JP2014020199A - Cutting tooth - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutting tooth for soil work.SOLUTION: A cutting tooth 10 has a base area 20 for arrangement in a cutting tooth holder, and a head area 30 with at least one cutter for removing soil material. The head area 30 has a plate-shaped cutting wing arrangement 32, and wings 34 of the cutting wing arrangement 32 project laterally with respect to the base area 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutting tooth for soil work as described in the preamble of claim 1.

  Such type of cutting teeth includes a base region for placement in the cutting tooth holder and a head region having at least one cutter for removing soil material.

  The above-mentioned types of cutting teeth are used for removing soil or for creating cut trenches in the soil, in particular in cutting devices (especially trench wall cutters) in special foundation methods. For this purpose, the cutting teeth are inserted into suitable cutting tooth holders on the outer periphery of the cutting wheel. For the creation of the trench, the cutting wheel is rotated and lowered into the soil, so that the cutting teeth remove the in situ soil material on the cutting wheel and thus the soil material is sucked out using a pump. And / or processed into, for example, a trench wall hardening element.

  A cutting tooth of a cutting wheel and a corresponding holder are described in Patent Document 1. The cutting teeth are fitted into the cutting tooth holder, which allows the stationary stripper plate to engage between the individual cutting teeth, which acts as a counter holder for crushing stones or smaller cobbles with the cutting teeth To do.

  In Patent Document 2, a cutting tooth particularly suitable for harder soil geology is disclosed. This cutting tooth has a main cutting element and a post-cutting element in the form of a round shank chisel arranged behind the main cutting element.

  A cutting tooth for a trench wall cutter that can be used in different rotation directions of the cutting wheel is described in US Pat. This cutting tooth is provided in particular for a method of making a trench wall element, in which the cut soil material is mixed with a binder so as to produce a trench wall element in the trench. The alternating rotation of the cutting wheel allows for intensive crushing of the soil material and good mixing with the binder.

  Patent Document 4 discloses an apparatus for creating a trench in the ground using a cutting wheel that is rotatably supported, and a removing device is supported on the outer periphery of the cutting wheel. The removal device is fixed in the notch of the cutting wheel and comprises a spoke extending radially and a curved plate fixed on the spoke, on which a curved cutter is designed.

German utility model No. 8715141 specification European Patent No. 1780375 German utility model No. 202009001814 US Pat. No. 4,326,347

  The present invention is based on the object of providing a cutting tooth having a particularly good cutting effect in the case of a viscous soil type.

  According to the invention, this object is achieved by a cutting tooth having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the dependent claims.

  The head region of the cutting teeth has a plate-shaped cutting wing structure, and the wing of the cutting wing structure protrudes laterally with respect to the base region.

  The plate-shaped cutting wing structure includes at least one cutting edge, and the cutting edge extends along a front edge of the cutting wing structure in a direction crossing a cutting direction of the cutting teeth. Efficient soil removal (especially for soft and / or viscous soils) by the cutting wings projecting laterally relative to the base area and each including a portion of the cutting edge A large cutting width is provided to guarantee. Preferentially, the cutting teeth are symmetrical in the lateral direction.

  According to the present invention, the cutting wing structure is for cutting or unraveling soil material protruding laterally in the lateral direction of the cutting teeth (ie, in a direction transverse to the cutting direction of the cutting teeth). Has a functional cutting wing. Accordingly, the wings of the plate-like cutting wing structure project laterally with respect to the base region of the cutting teeth in a direction transverse to the cutting direction of the cutting teeth, thereby reducing the width of the base region. Results in a wider cutting tooth width. Preferentially, the cutting wing structure is at least twice as wide as the base region, more preferably at least 3 times wide, most preferably at least 4 times wide. Increasing the width of the cutting wing structure increases soil removal efficiency and at the same time increases the mechanical stress of the teeth.

  The cutting edge extending in a direction transverse to the cutting direction allows the soil to be stripped along the defined cutting width. In particular, in the case of soft and / or viscous soil, it can be seen that such stripping of soil is an efficient method. The cutting wing of the cutting wing structure projecting laterally with respect to the base region allows an economical cutting width together with a narrow tooth base and thus a narrow tooth holder. The cutting edge of the plate-like cutting wing structure preferably extends over the entire width of the cutting teeth.

  Furthermore, the wing of the cutting wing structure provides a free space under the cutting wing, into which the removed or unraveled soil material can be guided and if necessary Can be sucked out of this space.

  The cutting wings project laterally with respect to the base region of the cutting teeth, so that the cutting teeth have cutting tooth holders spaced apart from each other in a direction transverse to the cutting direction. It is particularly suitable for being inserted into a cutting wheel. In this way, a large cutting section can be obtained using relatively few cutting teeth. Furthermore, the cutting teeth according to the invention can be used with cutting wheels which are also used for narrow cutting teeth for cutting hard rock layers. Compared to such narrow teeth, a cutting wing structure having a larger width allows a so-called full cut in which the soil material is removed over substantially the entire width of the cutting wheel.

  The cutting wing structure together with the base region of the cutting teeth preferably forms a T shape. The T-shape, which can be particularly recognized when viewed from the front or rear of the cutting teeth, provides a large free space under the cutting wing.

  In order to move the removed soil material laterally, preferably a guide surface is designed under the cutting wing structure. Preferentially, the guide surface has a soil material unraveled by the plate-like cutting wing structure downward toward the tooth base and in a lateral region (particularly the side of the tooth base). It has a curved shape to be moved. The guide surface (especially a guide surface with a wedge-shaped design) prevents viscous soil from clogging on the cutting teeth.

  According to the invention, it is preferred that the cutting wing structure has a linear cutting edge for the removal of soft and / or viscous soil. In particular, in contrast to a point-shaped cutter (such as a chisel), a linear cutting edge can strip the soil. The linear cutting edge may extend along a straight line, or may extend along a curved line and / or a jagged line.

  According to the present invention, the cutting wing structure is an arrow-shaped or V-shaped cutting edge, so that particularly good cutting efficiency is brought about. The arrow-shaped or V-shaped cutting edge includes a central vertex located forward in the cutting direction, and the cutting edge extends laterally from the vertex and obliquely rearward along the wing of the cutting wing structure. Exists.

  Preferentially, the cutting edge is at least partly curved and inclined downwardly towards the tooth base to the side of the cutting tooth. It is particularly preferred that the arrow-shaped or V-shaped cutting edge forms the uppermost point and / or the foremost point of the cutting tooth. This reduces resistance during cutting and, in particular, in cooperation with the guide surface designed under the cutting wing structure, allows for reliable transport of the removed soil material.

  Further increase in cutting efficiency can be achieved by placing a central cutting edge extending in a direction across the cutting edge of the cutting wing structure in the central region of the cutting teeth. Specifically, the central cutting edge extends along the longitudinal direction of the cutting teeth (that is, the direction corresponding to the direction in which the cutting teeth are inserted into the cutting tooth holder). The central cutting edge preferably extends along the central surface of the cutting tooth on the leading edge of the cutting tooth. Preferentially, the central cutting edge extends from the center point or vertex of the cutting edge of the cutting wing structure in the direction of the base region of the cutting tooth.

  According to the present invention, clogging of the cutting teeth can be prevented by inclining so that the wing descends backward from the cutting edge. Thus, in any case, the cutting edge constitutes the uppermost point or the highest point of the cutting teeth in the cutting direction.

  According to the invention, it is further preferred that the wing has a curved or curved upper side. The curved or curved upper side can contribute to avoiding soil material adhering to the wing.

  It is particularly preferred that the upper side of the wing is inclined laterally downward in the direction of the base region. The upper side or surface of the cutting wing structure that is inclined to the side, along with a correspondingly curved cutting edge, increases soil removal in the central region of the cutting tooth compared to the side region. Let The curvature in the upper lateral direction of the wing can also be referred to as a concave curvature.

  Furthermore, it is preferable that the upper side of the wing has a concave or tab-shaped curve in the cutting direction. The shape of the upper side of the wing, which is curved inward in the cutting direction, makes it possible to very easily enable a particularly efficient soil removal with an upwardly inclined cutting edge.

  Preferentially, the cutting edge projects upward with respect to the upper side of the wing. Thus, the cutting edge preferably forms the upper, in particular concave, front edge of the wing. This allows for particularly good soil removal.

  Since the cutting edge protrudes at least partially from the base region in the cutting direction, removal efficiency can be increased. Specifically, a central region of the cutting edge protrudes with respect to the base region and forms a front end of the cutting tooth. A lateral region of the cutting edge may be shifted rearward with respect to the tooth base.

  A secure insertion into the cutting tooth holder can be provided by the base region of the cutting tooth having a U-shaped retaining groove. The holding groove preferably extends in a direction crossing the cutting edge and / or the cutting direction surface of the cutting wing structure at the central surface of the cutting teeth.

  Good support of the cutting teeth can be provided by the retention grooves extending in the rear region of the plate-like cutting wing structure. Preferentially, the holding groove extends at the rear of the cutting tooth so as to pass through the cutting wing structure.

  In the following, the invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings.

It is the perspective view shown from the front of the cutting tooth by this invention. It is the perspective view which showed from the back of the cutting tooth by this invention. It is the figure seen from the front of the cutting tooth by this invention. It is the figure seen from the back of the cutting tooth by this invention. It is the figure which looked at the cutting tooth by this invention from the upper direction. It is the figure which looked at the cutting tooth by this invention from the downward direction. 1 is a side view of a cutting tooth according to the present invention.

  In all the figures, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  A cutting tooth 10 according to the present invention includes an upper side 14, a lower side 15 located on the opposite side, a front side 16 and a rear side 17 located on the opposite side. The front side 16 is located forward in the cutting direction 12 (during operation, the cutting teeth 10 are moved along this direction 12). The lower side 15 extends in the direction of the cutting tooth holder in which the cutting teeth 10 can be mounted. The longitudinal axis 11 of the cutting tooth 10 is defined by the direction of insertion into the cutting tooth holder and / or the direction lying perpendicular to the cutting direction 12.

  In the illustrated embodiment, the base region 20 of the cutting tooth 10 is a U-shaped design region with two parallel sides and a rounded lower end. A U-shaped holding groove 22 is designed between these parallel side surfaces. The base region 20 is provided for insertion into the cutting tooth holder using a holding spring corresponding to the holding groove 22.

  The base region 20 includes a first lateral hole (lateral hole) 24 that intersects both the holding groove 22 and the solid portion of the adjacent base region 20. The lateral hole 24 functions to accommodate a shear pin for securing the cutting tooth 10 in the cutting tooth holder. In the vicinity of the lateral hole 24, there is an additional lateral hole 26 in the base region 20, which can serve to insert a tool while the cutting tooth 10 is withdrawn from the cutting tooth holder.

  A plate-shaped cutting wing structure 32 having two side wings 34 is formed at an end located on the opposite side of the base region 20 (that is, the head region 30 of the cutting tooth 10). The wing 34 protrudes laterally with respect to the base region 20 and forms a T shape with the base region 20. A cutting surface 41 having a cutting edge 40 is designed at the front edge of the cutting wing structure 32, and the cutting surface 41 extends on both wings 34. The cutting edge 40 is disposed on the upper side of the cutting surface 41 and protrudes in the cutting direction 12 and in the upward direction with respect to the cutting surface 41.

  A linear cutting edge 40 extends in the lateral direction of the cutting tooth 10 over the entire width of the cutting tooth 10. When viewed from the front side 16, the cutting edge 40 is curved (curved) so that the lateral region of the cutting edge 40 is inclined downward from the central region or the central point in the direction of the base region 20. The center point of the cutting edge 40 forms the uppermost point of the cutting tooth 10 with respect to the longitudinal axis 11 of the cutting tooth 10.

  In particular, when the cutting teeth 10 are viewed from above, the cutting edge 40 has a V shape or an arrow shape (FIG. 5). The central point or vertex 42 of the cutting edge 40 forms the foremost point of the cutting tooth 10 with respect to the cutting direction 12. The cutting teeth 10 are configured mirror-symmetrically in the lateral direction.

  The wing 34 of the cutting wing structure 32 includes an upper side 36 that is opposite the base region 20 and a lower side 38 that is directed toward the base region 20. The upper side 36 is curved on the one hand in the lateral direction of the cutting tooth 10 and on the other hand in the cutting direction 12. The lateral curvature of the upper side 36 extends from the center line so as to incline laterally. The curvature in the cutting direction 12 is a tab-shaped design with the top point at the leading edge. The lowest point with respect to the longitudinal axis 11 can be located at the trailing edge of the cutting tooth 10 (FIG. 7).

  Under the wing 34, a substantially wedge-shaped guide surface 50 is designed, which is curved to move the stripped soil material in the direction of the base region 20 and / or to the side. Has a surface. The guide surface 50 has a substantially bow shape (a shape similar to the bow).

  A central cutting edge 46 exists between the apex 42 of the cutting edge 40 and the holding groove 22 on the central longitudinal surface of the cutting tooth 10. The central cutting edge 46 extends along the longitudinal axis 11 of the cutting tooth 10 and across the cutting edge 40 of the cutting wing structure 32. During the intended rotation of the cutting teeth 10 on the cutting wheel, the central cutting edge 46 extends in the radial direction of the cutting wheel. The central cutting edge 46 cuts the soil material in place and this soil material is moved by the guide surface 50 towards both sides of the cutting tooth 10. The combination of a laterally extending cutting edge 40 and a longitudinally extending central cutting edge 46 results in particularly efficient soil removal (for soft and / or viscous soils).

  The cutting teeth according to the invention (which can also be referred to as cutting teeth with wings) are particularly suitable for cutting viscous soils (for example, soils often found in dam piles). The tooth preferably has a base body with a dovetailed guide (holding groove) which is pushed into the tooth holder and fixed with pins made of elastic material. be able to. The cutting surface or cutting edge consists of two cutters joined in an arrow shape similar to the shape of a ridge, these cutters function to strip the soil and send it to eg a feed pump. The cutter is arranged so that the cutting edge protrudes, so that clogging of the cut material is prevented both in the cutting direction and at the lateral ends of both cutting surfaces.

  10 cutting teeth, 12 cutting directions, 14 upper side, 16 front side, 17 rear side, 20 base region, 22 retaining groove, 24 first side hole, 26 further side hole, 30 head region, 32 cutting wing structure, 34 wing, 36 Upper wing, 38 lower wing, 40 cutting edge, 41 cutting surface, 42 vertex of cutting edge, 46 center cutting edge, 50 guide surface.

Claims (13)

Cutting teeth for soil work,
A base region for placement in the cutting tooth holder;
A head region having at least one cutter for removing soil material;
Have
In the cutting teeth in which the head region has a plate-shaped cutting wing structure, and the wing of the cutting wing structure protrudes laterally with respect to the base region,
The cutting wing structure has a V-shaped cutting edge, and a central cutting edge extending from a vertex of the cutting edge in a direction crossing the cutting edge in a central region of the cutting tooth is a direction of the base region And extending to
Cutting teeth to the side of the central cutting edge below the cutting wing structure and with curved guide surfaces designed to move soil material in the direction of the base region and to the side region .   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the cutting wing structure forms a T shape with the base region.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge has a linear design.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge has an arrow-shaped design.   The cutting tooth according to claim 4, wherein the vertex of the cutting edge forms an uppermost point of the cutting tooth.   The cutting tooth according to claim 4, wherein the wing starts from the cutting edge and slopes downward toward the rear.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the wing has a curved upper side.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein an upper side of the wing is inclined laterally downward in a direction of the base region.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the upper side of the wing has a concave curvature in the cutting direction.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge protrudes upward with respect to the upper side of the wing.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the cutting edge protrudes in the cutting direction with respect to the base region.   The cutting tooth according to claim 1, wherein the base region has a U-shaped holding groove.   The cutting tooth according to claim 12, wherein the holding groove extends in a rear region of the plate-like cutting wing structure.

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