JPS62299545A - Artificial leather - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention 8. Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to raised products, particularly high quality artificial fur.

(Prior Art) Natural fur is highly regarded as the best fashion material. There have been many attempts to create artificial fur, but...
Artificial fur comparable to natural fur having an R-reduction height structure has not yet been obtained. The present inventors have invented a method and apparatus for precisely processing napped products using centrifugal force, and disclosed them in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-45788, Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-42105, etc. Although this centrifugal processing has made it possible to achieve a high degree of precision in the napping, there are still many issues that need to be improved regarding the napping.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) Most of the fur consists of two types of standing hair: a large number of relatively short and curly fluffs, and a relatively small number of thick, long prickly hairs. Has a structure. As for artificial fur, high-quality products require a two-layer to multi-layer structure. Many proposals have been made regarding the cross section and tapered thinning of the tip of the prickly bristles, but there are still many problems with the fluff. In addition to its bulk, moisture retention, elasticity, and flexibility, fluff is also good for its appearance, as well as its mobility, ease of hair handling, and the ability for the hair to move vigorously when the body moves or when blown by the wind. etc. are required.

Bulky properties and heat retention properties can be enhanced by applying strong crimping, but on the other hand, if the crimping is strong, fluff becomes intertwined with each other, reducing mobility and handling properties. In other words, it is extremely difficult to satisfy both bulkiness and hair handling properties.

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel artificial fur having fluff that provides both bulkiness and manageability.

The present inventors have already filed a patent application filed in 1983 regarding the improvement of fluff.
No. 23358 and No. 59-20197 proposed fluff with suppressed crimp, and patent application No. 57-2019 proposed fluff with suppressed crimp.
No. 208484 and Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 59-48788 proposed fluff whose Ij\ cross section is eyebrow-shaped and C-shaped. The present inventors have arrived at the present invention as a result of pursuing further improved fluff.

(Means and effects for solving the problems) The artificial fur of the present invention has fluff with a length of 4 mm or more, a curliness of 0.8 to 5 d, and a nap density of a, ooo to 50,000 pieces/cm". The napped product is characterized in that 60% (M-!i) or more of the fluff consists of one flat yarn group that satisfies the following (a) to (c).

(a) The flat thread group consists of flat threads having at least two different cross-sectional shapes from the group consisting of oval, eyebrow shape, and C-shape.

(b) The flat thread group consists of flat threads having an oblateness of 1.2 to 5.0.

(c) One flat thread group is composed of at least two types of single flat threads in which components having different shrinkage rates are joined in the major axis direction of the cross section, and the joining ratios (cross-sectional area ratios) are different.

Here, the term "ellipse" includes an ellipse and a shape resembling it, and refers to one in which both sides of the major axis (direction of maximum diameter) are convex (not having a concave portion). Specific examples of oval shapes are shown in FIGS. 1-8. Figure 1 shows something close to an ellipse, Figure 2 shows a slightly irregular shape, and Figure 8 shows an asymmetrical shape.

The eyebrow shape refers to one having one recess on each side of the long axis. 4 to 6 show specific examples of bean shapes, with FIG. 4 showing a symmetrical eyebrow shape, FIG. 5 a rotationally symmetrical eyebrow shape, and FIG. 6 an example of a left-right asymmetric eyebrow shape.

A C-shape is one in which one side of the long sleeve is convex and the other side is concave. 7 to 9 show specific examples of a C-shape, where FIG. 7 shows a symmetrical C-shape, FIG. 8 shows an example with a deep recess, and FIG. 9 shows an example with a left-right asymmetrical shape.

Oblateness refers to the ratio of major axis to minor axis. The major axis is the maximum diameter, and the minor axis is the maximum diameter in the direction perpendicular to the major axis. Figure 1 shows the length of the major axis and the length of the minor axis B. In the figure, the aspect ratio A/B is 2.6. The larger the flatness, the more flexible the piloerection, the richer the covering power, and the more savage.
Problems arise such as difficulty in manufacturing and easy fibrillation.

The ratio must be between 1.2 and 5.0, and between 1.5 and 4.
．． 0 is preferred, and 1.8 to 3.5 are particularly preferred.

The smaller the fineness of fluff, the better its flexibility and insulation properties.
If it is too thin, it is highly confounding and difficult to open.

If it is too flexible, there is a problem such as loss of bulkiness, and if it is too thick, there is a problem of rough measurement, so it needs to be 0.3 to 5 d, preferably 0.8 to 3 d, and particularly preferably 1 to 2 d. .

The product of the invention has at least two types of cross-sectional naps carried as fluff from the group oval, eyebrow and C-shaped. The oval shape, eyebrow shape, and C shape each have a structure in which both sides of the long axis are convex, both sides are concave, and one side is concave, and their mutual adhesion is low. Therefore, fluff made of a mixture of these materials is excellent in heavy linearity, heat insulation, bulkiness, and lightness, and furthermore, by selecting the above-mentioned appropriate oblateness, it is also excellent in flexibility. The mixing ratio is arbitrary, but in the case of mixing two types, it is preferably in the range of 1/9 to 9/1 (weight ratio),
Particularly preferred is 7/3 to 3/7. Even in the case of a mixture of eight types, the mixing ratio of each is preferably 10% or more, particularly preferably 20% or more. The fluff may be made entirely of circular threads with the above-mentioned oval, eyebrow-shaped, and C-shaped cross sections, but a few ff1 (40 % by weight or less, especially 20% or less).

A flat thread having an oval, eyebrow-shaped, or C-shaped rltIgr surface (hereinafter referred to as a flat thread) is a composite C! in which at least two components with different contractility are joined in the longitudinal direction. Absolutely. Such composite fibers have spontaneous crimp properties. That is, a tube is developed by appropriate heating, swelling, and other treatments. The crimp is strongest when the bond ratio is at or near 1/1. However, as artificial fur fluff, strong crimping is not necessarily required. If the crimping is too strong, the lineability will be poor, if the crimping is too strong, the bulkiness will be poor; if the crimping is too strong, the bulkiness will be poor;
~50%, especially 5-30% is preferred. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of spreadability and bulkiness, it is desirable that the crimp be random. That is, it is preferable that the strength, period, size, and direction of crimp differ from one fluff to another. According to the present invention, two or more types of flat threads with different cross sections are mixed in the fluff, and two or more types of flat threads with different joining ratios are mixed, and the strength, period, size of crimp, The shape and direction are fully randomized. A more preferable mixed type 1 is one in which two types of flat yarns having different cross sections and different joining ratios are mixed. As a result, it is possible to change the fluff from a concentrated state to a spread state using a brush, clothing, etc., which improves the appearance.
A raised product with excellent bulk and flexibility can be easily obtained.

Mixing fibers with different bonding ratios greatly contributes to randomization of crimp. For example, a mixture of bonding ratios of 2/1 and 172, a mixture of 3/1 and 1/8, a mixture of 2/1.1/1.1/2, a mixture of 8/1.1/1.1/8. Innumerable applications are possible. For example, from one spindle for multifilament spinning, yarns with different joining ratios can be simultaneously spun and wound into one bundle (spinning blend 1). Similarly, it is possible to spin and blend yarns with oval, cocoon-shaped, and C-shaped cross sections. For example, it is also possible to spin and blend yarns with a total of 4 wraps, each with a 2-hole cross section and two different joining ratios. It's easy.

FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are examples of spindles that are capable of spinning and blending fibers as described above. In Figures 10 and 11, polymer (1) passes from 6 to m (5), and polymer (2)
passes from 7 to the hole (5) and is joined at the introduction hole (3),
By changing the position of 8, grooves of polymers (1) and (2) (
By changing the channel length ratio in 5), polymer (1
) and (2) can be changed. The joined polymers (1) and (2) are spun out from the introduction hole (3) and the discharge hole (4). Figures 12 to 14 show the discharge holes (
4) is an example of the planar shape, from the discharge hole in FIG. 12, a cocoon-shaped cross-sectional flat yarn is obtained, from the discharge hole in FIG. 13, an oval cross-section flat yarn is obtained, and in FIG. 14, a C-shaped cross-section flat yarn is obtained Can be done.

In the same way, it is possible to mix yarns with a larger number of poles.
For the same purposes as randomization of crimp and spreadability, 2 to 20
Mixed fibers of approximately 100% are preferred, and 8 to 15 types are particularly preferred;
A mixed fiber of 4 to 12 types is most preferred.

Mixed fibers or gold threads can be formed in a step after spinning, such as a drawing step, and a plying or twisting step can also be provided.

Figures 1 to 9 show examples in which two types of polymers (1) and (2) are joined in various proportions.

Next, a method for manufacturing the product of the present invention will be explained. Mixed fibers using the above method,
The combined threads are further mixed with thread for embroidery and gold thread or mixed fibers to form pile threads, if necessary. Using this pile yarn, a suitable yarn is used as the ground yarn, and a raised pile product is obtained using, for example, a double pile loom. If necessary, artificial fur can be obtained by cutting the fluff to an appropriate length, tapering the tips of the bristles, opening the fluff, dyeing, finishing with a flexible water-repellent finish, backing, etc. It is also possible to obtain cut pile by making fluff fibers into staples and blending them with staple fibers for pricking, and it is also possible to separate the threads between two pieces of cloth using the pultrusion method to create raised piles.Similarly, Sliver knitting and other methods of producing napped products may also be used.

However, in terms of uniformity, the method using continuous filaments and a double pile loom is the best.

Spontaneous crimp of fluff may be caused before fiber-weaving or after weaving. For example, a crimped continuous filament can be obtained by running the latent crimped yarn in a relaxed state through a tube heater.

It is also possible to develop crimp by boiling or steaming cotton-like staples. It is also possible to develop crimp by heating the pile fabric or knitted fabric. Dry heat, wet heat, steam, swelling agents, etc. can be used. It is also possible to carry out dyeing, etc. and curling at the same time.

The length of fluff is 4 mm or more, or 6 mm to 49
mm is preferred, and 8-80 mm is most preferred. If it is too short, it lacks bulk, and if it is too long, it becomes thick and heavy.

The density of fluff is a,ooo~50,000 pieces/cm2. This is because if it is too small, the cotton will be poor, and if it is too large, the opening property will be poor and the cotton will become too soft. 5,000~ao,
ooo books/Crn is preferred, 10,000 to 20.
000 lines/Cff12 is most preferred.

The artificial fur of the present invention may have raised fluff other than the fluff described above. For example, it may have extremely fine raised hairs with a fineness of less than 0.8 d or prickly hairs with a fineness of more than 5 d. It is preferable that the stinging hairs have a magnetism of more than 5 d and below IQOd of J, especially those of 10 to 60 d, and those of 20 to 50 d are most often turned sideways. The density of standing hairs is less than 2000 hairs/Cm2, especially 1c50 to 1000 hairs/Cm2 is often used, and 10
A range of 0 to 800 lines/Cm2 is most often used. The stinging bristles may have a circular, flat oval, diamond-shaped or other arbitrary cross-section.

The stinging bristles may be curled, but in most cases, uncurled bristles are used.

The polymer forming the fibers of fluff, prickly hair and other napped fabrics is optional, but polyamide, polyester,
Polyolefins, polyvinyl polymers, and the like are useful. In particular, as the fluff, polyester is most preferable from the viewpoint of bulkiness, because it can be cut into arbitrary lengths using an alkaline aqueous solution, and furthermore, because the tip can be made thinner in a tapered shape.

Polyesters include polyethylene terephthalate,
Polybutylene terephthalate and those copolymerized with the eighth component are preferred. As the copolymerization component, any ester-forming compound such as dicarboxylic acid glycol, hydroxycarboxylic acid, etc. can be used.

The fluff contains an erasing agent, a pigment, a dye, a fluorescent agent, a ray absorber,
It may also contain additives such as antioxidants and lubricants. In particular, it is preferable to add a slipperiness improver inside or on the surface of the fluff to improve flexibility and openability. As the lubricant, it is preferable to mix and impregnate the polymer with oils and similar substances, waxes, polyethylene derivatives, polyorganosiloxanes and their derivatives, fluorine compounds, etc., and to form a film thereof on the surface.

The base fabric consists of woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, non-woven fabrics, and similar delicate structures. A resin may or may not be included as a binder (adhesive). The back side may be unprocessed, or may be laminated with raised, static clay, other sheets, or knitted fabrics.

(Effects of the Invention) According to the present invention, artificial fur having fluff that is excellent in handling properties, hair movement, flexibility, heat retention, bulkiness, tactile sensation, and curl appearance can be obtained. In combination with suitable fluff, advanced products such as mink, fox, sable, and chinchilla can be obtained. In particular, it is possible to obtain a product that has both excellent spreadability and bulkiness using melt-spun fibers such as polyester and polyamide, which have conventionally had many problems in terms of spreadability. These effects are achieved by mixing multiple types of fluff with a specific cross section and using multiple types of spontaneously crimp yarns with different crimp properties to prevent randomization of crimp and to prevent monotonous curling. It is something that can be done.

(Example) In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, parts, percentages, etc. indicate purchase ratios.

Example 1 Molecule i15,000. Oxidation f' evening: / (1% quencher) 1
．． 2% polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PE')
I') and cationically dyeable modified polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as cationically dyeable PET) obtained by copolymerizing 5-sodium sulfoisophthalic acid with 2.3 mol% of terephthalic acid (hereinafter referred to as cationically dyeable PET) are shown in Figures 10 and 11. Melt composite spinning was carried out using the spinneret shown in .

By providing 24 discharge holes with shapes as shown in FIG. 12 and 24 discharge holes as shown in FIG. 18, 12 composite filaments with cross sections as shown in FIGS. Composite filament Higashi 75 d/48 f was created with each book mixed together. The oblateness of the oblong flat threads as shown in Figures 2 and 8 is 8.
．． 5, the cross-sectional area ratio of PET and cationically dyeable PET is 1/
2 and 2/1. In addition, the oblateness of the cocoon-shaped waku flat yarn as shown in Figs.
The cross-sectional area ratios of ET were 1/2 and 2/1.

On the other hand, polybutylene terephthalate (hereinafter referred to as PBT) having a relative viscosity of 2.45 was melt-spun to produce a drawn filament having a diamond-shaped cross section and a fineness of 150 d/8 f.

One PBT drawn filament and two bundles of mixed composite flat filaments were twisted at a twist rate of 50 times/m.

A 60 count double spun yarn made of crimped staples of 1.5 d of PET and a cut length of B B mm was used as the warp (ground yarn) and weft yarn (ground yarn), and the above twisted yarn was used as the pile yarn to form a double pile. A cut pile fabric with a length of 30 strokes was made using a loom. The flocking density was 105 sites/Cm2.

Each of the cut pile fabrics was manufactured by the present inventors in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 1986-
Finishing processing using centrifugal force was performed using the method disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 15486. Each of the cut pile fabrics was attached to a cylinder with a diameter of 1 m and rotated to raise the nap by centrifugal force, and the processing liquid was poured into an outer container (outer cylinder) with a diameter of 1.1 m that rotated on the same axis and at the same rotation speed. Injected and processed. First, the rotation speed was set to 30°rpm (centrifugal force of about 50G) and heat set at 170°C, then 18% NaOH at 97°C was used as the machining fluid.
The aqueous solution was injected until the inner liquid level was 14 mm from the base fabric, and held at that position for 25 minutes to dissolve and cut the fluffy flat composite filaments. Then, after quickly drawing out the processing liquid, a 20% NaOH aqueous solution containing 0.5% of the accelerator Neocation G (Nicca Chemical Co., Ltd. $1) was added at 97°C.
The liquid was injected to the point where the inner liquid level was 28rnrr1 from the base fabric, and from that position, the liquid was gradually injected so that one plate was added every 20 minutes, and the tip of the PBT filament, which is a stinging hair, was treated for 60 minutes to thin it. .

After the processing liquid was quickly discharged, the alkali-treated pile fabric was washed with water, dried, and taken out from the centrifugal processing machine. The raised fluff had a length of 14 mm, and the stinging hair had a length of 28 τnm and had a tapered tip of 3 mm.

An aqueous dispersion of polyurethane elastomer is applied to the base fabric from behind by spraying, and Rafbon 5T-212 is applied as a softener to the raised areas.
/Sofpon S'l'206 (manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.) 5015
0 was applied in a pure amount of 0.6%, and the resins were cured and dried by dry heat treatment at 180°C. Next, the raised part was stuffed with cloth and the fluff was opened to obtain artificial fur. The bulkiness, spreading property, handling property, and softness of the product were extremely good.Comparative Example Composite spinning was performed using the PET used in Example 1 and cationically dyeable PET with a cross-sectional area ratio of 1/1. , Fig. 1 is an oval flat thread composite yarn east (oblateness 8.5) 75d/48f, Fig. 4 is a cocoon-shaped flat composite yarn bundle (obeseness 8.2) 75d/48f
, and the oblong shape in Figure 1, the flat double gold thread (@flat ratio 8.5) 2
A composite yarn bundle 75d/48f was prepared by spinning and blending the 4 yarns and the 24 eyebrow-shaped and 24 eyebrow-shaped composite yarns (oblateness ratio &2) shown in FIG.

Two bundles of the same type of each of the obtained Kahei double gold thread bundles and one PBT drawn filament used in Example 1 were twisted 50 times/m.
The yarns were combined and twisted to obtain 8 types of combined and twisted yarns, which were used as pile yarns. Thereafter, the same treatment as in Example 1 was carried out to prepare artificial fur 8M for comparison. Table 1 shows the evaluation results of bulkiness, spreadability, fluffability, and softness.

From the results shown in Table 1, it can be seen that a single cross-section with a single composite ratio of composite flatness results in inferior cotton opening properties and hair handling properties, and that the composite ratio is the same even if the composite has two types of new surface morphology. It is clear that the cotton opening property is insufficient.

Example 2 Composite mixed fiber filament bundle 75d in which the shape of the discharge hole of the cap used in Example 1 as shown in FIGS.
/48 f'I transplant was created.

The shear WJff ratios of PE'l' and cationically dyeable PET were 2/1 and 172 for both the oval flat yarn and the eyebrow swelling and shrinking flat yarn. Example 1 using the obtained composite mixed fiber filament bundle
Seven types of artificial fur were obtained by processing in the same manner as in Table 2. From Table 2, the flatness ratio is 1.2~
5.0 is preferable, and 1.8 to 8.6 is particularly preferable. Example 8 The PET used in Example 1 and cationically dyeable PET are melt-spun and the cross-sectional area ratio is PET/cationically dyeable PE.
Composite filaments 60d/4Of, 45d/80f, 80 with an oblate shape of 1.8 as shown in Fig. 2 with T=2/1
d/20f was created.

Also, the cross-sectional area ratio is PET/cationic dyeable PET = 2/8
Composite filaments 60d/16f and 45d182f are cocoon-shaped and have an oblateness of 2.0 as shown in FIG.

aod/18f was created. These flat filaments, round-section filaments 80d/24f made of PET alone,
50d/86f, 75d/48f.

100 d/72 f to become approximately 150 d, and one diamond-shaped flat yarn of PBT 150 d/8 f used in Example 1 was combined and twisted at a twist rate of 50 times/m to obtain a 6-day twisted yarn. Ta.

The obtained twisted yarn was made into a pile fabric in the same manner as in Example 1, and subjected to centrifugal alkali treatment and post-processing to produce %6 types of artificial fur.

Table 8 shows the evaluation results of bulkiness, spreadability, fluffability, and softness. From Table 8, flat thread

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIGS. 1 to 9 show cross-sectional shapes of flat composite yarns used in the present invention, and show examples in which two types of polymers (1) and (2) are joined in various proportions. FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 are an example of a die for obtaining a flat composite yarn used in the present invention by spinning and blending, and are a side view and a plan view, respectively. FIG. 12 to FIG. 14 are examples of the shape of the discharge hole of the mouthpiece. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure 4 Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 1112 Figure 13 Figure 14

Claims (4)

[Claims] (1) Length 4mm or more, fineness 0.3-5d, nap density 3
,000 to 50,000 pieces/cm^2 of fluff, in which 60% (weight) or more of the fluff consists of flat yarns satisfying the following (a) to (c): . (a) The flat thread group consists of flat threads having at least two types of cross-sectional shapes selected from the group consisting of oval, eyebrow shape, and C-shape. (b) The flat thread group consists of flat threads having an oblateness of 1.2 to 5.0. (c) The flat thread group is composed of at least two types of flat threads in which components having different shrinkage rates are joined in the longitudinal direction of the cross section, and the joining ratios (cross-sectional area ratios) are different. (2) The artificial fur according to claim 1, wherein the flat threads are melt-spun. (3) The artificial fur according to claim 1, wherein the flat thread group is a mixture of at least two types of flat threads having different cross-sectional shapes and different bonding ratios. (4) The artificial fur according to claim 1, which has, in addition to the fluff, prickly hairs having a fineness of more than 5 d and a length longer than the fluff.