JP2013245932A - Plasma melting device and waste disposal system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact plasma melting device having higher performance than conventional ones, configured to perform processing based on a processing condition varied in accordance with types and situations of processing targets including objects to be processed having high variation.SOLUTION: A plasma melting device includes: an introduction port 14 for introducing a processing object to be molten; a plasma torch 11 positioned at the furnace top; a bottom electrode 12 disposed at a position equivalent to the plasma torch on the furnace bottom; a plasma melting furnace 1 made of a furnace body having exhaust outlets 16, 17; and a mixed-gas supply device 2 mixed with hydrogen and oxygen, connected to the plasma melting furnace 1.

Description

  The present invention relates to a plasma melting apparatus and a waste treatment system using the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a plasma melting apparatus and a waste treatment system using the same, which melts a treatment containing various components such as waste in a space-saving manner with high efficiency.

  Hazardous waste such as asbestos waste and incinerated ash containing dioxin is heated and melted at the place where the waste is generated, the organic component is gasified, the metal component and the non-metallic component are melted, separated and recovered, and the non-metallic component A plasma melting apparatus that vitrifies and rocks is known technology.

  In a conventional plasma melting furnace using a transfer type plasma torch, a method of generating arc plasma between one plasma torch and the bottom electrode and between a plurality of plasma torches (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3), A method of generating arc plasma between the plasma torch of the book and the bottom electrode (see, for example, Patent Document 4) is used. When one plasma torch is used, a gas flow from the plasma toward the periphery and slag outflow are generated, so that the thrown-in waste is pushed to the low temperature peripheral part. In addition, when generating arc plasma between a plurality of plasma torches, their outputs cannot be adjusted independently by current. Furthermore, when arc plasma is generated between a plurality of plasma torches and the bottom electrode, the purpose is to raise the intermediate part of the plasma torch at a high temperature, so that the current flowing through all the electrodes is set to be equal. ing.

Although slag is electrically conductive when melted, it loses its electrical conductivity when solidified and cannot be energized, making it impossible to generate arc plasma. Therefore, in order to enable easy start-up, for example, a method of stopping the operation by bringing the electrode into contact with the metal layer below the molten slag after the melting treatment (see Patent Document 5), granular on the solidified slag A method of generating a plasma arc through the introduction of carbon (see Patent Document 6) and a method of setting and starting a metal on the bottom electrode (see Patent Documents 7 and 8) have been proposed.
Various techniques for moving the plasma melting apparatus are also disclosed. For example,
(A) A method of inserting a plasma arc torch into a hole in a casing to a predetermined position and dissolving and solidifying the soil around the hole (see Patent Document 9),
(B) A device that melts the soil and treats the generated harmful gas will be added. At this time, the contaminated soil, incinerated ash, etc. will be treated to enable the melting treatment of harmful waste (patent Reference 10)
Etc. are disclosed.

  In addition, (c) a technique of thermally decomposing by irradiating a movable infrared laser to pollutants existing in the air, soil, water, etc., and selectively exciting them is disclosed (for example, , See Patent Document 11).

  Furthermore, (d) in the melting technology such as contaminated soil by resistance heating, a steel container is installed in the soil, a ceramic container is installed in it, an electrode is inserted into the container, and Joule heating is performed. There is also a technology that melts waste. The steel container is fitted with a hood so that the generated exhaust gas can be recovered. The collected exhaust gas is detoxified and then released to the atmosphere.

  Patent Document 12 discloses that a stable operation can be performed without impairing the stability of the arc plasma, and further, a waste processing plasma melting treatment apparatus that can be easily activated at the time of activation of the apparatus can be moved. A graphite electrode type plasma torch that can continue the melting process even when it comes into contact with the waste to be melted for the purpose of enabling detoxification treatment at the place where harmful waste is generated. A metal electrode type plasma torch that generates arc plasma with high directivity while being placed near the mouth, is placed near the outlet of the waste after melting treatment, and further, these graphite electrode type plasma torch and metal electrode type plasma A plasma melting treatment device for waste treatment provided with a bottom electrode facing the torch, which can be loaded on a moving medium such as a vehicle, a ship, a freight car, or an airplane. Is portable waste disposal for plasma melting treatment apparatus characterized disclosed that.

JP 9-49616 A JP-A-8-5247 JP-A-8-57441 JP 2001-324125 A JP 2002-213726 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-253266 JP 2001-324124 A JP 2002-31486 A JP-A-5-513373 JP 2001-173932 A JP 2001-231881 A

However, in the prior art, for example, it is not possible to perform processing following a processing condition that varies depending on the type and situation of a processing target including a highly variable processing object such as waste.
Therefore, there is a demand for a plasma melting apparatus that is small in size and capable of performing processing in accordance with the processing conditions that vary depending on the type of processing target, and that has higher performance (processing capacity and energy savings) than before. It was.

  Further, there has been a demand for a general treatment system using such a small and high-performance plasma melting apparatus, particularly waste.

  Therefore, the problem of the present invention is that it is small in size and capable of performing processing in accordance with the processing conditions that vary depending on the type and situation of the processing target including highly variably processed products, and higher performance than before. It is to provide plasma melting equipment.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a waste treatment system equipped with such a small size and higher performance plasma melting apparatus as compared with the prior art.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and relates to the following items.

(First invention: Plasma melting apparatus)
1 an inlet for introducing a processed material to be melted;
A plasma torch located at the top of the furnace,
A bottom electrode disposed at a position corresponding to the plasma torch on the furnace bottom;
A plasma melting apparatus body comprising a furnace body having an exhaust gas outlet;
Plasma melting characterized by comprising an oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply device connected to a furnace body of the plasma melting apparatus main body and supplying a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen into the furnace body of the plasma melting apparatus apparatus.

  2. The plasma melting apparatus according to 1, wherein the mixed gas supply apparatus is an electrolysis apparatus that generates hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water.

3. The plasma melting apparatus according to 1 or 2, wherein the mixed gas supply device changes a mixing ratio and an inflow amount of the hydrogen and oxygen based on a furnace temperature and a content of a processed product.

  The plasma melting apparatus main body has a temperature distribution measuring device that displays a temperature distribution in the furnace body, and supplies the mixing ratio and the inflow amount of the hydrogen and oxygen based on the temperature distribution of the road body. 4. The plasma melting apparatus according to 3 above.

5. The mixed gas supply device supplies a mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen at a ratio of oxygen and hydrogen such that a molar ratio of oxygen and hydrogen in the plasma melting apparatus main body approaches 1: 2. The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of 1 to 4.

6. The mixed gas supply apparatus includes storage containers for separately storing the generated oxygen and hydrogen, and supplies a necessary amount of oxygen and hydrogen mixed from the storage containers. 6. The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of items 1 to 5.

(Second invention)
7 A waste treatment system including a plasma melting device,
The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A pretreatment device arranged at the inlet of the plasma melting device for optimizing the processing in the plasma melting device;
An exhaust gas treatment device for treating the exhaust gas generated in the plasma melting device;
A waste treatment system comprising:

[8] The waste treatment system according to [7], wherein the exhaust gas treatment device includes a plasma melting device.

9 The pretreatment device includes a cylindrical device body;
A waste input port provided on the upper side surface of the apparatus body;
A pressing device for pressing downward on the top of the device body by a stroke;
A pressing disk that is connected to the pressing device and presses the waste that has been thrown into the device main body by the pressing device;
A rotary cutting device having a blade attached to the bottom of the device body;
The waste disposal system according to 7 or 8, further comprising:

10. The waste treatment system according to any one of 7 to 9, further comprising heat storage means for recovering exhaust heat from the apparatus main body.

11 For the heat storage means to collect the exhaust heat from the apparatus main body, the heat storage apparatus to store the heat from the heat collection furnace, and the heat from the heat storage furnace to supply the heat storage apparatus The waste treatment system according to claim 10, comprising a heat circulation line including a heat transport medium that circulates between the heat collecting furnace and the heat storage device.

[12] The waste treatment system according to [11], wherein the heat storage device includes a power generation system, a hot water supply system, or both for generating electricity using heat stored in the heat storage device as a secondary side.

13 The power generation system is mainly composed of a piston motor, a cooling device, the heat storage device, and a circulation gas passage circulating between them, and the pressure of the circulation gas heated and expanded by the heat storage device is 13. The waste disposal system according to 12, wherein the waste disposal system has a configuration that is converted into a rotational force by a piston motor and generates electric power by the generator.

[14] The waste treatment system according to any one of [7] to [13], wherein the pretreatment device is a drying device that dries a treatment object by heat of exhaust gas exhausted from the device main body.

15 The waste treatment system is a system for treating waste containing hazardous materials, and an induction heating device that vitrifies the treatment product discharged from the plasma melting device main body by induction heating is provided in the plasma melting device main body. The waste disposal system according to any one of 7 to 14, wherein the waste disposal system is provided in a subsequent stage.

16 The waste treatment system is a system for treating waste containing dangerous substances, and inserts a treatment product discharged from the plasma melting apparatus main body into a filling container, and inserts a polymer for dangerous substance encapsulation into the inserted treatment article. The waste treatment system according to any one of 7 to 14, further comprising a filling device that administers and seals the filling container.

[17] The waste disposal system according to any one of [7] to [16], wherein the waste disposal apparatus can be remotely operated by a terminal.

[18] The waste disposal system according to any one of [7] to [17], wherein the waste disposal system is configured to be portable.

  According to the first invention, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention is disposed at a position corresponding to the plasma torch on the furnace bottom, an introduction port for introducing a workpiece to be melted, a plasma torch located at the furnace top, and the plasma torch. Since it is composed of a bottom electrode, a plasma melting furnace composed of a furnace body having an exhaust gas outlet, and a mixed gas introducing device of hydrogen and oxygen connected to the plasma melting furnace, the plasma torch and the bottom electrode In addition to heat generation, the furnace temperature can be efficiently heated by supporting the hydrogen / oxygen gas mixture.

  In particular, as in the conventional plasma melting apparatus, the temperature distribution in the furnace becomes high in the center and becomes lower as it goes toward the furnace wall (or in the case of having a sub-electrode on the furnace wall, between the center and the furnace wall) The temperature unevenness due to the low temperature of the portion is eliminated, and the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can maintain a high temperature uniformly throughout the furnace. Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can maintain high performance even if it is downsized.

  According to the second invention, the waste treatment system of the present invention is equipped with a compact and high-performance plasma melting furnace, so that high-performance melting processing can be performed in a small space without depending on the state of waste. Become.

  1 is a diagram illustrating a plasma melting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.   (A), (b), and (c) are drawings which show an example of the oxygen / hydrogen supply apparatus used for the plasma melting apparatus of this invention, respectively.   It is drawing which shows the structure of the oxygen / hydrogen supply apparatus shown in FIG.   It is drawing which shows an example of the waste treatment system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.   It is drawing which shows the grinding | pulverization apparatus which is an example of the pre-processing apparatus in the waste disposal system shown in FIG.   It is drawing which shows an example of the electric power generation system which is incidental equipment in the waste disposal system shown in FIG.   It is drawing which shows an example which shows the effective utilization of the heat in the waste disposal system shown in FIG.   It is drawing which shows an example which shows the effective utilization of the heat in the waste disposal system shown in FIG.   It is drawing which shows the high frequency induction heating apparatus which is an example of the post-processing apparatus in the waste disposal system shown in FIG.   FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a line in which a processed material, which is an example of a post-processing apparatus in the waste processing system, is sealed in a filling container and covered with a polymer.   It is drawing which shows the example which remote-controls the waste disposal system of this invention.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(First embodiment)
First, the plasma melting apparatus according to the first invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a plasma melting apparatus 1 of the present invention corresponds to an inlet 1 for introducing a processed material to be melted, a plasma torch (main power source) 1 located at the top of the furnace, and a plasma torch at the bottom of the furnace. A melting furnace main body 100 mainly composed of a bottom electrode 12 disposed at a position, an exhaust gas outlet 15, and an oxygen / hydrogen supply device 200 for supplying an oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas to the melting furnace main body 100 through an introduction pipe 2 </ b> A. And mainly consists of

The melting furnace body 1 in the plasma melting apparatus 1 according to the present invention can be appropriately selected from conventionally known plasma melting furnaces and is not particularly limited. However, as shown in FIG. It is preferable to provide the auxiliary electrode 13 on the furnace wall portion.
The plasma melting apparatus 1 thus individualized is a mechanism in which the processed material introduced from the inlet 1 is heated and melted by high-temperature plasma generated between the main power supply 11 and the bottom electrode 12. The heated and melted processed product is separated into an incineration ash layer 18A, a molten ionization layer 18B, and a metal layer 18C, and separated and recovered into a slag recovery unit 19A and a metal recovery unit 19B through a slag discharge port 16 and a metal discharge port 17, respectively. Is done.

  The present invention is characterized in that in such a plasma melting apparatus 100, a predetermined amount of oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is introduced into the melting furnace main body 1 from the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply apparatus 2 through the introduction pipe 2A.

  The oxygen / hydrogen introduction apparatus in the present invention is mainly composed of a water electrolysis apparatus 20 as shown in FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 3, a water electrolysis apparatus is a well-known apparatus that separates water into oxygen and hydrogen by providing an anode and a cathode in water (aqueous electrolyte solution) and applying a predetermined voltage (usually oxygen). 1: Hydrogen 1).

  The oxygen and hydrogen generated at this time can be supplied to the melting furnace main body 1 as an oxygen / hydrogen mixed solution as shown in FIG. 2A, for example. For example, as shown in FIG. Can be stored in the oxygen tank 21A and the hydrogen tank 21B, respectively, and the stored oxygen and hydrogen can be separately mixed and supplied to the melting furnace body 1. Further, as shown in FIG. 2 (c), in addition to oxygen and hydrogen separately stored, concentrated oxygen is separately added by a hydrogen supply source 20 ″ such as an oxygen concentrator PSA 20 ′ or a hydrogen cylinder, etc. It is also possible to add to the main body 1.

  As described above, the present invention is characterized in that the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is supplied into the plasma melting apparatus main body 1 to keep the temperature distribution in the furnace body at a high temperature and uniform.

  In general, the melting furnace body 1 becomes high in temperature between the main electrode 11 and the bottom 12 and becomes lower in temperature toward the furnace wall side. Therefore, although the auxiliary electrode 13 is provided on the furnace wall of the melting apparatus main body 1, it is difficult to make the furnace temperature distribution uniform only by installing the auxiliary electrode 13.

  Therefore, the present invention is characterized in that the furnace temperature is rapidly made uniform by supplying a predetermined amount of oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas to the plasma melting furnace body 1.

  In the present invention, the temperature inside the plasma melting furnace body 1 is lowered when the processed material is introduced from the inlet 14, and temperature unevenness occurs in the furnace. At that time, by introducing a predetermined amount of oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas, the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas acts as a combustion aid, and the furnace temperature can be made uniform.

  In general, the oxygen / hydrogen gas mixture in the oxygen / hydrogen gas mixed gas supply apparatus according to the present invention has an oxygen / hydrogen mixture ratio (molar ratio, the same applies hereinafter) of 1: 2. In order to prevent generation, the amount of hydrogen can be excessive (usually 1: 4 to 5).

  The oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas spontaneously burns when the temperature reaches the ignition point. A mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen of 1: 2 (hydrogen explosion gas) has an ignition point of about 570 ° C. at normal pressure. The minimum spark energy required to ignite such a gas mixture is about 20 microjoules. At normal temperature and pressure, oxyhydrogen gas is combustible when hydrogen occupies 4% to 95% of the volume.

  Once ignited, the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is converted into water vapor by an exothermic reaction, and the reaction is continued by the exotherm. It generates 241.8 kJ of energy (low calorific value) per 1 mol of hydrogen burned. The amount of thermal energy generated is not affected by the type of combustion, but the flame temperature changes. When the composition of oxygen and hydrogen is adjusted precisely, the flame reaches a maximum of about 2800 ° C., which is 700 ° C. higher than when hydrogen gas is burned in the atmosphere. When the mixing ratio is not 2: 1 or when an inert gas such as nitrogen is mixed, the temperature is lowered because heat diffuses to a larger volume.

  In the furnace of the plasma melting apparatus 100 according to the present invention, the composition of the processed material, for example, waste, is not constant, so the oxygen: hydrogen ratio during the melting processing is not constant. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the hydrogen: oxygen ratio is adjusted by changing the amount of oxygen: hydrogen added so that the oxygen: hydrogen ratio in the furnace approaches 2: 1.

  The oxygen: hydrogen mixing ratio is adjusted, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (b) or preferably FIG. 2 (c), in which oxygen gas and hydrogen gas are stored separately and mixed at a predetermined mixing ratio before plasma melting It can be implemented by introducing it into the apparatus main body 100.

  In order to bring the oxygen / hydrogen mixing ratio in the furnace of the plasma melting furnace main body 100 close to 2: 1, it is important to monitor the furnace temperature (temperature distribution). In order to monitor the furnace temperature, the plasma melting furnace body 1 is preferably provided with a temperature measuring means (not shown) at a predetermined location. As the temperature measuring means, an infrared pyrometry camera, a thermocouple, particularly a metal carbon-based thermocouple can be used. By using these, the temperature in the furnace can be monitored.

  In addition to the mixing ratio of oxygen and hydrogen, the supply amount of oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is also an important factor. That is, if the introduction amount of the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is small, the auxiliary combustion action by the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is not sufficient, and if it is too large, the consumption amount of the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is wasted.

  By changing the ratio and the supply amount of such oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas and, in particular, by introducing the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas apparatus 2 into the plasma melting furnace main body 1 in accordance with the change state of the furnace temperature, It is possible to keep the furnace temperature appropriately following the changes in the furnace environment at the time of charging.

  As described above, the plasma melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention can keep the furnace temperature high and uniform quickly and efficiently following changes in the furnace conditions. It is possible to increase the processing amount with respect to the internal capacity. Therefore, a large amount of processed material can be processed with the same internal volume. Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can be downsized. Moreover, since the furnace temperature can always be kept constant at a high temperature, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can perform a stable treatment.

  Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used for continuously introducing treated materials or treating wastes with unstable compositions, particularly so-called municipal waste. It becomes.

  2 (b) and 2 (c), an oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas is added to the combustion system (for example, a thermal decomposition apparatus, a combustion furnace) so that the oxygen: hydrogen mixing ratio in the combustion system becomes 1; 2. The device that supplies is new. Therefore, the present invention is extended to an apparatus for supplying such an oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas and a combustion system including the apparatus.

(Waste treatment system)
Next, a waste disposal system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  A waste disposal system 1000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 is a system mainly composed of the plasma melting apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment described above. In addition, although the waste processing system shown in FIG. 4 has illustrated the system which processes wastes, such as a city garbage, this invention is not limited to this. The waste in the present invention means that in addition to so-called municipal waste, it includes general waste, organic matter (sludge, waste, etc.), incineration ash, inorganic waste, low-level radioactive waste, etc. Those skilled in the art will understand that the pre-treatment device at the front stage and the post-treatment device at the rear stage are appropriately changed according to these processed products.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the waste treatment system 1000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is preliminarily processed by a pretreatment device (a crusher 201, a drying device 202, a waste supply device 203) for pretreating waste. The treated waste is put into the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention for treatment.

  In this case, the pretreatment devices 201, 202, and 203 may be conventionally known devices, and are preliminarily processed to a predetermined size (for example, 10 mm or less) with a predetermined moisture content.

  At this time, the crusher 201 shown in FIG. 5 is preferable in order to enable continuous operation. The crusher shown in FIG. 5 includes a cylindrical device main body 201A, a waste input port 201B provided on the upper side surface of the device main body, and a pressing device 201C for pressing downward on the top of the device main body by a stroke. (For example, an air cylinder) and a pressing device 201C are connected to the pressing device 201C, and a pressing disk 201D fitted to the device main body 201A that pushes the waste introduced into the device main body 201A downward by the pressing device 201C, and a blade at the bottom of the device main body 201A It is preferable to include a rotary cutting device 201E (rotated by a motor 201D) to which is attached.

  If comprised in this way, the waste thrown in from the waste input port 201B can be cut | disconnected by a one-stroke to a predetermined dimension by rotation of the rotary cutting device 201E as a waste material goes to the arrow downward direction by a press means. Accordingly, it is possible to cut the waste into a predetermined size in a space-saving manner.

  In the case where the size of the waste is considerably large or the waste is assumed to include a large size waste, it is also effective to roughly pulverize by a known method.

  In addition, the cylindrical device main body 201A, the waste input port 201B provided on the upper side surface of the device main body, and a pressing device 201C (for example, an air pressure device) for pressing downward on the top of the device main body by a stroke. Cylinder) and a pressing device 201C, and a pressing disk 201D that pushes down the waste put into the device main body 201A by the pressing device 201C, a rotary cutting device 201E with a blade attached to the bottom of the device main body 201A, The waste pre-treatment device with is new. Therefore, the present invention extends to such a pretreatment device and a waste treatment system including the same.

  The waste thus adjusted to a predetermined size is dried by the dryer 202 until the predetermined moisture content is reached, and then melted by the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention. At this time, the treatment water (slag, etc.) and the cooling water 204 for cooling the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention are oxygen / hydrogen constituted by the electrolysis apparatus for generating the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas of the present invention. It is preferably used as a water source for the hydrogen mixed gas.

  Thus, the processed material processed by the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention is recovered as slag by the slag recovery unit. In addition, the exhaust gas generated during processing by the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention and the exhaust gas generated when drying by the dryer 202 are heat-exchanged by the heat exchanger 301, and then the exhaust gas processing apparatus 302 and the adsorption tower 303. It is exhausted through.

  The exhaust gas treatment apparatus 302 used at this time is also preferably a plasma melting apparatus of the present invention or a known one.

  Since the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention according to the second embodiment configured as described above is mainly composed of the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the waste that is the treated material with a very high throughput. It is possible to process uniformly. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a portable system or a space-saving processing system mounted on a container or the like.

  The exhaust heat generated in the system 1000 can be converted into electric power by a conventionally known power generation system 304, or can be effectively used after the exhaust heat is stored in a heat storage device.

  FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration in the case where exhaust heat generated in the system 1000 of the present invention is used for power generation.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the power generation system includes a heat storage system 304A and a heat storage device 304C, a heat storage system composed of a heat transport line 30B that transports heat between the heat collection furnace 304A and the heat storage device 304C, and a heat storage device 304C. And a power generation system that generates power using the heat stored in the unit.

  The power generation system mainly includes a piston motor 304D, a cooling device 304G, a heat storage device 304C, and a circulation gas (non-combustible gas having a high expansion coefficient) circulating between them (gas circulation line 304D). The pressure (for example, 0.5 Mpa) by the circulating gas heated and expanded by 304C is converted into a rotational force by the piston motor 304D and the generator 304E generates power. In addition, it is preferable to set it as the structure which increases a rotation speed via the speed increasing apparatus which is not shown in figure between piston motor 304D and the generator 304E.

  The circulating gas used for power generation in this way is cooled by the cooling device 304G (for example, 0.05 Mpa) and heated again by the heat storage device 304C. Thus, the power generation system of the present invention is a novel power generation system based on the differential pressure of the circulating gas, and the present invention is extended to such a power generation system.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, in the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the plasma melting apparatus 100 can be effectively used not only for power generation but also in a wide variety.

  For example, as shown in FIG. 7, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the plasma melting apparatus 100 collects heat in the heat collecting furnace 300A and stores the heat in the heat storage apparatus 300C as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It can be used for hot water supply systems.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 8, the high-temperature exhaust gas discharged from the plasma melting apparatus 100 is used to dry the waste, and then is collected in the heat collecting furnace 300 </ b> A as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It stores heat at 300C and can be used for power generation and hot water supply systems.

  Thus, it is novel to use the exhaust heat from the waste heat treatment apparatus such as the plasma melting apparatus 100 as a heat source for drying the dryer 202 on the pretreatment side. Thus, the present invention extends to such a drying system.

(Third embodiment)
Next, an application example of the waste treatment system shown in FIG. 4 will be described based on FIGS. 9 and 10.
The system shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 is a system for processing the waste (slag) processed by the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention into a safer form in the waste processing system 1000 shown in FIG. It is a system for processing waste containing low-level radiation, transformers containing PCB, and the like.

  The apparatus illustrated in FIG. 9 represents a low temperature induction superheat treatment apparatus 400 that induces and superheats slag discharged from the slag discharge port 16 of the plasma melting apparatus 100 by low temperature induction heating. The induction overheat treatment apparatus 400 is an apparatus that is incorporated in the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention shown in FIG. 4 and further vitrifies the treated waste to treat it in a safe form.

  Therefore, the low-temperature induction superheat apparatus of the present invention is provided on the upper side of the heat-resistant induction superheater main body 401, and includes a waste input port 402 for supplying slag from the slag discharge port 16 of the plasma melting apparatus 100, An oxygen inlet 403 provided on the upper side of the induction superheater body 401 for introducing oxygen into the induction coil, an induction coil 404 for induction heating of the slag, and a treatment product for discharging the slag vitrified by induction superheat treatment This is a known induction overheat apparatus mainly composed of an outlet 405. Note that oxygen introduced into the oxygen inlet 403 may be a separate oxygen concentrator such as PSA, but preferably the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply device 20 shown in FIG. 2, more preferably FIG. 2 (b). Or it supplies from the oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply apparatus 20 shown in FIG.2 (c).

  In the present invention, by providing such a low-temperature induction superheat treatment 400 in the subsequent stage of the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the waste treatment system 1000 shown in FIG. 4, even when dangerous substances such as radioactive substances are contained in the waste. It becomes possible to safely vitrify and enclose radioactive substances.

  Similarly to the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the system shown in FIG. 10 is a system for safely processing radioactive waste and the like by being incorporated in the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention shown in FIG. 4, and the system shown in FIG. In this case, the treated slag is filled in a filling container, and is covered and sealed with a polymer having a radioactive blocking property, so that the radioactivity is not leaked to the outside.

  More specifically, the waste treatment system 1000 includes a screw-type raw material supply device 502 having a treatment product introduction tower 501 for introducing slag, which is a treatment product discharged from the discharge port 16 of the plasma melting apparatus 100, and a screw. The container supply device 503 having a container supply device 503 ′ for transporting the filling container C to the automatic material supply device via the automatic opening / closing door D1, and the automatic opening / closing door D1 of the filling container filled with slag by the screw-type raw material supply device From a capping line 506 comprising a polymer filling line 505 for filling the coating polymer to be conveyed through the container and a capper 506 'for capping the lid C' to the filling container C filled with the polymer. It is configured.

  As such a coating polymer, there is a two-component polymer coating agent sold by GGI Japan under the trade name of GGI polymer coating. This GGI polymer coating agent does not discharge radioactivity from the coating by coating the surface of the treatment such as slag.

  Therefore, for example, since the entire surface of the radioactive waste plasma-treated by the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention is coated with the polymer, the radioactivity does not leak from the filling container C filled with the treated waste.

  As described above, in the waste treatment system of the present invention, waste containing hazardous materials such as radioactive waste treated with the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention is treated with a low temperature induction superheat treatment apparatus (see FIG. 9) or a treatment filling line. By filling the container with a polymer and coating with a polymer, there is an advantage that dangerous substances such as radioactivity do not flow out of the system.

  As mentioned above, although embodiment of this invention was described based on the accompanying drawing, this invention is not limited to these embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG. 11, a control signal in the waste disposal system shown in FIG. 4 is communicated between the control box CB and the main server S, and this is transmitted via a network network (for example, WIFI or 3G) such as the Internet. It is also within the scope of the present invention to remotely control the mobile phone, smart phone, information terminal, personal computer or the like or monitor the operation status.

  The plasma melting apparatus of the present invention is very compact and has a high processing capacity, so that it can be mounted on, for example, a 20-foot or 40-foot container, or a predetermined unit (for example, a pretreatment line, a plasma melting system, and an exhaust gas treatment line). ) Can be installed in a container and connected as a unit type or a portable system.

  As described above, the plasma melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention can keep the furnace temperature high and uniform quickly and efficiently following changes in the furnace conditions. It is possible to increase the processing amount with respect to the internal capacity. Therefore, a large amount of processed material can be processed with the same internal volume. Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can be downsized. Moreover, since the furnace temperature can always be kept constant at a high temperature, the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention can perform a stable treatment.

  Therefore, the plasma melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention can be suitably used for continuously introducing treated materials or treating wastes with unstable compositions, particularly so-called municipal waste. It becomes.

  Since the waste treatment system 1000 of the present invention according to the second embodiment configured as described above is mainly composed of the plasma melting apparatus 100 of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the size of the waste that is the treated material with a very high throughput. It is possible to process uniformly. Therefore, it can be effectively used as a portable system or a space-saving processing system mounted on a container or the like.

  As described above, in the waste treatment system of the present invention, waste containing hazardous materials such as radioactive waste treated with the plasma melting apparatus of the present invention is treated with a low temperature induction superheat treatment apparatus (see FIG. 9) or a treatment filling line. By filling the container with a polymer and coating with a polymer, there is an advantage that dangerous substances such as radioactivity do not flow out of the system.

1 Melting furnace body 1
2 Oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply device 11 Main electrode 12 Bottom electrode 13 Auxiliary electrode 14 Inlet 15 Exhaust gas outlet 16 Slag outlet 17 Metal outlet 20 Electrolyzer 20 'PSA
20 ”Hydrogen source 21A Oxygen tank 22A Hydrogen tank 100 Plasma melting device 201 Crusher 202 Electromagnetic hot air dryer 203 Waste supply device 301 Heat exchanger 302 Exhaust gas treatment device 303 Adsorption tower

Claims (18)

An inlet for introducing a processed material to be melted;
A plasma torch located at the top of the furnace,
A bottom electrode disposed at a position corresponding to the plasma torch on the furnace bottom;
A plasma melting apparatus body comprising a furnace body having an exhaust gas outlet;
Plasma melting characterized by comprising an oxygen / hydrogen mixed gas supply device connected to a furnace body of the plasma melting apparatus main body and supplying a mixed gas of hydrogen and oxygen into the furnace body of the plasma melting apparatus apparatus.   2. The plasma melting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas supply device includes an electrolysis device that generates hydrogen and oxygen by electrolysis of water. 3.   3. The plasma melting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the mixed gas supply device changes a mixing ratio and an inflow amount of the hydrogen and oxygen based on a furnace temperature and a content of a processed material. .   The plasma melting apparatus main body has a temperature distribution measuring device that displays a temperature distribution in the furnace body, and supplies the mixing ratio and the inflow amount of the hydrogen and oxygen based on the temperature distribution of the road body. The plasma melting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the apparatus is a plasma melting apparatus.   The mixed gas supply device supplies a mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen at a ratio of oxygen and hydrogen such that a molar ratio of oxygen and hydrogen in the plasma melting apparatus main body approaches 1: 2. The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The mixed gas supply device includes storage containers for separately storing the generated oxygen and hydrogen, and supplies a necessary amount of oxygen and hydrogen mixed from the storage containers. The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5. A waste treatment system including a plasma melting device,
The plasma melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A pretreatment device arranged at the inlet of the plasma melting device for optimizing the processing in the plasma melting device;
An exhaust gas treatment device for treating the exhaust gas generated in the plasma melting device;
A waste treatment system comprising:   8. The waste treatment system according to claim 7, wherein the exhaust gas treatment device includes a plasma melting device. The pretreatment device is a cylindrical device body;
A waste input port provided on the upper side surface of the apparatus body;
A pressing device for pressing downward on the top of the device body by a stroke;
A pressing disk that is connected to the pressing device and presses the waste that has been thrown into the device main body by the pressing device;
A rotary cutting device having a blade attached to the bottom of the device body;
The waste disposal system according to claim 7 or 8, further comprising:   The waste treatment system according to any one of claims 7 to 9, further comprising heat storage means for recovering exhaust heat from the apparatus main body.   The heat storage means collects exhaust heat from the apparatus main body, a heat storage apparatus that stores heat from the heat collection furnace, and heat supplied from the heat storage furnace to the heat storage apparatus. The waste treatment system according to claim 10, comprising a heat circulation line including a heat transport medium that circulates between the heat collecting furnace and the heat storage device.   The waste heat treatment system according to claim 11, wherein the heat storage device includes a power generation system, a hot water supply system, or both for generating power using heat stored in the heat storage device as a secondary side.   The power generation system is mainly composed of a piston motor, a cooling device, the heat storage device, and a circulating gas passage circulating between them, and the pressure of the circulating gas heated and expanded by the heat storage device is the piston. 13. The waste treatment system according to claim 12, wherein the waste treatment system has a configuration that is converted into a rotational force by a motor and generates power by the generator.   The waste treatment system according to any one of claims 7 to 13, wherein the pretreatment device is a drying device that dries a treatment object by heat of exhaust gas exhausted from the device main body.   The waste treatment system is a system for treating waste containing dangerous substances, and an induction heating device for vitrifying the treated material discharged from the plasma melting device main body by induction heating is a latter stage of the plasma melting device main body. The waste disposal system according to any one of claims 7 to 14, wherein the waste disposal system is provided.   The waste processing system is a system for processing waste containing hazardous materials, and the processed material discharged from the main body of the plasma melting apparatus is inserted into a filling container, and a polymer for enclosing dangerous materials is administered to the inserted processed material. The waste disposal system according to claim 7, further comprising a filling device that seals the filling container.   The waste disposal system according to any one of claims 7 to 16, wherein the waste disposal apparatus can be remotely operated by a terminal.   The waste disposal system according to any one of claims 7 to 17, wherein the waste disposal system is configured to be portable.

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