JP2013516948A - CHARGE RELAY ENHANCER AND ENHANCER SOLAR CELL SYSTEM - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a charge relay enhancer and a solar cell system including the enhancer, and more particularly to a charge relay enhancer and a solar cell system including the enhancer that are used to transmit charges generated by the solar cell to a charger. A charge induction and pumping device for inducing charges using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on a control signal and pumping the induced charges, and input to an input terminal The charge is transmitted to the charge induction and pumping device through two input / output terminals, and the charge pumped by the charge induction and pumping device is received through the two input / output terminals and then output to the output terminal. And a route selection device.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a charge relay enhancer and a solar cell system including the enhancer, and more particularly, to a charge relay enhancer used to transmit a charge generated by the solar cell to a charger and a solar cell system including the enhancer.

  Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of natural energy, that is, the energy contained in the sun and wind, to minimize climate change due to the use of fossil fuels. At its heart is the use of solar cells that convert solar energy into electrical energy.

  A solar cell is a device that uses the photoelectric effect and converts solar light energy into electrical energy. The photoelectric effect was derived in the process of elucidating the cause of the generation of electrons from sheet metal exposed to light, and proved that light has the properties of particles. A photon particle is called a photon, and a photon that has moved collides with the sheet metal of the solar cell to generate positrons corresponding to the kinetic energy from the sheet metal, and the solar cell stores the generated electrons.

  Factors affecting the efficiency of the solar cell include the amount of sunlight reflected from the surface of the solar cell and the loss due to the internal resistance of the solar cell.

  Commonly used solar cells have a surface usually made of low iron tempered glass or epoxy resin. About 10% of reflection occurs on the surface of glass or epoxy resin that is not treated with AR coating. The amount of electrical energy generated in the solar cell is lost by thermal energy due to the electrical resistance of the solar cell itself. The reason why the solar cell does not convert light of all wavelengths into electricity is that the conversion rate differs depending on the wavelength.

  For the above reasons, all incident light energy is not converted into electrical energy, but this part is excluded and it is required to charge the generated electrical energy without loss such as leakage. . Conventionally, the ratio of the number of electrons used for charging to the number of electrons generated without the electrical energy stored in the solar cell, that is, the plurality of electrons being transferred to the rechargeable battery, is very low. It was the cause of greatly reducing efficiency.

  An object of the present invention is to solve the above-described problems, and a technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a charge relay enhancer that transmits electrons generated in a solar cell to a rechargeable battery without maximal loss. (Enhancer) is to provide.

  Another technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a solar cell system including a charge relay enhancer that transmits electrons generated in the solar cell to the rechargeable battery without maximal loss.

  The charge relay enhancer of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem includes a charge induction and pumping device and a charge path selection device. The charge induction and pumping device induces charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on a control signal, and pumps the induced charge. The charge path selection device transmits the charge input to an input terminal to the charge induction and pumping device through two input / output terminals, and the charge pumped from the charge induction and pumping device to the two input / output terminals. And then output to the output terminal.

  The first charge induction and pumping device induces a charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on a control signal to pump the induced charge. The second charge induction and pumping device pumps the induced charge by inducing the charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on the control signal.

  The charge path selection device transmits the charge input to an input terminal to the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device through two input / output terminals, respectively. Charges pumped from the pumping device, the second charge induction and the pumping device are respectively received through the two input / output terminals and then output to the output terminal.

  Another charge relay enhancer of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem includes a first charge induction and pumping device, a second charge induction and pumping device, and a charge path selection device.

  The first charge induction and pumping device induces charge from a charge source in one period and pumps the induced charge in another period. The second charge induction and pumping device pumps charge during the certain period and induces charge from the charge source during the other period.

  The charge path selection device transmits charges from the charge supply source to the first charge induction and pumping device, the second charge induction and pumping device, and the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and The charge pumped by the pumping device is transferred by the charge charging device while being changed.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a solar cell system including a solar cell, a charge relay enhancer, and a charging battery. The charge relay enhancer includes a first charge induction and pumping device, a second charge induction and pumping device, and a charge path selection device. The first charge induction and pumping device induces charge from the solar cell during a period and pumps the induced charge during another period.

  The second charge induction and pumping device pumps charge during the certain period and induces charge from the solar cell during the other period. The charge path selection device transmits charges from the solar cell to the first charge induction and pumping device, the second charge induction and pumping device, and the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping. The charge pumped by the apparatus is transferred to the charging battery while being changed.

  As described above, the solar battery system including the charge relay enhancer and the enhancer according to the present invention can transmit the charge generated by the solar battery to the charging device to the maximum, so that the charge generated by the solar battery is charged. There is an advantage that the efficiency of transmission to the device can be maximized.

1 is a block diagram of a solar cell system including a charge relay enhancer according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an embodiment of a solar cell system including the charge relay enhancer according to the present invention illustrated in FIG. 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an electron flow in which electrons are induced in the first charge induction and pumping device 120 and the second charge induction and pumping device 130 pumps the induced electrons. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an electron flow in which electrons are induced in the second charge induction and pumping device 130 and the first charge induction and pumping device 120 pumps the induced electrons. FIG. 6 is a view showing another embodiment of the solar cell system including the charge relay enhancer according to the present invention shown in FIG. 1.

  Hereinafter, the charge relay enhancer and the solar cell system including the enhancer according to the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawings. In the case where it is determined that a specific description of a known technique or configuration related to the description of the present invention is not directly related to the gist of the present invention, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

  The terminology described below is a term defined in consideration of the function of the present invention, and this varies depending on the intention or custom of the client, operator, user, etc. It must be interpreted on the basis of the content. Like reference numerals refer to like elements throughout the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a solar cell system including a charge relay enhancer according to the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, the charge relay enhancer 100 performs a function of transferring a charge generated by the solar cell 150 to the charging battery 160, thereby performing two charge induction and pumping devices 120 and 130. And a charge path selection device 110.

The first charge induction and pumping device 120 uses one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages V ₊ and V ₋ having different polarities selected based on the control signal CON to induce a charge to pump. ).

The second charge induction and pumping device 130 induces charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages V ₊ and V ₋ having different polarities selected based on the control signal CON to pump the charge. Perform the function.

  The charge path selection device 110 transmits the charges received at the input terminals to the first charge induction and pumping device 120 and the second charge induction and pumping device 130 through the two input / output terminals, respectively. 120, the second charge induction and the pumping device 130 receives the charges pumped by the two input / output terminals and outputs them to the output terminal.

  The charge relay enhancer of the present invention, as the name implies, can be used where the efficiency of transmitting not only charges, ie electrons, but also holes is increased. However, in order to facilitate understanding of the invention, the charge generation device will be described by limiting it to a solar cell. Therefore, the generated charge becomes electrons. Any general engineer in the field can properly modify the device described below for application in the case of holes.

  FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of a solar cell system including the charge relay enhancer according to the present invention shown in FIG. Referring to FIG. 2, the charge path selection device 110 includes four diodes D1 to D4.

  The first diode D1 has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the first input / output terminal I / O1. The second diode D2 has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the second input / output terminal I / O2.

  The third diode D3 has one terminal connected to the first input / output terminal I / O1 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal Out. The fourth diode D4 has one terminal connected to the second input / output terminal I / O2 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal Out. Here, a diode is taken as an example of a charge transfer device that transfers charges only in one direction.

  However, it is possible to implement the charge transfer device with a transistor. The reason why a charge transfer device that transfers charges in only one direction is used for the charge path selection device 110 can be clearly understood from the description of FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 explaining the operation characteristics of the present invention.

The first charge induction and pumping device 120 includes a first capacitor C1 and a first switch SW1. One terminal of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the first input / output terminal I / O1. The first switch SW1 is first supply voltage V ₊ and the second power supply voltage V is selected based on a control signal CON _- to Suichingu medium one supply voltage another terminal of the first capacitor C1.

The second charge induction and pumping device 130 includes a second capacitor C2 and a second switch SW2. One terminal of the second capacitor C2 is connected to the second input / output terminal I / O2. The second switch SW2 is first supply voltage V ₊ and the second power supply voltage V which is selected based on the control signal CON _- to Suichingu one supply voltage at another terminal of the second capacitor C2. Here, the switch may be a single transistor, a transmission gate implemented by two transistors, or a relay.

  Hereinafter, the operation of the charge relay enhancer according to the present invention illustrated in FIG. 2 will be described. In the following description, it is assumed that the two terminals of the diode are a P-type terminal and an N-type terminal. Here, the P-type terminal means an active area containing a P-type impurity of the PN diode. An N-type terminal means an active region containing N-type impurities. Electrons easily move from the N-type terminal to the P-type terminal, and holes easily move from the P-type terminal to the N-type terminal. However, in the opposite case, it does not hold because of the potential barrier formed by the PN junction.

  The electrons transmitted from the solar cell 150 are input to the N-type terminals of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2. The electrons that have passed through the first diode D1 can move from the first input / output terminal I / O1 to the first charge induction and pumping device 120 and the third diode D3.

  Similarly, electrons passing through the second diode D2 can move from the second input / output terminal I / O2 to the second charge induction and pumping device 130 and the fourth diode D4. The plurality of electrons that have passed through the third diode D3 and the fourth diode D4 are transmitted to and stored in the charging battery 160.

One of the power supply voltage is connected _- first supply voltage V ₊ and the second power supply voltage V by the value of the control signal CON to another terminal of the first capacitor C1 included in the first charge induction and pumping device 120 . Here, the first power supply voltage V ₊ has a positive (positive) potential, and the second power supply voltage V ₋ has a negative (negative) potential.

  The plurality of electrons generated by the solar cell are transmitted to the first input / output terminal I / O1 via the first diode D1, and the plurality of electrons transmitted here are moved to the charging battery 160 via the third diode D3. Alternatively, the first charge induction and pumping device 120 can be moved.

At this time, if the first power supply voltage V ₊ having a positive potential is applied to the other terminal of the first capacitor C1, the plurality of electrons transmitted to the first input / output terminal I / O1 causes the third diode D3 to pass through. Then, it does not move to the charging battery 160 but is guided to one terminal of the first capacitor C1.

On the other hand, if the second power supply voltage V ₋ having a negative potential is applied to the other terminal of the first capacitor C1, holes are induced to the terminal of the first capacitor C1. Here, the meaning that holes are induced is the same as that a plurality of previously induced charges are pushed away, and all of the pushed electrons are transferred to the charging battery 160 via the third diode D3. Will move.

Here we use the term pumped to mean that multiple electrons are pushed out. In this case, if the potentials of the first power supply voltage V ₊ and the second power supply voltage V ₋ are appropriately selected, all the plurality of electrons transmitted to the first input / output terminal I / O1 can be induced to the first capacitor C1. All the induced electrons can be pumped to the charging battery 160 via the third diode D3.

One of the power supply voltage is connected _- first supply voltage V ₊ and the second power supply voltage V by the value of the control signal CON to another terminal of the second capacitor C2 included in the second charge induction and pumping device 130 .

  The plurality of electrons generated by the solar cell are transmitted to the second input / output terminal I / O2 via the second diode D2, and the plurality of electrons transmitted here are transferred to the charging battery 160 via the fourth diode D4. Or move to the second charge induction and pumping device 130.

At this time, if the first power supply voltage V ₊ having a positive potential is applied to the other terminal of the second capacitor C2, the plurality of electrons transmitted to the second input / output terminal I / O2 causes the fourth diode D4 to pass through. Then, it does not move to the charging battery 160 but is guided to one terminal of the second capacitor C2.

On the other hand, if the second power supply voltage V ₋ having a negative potential is applied to the other terminal of the second capacitor C2, a plurality of charges induced to the one terminal of the second capacitor C2 are charged through the fourth diode D4. All are pumped to the battery 160 for use.

  As described above, although the first charge induction and pumping device 120 and the second charge induction and pumping device 130 can perform the same function, in the present invention, the two function blocks 120 and 130 are divided into time intervals. Use it.

  That is, when electrons are induced in one functional block, a plurality of electrons derived from other functional blocks are pumped to the charging battery 160. Such a process is established by the control signal CON.

Referring to FIG. 2, the first switch SW1 is while Suichingu the ₊ first power supply voltage _V, the second switch SW2 second power supply voltage V _- to Suichingu a.

  FIG. 3 shows an electron flow in which electrons are induced in the first charge induction and pumping device 120 and the second charge induction and pumping device 130 pumps the induced electrons.

Referring to FIG. 3, since the first power supply voltage V ₊ having a positive potential is applied to the right terminal of the first capacitor C1 of the first charge induction and pumping device 120, the first input voltage V ₊ is transmitted from the solar cell 150 and is first input. A plurality of electrons e ⁻ transmitted to the output terminal I / O1 are induced to one terminal of the first capacitor C1.

At this time, since the second power supply voltage V ₋ having a negative potential is applied to the right terminal of the second capacitor C2 of the second charge induction and pumping device 130, a plurality of previously induced one terminals of the second capacitor C2 are used. The electron e ⁻ is pumped to the charging battery 160.

  FIG. 4 shows an electron flow in which electrons are induced in the second charge induction and pumping device 130 and the first charge induction and pumping device 120 pumps the induced electrons.

Referring to FIG. 4, the second power supply voltage V having a negative potential to the right terminal of the first capacitor C1 of the first charge induction and pumping device 120 _- so is applied to one terminal of the first capacitor C1 to the previously A plurality of induced electrons e ⁻ are pumped by the charging battery 160.

At this time, since the first power supply voltage V ₊ having a positive potential is applied to the right terminal of the second capacitor C2 of the second charge induction and pumping device 130, the first input / output terminal I / O2 is transmitted from the solar cell 150. The plurality of electrons e ⁻ transmitted to is guided to one terminal of the second capacitor C2.

  There are various ways to generate the two power supply voltages, but it is generated by converting the AC power supply with an AC-DC converter or by dropping the potential of the DC power supply voltage having a potential higher than the set voltage (Voltage drop) Can be made.

  Next, another embodiment of the battery system will be described.

  Referring to FIG. 5, the charge path selection apparatus 510 further includes 4N (N is a constant of 1 or more) diodes in addition to the four diodes D1 to D4 illustrated in FIG. In addition, the first charge induction and pumping device 520 and the second charge induction and pumping device 530 further include N pairs in addition to the capacitor and switch pairs shown in FIG.

  If the charge path selection device 510 includes eight diodes, the first charge induction / pumping device 520 and the second charge induction / pumping device 530 each include two capacitors and switch pairs (521, 522, 531, 532). It comes to have. In this case, the configuration of the four diodes D5 to D8 added to the charge path selection device 510 is as follows.

  The fifth diode D5 has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the third input / output terminal I / O3. The sixth diode D6 has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the fourth input / output terminal I / O4. The seventh diode D7 has one terminal connected to the third input / output terminal I / O3 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal Out. The eighth diode D8 has one terminal connected to the fourth input / output terminal I / O4 and the other terminal connected to the output terminal Out.

  At this time, the first capacitor / switch pair 521 is connected to the first input / output terminal I / O1, and the second capacitor / switch pair 522 is connected to the third input / output terminal I / O3.

  A first capacitor and switch pair 531 is connected to the second input / output terminal I / O2, and a second capacitor and switch pair 532 is connected to the fourth input / output terminal I / O4.

  If the charge path selection device 510 includes 12 diodes, the first charge induction and pumping device 520 and the second charge induction and pumping device 530 may include three capacitors and switch pairs.

  If this is expanded, if all of the charge path selection devices are composed of 4N diodes, the first charge induction and pumping device 520 and the second charge induction and pumping device 530 each include N capacitors and switch pairs. It comes to have.

  Generalizing the 4N diodes constituting the charge path selection device 510 is as follows. The (4N + 1) th diode D (4N + 1) has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal I / O (2N + 1).

  The (4N + 2) -th diode D (4N + 2) has one terminal connected to the input terminal In and the other terminal connected to the second N input / output terminal I / O2N. The (4N + 3) diode D (4N + 3) has one terminal connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal I / O (2N + 1) and the other terminal connected to the output terminal Out. One terminal of the (4N + 4) diode D (4N + 4) is connected to the second N input / output terminal I / O (2N), and the other terminal is connected to the output terminal Out.

  here. The solar cell used in the embodiment of the present invention can be replaced with a fuel cell, and in this case, the efficiency of the fuel cell can be improved.

  In addition, the charge relay enhancer of the present invention can be applied to a photocatalyst air cleaner to improve the efficiency of the air cleaner.

  In addition, the charge relay enhancer of the present invention can be applied to LEDs (Light Emitting Diodes) and OLEDs (Organic Light Emitting Diodes) to improve the efficiency of LEDs and OLEDs.

  The first to fourth diodes used in the embodiments of the present invention can be replaced with switches or transistors (MOSFETs, BJTs).

  Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and is within the scope of the present invention as long as it does not depart from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Anyone with ordinary knowledge can make various modifications.

110 Charge Path Selection Device 120 First Charge Induction and Pumping Device 130 Second Charge Induction and Pumping Device 150 Solar Cell 160 Charging Battery 510 Charge Path Selection Device 520 First Charge Induction and Pumping Device 530 Second Charge Induction and Pumping Device

Claims (17)

A charge induction and pumping device for inducing charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on a control signal, and pumping the induced charge;
The charge input to the input terminal is transmitted to the charge induction and pumping device through two input / output terminals, and the charge pumped by the charge induction and pumping device is received through the two input / output terminals and then output. A charge relay enhancer comprising a charge path selection device that outputs to a terminal. The charge induction and pumping device is
A first charge induction and pumping device that induces a charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on a control signal and pumps the induced charge;
A second charge induction and pumping device for inducing the charge using one power supply voltage of two power supply voltages having different polarities selected based on the control signal and pumping the induced charge; The charge relay enhancer according to claim 1, further comprising:   The control signal includes a second power supply voltage that remains in the second charge induction and pumping device during a period in which the first charge induction and pumping device selects the first power supply voltage among the two power supply voltages. The second charge induction and pumping device remains during a period when the first charge induction and pumping device selects the second power supply voltage among the two power supply voltages by instructing to select the power supply voltage. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 2, wherein an instruction is given to select a first power supply voltage that is a power supply voltage.   The charge path selection device includes a first diode having one terminal connected to the input terminal and the other one terminal connected to the first input / output terminal, and one terminal connected to the input terminal and the other one terminal. Is a second diode connected to the second input / output terminal, a third diode connected to the first input / output terminal with one terminal connected to the output terminal, and a first diode connected to the output terminal. 4. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 3, further comprising: a fourth diode connected to the two input / output terminals and the other terminal connected to the output terminal.   The charge path selection device is configured such that N is a constant of 1 or more, one terminal is connected to the input terminal, and the other one terminal is connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal (4N + 1) diode, and one terminal Is connected to the input terminal and the other one terminal is connected to the 2N input / output terminal, and the other terminal is connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal. A (4N + 3) diode connected to the output terminal; and a (4N + 4) diode connected to the second N input / output terminal and the other terminal connected to the output terminal. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 3.   The charge path selection device is configured such that N is a constant of 1 or more, one terminal is connected to the input terminal, and the other one terminal is connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal (4N + 1) diode, and one terminal Is connected to the input terminal and the other one terminal is connected to the 2N input / output terminal, and the other terminal is connected to the (2N + 1) input / output terminal. A (4N + 3) diode connected to the output terminal; a (4N + 4) diode connected to the second N input / output terminal; and a (4N + 4) diode connected to the output terminal. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 3.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the charge input to the input terminal of the charge path selection device is a charge applied from a solar cell.   8. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 7, wherein the electric charge is either an electron or a hole.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the pumping charge output to the output terminal of the charge path selection device is transmitted to a charging battery.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 1, wherein the pumping charge output to the output terminal of the charge path selection device is transmitted to a charging battery. A first charge induction and pumping device for inducing charge from a charge source in a period and pumping the induced charge in another period;
A second charge induction and pumping device that pumps charge during the one period and induces charge from the charge source during the other period; and charge from the charge source and the first charge induction and Charge path selection that is transmitted to the pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device, and is transmitted by the charge charging device while switching the charge pumped by the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device A charge relay enhancer comprising the device.   When the charge is an electron, the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device induce electrons using a power supply voltage having a positive potential, and the induced electrons are negative. Pumping is performed using a power supply voltage having a potential, and if the charge is a hole, the hole is induced using a power supply voltage having a negative potential. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 11, wherein the induced holes are pumped using a power supply voltage having a positive potential.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 11, wherein the charge supply source is a solar cell.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 11, wherein the charge charging device is a charging battery.   The charge path selection device includes a first charge transfer device that transfers charges transferred from the charge supply source by a first charge induction and pumping device, and a charge transferred from the charge supply source by a second charge induction and pumping device. A second charge transfer device for transferring, a third charge transfer device for transferring the charge pumped from the first charge induction and pumping device by the charge charging device, and a pumping from the second charge induction and pumping device. 12. The charge relay enhancer according to claim 11, further comprising a fourth charge transfer device that transfers charges by the charge charging device, wherein the four charge transfer devices transfer the charge only in one direction.   The charge relay enhancer according to claim 15, wherein the four charge transfer devices are implemented by diodes or transistors. A solar cell, a charge relay enhancer, and a charging battery, wherein the charge relay enhancer induces charge from the solar cell in a certain period and pumps the induced charge in another period. A first charge induction and pumping device;
A second charge induction and pumping device for pumping charge during the one period and inducing charge from the solar cell during the other period;
Charge is transferred from the solar cell to the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device, and is pumped by the first charge induction and pumping device and the second charge induction and pumping device. A solar cell system comprising: a charge path selection device that transmits charges to the charging battery while switching charges.