JP2013253348A - Latently crimpable conjugate fiber - Google Patents
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本発明は、編織物や紡績糸、不織布等に用いられる潜在捲縮性複合繊維に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a latent crimpable conjugate fiber used for knitted fabrics, spun yarns, nonwoven fabrics and the like.
従来、合成繊維に伸縮性を付与する方法としては、熱収縮特性の異なる熱可塑性樹脂を貼り合せ型や偏心芯鞘型に複合した潜在捲縮性複合繊維を用いる方法がよく知られている。この複合繊維は、無荷重下で熱処理することによって、熱可塑性樹脂の有する熱収縮の差によりクリンプが発現して、潜在的に有していた捲縮が顕在化するものである。 Conventionally, as a method for imparting stretchability to a synthetic fiber, a method using a latent crimpable conjugate fiber in which thermoplastic resins having different heat shrinkage properties are combined in a bonded type or an eccentric core-sheath type is well known. When this composite fiber is heat-treated under no load, crimps appear due to the difference in thermal shrinkage of the thermoplastic resin, and the crimps that it has potentially become apparent.
このような潜在捲縮性複合繊維としては、例えば、エチレンテレフタレート単位に５−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸成分を共重合してなる共重合ポリエステルとポリエチレンテレフタレートとを複合したものが開示されている（特許文献１、特許文献２）。また、特許文献３には、エチレンテレフタレート単位に、２，２−ビス［４−（２−ビドロキシエトキシ）フェニル］プロパン（以下、ＢＡＥＯと略記する。）とイソフタル酸（以下、ＩＰＡと略記する。）を共重合した共重合ポリエステルとポリエチレンテレフタレートとを複合したものが開示されている。すなわち、各種共重合成分を検討することにより、複合する２種の熱可塑性樹脂を選択し、所望に立体捲縮が発現させることができる。 As such a latent crimpable conjugate fiber, for example, a composite of a copolymerized polyester formed by copolymerizing an ethylene terephthalate unit with a 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid component and polyethylene terephthalate is disclosed (Patent Literature). 1, Patent Document 2). In Patent Document 3, an ethylene terephthalate unit has 2,2-bis [4- (2-bidoxyethoxy) phenyl] propane (hereinafter abbreviated as BAEO) and isophthalic acid (hereinafter abbreviated as IPA). .) Is a composite of copolyester and polyethylene terephthalate. That is, by examining various copolymer components, two types of thermoplastic resins to be combined can be selected, and steric crimps can be expressed as desired.
潜在捲縮が顕在化して立体捲縮を有する複合繊維は、紡績糸や編織物、不織布に用いると良好な風合いのものが得られるが、さらにより良好な風合いが求められている。 The composite fiber having the latent crimps and the three-dimensional crimps can be obtained with a good texture when used for spun yarns, knitted fabrics, and nonwoven fabrics, but an even better texture is required.
本発明の課題は、より良好な風合いを織編物や不織布等の布帛に付与することが可能な潜在捲縮性複合繊維を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to provide a latent crimpable conjugate fiber capable of imparting a better texture to a fabric such as a woven or knitted fabric.
風合いを柔らかくする方法としては、単糸繊度を小さくすることが挙げられる。しかしながら、単糸繊度をより小さくしようとすると、紡糸操業性の悪化を招き、生産性が極端に劣る。そこで、本発明者等は、風合いのより柔らかな布帛等を得るための潜在捲縮性複合繊維について検討した結果、繊維の断面形状として扁平断面を選択し、かつ、２種の熱可塑性樹脂を特定の方向に貼り合わせることにより、独特の柔らかな風合いを発現することができることを見出した。 One way to soften the texture is to reduce the single yarn fineness. However, if the single yarn fineness is to be reduced, the spinning operability is deteriorated and the productivity is extremely inferior. Therefore, as a result of studying the latent crimpable conjugate fiber for obtaining a softer fabric or the like, the present inventors have selected a flat cross-section as the cross-sectional shape of the fiber, and two types of thermoplastic resins. It has been found that a unique soft texture can be expressed by bonding in a specific direction.
本発明は、熱収縮特性の異なる２種の熱可塑性樹脂が貼り合わされてなる複合繊維であって、
該複合繊維は扁平断面形状を呈しており、
扁平断面における長軸と短軸の長さの比であるアスペクト比（長軸／短軸）が１．５〜５．５であり、
繊維断面において、２種の熱可塑性樹脂における貼り合わせ面が、繊維断面の長軸方向に沿って貼り合わされてなることを特徴とする潜在捲縮性複合繊維。
を要旨とするものである。
The present invention is a composite fiber obtained by bonding two types of thermoplastic resins having different heat shrinkage properties,
The composite fiber has a flat cross-sectional shape,
The aspect ratio (major axis / minor axis), which is the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis length in the flat cross section, is 1.5 to 5.5,
A latent crimpable composite fiber characterized in that, in the fiber cross section, the bonding surfaces of the two kinds of thermoplastic resins are bonded along the major axis direction of the fiber cross section.
Is a summary.
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
本発明の潜在捲縮性複合繊維は、２種の熱収縮特性の異なる熱可塑性樹脂が貼り合わされてなるものであり、横断面形状が扁平断面であり、繊維断面において、２種の熱可塑性樹脂における貼り合わせ面が、断面の長軸方向に沿うように貼り合わされている。 The latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention is formed by laminating two types of thermoplastic resins having different heat shrinkage characteristics, the cross-sectional shape is a flat cross section, and two types of thermoplastic resins in the fiber cross section. The bonding surfaces in are bonded so as to be along the long axis direction of the cross section.
本発明においては、潜在捲縮複合繊維の横断面形状が扁平断面であって、かつ２種の熱可塑性樹脂の貼り合わせ面が、繊維断面の長軸の軸方向に沿うように貼り合わせたことに大きな特徴がある。繊維断面の長軸の軸方向に沿って２種の熱可塑性樹脂が貼り合わせることにより、潜在捲縮が顕在化してクリンプを発現する際、クリンプの発現方向が貼り合わせ面（界面）に対して法線方向となり、クリンプは規則正しく発現して捩れ難く、特異な風合いとクリンプとクリンプの間が非常に緻密な構造となる。例えば、繊維断面の短軸方向に沿って２種の熱可塑性樹脂を貼り合わせた複合繊維を得、この繊維の潜在捲縮を顕在化させると、扁平断面形状であるために、顕在化したクリンプは捩れた構造となり、このような捩れた構造の捲縮を有してなる複合繊維を用いた布帛は、布帛表面が滑らかではなく荒れた感触のものとなる。 In the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the latent crimped conjugate fiber is a flat cross-section, and the bonding surfaces of the two types of thermoplastic resins are bonded so as to be along the axial direction of the long axis of the fiber cross-section. Has major features. When two types of thermoplastic resins are bonded along the long axis direction of the fiber cross section, when the latent crimps are manifested and the crimp is expressed, the expression direction of the crimp is relative to the bonding surface (interface). The normal direction, the crimps are regularly expressed and are not easily twisted, and have a unique texture and a very dense structure between the crimps. For example, when a composite fiber obtained by laminating two types of thermoplastic resins along the minor axis direction of the fiber cross section is obtained, and the latent crimp of this fiber is manifested, it becomes a flat cross sectional shape. Becomes a twisted structure, and a fabric using a composite fiber having a crimp of such a twisted structure has a rough and rough feel on the surface of the fabric.
本発明における複合繊維は扁平断面を呈するものであるが、扁平断面における長軸と短軸の長さの比であるアスペクト比（長軸／短軸）は１．５〜５．５がよい。また、扁平断面の断面形状としては、楕円形のみではなく、略長方形、波形等の異形のものでもよい。 The composite fiber in the present invention has a flat cross section, and the aspect ratio (long axis / short axis) which is the ratio of the length of the long axis to the short axis in the flat cross section is preferably 1.5 to 5.5. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the flat cross section is not limited to an ellipse, but may be an irregular shape such as a substantially rectangular shape or a waveform.
図１は、本発明の潜在捲縮性繊維の横断面の一例を示す模式図である。図１の潜在捲縮性繊維の横断面形状は、楕円形である。繊維断面において、一方の熱可塑性樹脂（２）と他方の熱可塑性樹脂（３）の貼り合わせ面（４）は、断面の長軸の軸方向に沿って貼り合わされている。 FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a cross section of the latent crimpable fiber of the present invention. The cross-sectional shape of the latent crimpable fiber in FIG. 1 is an ellipse. In the fiber cross section, the bonding surface (4) of one thermoplastic resin (2) and the other thermoplastic resin (3) is bonded along the long axis direction of the cross section.
扁平断面を採用することにより、織物に適用した場合には、伸縮性および柔らかな風合いを有しながらも緻密な高密度織物を得ることが可能となる。編物に適用した場合には、捲縮が顕在化した際、編物のループ方向に捲縮が発現するため、柔らかで独特の風合いを有するものとなる。不織布に適用する場合は、不織布化した後に熱処理を施して捲縮を顕在化させることがよく、扁平断面であることから繊維の剛性が低下し、非常に風合いの柔らかな不織布を得ることができる。また、不織布に熱ロール等を用いて熱と圧力とを加える熱圧縮処理を施すことにより、緻密でありながら、伸縮性と良好な風合いを有する不織布を得ることもできる。このように、繊維断面の長軸方向に沿って熱収縮特性の異なる２種の熱可塑性樹脂を貼り合わせた複合断面形状とすることにより、所望の目的に沿った加工方法を選択すれば、緻密な構造や独特の風合いなど、新たな機能、性能や表面形態を布帛に付与することができる。 By adopting a flat cross section, when applied to a fabric, it is possible to obtain a dense high density fabric while having stretchability and a soft texture. When applied to a knitted fabric, the crimp appears in the loop direction of the knitted fabric when the crimp becomes apparent, and thus has a soft and unique texture. When applied to a non-woven fabric, it is preferable to heat-treat after making it into a non-woven fabric to reveal crimps, and since it has a flat cross section, the rigidity of the fiber is lowered and a very soft non-woven fabric can be obtained. . Further, by applying a heat compression treatment that applies heat and pressure to the nonwoven fabric using a heat roll or the like, it is possible to obtain a nonwoven fabric that is dense but has stretchability and good texture. In this way, if a processing method in accordance with a desired purpose is selected by forming a composite cross-sectional shape in which two types of thermoplastic resins having different heat shrinkage properties are bonded along the longitudinal direction of the fiber cross section, New functions, performances, and surface forms such as a unique structure and unique texture can be imparted to the fabric.
本発明において用いられる熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリエステル系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂等、従来公知のものを適用すればよいが、汎用性が高く、機械的強度にも優れるポリエステル系樹脂を用いるとよい。 As the thermoplastic resin used in the present invention, a conventionally known resin such as a polyester resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyamide resin, or the like may be applied, but a polyester resin having high versatility and excellent mechanical strength is used. Use it.
ポリエステル系樹脂を用いる場合は、２種の熱可塑性樹脂がいずれもエチレンテレフタレート単位を主たる繰り返し単位とするポリエステルを用いるとよい。一方の樹脂としてポリエチレンテレフタレート、他方の樹脂として、エチレンテレフタレート単位を主体とし第三成分を共重合させて結晶性が低下した共重合ポリエステルとすることにより、２種のポリエステルに熱収縮特性を異ならせることができる。 In the case of using a polyester-based resin, it is preferable to use a polyester in which the two types of thermoplastic resins each have an ethylene terephthalate unit as a main repeating unit. Polyethylene terephthalate as one resin, and the other resin as a copolyester having a reduced crystallinity by copolymerizing a third component mainly composed of an ethylene terephthalate unit, so that the two polyesters have different heat shrink characteristics. be able to.
共重合する第三成分としては、酸成分としてイソフタル酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカンジオン酸、水添ダイマー酸等の脂肪族ジカルボン酸や、１，４−シクロヘキサンジカルボン酸等の脂環族ジカルボン酸、５−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸、２，６−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、オルソフタル酸、トリメリット酸等の芳香族ジカルボン酸が挙げられる。また、グリコール成分としては、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、１，３−プロパンジオール、１，４−ブタンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコール、１，５−ペンタンジオール、１，６−ヘキサンジオール、ジプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリテトラメチレングリコール、２−エチル−２−ブチルプロパンジオール、２−メチル−１，３−プロパンジオール、１，４−シクロヘキサンジメタノール、トリメチロールエタン、トリメチロールプロパンなどが挙げられる。 As the third component to be copolymerized, as the acid component, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid such as isophthalic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, dodecanedioic acid, hydrogenated dimer acid, or 1,4- Examples include alicyclic dicarboxylic acids such as cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, and aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, orthophthalic acid, and trimellitic acid. Examples of the glycol component include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, 1,3-propanediol, 1,4-butanediol, neopentyl glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, dipropylene glycol, and polyethylene. Examples include glycol, polypropylene glycol, polytetramethylene glycol, 2-ethyl-2-butylpropanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol, trimethylolethane, and trimethylolpropane. .
中でも５−ナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸で例示される金属スルホネート基を有する芳香族ジカルボン酸を３〜７モル％共重合したポリエステルを好ましく用いることができる。共重合量が３モル％未満であると、潜在捲縮発現性に劣る傾向となり、７モル％を超えると溶融粘度が非常に高くなり紡糸操業性に劣る傾向となる。
また、イソフタル酸を１〜９モル％およびビスフェノールＡのエチレンオキシド付加物（ＢＡＥＯ）を２〜１５モル％共重合したポリエステルを好ましく用いることができる。イソフタル酸が１モル％未満かつＢＡＥＯが２モル％未満であると、潜在捲縮発現性に劣る傾向となり、イソフタル酸が９モル％を超えかつＢＡＥＯが１５モル％を超えると、融点が低下し熱処理の際に風合いが悪化する傾向となる。
Among them, a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 3 to 7 mol% of an aromatic dicarboxylic acid having a metal sulfonate group exemplified by 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid can be preferably used. If the copolymerization amount is less than 3 mol%, the latent crimp developability tends to be inferior, and if it exceeds 7 mol%, the melt viscosity becomes very high and the spinning operability tends to be inferior.
Further, a polyester obtained by copolymerizing 1 to 9 mol% of isophthalic acid and 2 to 15 mol% of an ethylene oxide adduct (BAEO) of bisphenol A can be preferably used. When isophthalic acid is less than 1 mol% and BAEO is less than 2 mol%, the latent crimp development tends to be inferior, and when isophthalic acid exceeds 9 mol% and BAEO exceeds 15 mol%, the melting point decreases. The texture tends to deteriorate during the heat treatment.
２種のポリエステル系樹脂の極限粘度差は、０．０５〜０．２０であることが好ましいましい。極限粘度差が０．０５未満であると、潜在捲縮性に劣る傾向となり、一方、極限粘度差が０．２０を超えると繊維製造工程における紡糸時にニーリングが発生し糸切れが多発する等、操業性に劣る傾向にある。 The intrinsic viscosity difference between the two polyester resins is preferably 0.05 to 0.20. If the intrinsic viscosity difference is less than 0.05, the latent crimpability tends to be inferior. On the other hand, if the intrinsic viscosity difference exceeds 0.20, kneeling occurs during spinning in the fiber production process, and yarn breakage frequently occurs. It tends to be inferior in operability.
２種の樹脂として、ポリエチレンテレフタレートと共重合ポリエステルを選択する場合、ポリエチレンテレフタレートの極限粘度は０．５０〜０．６８、共重合ポリエステルの極限粘度は０．５８〜０．８０であり、ポリエチレンテレフタレートの極限粘度の値よりも共重合ポリエステルの極限粘度の値が大きく、ポリエチレンテレフタレートが共重合ポリエスエルよりも低収縮のものを選択するのがよい。 When polyethylene terephthalate and copolymer polyester are selected as the two resins, the intrinsic viscosity of polyethylene terephthalate is 0.50 to 0.68, the intrinsic viscosity of copolymer polyester is 0.58 to 0.80, and polyethylene terephthalate The intrinsic viscosity of the copolyester is larger than the intrinsic viscosity of the polyethylene terephthalate, and polyethylene terephthalate is preferably selected to have a lower shrinkage than the copolyester.
本発明で用いる熱可塑性樹脂は、ヒンダードフェノール系化合物等の抗酸化剤、コバルト化合物、蛍光剤、染料や顔料等の色調改良剤、酸化セリウム等の耐光性改良剤、難燃剤、制電剤、抗菌剤、セラミック等種々の改良剤や添加剤を含有してもよい。 The thermoplastic resin used in the present invention includes antioxidants such as hindered phenol compounds, cobalt compounds, fluorescent agents, color tone improvers such as dyes and pigments, light resistance improvers such as cerium oxide, flame retardants and antistatic agents. Various improvers and additives such as antibacterial agents and ceramics may be contained.
２種の熱可塑性樹脂は、体積比率で３／７〜７／３の割合で複合させるとよい。体積比率がこの範囲を外れると、本発明が所望する十分な捲縮が発現しにくくなる、あるいは、繊維製造工程における紡糸時にニーリングが発生し糸切れが多発する等、操業性が悪化しやすくなる。 The two types of thermoplastic resins may be combined at a volume ratio of 3/7 to 7/3. When the volume ratio is out of this range, sufficient crimps desired by the present invention are hardly exhibited, or operability tends to be deteriorated, such as kneeling and frequent yarn breakage during spinning in the fiber production process. .
本発明の潜在捲縮性複合繊維の形態は、特定の繊維長を有する短繊維であっても、連続繊維（いわゆる、長繊維）であってもよい。長繊維の場合は、マルチフィラメント糸としても、モノフィラメント糸としても用いることができる。本発明においては、長繊維を採用した場合、本発明の潜在捲縮性複合繊維が発現するクリンプの特性を活かすことができる。 The form of the latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention may be a short fiber having a specific fiber length or a continuous fiber (so-called long fiber). In the case of a long fiber, it can be used as a multifilament yarn or a monofilament yarn. In the present invention, when long fibers are employed, the crimp characteristics expressed by the latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention can be utilized.
短繊維の場合は、８〜１８個／２５ｍｍの機械捲縮を付与したものであってもよい。機械捲縮は、一般的なスタフィングボックス式や加熱ギヤ式等を採用することによって付与することができる。短繊維を用いてウェブを作成する際、機械捲縮の捲縮数を適切に選択することにより、ネップや未開繊部の発生を抑えることができる。機械捲縮数が８個／２５ｍｍ未満では未開繊部が発生しやすく、一方、１８個／２５ｍｍを超えるとネップが発生しやすくなり、ウェブの均整度が悪くなり、ウェブの素抜けが発生しやすくなる。 In the case of a short fiber, it may be provided with a mechanical crimp of 8 to 18 pieces / 25 mm. Mechanical crimping can be imparted by employing a general stuffing box type, a heating gear type, or the like. When creating a web using short fibers, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of nep and unopened portions by appropriately selecting the number of crimps of mechanical crimps. If the number of mechanical crimps is less than 8 pieces / 25 mm, unopened parts are likely to occur. On the other hand, if the number of crimps exceeds 18 pieces / 25 mm, nep is likely to occur, web uniformity is deteriorated, and web loosening occurs. It becomes easy.
本発明の潜在捲縮性繊維は、以下の方法により得ることができる。熱収縮特性の異なる２種の熱可塑性樹脂を準備し、通常の溶融紡糸機に供給し、扁平断面形状に穿設されたサイドバイサイド型ノズルを用いて製糸した後、糸条を冷却後に未延伸糸又は半未延伸糸として一旦捲き取るか、あるいは、捲き取ることなく引き続いて延伸、熱処理等を行い、目的とする繊度の繊維を得る。繊維のアスペクト比は、ノズル形状、紡糸温度、冷却開始位置、ポリマー粘度を適宜選択することにより調節すればよい。 The latent crimpable fiber of the present invention can be obtained by the following method. Two types of thermoplastic resins with different heat shrinkage characteristics are prepared, supplied to a normal melt spinning machine, threaded using a side-by-side nozzle drilled in a flat cross-sectional shape, and then the yarn is cooled and undrawn yarn Alternatively, it is once wound as a semi-unstretched yarn, or subsequently subjected to stretching, heat treatment, etc. without scraping to obtain a fiber having a desired fineness. The aspect ratio of the fiber may be adjusted by appropriately selecting the nozzle shape, spinning temperature, cooling start position, and polymer viscosity.
また、ポリエスエル系樹脂を用いる場合は、極限粘度や極限粘度差を前述した範囲内にする他、複合体積比、引取速度、延伸倍率及び熱処理温度等を適宜選定することにより、得られる繊維の潜在捲縮性能を調整することができる。例えば、複合体積比５／５とする場合、引取速度１２００ｍ／分で溶融紡糸し、集束して糸条束とした後、延伸温度４０〜９０℃、延伸倍率２〜５倍で延伸し、次いで熱処理温度１００〜２１０℃で緊張熱処理して、ポリエステル系の潜在捲縮性複合繊維を得る。短繊維とする場合は、熱処理後、所望の長さに切断して短繊維を得る。なお、機械捲縮を付与する場合は、切断前に押し込み式スタッフィングボックスや加熱ギヤを用いて機械捲縮を付与するとよい。 In addition, when using a polyester resin, in addition to setting the intrinsic viscosity and the intrinsic viscosity difference within the above-mentioned ranges, the latent fiber potential obtained by appropriately selecting the composite volume ratio, take-up speed, draw ratio, heat treatment temperature, etc. The crimping performance can be adjusted. For example, when the composite volume ratio is 5/5, melt spinning at a take-up speed of 1200 m / min, converging into a yarn bundle, stretching at a stretching temperature of 40 to 90 ° C., a stretching ratio of 2 to 5 times, Tension heat treatment is performed at a heat treatment temperature of 100 to 210 ° C. to obtain a polyester-based latent crimpable conjugate fiber. When using short fibers, after heat treatment, they are cut to a desired length to obtain short fibers. In addition, when providing mechanical crimping, it is good to provide mechanical crimping using a push-in stuffing box or a heating gear before cutting.
得られた潜在捲縮性複合繊維は、織編物や紡績糸、不織布等に適用する。立体捲縮は、織編物に加工した後、不織布化した後に無加重下で、潜在捲縮が顕在化する熱処理を施すことにより、所望の立体捲縮を発現させることができる。熱処理条件は適宜選択すればよいが、オーブン等の熱処理機を用い、繊維１本ずつが熱によって収縮しても緊張しないように十分に弛ませた状態でセットし、１４０℃〜１８０℃程度の温度に設定し、数分間程度熱処理を施すとよい。 The obtained latent crimpable conjugate fiber is applied to woven and knitted fabrics, spun yarns, nonwoven fabrics and the like. The three-dimensional crimp can be made to develop a desired three-dimensional crimp by subjecting it to a woven or knitted fabric, and then applying a heat treatment that reveals the latent crimp under no load after forming the nonwoven fabric. The heat treatment conditions may be selected as appropriate, but using a heat treatment machine such as an oven, the fibers are set in a sufficiently relaxed state so that they do not become tense even if each fiber contracts due to heat, and the temperature is about 140 ° C to 180 ° C. It is better to set the temperature and heat-treat for several minutes.
本発明の潜在捲縮性複合繊維によれば、柔軟で特異な風合いを有する織編物や不織布等を得ることができる。 According to the latent crimpable conjugate fiber of the present invention, a woven or knitted fabric or nonwoven fabric having a soft and unique texture can be obtained.
次に、実施例を用いて本発明を具体的に説明する。特性値及び評価は以下の方法により行った。
（１）極限粘度［η］：フェノールと四塩化エタンとの等質量混合物を溶媒として、温度２０℃で測定した。
（２）融点（℃）：示差走査熱量計（セイコー電子工業社製 ＳＳＣ５２００）を用いて、１０℃／分の昇温速度で測定した。
（３）紡糸操業性：１２錘にて２４時間連続操業した際の１トン当たりの切れ糸数を数えて下記により評価した。
○：切れ糸が発生しなかった。
×：１回／１トン以上の切れ糸が発生した。
（４）単糸繊度：ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１５ 正量繊度のＡ法により測定した。
（５）強伸度：ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１５ 引張強さにより測定した。
（６）捲縮発現形態：得られた繊維を無荷重下で１７０℃×１５分の条件で熱処理した後、繊維形態を顕微鏡で観察し、規則正しいコイル状の捲縮が発現したものを合格、規則正しいコイル状の捲縮が発現されず捩れたクリンプとなってオメガ（Ω）状の形態の箇所が多く見られるものを不合格とした。
（７）風合い：得られた不織布の風合い（柔軟性、触感等）を５人のパネラーによる官能評価を行い、４人以上が下記の判断基準で風合いが良好と判断したものを合格とした。
良好：風合いが柔らかで、表面が滑らかである。
劣る：風合いが硬く、表面がざらざらする。
Next, the present invention will be specifically described using examples. The characteristic value and evaluation were performed by the following methods.
(1) Intrinsic viscosity [η]: Measured at a temperature of 20 ° C. using an equal mass mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent.
(2) Melting point (° C.): Measured using a differential scanning calorimeter (SSC 5200 manufactured by Seiko Denshi Kogyo Co., Ltd.) at a rate of temperature increase of 10 ° C./min.
(3) Spinning operability: The number of cut yarns per ton when continuously operated with 12 spindles for 24 hours was counted and evaluated as follows.
○: No cut yarn was generated.
X: Cut yarn of 1 time / 1 ton or more occurred.
(4) Single yarn fineness: Measured by A method of JIS L 1015 positive fineness.
(5) Strong elongation: Measured by JIS L 1015 tensile strength.
(6) Crimp expression form: after heat-treating the obtained fiber under the condition of 170 ° C. for 15 minutes under no load, the fiber form is observed with a microscope, and a regular coil-shaped crimp is expressed, A case in which regular coiled crimps were not manifested and twisted crimps and many omega (Ω) shaped parts were seen was rejected.
(7) Texture: The texture (flexibility, tactile sensation, etc.) of the obtained non-woven fabric was subjected to sensory evaluation by five panelists, and four or more people judged that the texture was good according to the following judgment criteria.
Good: The texture is soft and the surface is smooth.
Inferior: The texture is hard and the surface is rough.
実施例１
極限粘度０．６４、融点が２５５℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートと、極限粘度０．５０、融点２５５℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートとを用い、複合体積比５／５として、アスペクト比６．６で穿設された紡糸孔を１３９０個有する楕円形の扁平断面糸条が得られる複合紡糸口金を用い、吐出量１０５０ｇ／分、紡糸温度２９０℃、引取速度１１５０ｍ／分で溶融紡糸し、扁平断面の長軸方向に沿って２種のポリエステル成分が貼り合わされた複合断面形状を有する複合繊維を紡糸した。得られた未延伸糸をトウ状に集束し、延伸倍率３．０倍、延伸温度７０℃で延伸を行い、続いて１５８℃で緊張熱処理を行い、次いでスタフィングボックスで機械捲縮（１２個／２５ｍｍ）を付与しし、切断して繊維長５１ｍｍ、単糸繊度が２．２デシテックスの潜在捲縮性複合短繊維を得た。
Example 1
Spinning made with polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 and a melting point of 255 ° C. and polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.50 and a melting point of 255 ° C. with a composite volume ratio of 5/5 and an aspect ratio of 6.6 Using a composite spinneret that yields an elliptical cross-section yarn having 1390 holes, melt spinning at a discharge rate of 1050 g / min, a spinning temperature of 290 ° C., a take-up speed of 1150 m / min, and along the long axis direction of the flat cross-section A composite fiber having a composite cross-sectional shape in which two kinds of polyester components were bonded together was spun. The obtained unstretched yarn was converged in a tow shape, stretched at a stretching ratio of 3.0 times and a stretching temperature of 70 ° C., subsequently subjected to tension heat treatment at 158 ° C., and then mechanically crimped (12 pieces in a stuffing box) / 25 mm) was applied and cut to obtain a latent crimpable composite short fiber having a fiber length of 51 mm and a single yarn fineness of 2.2 dtex.
実施例２
実施例１において、２種のポリエステル系樹脂として、極限粘度０．６４、融点が２５５℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートと、エチレンテレフタレートを主たる繰り返し単位とし、酸成分中にナトリウムスルホイソフタル酸５モル％を共重合してなる共重合ポリエステル（極限粘度０．７０、融点２４５℃）を用いたこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして潜在捲縮性複合短繊維を得た。
Example 2
In Example 1, as two types of polyester resins, polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 and a melting point of 255 ° C. and ethylene terephthalate as main repeating units are copolymerized with 5 mol% of sodium sulfoisophthalic acid in the acid component. A latent crimpable composite staple fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the copolyester thus obtained (extreme viscosity 0.70, melting point 245 ° C.) was used.
実施例３
実施例１において、２種のポリエステル系樹脂として、極限粘度０．６４、融点が２５５℃のポリエチレンテレフタレートと、エチレンテレフタレートを主たる繰り返し単位とし、酸成分中にビスフェノールＡのエチレンオキシド付加体６モル％とイソフタル酸４モル％とを共重合ポリエステル（極限粘度０．７２、融点２３０℃）を用いたこと以外は、実施例１と同様にして潜在捲縮性複合短繊維を得た。
Example 3
In Example 1, as two types of polyester resins, polyethylene terephthalate having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 and a melting point of 255 ° C. and ethylene terephthalate as main repeating units, an ethylene oxide adduct of bisphenol A in an acid component of 6 mol% A latent crimpable composite staple fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 4 mol% of isophthalic acid was used as a copolyester (extreme viscosity 0.72, melting point 230 ° C.).
比較例１
実施例３において、繊維の断面形状を円形断面としたこと（アスペクト比１）以外は実施例３と同様にして潜在捲縮性複合短繊維を得た。
Comparative Example 1
In Example 3, a latent crimpable composite short fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the cross-sectional shape of the fiber was a circular cross-section (aspect ratio 1).
比較例２
比較例１において、単糸繊度が１．１デシテックスとなるように吐出量を変更したところ、糸切れが多発し、操業性が劣るものであった。
Comparative Example 2
In Comparative Example 1, when the discharge amount was changed so that the single yarn fineness was 1.1 dtex, yarn breakage occurred frequently and the operability was poor.
比較例３
実施例３において、複合断面形状として、２種のポリエステル系樹脂が、図２に示すように、扁平断面の短軸方向に沿ってそれぞれの成分が貼り合わされた複合断面形状となる複合紡糸口金を用いたこと以外は、実施例３と同様にして潜在捲縮性複合短繊維を得た。
Comparative Example 3
In Example 3, as a composite cross-sectional shape, as shown in FIG. 2, two types of polyester resins are combined into a composite cross-sectional shape in which respective components are bonded along the minor axis direction of a flat cross section. A latent crimpable composite staple fiber was obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that it was used.
実施例１〜３、比較例１、３で得られた短繊維をそれぞれ用いて、不織布を作成した。すなわち、これらの短繊維をオープナーで開繊し、梳綿機でカーディングして目付３５ｇ／ｍ２のウェブを作成した。次いで、ウェブを水流交絡処理を施し、構成繊維同士を絡ませて一体化させて不織布化し、その後、１７０℃に設定したオーブン中で１分間の無荷重下熱処理を施し、目付約８０ｇ／ｍ２の不織布とした。 Nonwoven fabrics were prepared using the short fibers obtained in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 and 3, respectively. That is, these short fibers were opened with an opener and carded with a carding machine to prepare a web having a basis weight of 35 g / m 2 . Next, the web is subjected to hydroentanglement treatment, the constituent fibers are entangled and integrated into a nonwoven fabric, and then subjected to heat treatment under no load in an oven set at 170 ° C. for 1 minute, with a basis weight of about 80 g / m 2 . A non-woven fabric was used.
実施例及び比較例で得られた繊維物性および不織布物性を表１に示す。 The fiber properties and nonwoven fabric properties obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown in Table 1.
表１から明らかなように、実施例１〜３では優れた捲縮発現性能を示し、繊維は規則正しいコイル状のクリンプを発現し、「合格」であった。この繊維から得られた不織布の伸長性能は良好で、また、柔軟性が良好で表面が滑らかである独特の風合いを有するものであった。 As is apparent from Table 1, Examples 1 to 3 showed excellent crimping performance, and the fibers developed regular coiled crimps and were “pass”. The non-woven fabric obtained from this fiber had good stretch performance, and had a unique texture with good flexibility and smooth surface.
一方、比較例１は、規則正しいコイル状のクリンプが発現せず、捩れたオメガ状のクリンプが多く見られ「不合格」であり、実施例のものと比較して風合いに劣るものであった。比較例２は、溶融紡糸の際に糸切れが多発し、操業性が劣るものであった。比較例３は、短軸方向に沿って２種のポリエステル系樹脂が貼り合わせたものであり、捲縮の発現方向がランダムであって規則正しくなく、捩れたオメガ状のクリンプが多々見られ「不合格」であり、得られた不織布の表面が粗く風合いに劣るものであった。 On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, regular coiled crimps did not appear, many twisted omega-like crimps were observed and “failed”, and the texture was inferior to that of Examples. In Comparative Example 2, yarn breakage occurred frequently during melt spinning, and the operability was poor. In Comparative Example 3, two types of polyester resins were bonded along the minor axis direction, the crimping direction was random and irregular, and many twisted omega-like crimps were observed. The surface of the obtained nonwoven fabric was rough and inferior in texture.
１：繊維の横断面形状
２：一方の熱可塑性樹脂
３：他方の熱可塑性樹脂
４：貼り合わせ面
５：長軸
６：短軸
1: Cross-sectional shape of fiber 2: One thermoplastic resin 3: The other thermoplastic resin 4: Bonding surface 5: Long axis 6: Short axis
Claims (5)
該複合繊維は扁平断面形状を呈しており、
扁平断面における長軸と短軸の長さの比であるアスペクト比（長軸／短軸）が１．５〜５．５であり、
繊維断面において、２種の熱可塑性樹脂における貼り合わせ面が、繊維断面の長軸方向に沿って貼り合わされてなることを特徴とする潜在捲縮性複合繊維。 A composite fiber in which two types of thermoplastic resins having different heat shrinkage properties are bonded together,
The composite fiber has a flat cross-sectional shape,
The aspect ratio (major axis / minor axis), which is the ratio of the major axis to the minor axis length in the flat cross section, is 1.5 to 5.5,
A latent crimpable composite fiber characterized in that, in the fiber cross section, the bonding surfaces of the two kinds of thermoplastic resins are bonded along the major axis direction of the fiber cross section.
5. A composite fiber, wherein the latent crimpable composite fiber according to claim 1 is formed by subjecting a coiled three-dimensional crimp to manifestation by heat treatment.
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| KR20200036229A (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2020-04-07 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Non-woven fabric having improved elongation at room temperature |
| KR102501136B1 (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2023-02-16 | 코오롱인더스트리 주식회사 | Non-woven fabric having improved elongation at room temperature |
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