft 12). The first crushing shaft 11 (second crushing shaft 12) is a shaft having a rectangular outer shape, and the first crushing shaft 11 (second crushing shaft 12) is attached to the mounting hole for the first crushing blade 11a (second crushing blade 12a). By inserting into 11a-2 (12a-2), several 1st crushing blade 11a (2nd crushing blade 12a) is equidistant along the axial direction of the 1st crushing shaft 11 (2nd crushing shaft 12). Wear multiple.

  The 1st crushing shaft 11 and the 2nd crushing shaft 12 rotate by the rotational drive of the motor 15 shown in FIG. The first crushing shaft 11 and the second crushing shaft 12 are opposite to each other by the combination of gears interposed between the first crushing shaft 11 and the second crushing shaft 12 and the rotation shaft of the motor 15 and the setting of the gear ratio. The rotation speed of the first crushing shaft 11 is set to be slower than the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft 12.

  In the present embodiment, the rotation of the second crushing shaft 12 is reduced to 1/2 by the gear ratio between the gear 16a directly connected to the rotation shaft of the motor 15 and the gear 16b directly connected to the second crushing shaft 12. The rotation of the first crushing shaft 11 is reduced to 1/3 by the gear ratio of the gear 16c directly connected to the second crushing shaft 12 and the gear 16d directly connected to the first crushing shaft 11. That is, the ratio of the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft 11 and the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft 12 is 1: 3. In other words, the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft 11 is 1/3 of the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft 12. Is double. In addition, the ratio (1: 3) of the rotation speed of the 1st crushing shaft 11 and the rotation speed of the 2nd crushing shaft 12 in a present Example is an Example to the last, and is not limited to this.

  The first crushing blade 11a is rotated by the rotation of the first crushing shaft 11, the second crushing blade 12a is rotated by the rotation of the second crushing shaft 12, and the opposed first crushing blade 11a and the second crushing blade 12a are engaged with each other. The position is the crushing portion 17 (see FIG. 3). That is, the plurality of first crushing blades 11 a and second crushing blades 12 a are arranged so as to alternately mesh (overlap) along the axial direction of the first crushing shaft 11 and the second crushing shaft 12. In this embodiment, the engagement margin (overlap margin) of the first crushing blade 11a and the second crushing blade 12a is set to 20 mm.

  In the present embodiment, the plurality of first crushing blades 11 a and the second crushing blades 12 a are arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line 17 a (see FIG. 3) of the crushing portion 17. That is, the arrangement and shape of the plurality of first crushing blades 11 a and the second crushing blades 12 a are axisymmetric with respect to the center line 17 a of the crushing portion 17. Below the crushing portion 17, a discharge port 18 for discharging the crushed paper diaper is provided. The discharge port 18 is directly connected to a receiving port of a fermentation processing machine described later.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the charging hopper 20 has a receiving port 21 for receiving a used paper diaper and a lid 22 for opening and closing the receiving port 21 at the upper end, and the used paper diaper is loaded into the crushing chamber 10. The insertion port 23 is provided at the lower end. As shown in FIG. 3, the insertion port 22 is positioned above the first crushing shaft 11 side from the position of the center line 17 a of the crushing portion 17 where the first crushing blade 11 a and the second crushing blade 12 a mesh. Are arranged as follows. That is, the used paper diaper is thrown into the 1st crushing shaft 11 side rather than the position of the center line 17a of the crushing part 17. FIG.

  Next, the configuration of the fermentation processor 200 will be described. FIG. 7 is a side view showing the configuration of the fermentation processor 200.

  The fermenter 200 is a mixture of the used paper diaper crushed by the above-described biaxial crusher 100 with the medium M, and fermenting and composting organic matter contained in the used paper diaper. A treatment tank 30 capable of accommodating a paper diaper together with the culture medium M, a stirring cylinder 40 standing in the treatment tank 30, a stirring screw 50 rotatably supported in the stirring cylinder 40, and a drive for rotating the stirring screw Mechanism 60.

  The processing tank 30 has a cylindrical shape, and has a receiving port 31 for receiving a used paper diaper crushed by the biaxial crusher 100 described above at the upper end thereof. As shown in FIG. 1, the receiving port 31 is located directly below the crushing portion 17 of the biaxial crusher 200. Specifically, the receiving port 31 is directly connected to the discharge port 18 of the biaxial crusher 100 shown in FIG.

  Further, an intake / exhaust cylinder 32 is provided at the upper end of the treatment tank 30 in order to discharge water vapor or the like generated during the fermentation process or take in outside air as necessary. Furthermore, at the lower part of the treatment tank 30, an outlet 33 for taking out the processed material (medium M and paper diaper) after the fermentation treatment is formed. The outlet 33 is opened and closed by a closing plate 34 that moves horizontally by a trapezoidal screw mechanism. The processed material after the fermentation process taken out from the outlet 33 is discharged from the outlet 35.

  8A and 8B are diagrams showing the configuration of the stirring cylinder 40, where FIG. 8A is a side view, FIG. 8B is a bottom view, and FIG. 8C is a development view.

  Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the stirring tube 40 is fixed by attaching three fixing members 41 arranged radially on the outer periphery of the upper end to the fixing members 36 arranged on the ceiling portion of the treatment tank 30. Yes. The lower end opening 42 of the stirring cylinder 40 is disposed at a position away from the bottom surface of the processing tank 30, and a cutting blade 43 is formed at the lower end of the stirring cylinder 40 that defines the lower end opening 42. A plurality of through-holes 44 are provided in the peripheral wall of the stirring cylinder 40, and through-hole-shaped notches 45 are provided at two or three places at equal intervals along the circumferential direction at the upper end of the stirring cylinder 40.

  A skirt-shaped guide member 46 is attached to the lower part of the stirring tube 40. The guide member 46 is attached so as to cover a region of about 1/3 in the circumferential direction of the stirring cylinder 40, and the lower end thereof is positioned below the lower end of the stirring cylinder 40. However, a gap is provided between the lower end of the guide member 46 and the bottom surface of the processing tank 30 so that a turning member 55 and an auxiliary turning member 56 described later can pass through. An auxiliary cutting blade 47 is attached to the lower part of the stirring tube 40 located inside the guide member 46.

  9A and 9B are diagrams showing the configuration of the stirring screw 50, where FIG. 9A is a side view and FIG. 9B is a plan view.

  Referring to FIGS. 7 and 9, the stirring screw 50 includes a main shaft 51 and a spiral stirring member 52 that are rotatably supported in the stirring tube 40. The main shaft 51 rotates by driving of a drive mechanism 60 made of a motor. The stirring member 52 has a lower end that spirally expands in diameter, and a cutting blade 52a (see FIG. 9B) is formed on the periphery of the lower end.

  A disc-shaped stopper 53 is provided at the upper end of the stirring member 52 of the stirring screw 50. The stopper 53 prevents the processed material (medium and disposable diapers) from rising.

  A disc-shaped support plate 54 is fixed near the lower end of the main shaft 51 of the stirring screw 50, and a turning member 55 and an auxiliary turning member 56 are extended on the upper surface of the support plate 54 toward the side wall side of the processing bath 30. It is fixed. The turning member 55 and the auxiliary turning member 56 are provided with inclined surfaces 55 a and 56 a that are wedge-shaped toward the rotation direction R of the stirring screw 50. Further, a guide member 57 having an upward inclined surface toward the main shaft 51 side of the stirring screw 50 is provided on the rear surface in the rotational direction of the turning member 55. The guide member 57 guides the processed material (medium and paper diaper) to the main shaft 51 side of the stirring screw 50, that is, the center side of the stirring tube 40.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the paper diaper processing apparatus according to the present embodiment further includes an ozone generator 300, and the ozone generated by the ozone generator 300 can be supplied into the charging hopper via the ozone supply path 301.

  The operation of the disposable diaper processing apparatus of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described below.

  In using the paper diaper processing apparatus, an appropriate amount of the medium M in which the fermenting microorganisms are seeded is previously stored in the processing tank 30 of the fermentation processing machine 200. In this state, the lid 22 of the charging popper 20 of the biaxial crusher 100 is opened, and the used paper diaper A is placed in the charging hopper 20. This work can be performed by the worker ascending to the upper part of the disposable diaper processing apparatus using the staircase 300 shown in FIGS.

  The used paper diaper placed in the input hopper 20 is input into the crushing chamber 10 of the biaxial crusher 100 from the input port 23 at the lower end of the input popper 20. As described above with reference to FIG. 3, the insertion port 23 is disposed so as to be positioned above the first crushing shaft 11 side having a lower rotational speed than the position of the center line 17 a of the crushing portion 17. The used paper diaper is thrown into the 1st crushing shaft 11 side rather than the position of the center line 17a of the crushing part 17. FIG.

  The disposable diaper thrown in the 1st crushing shaft 11 side is conveyed to the crushing part 17 which the 1st crushing blade 11a and the 2nd crushing blade 12a mesh with rotation of the 1st crushing shaft 11 (1st crushing blade 11a). In the crushing unit 17, the paper diaper is crushed (sheared) to a predetermined size or less by being torn off by the second crushing blade 12 a of the second crushing shaft 12 rotating at a higher speed than the first crushing shaft 11. In this way, by crushing (shearing) the paper diaper using the difference in rotational speed in the crushing unit 17, it is possible to prevent the paper diaper from being compressed and solidified by the crushing unit 17, and to stably crush (shear) the paper diaper. And continue. The crushed paper diaper is discharged from the discharge port 18 below the crushing unit 17 and is directly fed into the treatment tank 30 from the receiving port 31 of the fermentation treatment machine 200.

  In the treatment tank 30, the stirring member 52 rotates together with the main shaft 51 of the stirring screw 50 in the stirring cylinder 40 and the guide member 46, and the turning member 55 and the auxiliary turning member 56 turn in the region directly above the bottom surface of the processing tank 30. Yes. Therefore, the disposable diaper thrown into the treatment tank 30 is mixed and stirred with the culture medium M by the rotation of the turning member 55, the auxiliary turning member 56 and the stirring screw 50, and is stirred via the skirt-shaped guide member 46 and the guide member 57. It is introduced into the stirring cylinder 40 from the lower end opening 42 of the cylinder 40. At this time, the lump-like processed material (paper diaper and culture medium) is cut fine by the cutting blade 43 and the auxiliary cutting blade 47 formed at the lower end of the stirring tube 40.

  The processed material introduced from the lower end opening 42 of the stirring tube 40 is raised in the stirring tube 40 by the rotation of the stirring screw 50 and is pushed out from the plurality of through holes 44 provided in the peripheral wall of the stirring tube 40. At this time, the massive processed material is sandwiched between the inner peripheral portion of the through hole 44 and the outer peripheral portion of the stirring member 52 of the stirring screw 50, and is discharged from the through hole 44 while being cut by the shearing action. Drops towards the bottom of 30. In addition, the relatively fine processed product that has risen to the vicinity of the upper end of the stirring member 52 in the stirring cylinder 40 bounces back against the stopper 53, is guided in the outer peripheral direction by the rotation of the stirring member 52, and is the uppermost through hole 44. And is discharged from a notch 45 provided at the upper end of the stirring tube 40 and falls toward the bottom of the treatment tank 30.

  If such an operating state is maintained, the paper diaper thrown into the treatment tank 30 repeats introduction, ascent, cutting, discharging, and dropping into the stirring cylinder 40 by the rotation of the stirring screw 50, and thus the passage of time. At the same time, uniform mixing and agitation with the culture medium and fermentation treatment proceed, and finally composting.

  The composted paper diaper is taken out from the outlet 33 together with the culture medium, and is discharged from the outlet 35. Since the processed material (composted paper diaper and medium) discharged from the discharge port 35 includes foreign matter fragments such as plastic films that are not fermented, when used as compost, the foreign matter fragments are screened out. remove. Removed foreign debris can be incinerated.

  By repeating the above-described series of operations, the used paper diapers are fermented in batches by a predetermined amount. In addition, in the second and subsequent fermentation processes, when the lid 22 of the input popper 20 is opened, the ozone generator 300 is activated in advance in order to prevent the odor derived from the used paper diaper from being emitted to the outside air. Then, ozone is supplied into the charging popper 20 to perform deodorization treatment.

  As described above, in the present invention, since the fermentation process is performed after the used paper diaper is crushed to a predetermined size or less by the biaxial crusher 100, the fermentation process of the used paper diaper can be stably continued.

10 crushing chamber 11 first crushing shaft 11a first crushing blade 11a-1 blade 11a-2 mounting hole 12 second crushing shaft 12a second crushing blade 12a-1 blade 12a-2 mounting hole 13 collar 14 guide plate 14a guide plate support Rod 15 Motor 16a to 16d Gear 17 Crushing section 17a Center line of crushing section 18 Discharge port 20 Loading popper 21 Receiving port 22 Lid 23 Loading port 30 Processing tank 31 Receiving port 32 Intake / exhaust cylinder 33 Outlet 34 Closing plate 35 Discharge port 36 Fixed Member 40 Stirring cylinder 41 Fixed member 42 Lower end opening 43 Cutting blade 44 Through hole 45 Notch 46 Guide member 47 Auxiliary cutting blade 50 Stirring screw 51 Main shaft 52 Stirring member 52a Cutting blade 53 Stopper 54 Support plate 55 Turning member 55a Inclined surface 56 Auxiliary turning member 56a Inclined surface 57 Guide member 100 Biaxial crusher 20 Diapers M medium fermented processor 300 ozone generator 301 ozone supply passage 400 stairs A spent

Claims (5)

A biaxial crusher that crushes used paper diapers, and a fermenter that ferments and treats organic matter contained in the used paper diapers by mixing and stirring the used paper diapers crushed by the biaxial crusher with a medium. A disposable diaper processing apparatus comprising:
The biaxial crusher includes a crushing chamber, and a charging hopper for charging a used paper diaper into the crushing chamber from a charging port at a lower end.
In the crushing chamber, a first crushing shaft having a plurality of first crushing blades at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery and a second crushing shaft having a second crushing blade at a predetermined interval on the outer periphery are arranged in parallel to each other,
The first crushing shaft and the second crushing shaft rotate in opposite directions, and the rotation speed of the first crushing shaft is slower than the rotation speed of the second crushing shaft,
The input port of the input hopper is a disposable diaper processing apparatus positioned above the first crushing shaft side with respect to a crushing portion where the first crushing blade and the second crushing blade are engaged with each other.   The disposable diaper processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first crushing blade and the second crushing blade are arranged symmetrically with respect to a center line of the crushing portion.   The paper diaper processing apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a ratio between a rotation speed of the first crushing shaft and a rotation speed of the second crushing shaft is 1: 2 to 1: 5.   The fermenter is disposed below the biaxial crusher, and a receiving port for receiving the used paper diaper after crushing is located below the crushing part of the biaxial crusher. The paper diaper processing apparatus in any one of 1-3.   The paper diaper processing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising an ozone generator, and having an ozone supply path for supplying ozone generated by the ozone generator into the charging hopper.

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