JP2010221099A - Fermentation apparatus and system for producing organic fermented fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fermentation apparatus in which the fermentation efficiency when chaff is fermented/agitated is improved and power saving is attained and to provide a system for producing organic fermented fertilizer. <P>SOLUTION: The fermentation apparatus 100 is provided with: an agitating/mixing means 20 for agitating/mixing a liquid enzyme B with the plant to be treated such as chaff A by a plurality of agitation plates 21 in a cylinder 11 to rotate a mixture of the liquid enzyme with the plant to be treated around the horizontal axial center O so that the plant to be treated such as chaff A is fermented; a charging part 30 of the plant A1 to be treated and a discharging part 40 which are arranged additionally on the outer wall surface 11A of the cylinder of the agitating/mixing means; a rotatably supporting means 50 for rotatably supporting the outer wall surface of the cylinder of the agitating/mixing means; and a rotary driving means 60 for rotating the outer wall surface of the cylinder of the agitating/mixing means on its own axis. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2011,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a fermentation apparatus that mainly ferments rice husks that are discarded, and a manufacturing system that produces organic feed from the fermented rice husks, and in particular, to those that achieve fermentation efficiency and power saving during stirring for fermenting rice husks. .

  In recent years, the effective use of resources has been sought, even in plants that are disposed of, they can be buried in the ground and returned to the soil, or fermented and composted to contribute to the growth of new plants. A recycling-type disposal method that naturally reduces is taken. Among organic fermented fertilizers that use plants as raw materials, organic fermented fertilizers obtained by fermenting rice husks contain a large amount of the three elements of fertilizers, nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium. However, rice husks, which are disposed of in large quantities of 700,000 tons per year, are coated with waxy substances, and thus repel water, so that even if they are buried in the ground, they are decomposed in the soil. It took 7 to 8 years, and it took a considerable amount of time for the fermentation bacteria to work inside the rice husks even in the mechanical fermentation treatment. Therefore, shortening of the fermentation period of rice husk is mainly desired.

In order to solve this problem, the present applicant has provided a fermentation apparatus and an organic fertilizer production system for producing organic fertilizer as shown in Patent Document 1 below. The production system for producing fermented organic fertilizer by mixing the plant to be treated such as rice husk, straw, wood and bamboo chips with the enzyme solution in the mixer and fermenting it, and further fermenting with the fermenter in the fermenter A stirring and mixing means for rotating and mixing the plant to be treated mixed with the enzyme solution in the horizontal direction; a screw plate for rotating and conveying the plant to be treated mixed with the enzyme solution in the vertical direction while stirring and mixing; A fermenter including a diffusing unit for diffusing and dropping a plant, a stirring and mixing unit, and a drive mechanism for rotationally driving a screw plate is provided.
And this drive mechanism drives the rotation direction of the stirring and mixing means and the rotation direction of the screw plate in a reverse direction with one motor, and the plant to be treated rotates in the opposite direction, stirring and mixing by the stirring and mixing means. It is configured to be fermented while circulating the upward movement while being stirred and mixed by the screw plate, and falling from the diffusion means.

JP 2008-36546 A

  The fermenting apparatus and the organic fertilizer production system for producing organic fertilizers usually require a short period of several hours to ferment plants such as rice husks, straws, discarded trees, and bamboos that require 3 to 8 years. Can be achieved. By adopting a configuration in which two motors are driven by one motor, the number of components can be reduced, and space saving can be achieved. Furthermore, in the organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system, the organic fermented fertilizer can be achieved in a short period of about one month from plants such as rice husk, straw, discarded wood, and bamboo. It was developed aiming at the effect.

  However, as shown in FIG. 9, in a fermenter (fermentation apparatus) 50, rice husks and the like mixed with the enzyme solution are rotated and conveyed in the vertical direction while stirring and mixing them. The screw plate 53 is collected and accumulated at the center of rotation. As a result, the rotation resistance of the screw plate 53 for raising rice husks and others A is large, so a large motor is required. Energy in the production system of rice husk fermenter and organic fertilizer fertilizer, such as reduction of processing capacity due to insufficient stirring, extension of processing time, etc. Loss and low productivity are problems.

  The present invention has been made based on such points, and its object is to provide a rice husk fermentation apparatus and an organic fermented fertilizer production system that improve fermentation efficiency and power saving at the time of stirring to ferment rice husk. There is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, a fermentation apparatus according to claim 1 of the present invention is a fermentation apparatus in which a plant to be treated such as rice husk is mixed and stirred with an enzyme solution and fermented. Stirring and mixing means for rotating and stirring and mixing the plant to be treated, the enzyme solution and air with a plurality of stirring plates in the cylinder, and an input portion of the plant to be processed attached to the outer wall surface of the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means And a discharge part, a rotation support means for rotatably supporting the outer wall surface of the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means, and a rotation driving means for rotating the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means,
The rotation driving means rotationally drives the stirring and mixing means with a horizontal axis, and the plant to be treated is transported upward by a plurality of stirring plates in the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means, and before and after the apex. It is configured to be fermented by being circulated while being agitated and mixed with a plant to be treated that is dropped onto the bottom of the cylinder and deposited on the bottom of the cylinder.

  Further, the fermentation apparatus according to claim 2 is the fermentation apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the angle of the tip direction which is the rotation center side of the stirring plate with respect to the tangential direction of the cylinder is set to 70 ° in the rotation direction of the cylinder. The inclination is set within a range of ˜75 °.

  The organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system according to claim 3 is a manufacturing system for producing an organic fermented fertilizer by mixing and stirring a plant to be treated such as rice husk with an enzyme liquid in a fermenter to produce an organic fermented fertilizer. A stirring and mixing means for rotating the plant to be treated mixed with a horizontal axis and stirring and mixing the plant to be treated, the enzyme solution and air with a plurality of stirring plates in the cylinder, and a cylinder of the stirring and mixing means An input part and a discharge part of the plant to be treated attached to the external wall surface, a rotation support means for rotatably supporting the cylindrical outer wall surface of the stirring and mixing means, a rotation driving means for rotating the cylindrical body of the stirring and mixing means, The rotation driving means rotationally drives the stirring and mixing means with a horizontal axis, and the plant to be treated is transported upward by a plurality of stirring plates in a cylinder of the stirring and mixing means, near It is dropped into the cylindrical body bottom portion before and after, and is characterized in that it has configured to be treated plants and fermentation circulated while being agitated mixing process for depositing the tube body bottom.

  The following actions are obtained by the above means. First, when a plant to be treated such as rice husks is mixed and stirred with an enzyme solution in a fermentation apparatus, air is uniformly supplied to the inside of the plant to be treated during mixing and stirring so that the fermentation operation is efficiently performed, and the stirring operation is also omitted. It is carried out with the aim of power generation.

  Moreover, according to the organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system, treated plants such as rice husks are fermented by mixing and stirring with an enzyme solution in a fermentation apparatus, and further fermented by stirring and fermenting in a fermenter so that the organic fermented fertilizer is fermented efficiently and saves power. Manufactured.

  According to the fermentation apparatus of the present invention, rice husks and the like mixed with the enzyme solution are stirred and raised by a plurality of stirring blades in a rotating cylinder supported by a horizontal rotating shaft, and then efficiently dropped while falling down by the inclination of the stirring blades. Because it is mixed, it becomes light load and small motor can save power (3.75KW → 0.75KW), high efficiency (200Kg / 12 hours to 15 hours → 2,000Kg / 7 hours to 8 hours) Can be improved).

  Further, according to the organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system using the fermenter, the “biodegraded rice husk fermented fertilizer” can be produced within 15 days. This can process 2 million to 3 million tons of rice husk annually.

1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention and is a front view of a fermentation apparatus and a system for producing organic fertilizer. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention and is a left side view of a fermentation apparatus. FIG. It is sectional drawing of the stirring cylinder of a fermenter which shows the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the stirring cylinder of a fermentation apparatus, showing the first embodiment of the present invention. 1 shows the first embodiment of the present invention and is an operation diagram of a fermentation production system. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention and is a process diagram of a fermentation production system. FIG. FIG. 2 is a photographic diagram showing rice husk and fermentation decomposition according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a photograph of a rice husk decomposition product using an electron microscope according to the first embodiment of the present invention. It is action | operation sectional drawing by the screw cylinder of the fermentation apparatus of a prior art example.

  Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the form of the fermenter (fermentation apparatus) of this invention and an organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system is demonstrated. The material of the embodiment of the present invention is rice husk that requires the longest time for fermentation.

First, an organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system 200 using the fermentation apparatus 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
(1) The rice husk A packed in the soaking pad 1 for storing the enzyme solution B is soaked overnight. At this time, the enzyme solution B is circulated or stirred.
(2) Pull up the bag from the enzyme water, drain it, and add to the mixer 2 together with rice husk A and enzyme (enzyme mainly composed of yeast), and mix with stirring for about 10 minutes. In addition, the purified water before sterilization with chlorine purified at the collection sewage treatment plant may be used as the fermentation liquid. In this case, the untreated rice husk / fermented liquid (purified water that acts as a degrading enzyme) is used in the mixer. And enzyme (enzyme mainly composed of yeast) are added and stirred and mixed for about 10 minutes.
(3) The mixed rice husk-enzyme (enzyme-based enzyme) mixture A taken out from the mixer 2 is transferred to a primary fermentor (not shown) and left open for about 1 week. During this time, mixture A promotes fermentation. This is called primary fermentation.
The rice husk A1 after the primary fermentation is in a state where it can be crushed by crushing with a finger or the like.
(4) The rice husk A1 after the primary fermentation is stirred with a stirrer (not shown).
(5) The stirrer of rice husk A1 taken out from the stirrer is put into the fermentation apparatus 100 of the present invention and fermented by stirring for about 1 to 2 hours. This is called secondary fermentation. This fermentation apparatus 100 will be described in detail later.
(6) The rice husk A2 that has finished the secondary fermentation is transferred to an aging tank (not shown), and the temperature increased by fermentation is lowered to room temperature while turning back once a day. This aging takes 2-3 days.
(7) Bag the fermented rice husk A2 at room temperature into a finished product (completely fermented). FIG. 7 is a photograph showing rice husk A and fermented rice husk A2 after fermentation and decomposition. FIG. 8 is a photograph of the rice husk decomposition product by an electron microscope. In the production system 200, the period required for producing the organic fertilizer is about 15 days.

  The structure of the fermentation apparatus 100 which carries out the secondary fermentation of the plant (for example, rice husk A) used as the said organic fertilizer fertilizer A2 is demonstrated with reference to FIGS. First, the fermentation apparatus 100 rotates the main plant 10 and the plant A1 mixed with the enzyme solution B around a horizontal axis O (rotation center) O, and stirs and mixes them with a plurality of stirring plates 21 in the cylinder 11. Stirring / mixing means 20, loading part 30 and discharge part 40 of plant A1 to be treated attached to cylindrical outer wall surface 11A of said stirring / mixing means, and rotation support means for rotatably supporting cylindrical outer wall surface 11A of said stirring / mixing means 50 and rotation driving means 60 for rotating the outer wall surface of the cylindrical body of the stirring and mixing means 20. The enzyme solution storage tank 70 supplies the enzyme solution B to the fermentation apparatus 100.

  Next, the detailed configuration of the fermentation apparatus 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. First, there is an enzyme solution storage tank 70. The enzyme solution storage tank 70 includes an inspection lid 71 for supplying and checking the enzyme solution B in the tank, a water supply pipe P1 for supplying water, an air pump EP and an air pipe P2 for supplying air, and an enzyme in the tank 70. It consists of a supply pump KP for supplying the liquid B into the cylinder 11, an on-off valve V, a flow meter Q, and a supply pipe P3. With the configuration of the enzyme solution storage tank 70, the enzyme solution B in the enzyme solution storage tank 70 can be quantitatively supplied into the cylinder 11 of the fermentation apparatus 100.

  The fermenter 100 is also called a fermenter and has the following configuration. First, the chute C1 of the carry-in conveyor, the agitation and mixing means 20, and the rotation driving means 60 that drives the swivel of the carry conveyor are arranged at the upper part of the main body 10, and the carry-out conveyor C2 is arranged at the lower part. The stirring and mixing means 20 is mainly composed of a cylindrical body 11 having left and right end faces having conical wall surfaces 11B and 11C. The plurality of stirring plates 21 (five as an example in the figure) attached to the inner wall surface of the cylindrical body 11 have an angle in the tip direction that is on the rotation center O side of the stirring plate with respect to the tangential direction S of the cylindrical body. Is set in the range of 70 ° to 75 ° (75 ° as an example in the drawing) in the rotation direction of the cylinder. By this inclination setting, the plant A1 to be scooped up on the stirring plate 21 is dropped before and after the highest point and is conveyed to the farthest position.

  The rotation support means 50 of the said cylinder 11 is as shown in FIG.2 and FIG.4 as an example. First, annular guide rails 22 and 23 are laid on the left and right peripheral end surfaces of the cylindrical body 11 with the horizontal axis O as the center of rotation, and the guide rollers R1 to R8 arranged at four locations on the top, bottom, left and right of the main body 10 are annular. The guide rails 22 and 23 are engaged. The annular guide rail 22 is provided with a large number of recesses 22A at regular intervals, and a pinion (small gear) 61 of a motor MO with a speed reducer of the rotation driving means 60 is engaged with the recesses 22A. . The cylinder 11 is slowly rotated counterclockwise (arrow direction) in the figure.

  The fermentation action of rice husks by the fermentation apparatus 100 will be described. First, in the organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system 200 shown in FIG. 6, the rice husk A packed in the enzyme solution storage tank 1 storing and stirring the enzyme solution K is immersed all day and night. Thereafter, the bag is pulled up from the enzyme water, drained, and added to the mixer 2 together with rice husk A and an enzyme (an enzyme mainly composed of yeast), and mixed with stirring for about 10 minutes. The rice husk-enzyme (enzyme-based enzyme) mixture A from the mixer 2 is transferred to a primary fermentor (not shown) and left open for about one week for primary fermentation. After the rice husk A1 is stirred with a stirrer (not shown), the stirred rice husk A1 is put into the fermenter (fermenting apparatus) 100 of the present invention and stirred for about 1 to 2 hours for secondary fermentation.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the method for charging the agitation of rice husk (treated plant) A1 into the fermentation apparatus 100 of the present invention removes the lid 30A of the charging unit 30 and feeds rice husk (treated plant) A1 from here. To do. As shown in FIG. 5, the input amount is set to a level L that is almost half of the cylinder 11. Thereafter, an appropriate amount of the enzyme solution B is supplied from the enzyme solution storage tank 70 into the cylinder 11 through the supply pipe P3 while watching the on-off valve V and the flow meter Q by driving the supply pump KP. After this operation, the charging unit 30 is closed with the lid 30A. Subsequently, the cylindrical body 11 activates the motor MO with a speed reducer of the rotation driving means 60, and slowly moves the recess 22A of the annular guide rail 22 engaged by the low speed rotation of the pinion (small gear) 61 counterclockwise. Move and rotate. Due to the rotation of the cylinder 11, a part of the rice husk (treated plant) A1 in the cylinder 11 is inclined upward in a range of about 70 ° to 75 ° with respect to the perpendicular tangential direction S shown in FIG. It is placed on the upper surface of the stirring plate 21 and dropped at the front and rear of the highest point. At the time of the dropping action, air is sufficiently supplied into the rice husk (treated plant) A1, and falls onto the surface of the rice husk (treated plant) A1 deposited at a level L almost half of the cylinder 11. The dropping action and the deposited rice husk (treated plant) A1 are mixed, and by repeating this operation, the enzyme solution B and rice husk (treated plant) A1 are efficiently stirred, and the fermentation is efficiently performed by touching the air. Done.

  That is, according to the stirring and mixing means 20 of the present invention, the rice husk (treated plant) A1 is brought to the center of the cylinder 11 and stirred uniformly, so that the enzyme solution B adheres uniformly and no frictional heat is generated. Therefore, the fermentation temperature is maintained at 37 ° C. to 40 ° C., and the humidity is ensured to 100%. In addition, the rice husk can be smoothly moved in the cylinder without clogging, and the rice husk can be stirred and fermented without impeding the rotational force. The As a result, the wax hull of the rice husk breaks and the fermenting bacteria easily penetrate, and the fermentation proceeds. Furthermore, rice husk A ferments and generates heat during the ascending and stirring process. Furthermore, fermentation is promoted by contacting oxygen during the fall. By continuing this action for about 1 to 2 hours, rice husk A is crushed into a semi-powder shape. When the secondary fermentation action of rice husk (treated plant) A1 by the fermentation apparatus 100 is completed, the rice husk A2 that has finished the secondary fermentation on the carry-out conveyor C2 disposed at the lower part of the cylinder 11 as shown in FIG. The opening / closing plate 40A of the discharge unit 40 is opened and discharged. Subsequently, a post-process operation is performed.

  As described above, the normal rice husk fermenting action requires a period of 6 months or more even when fermentation is performed by adding fermentative bacteria, but according to the fermenter (fermentation apparatus) 100 of the present invention, 1-2. The fermentation and crushing of rice husk is completed in time. Thus, according to the organic fermented fertilizer manufacturing system 200 of the present invention, the time required to ferment the rice husks into an organic fermented fertilizer is about 15 days, and is completed as a product in a short time.

  According to the embodiment of the organic fertilizer production system 200 using the fermentation apparatus 100 of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained. Compared with the conventional method (method of raising rice husk etc. A with a screw plate), the motor MO with a speed reducer of the rotation driving means 60 can save power from 3.75 Kw to 1/5 of 0.75 Kw. The processing capacity can be increased from 200 kg / day to 2,000 kg / day, and the processing time can be increased (from 200 kg / 12 hours to 15 hours → 2,000 kg / 7 hours to 8 hours).

  It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and it is needless to say that the design can be appropriately changed within the gist of the invention. For example, the number of the stirring plates 21 is not limited to the five illustrated, and can be increased or decreased as appropriate, and the angle in the tip direction on the rotation center O side of the stirring plate is within a range of about 70 ° to 75 °. It can be changed as appropriate.

  Although the fermentation apparatus of this invention demonstrated the rice husk, it is not limited to it, It is applicable also to a straw, a tree, bamboo, and other plants.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Immersion bowl 2 Mixer 10 Main body 11 Tubular body 11A Tubular outer wall surface 11B, 11C Wall surface 20 Stirring and mixing means 21 Stirring plates 22 and 23 Annular guide rail 22A Recess 30 Input part 30A Lid 40 Discharge part 40A Opening and closing plate 50 Rotation support means 60 Autorotation drive means 61 pinion (small gear)
70 Enzyme liquid storage tank 71 Inspection lid 100 Fermenter (fermenter)
A1 Plant to be treated (rice husk)
A2 Fermented rice husk B Enzyme liquid C1 Chute C2 Unloading conveyor EP Air pump L Level KP Supply pump MO Reducer motor O Horizontal axis (rotation center)
P1 Water supply pipe P2 Air pipe P3 Supply pipe Q Flowmeters R1 to R8 Guide roller S Tangential direction V On-off valve

Claims (3)

In a fermenting apparatus that ferments by mixing and stirring a plant to be treated such as rice husk with an enzyme solution, the plant to be treated and the enzyme are mixed with a plurality of stirring plates in a cylinder by rotating the plant to be treated mixed with the enzyme solution with a horizontal axis. Agitating and mixing means for agitating and mixing liquid and air, fermenting and discharging parts of the plant to be treated attached to the cylindrical outer wall surface of the agitating and mixing means, and rotating the cylindrical outer wall surface of the agitating and mixing means A rotation support means for supporting, and a rotation drive means for rotating the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means,
The rotation driving means rotationally drives the stirring and mixing means with a horizontal axis, and the plant to be treated is transported upward by a plurality of stirring plates in the cylinder of the stirring and mixing means, and before and after the apex. A fermentation apparatus configured to be circulated and fermented while being stirred and mixed with a plant to be treated that is dropped onto the bottom of the cylinder and deposited on the bottom of the cylinder.   The stirrer plate is characterized in that the angle of the tip direction which is the rotation center side of the stirrer plate is set to be inclined in the range of 70 ° to 75 ° with respect to the rotation direction of the tubular member, with the tangential direction of the cylindrical member as a reference plane. The fermentation apparatus according to claim 1.   In a production system for producing a fermented organic fertilizer by mixing and stirring a plant to be treated such as rice husk with an enzyme solution in a fermentation apparatus, the fermentation apparatus rotates the plant to be treated mixed with the enzyme solution around a horizontal axis. Agitation and mixing means for agitating and mixing the plant to be treated, the enzyme solution and air with a plurality of agitation plates in the cylinder, and fermenting and discharging the plant to be treated attached to the outer wall surface of the cylinder of the agitation and mixing means And a rotation support means for rotatably supporting the outer wall surface of the cylindrical body of the stirring and mixing means, and a rotation driving means for rotating the cylindrical body of the stirring and mixing means. The rotation driving means horizontally holds the stirring and mixing means. While being driven to rotate by the shaft core, the plant to be treated is transported upward by a plurality of stirring plates in the cylindrical body of the stirring and mixing means, and dropped to the bottom of the cylindrical body before and after the apex. Processes deposited on the bottom Organic fermented fertilizer production system characterized by being configured to be fermented circulated while being agitated and mixed with the plant.

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