CN114716133A - Multi-heat-source coupling melting device and method - Google Patents
Multi-heat-source coupling melting device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114716133A CN114716133A CN202210420165.9A CN202210420165A CN114716133A CN 114716133 A CN114716133 A CN 114716133A CN 202210420165 A CN202210420165 A CN 202210420165A CN 114716133 A CN114716133 A CN 114716133A
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007499 fusion processing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 10
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004127 vitreous body Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000289 melt material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010128 melt processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C1/00—Ingredients generally applicable to manufacture of glasses, glazes, or vitreous enamels
- C03C1/002—Use of waste materials, e.g. slags
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B14/00—Use of inorganic materials as fillers, e.g. pigments, for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of inorganic materials specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B14/02—Granular materials, e.g. microballoons
- C04B14/04—Silica-rich materials; Silicates
- C04B14/22—Glass ; Devitrified glass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-heat-source coupling melting device and method for solid waste treatment. A multi-heat source coupling melting device is characterized in that a gasification chamber is arranged at the upper part of the device, a combustion chamber is arranged at the middle part of the device, and a melting pool is arranged at the lower part of the device; the gasification chamber and the melting tank are cylindrical; the top of the gasification chamber is provided with an exhaust port; a feeding screw is arranged outside the gasification chamber; a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber; a combustor and a plasma torch are arranged in the combustion chamber; the bottom of the melting tank is provided with a heating electrode and a discharge hole. A multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method adopts the multi-heat source coupling melting device to treat solid wastes. The multi-heat-source coupling melting device adopts the plasma torch, the electrode and the burner to heat in a coordinated manner, so that the stability of the operation of the device is improved, the internal temperature distribution of the device is improved, the melting efficiency and the system stability are improved, the wall surface corrosion is reduced, the productivity is improved, and the operation cost is obviously reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a multi-heat-source coupling melting device and method.
Background
The reduction of the organic components of general hazardous wastes is realized by burning and removing the organic components in a rotary kiln, and after burning, ash contains excessive heavy metals and other harmful substances, which are easy to lose when meeting water and enter soil and underground water, so that the hazardous wastes need to be stably solidified. At present, the stabilization is generally carried out by adding a chelating agent into cement to seal and store dangerous waste ash, but researches show that the leaching toxicity of heavy metals is possibly out of standard after years. The main component of the ash is generally harmless compounds of elements such as silicon, calcium, aluminum and the like, and the ash has higher stability after being melted and vitrified, thereby becoming an important direction for harmless treatment of hazardous wastes. The ash is heated to above 1400 ℃ by adopting a high-temperature melting mode to be melted into a vitreous body, heavy metals are solidified in the vitreous body, and the stability is superior to that of cement solidification.
However, the plasma torch high-temperature melting mode adopted by the prior art has high energy consumption, low productivity, unstable operation and serious erosion; the temperature of the plasma furnace reaches above 1400 ℃, and a large amount of NO is easily generatedx(ii) a Volatile salt is in a gas phase state at high temperature and enters subsequent equipment such as a secondary combustion chamber, a quench tower and the like to cause corrosion and blockage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems of high energy consumption, low productivity and serious erosion of a plasma torch high-temperature melting mode in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a multi-heat-source coupling melting device, and aims to provide a multi-heat-source coupling melting treatment method and a vitrification treatment product applied to building materials.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention provides a multi-heat-source coupling melting device, wherein the upper part of the device is a gasification chamber, the middle part of the device is a combustion chamber, and the lower part of the device is a melting pool; the gasification chamber and the melting tank are cylindrical; the top of the gasification chamber is provided with an exhaust port; a feeding screw is arranged outside the gasification chamber; a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber; a combustor and a plasma torch are arranged in the combustion chamber; the bottom of the melting tank is provided with a heating electrode and a discharge hole.
Preferably, the multi-heat source coupling melting device is provided with a moving bed structure inside the gasification chamber.
Preferably, the multiple heat sources are coupled with the melting device, and the exhaust port is provided with a temperature detection device.
Preferably, the multiple heat sources are coupled with the melting device, and the exhaust port is provided with a pressure detection device.
Preferably, the multi-heat-source coupling melting device is provided with an observation port on the outer side surface of the upper part of the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the multi-heat-source coupling melting device is provided with an exhaust port on the outer side surface of the upper part of the combustion chamber.
Preferably, the multiple heat sources are coupled with the melting device, and the combustion chamber is provided with a pressure detection device.
Preferably, the multiple heat sources are coupled with the melting device, and the combustion chamber is provided with a temperature detection device.
Preferably, the multi-heat-source coupling melting device is provided with a combustion machine which is arranged obliquely downwards; the central axis of the burner forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the burner and the tangent of the circle outside the combustion chamber form an included angle of 50-85 degrees.
Preferably, the number of the burners is 2-6; further preferably, the number of the combustion engines is 2-4; still further preferably, the number of the burners is 2; the combustor can further improve the efficiency and reduce NO by adopting an oxygen-enriched combustion technologyxAnd (5) discharging.
Preferably, the multi-heat source coupling melting device is provided with a plasma torch which is arranged obliquely downwards; the central axis of the plasma torch forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane.
Preferably, the plasma torch and the tangent of the circle outside the combustion chamber form an included angle of 60-85 degrees.
Preferably, the number of the plasma torches is 2-6; further preferably, the number of plasma torches is 2 to 4; still further preferably, there are 2 plasma torches.
Preferably, the plasma torch and the burner are arranged at intervals, and the plasma torch and the burner are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the melting pool at equal angles.
Preferably, the multi-heat-source coupling melting device is characterized in that a heating electrode is arranged at the center of the bottom of the melting pool, the heating electrodes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting pool, and the area of a circular area surrounded by the heating electrodes arranged on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting pool accounts for 0.5-0.75 of the area of the bottom of the melting pool; more preferably, the area of a circular region surrounded by the heating electrodes arranged on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting tank accounts for two thirds of the area of the bottom of the melting tank.
Further preferably, 2-6 heating electrodes are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting pool of the multi-heat-source coupling melting device.
Preferably, the melting device with multiple heat sources is provided with a temperature detection device at the upper part, the middle part and the lower part of the melting pool respectively.
Preferably, the bottom of the melting pool forms an included angle of 3-20 degrees with the horizontal plane in the multi-heat-source coupling melting device.
Preferably, the multiple heat sources are coupled with the melting device, and the discharge port is provided with a temperature detection device.
The invention provides a multi-heat-source coupling melting treatment method, which is used for treating solid waste by using the multi-heat-source coupling melting device and comprises the following steps:
the solid waste material to be treated enters a gasification chamber through a feeding screw for gasification treatment and then enters a combustion chamber; heating and melting the mixture in a combustion chamber and a melting pool through a plasma torch, a burner and a heating electrode, and finally discharging vitrified products from a discharge hole at the bottom of the melting pool.
Preferably, the temperature of the flue gas entering the exhaust port of the gasification chamber is 550-650 ℃ in the multi-heat-source coupling fusion treatment method.
Preferably, the temperature of the solid waste material entering the combustion chamber from the gasification chamber is more than or equal to 900 ℃.
Preferably, in the multi-heat-source coupling melting treatment method, a circular area surrounded by the heating electrodes in the melting pool is a hot area, and the temperature of the hot area is 1400-1600 ℃.
Preferably, in the multi-heat-source coupling melting treatment method, a cold area is arranged outside a circular area surrounded by the heating electrodes in the melting pool, and the temperature of the cold area is 1200-1400 ℃.
Preferably, in the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method, the pressure of the outlet of the gasification chamber is-2 kPa to 0 kPa.
Preferably, the pressure of the combustion chamber of the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method is-0.2 kPa-0 kPa.
Preferably, the combustion chamber temperature of the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method is 900-1200 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the upper part of the melting tank is 1100-1300 ℃.
Preferably, the middle temperature of the melting pool is 1200-1400 ℃ in the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method.
Preferably, the bottom temperature of the melting tank is 1100-1300 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the discharge port of the multi-heat-source coupling melting treatment method is 1200-1400 ℃.
The third aspect of the invention provides an application of a vitrification treatment product in building materials, wherein the vitrification treatment product is obtained after the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method is used for treating solid wastes; the building material is baking-free brick.
Further preferably, the application of the vitrified product in building materials is that the baking-free brick comprises the following preparation raw materials in parts by mass: 6-8 parts of vitrification products, 0.5-2 parts of cement and 1-3 parts of clay.
The baking-free brick prepared from the vitrification treatment product obtained by the treatment of the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method has the advantages of simple process and high strength, and can realize the resource utilization of solid wastes.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the multi-heat-source coupling melting device adopts the plasma torch, the electrode and the burner to heat in a coordinated manner, so that the stability of the operation of the device is improved, the internal temperature distribution of the device is improved, the melting efficiency and the system stability are improved, the wall surface corrosion is reduced, the productivity is improved, and the operation cost is obviously reduced.
The arrangement structure of the plasma torch, the electrode and the burner ensures that the airflow impact is matched with the thermal convection generated by heating the electrode, so that the thermal convection of the slurry pool is accelerated, and the slurry pool is heated more quickly and uniformly; the arrangement structure of the plasma torch, the electrode and the burner ensures that a melting pool forms a middle area hot area, the edge of the furnace wall is a cold area, materials in the cold area descend, the position of the electrode in the middle area is a hot area, and the materials float upwards; the top plasma torch is locally heated, the temperature of a heating point is highest, the surface tension is minimum, and liquid flows to a cold end with larger surface tension; therefore, heat flow circulation is constructed, heat convection in the furnace is promoted, the heat transfer coefficient is increased, the temperature is more uniform, the material is rapidly heated, and the productivity of the device is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a multi-heat source coupled fusion apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the plasma torch, the burner and the heating electrode.
Figures 1-2 are numbered:
100-gasification chamber, 110-first exhaust port, 120-feeding screw, 130-moving bed, 140-grate, 200-combustion chamber, 210-second exhaust port, 220-plasma torch, 230-observation port, 240-combustion machine, 300-molten pool, 310-heating electrode, 320-discharge port.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below, and the embodiments described by referring to the drawings are exemplary only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples.
The starting materials, reagents or equipment used in the examples are, unless otherwise specified, either conventionally commercially available or may be obtained by methods known in the art.
As shown in FIG. 1, a multi-heat source coupled melting apparatus has a gasification chamber 100 at the upper part, a combustion chamber 200 at the middle part, and a melting pool 300 at the lower part.
The combustion chamber 200 includes a plasma torch 220, a burner 240; in some embodiments of the invention, the combustion chamber 200 further comprises a second exhaust port 210 and a viewing port 230.
The molten pool 300 includes a heating electrode 310 and a discharge port 320.
A multi-heat-source coupled melting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-2.
A multi-heat source coupling melting device comprises a gasification chamber 100 at the upper part, a combustion chamber 200 at the middle part and a melting pool 300 at the lower part; the gasification chamber 100 and the melting tank 300 are both cylindrical structures, and the diameter of the melting tank 300 is larger than that of the gasification chamber 100; gasification chamber 100 includes first exhaust port 110, feed screw 120, moving bed 130, grate 140; the feeding screw 120 is used for conveying solid waste materials, and the flue gas of the gasification chamber 100 is discharged outside through the first exhaust port 110; the combustion chamber 200 comprises a second exhaust port 210, a plasma torch 220, a viewing port 230, a burner 240; the molten pool 300 includes a heating electrode 310, a discharge port 320; the plasma torch 220 is obliquely arranged downwards, the central axis of the plasma torch 220 forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the plasma torch 220 forms an included angle of 60-85 degrees with the excircle tangent of the combustion chamber 200; the burner 240 is arranged obliquely downward; the central axis of the burner 240 forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the burner 240 forms an included angle of 50-85 degrees with the excircle tangent of the combustion chamber 200; as shown in fig. 2, the plasma torches 220 and the burners 240 are arranged at intervals, the plasma torches 220 and the burners 240 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the combustion chamber 200 at equal angles, the number of the plasma torches 220 is two, and the number of the burners 240 is two; the arrangement of the plasma torch 220 and the burner 240 is favorable for forming rotational flow and driving the slurry in the melting tank 300 to rotate, and the plasma torch 220 is used for high-temperature heating to rapidly melt materials or supplement heat in the furnace; a heating electrode 310 is arranged at the central position of the bottom of the melting tank 300, 4 heating electrodes 310 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting tank 300, the area of a circular area surrounded by the heating electrodes 310 arranged on the periphery of the center of the bottom of the melting tank 300 accounts for two thirds of the area of the bottom of the melting tank 300, the heating electrodes 310 are used as main heat sources in a high-temperature interval to avoid being close to the wall surface, and a main heating area is the center of the melting tank 300; the bottom of the molten pool 300 is at an angle of 3-20 degrees to the horizontal for discharge of the molten slurry.
A multi-heat source coupled melt processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-2.
Solid waste materials to be treated enter a moving bed 130 of a gasification chamber 100 through a feeding screw 120, the solid waste materials of the moving bed 130 are heated and gasified by using high-temperature flue gas at the lower part, the materials and the high-temperature flue gas fully exchange heat in the gasification chamber 100, the temperature at the top of the gasification chamber 100 is about 600 ℃, the pressure of a first exhaust port 110 is-2 kPa-0 kPa, and the temperature at the bottom of the gasification chamber 100 is not less than 900 ℃; the materials in the gasification chamber 100 enter a combustion chamber 200 through a grate 140, the pressure of the combustion chamber 200 is-0.2 kPa-0 kPa, the temperature of the combustion chamber 200 is 900 ℃ -1200 ℃, the lower part of the combustion chamber 200 is a melting pool 300, and the materials are heated by a plasma torch 220, a burner 240 and a heating electrode 310 in the melting pool 300; a hot zone is arranged in a circular area surrounded by the heating electrode 310 in the melting pool 300, and the temperature of the hot zone is 1400-1600 ℃; the outside of a circular area surrounded by the heating electrode 310 in the melting pool 300 is a cold area, the temperature of the cold area is 1200-1400 ℃, the temperature of the upper part of the melting pool 300 is 1100-1300 ℃, the temperature of the middle part of the melting pool 300 is 1200-1400 ℃, and the temperature of the bottom of the melting pool 300 is 1100-1300 ℃; discharging a vitrification treatment product from a discharge port 320 of the melting tank 300, wherein the temperature of the discharge port 320 is 1200-1400 ℃.
The content of harmful substances in the molten state vitrification products discharged from the discharge port 320 meets the requirement of GB/T41015-.
Example 1
The height of the multi-heat-source coupling melting device is 2m, the inner diameter of a melting pool is 1000mm, the height of the melting pool is 500mm, 4 electrodes uniformly distributed on the periphery of the bottom of the melting device are connected with a live wire, the working rated voltage is 90V, the rated current is 300A, a bottom center electrode is connected with a zero line, the rated voltage is 0V, and the rated current is 1200A. Two burners are uniformly distributed in the combustion chamber, and the power of each burner is 100 kW; two plasma torches are uniformly distributed in the combustion chamber, and the power of the plasma torches is 100 kW. The temperature of the slurry in the melting tank is controlled to be 1400-1550 ℃, and the temperature of the slurry at the outlet is controlled to be 1250-1300 ℃. The melting apparatus of this example was rated for a heat load of 310kW and had a thermal efficiency of 66 to 75%. The treatment capacity of the ash after the incineration of the hazardous waste is 120kg/h by using the embodiment, and a vitrification treatment product is obtained.
The vitrified product is used for preparing baking-free bricks, and the baking-free bricks comprise the following preparation raw materials in parts by mass: 7 parts of vitrification treatment product, 1 part of cement and 2 parts of clay; the compression strength of the baking-free brick prepared by pressing the raw materials by a standard brick making machine within 7 days is 7.25-49.6 MPa.
According to the multi-heat-source coupling melting device, the gasification chamber is arranged above the melting pool, and the flue gas passes through the cold-state material, so that on one hand, volatile matters are cooled and separated out, and therefore ash content in a flue gas treatment system is reduced; meanwhile, the materials are heated to take away the moisture, and the heat of the flue gas is fully utilized, so that the energy consumption is reduced.
The invention adopts the plasma torch coupled heating electrode to heat the solid wastes, and the plasma torch heating is compared with the electrode heatingThe plasma torch heating is heat exchange between high-temperature gas and materials, the tail gas temperature is higher than that of slurry (more than 1300 ℃), the electrode heating is heat exchange between the high-temperature slurry and the electrode, corresponding tail gas heat loss does not exist, the plasma torch heating efficiency is 30-40%, and the electrode heating efficiency can reach 60-80%. The gas-liquid heat exchange interface of the plasma torch is the surface of the slurry pool, the productivity depends on the sectional area of the furnace, and the maximum productivity generally reaches 100 kg/(m)2H), the electrode heating is realized by taking the slurry as a heating conductor without being limited by the sectional area, the efficiency is further improved by increasing and increasing the electrodes, the solid waste is treated by utilizing the multi-heat-source coupling melting device, and the capacity can reach 200 kg/(m)2H) above.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-heat source coupling melting device is characterized in that the upper part of the device is a gasification chamber, the middle part of the device is a combustion chamber, and the lower part of the device is a melting pool; the gasification chamber and the melting tank are cylindrical; the top of the gasification chamber is provided with an exhaust port; a feeding screw is arranged on the outer side surface of the gasification chamber; a fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the gasification chamber; a combustor and a plasma torch are arranged in the combustion chamber; and a heating electrode and a discharge hole are arranged at the bottom of the melting tank.
2. A multi-heat-source-coupled melting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burners are arranged diagonally downward; the central axis of the burner forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane.
3. A multi-heat-source coupled melting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the burner is angled at 50 ° -85 ° from the tangent of the circle outside the combustion chamber.
4. A multi-heat-source-coupled melting device as recited in claim 1, wherein the plasma torch is disposed diagonally downward; the central axis of the plasma torch forms an included angle of 5-30 degrees with the horizontal plane.
5. A multi-heat-source coupled melting apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plasma torch is angled at 60 ° -85 ° from the tangent to the outside of the combustion chamber.
6. A multi-heat-source coupled melting device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heating electrodes are disposed at the central position of the bottom of the melting tank, the heating electrodes are uniformly distributed at the periphery of the central position of the bottom of the melting tank, and the area of the circular region surrounded by the heating electrodes disposed at the periphery of the central position of the bottom of the melting tank accounts for 0.5-0.75 of the area of the bottom of the melting tank.
7. A multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method, which is characterized in that the multi-heat source coupling melting device of any one of claims 1 to 6 is used for treating solid waste, and comprises the following steps:
the solid waste material to be treated enters a gasification chamber through a feeding screw for gasification treatment and then enters a combustion chamber; heating and melting the mixture in a combustion chamber and a melting pool through a plasma torch, a burner and a heating electrode, and finally discharging vitrified products from a discharge hole at the bottom of the melting pool.
8. A multi-heat-source coupled smelting process as claimed in claim 7, wherein the temperature of the solid waste material entering the combustion chamber from the gasification chamber is greater than or equal to 900 ℃.
9. A multi-heat-source coupled fusion processing method as claimed in claim 7, wherein a circular region surrounded by the heating electrodes in the fusion pool is a hot zone, and the temperature of the hot zone is 1400 ℃ to 1600 ℃; the outside of a circular area surrounded by the heating electrodes in the melting pool is a cold area, and the temperature of the cold area is 1200-1400 ℃.
10. The application of the vitrification treatment product in building materials is characterized in that the vitrification treatment product is obtained after solid wastes are treated by the multi-heat source coupling melting treatment method as claimed in claim 7; the building material is baking-free bricks.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210420165.9A CN114716133B (en) | 2022-04-21 | Multi-heat source coupling melting device and method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210420165.9A CN114716133B (en) | 2022-04-21 | Multi-heat source coupling melting device and method |
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