CN111336526A - Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace - Google Patents
Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111336526A CN111336526A CN202010244989.6A CN202010244989A CN111336526A CN 111336526 A CN111336526 A CN 111336526A CN 202010244989 A CN202010244989 A CN 202010244989A CN 111336526 A CN111336526 A CN 111336526A
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- melting
- heating
- furnace
- plasma
- furnace body
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 abstract description 20
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000006060 molten glass Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004017 vitrification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011038 discontinuous diafiltration by volume reduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum;silicon Chemical compound [Mo]#[Si] GALOTNBSUVEISR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/085—High-temperature heating means, e.g. plasma, for partly melting the waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/442—Waste feed arrangements
- F23G5/444—Waste feed arrangements for solid waste
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/50—Control or safety arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
Abstract
The invention discloses a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, which comprises a furnace body, wherein a melting pool is arranged in the furnace body, the melting pool comprises at least two isolated heating zones which are arranged in a straight line, the bottoms of the heating zones are mutually communicated, at least one plasma torch is correspondingly arranged on each heating zone, the plasma torches are arranged along the radial direction of the melting pool, a feed inlet and a melting liquid discharge port are arranged on the furnace body, a feed device is connected on the feed inlet, a discharge device is detachably connected on the melting liquid discharge port, a flue gas hole is arranged at the top of a tail heating zone, a rectangular melting pool and more than two plasma torches are used, a partition wall is arranged between the plasma torches, the heating process of melting and vitrifying fly ash can be more effectively controlled, the heat efficiency is improved, the secondary fly ash amount is reduced, in addition, the detachable electric heating glass liquid, the manufacturing and maintenance cost of the equipment is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of harmless treatment of solid wastes, in particular to a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace and a treatment method.
Background
At present, the annual treatment capacity of domestic garbage in China is more than 20000 ten thousand tons, approximately 50 percent of domestic garbage is treated by a treatment method of incineration power generation, the fly ash production amount of an incinerator is about 3 to 5 percent of the amount of garbage entering the incinerator, 4 percent of the fly ash production amount is calculated, and the fly ash amount required to be treated every year reaches more than 400 ten thousand tons.
The incineration fly ash is used as hazardous waste, the content of dioxin and heavy metal is high, and the treatment technology is widely concerned by people. The main treatment mode at present is that the fly ash is chelated and stabilized and enters a dangerous waste safe landfill for disposal, the treatment mode has high cost, large land resources are needed, and the problem cannot be solved fundamentally, so that the search for a technology which can reduce the volume of ash slag, effectively remove toxicity and recycle the treated product becomes an urgent task.
The plasma high-temperature melting technology is that the waste incineration fly ash is melted into liquid at the high temperature of more than 1300 ℃, then the liquid slag is treated by air cooling or water quenching to generate glassy slag, organic pollutants such as dioxin in the fly ash are decomposed and destroyed by heating, and heavy metals in the fly ash are effectively dissolved in the glassy slag in a solid solution mode. After the incineration fly ash is melted, the density is greatly increased, the volume reduction can reach more than 2/3, and the stable slag can be used as a building material such as a roadbed and the like, so that the aim of effective utilization is fulfilled.
However, the problems of complex furnace body structure, poor stability, large power consumption, high operation and maintenance costs and the like of the plasma melting furnace seriously hinder the popularization and application of the technology, and therefore, a plasma melting furnace with stable performance, high energy efficiency and low operation cost is needed to be provided for fly ash treatment to solve the technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, which solves the above problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, includes the furnace body, be provided with the melting pond in the furnace body, the melting pond includes that at least two are the isolation zone of heating of inline, and the bottom in each zone of heating communicates each other, corresponds on each zone of heating to be provided with an at least plasma torch, and each plasma torch is radially arranged along the melting pond, be provided with feed inlet and melt discharge gate on the furnace body, be connected with feed arrangement on the feed inlet, can dismantle on the melt discharge gate and be connected with discharging device, terminal zone of heating top is provided with the flue gas hole.
Preferably, the melting pool is of a rectangular structure, and the plasma torches are positioned at the top of the heating zone and are arranged along the length direction of the melting pool.
Preferably, the melt pool is divided into at least two heating zones by a partition wall, a melt channel is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the bottom surface of the melt pool, the melt passes through the melt channel, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the melt.
Preferably, the height of the gap is 50 mm to 300 mm.
Preferably, the melt outlet is located below the melt level, and the top surface of the melt outlet is at least 6 mm lower than the melt level.
Preferably, an electric heating rod is arranged on the melt discharge port. The glass liquid is prevented from flowing out of the plasma melting furnace and being solidified.
Preferably, the furnace body comprises refractory bricks, an outer shell is arranged outside the refractory bricks, and a heat insulation material is filled between the outer shell and the outer walls of the refractory bricks.
Preferably, the furnace body comprises a lower cavity and a top cover arranged above the lower cavity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace, which uses a rectangular melting pool and more than two plasma torches, wherein a partition wall is arranged between the plasma torches, so that the heating process of fly ash melting and vitrification can be more effectively controlled, the heat efficiency is improved, the secondary fly ash amount is reduced, in addition, a detachable electric heating glass liquid discharging device has the advantages of simple structure and high modularization degree, and the manufacturing and maintenance cost of equipment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1-2, the present invention provides a technical solution:
a multi-electrode plasma melting furnace comprises a furnace body 100, wherein a melting pool is arranged in the furnace body, the melting pool comprises two linearly arranged isolated heating zones, the bottoms of the two heating zones are communicated with each other, a first plasma torch 120 and a second plasma torch 121 are respectively and correspondingly arranged on the two heating zones, a feed port and a molten liquid discharge port 116 are arranged on the furnace body, a feeding device 130 is connected to the feed port, a discharge device 118 is detachably connected to the molten liquid discharge port, and a flue gas hole is formed in the top of a tail heating zone; the furnace body comprises refractory bricks, a heat insulation material and a shell 110 from inside to outside in sequence; specifically, a shell is arranged outside the refractory brick, a heat insulation material 113 is filled between the shell and the outer wall of the refractory brick, the furnace body comprises a lower cavity 112 and a top cover 111 arranged above the lower cavity, the lower cavity forms the melting pool, and the split structure is convenient to install and maintain; the feed inlet is arranged on the left side of the top cover, the right side of the lower cavity is provided with a melt discharge port, the melt discharge port is positioned below the melt level, and the top surface of the melt discharge port is at least 6 millimeters lower than the melt level. Specifically, the melting tank is of a rectangular structure, the plasma torches are located at the top of the heating zones and are arranged along the length direction of the melting tank, the melting tank is divided into at least two heating zones by a partition wall 115, a melting liquid channel is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the bottom surface of the melting tank, the melting liquid passes through the melting liquid channel, a gap is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the liquid level 150 of the melting liquid, and the height of the gap is 50-300 mm; the top of the partition wall 115 is tightly fitted with the top cover 111. In order to solve the problems of heat preservation of a molten glass outlet and maintenance of a discharge port, a detachable electric heating discharge device is adopted, an electric heating rod 117 is arranged on the molten glass discharge port, and a silicon-molybdenum rod is preferably used as a heating element, so that the temperature of the discharge port can be accurately controlled, and the molten glass is prevented from being solidified before flowing out of a plasma melting furnace.
The working principle of this application does: the fly ash to be treated is fed into the molten pool by the feeding device 130, rapidly melted by the heating of the plasma torch 120 and flows towards the discharging device 118. The plasma torch 121 further heats the molten glass, so that the molten glass is further vitrified and homogenized, the effective solidification of the heavy metal by the glass body is ensured, the partition walls of the plasma torch 120 and the plasma torch 121 realize the separation of heating spaces, and the heating efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the temperature of melting and vitrification of the fly ash can be effectively controlled by controlling the feeding amount and the power of the plasma torch, the vitrification process of the fly ash is controlled, and the melting disposal efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the configuration of different molten pool sizes and plasma torch powers enables the melting furnace of the example to accommodate fly ash treatment capacities from several tons to 100 tons per day; secondly, the plasma torch 120 provides heat for the melting of the fly ash, the generated flue gas enters the right space through the gap between the partition wall 115 and the molten glass 150, the flue gas is mixed with the flue gas generated by the plasma torch 121 and then discharged from the flue gas hole 114 to enter a subsequent treatment system, and the partition wall 115 separates the melting working space, so that the dust removal of the flue gas is realized, and the secondary fly ash generated in the vitrification process is effectively reduced.
The water spraying cooling discharging device 140 capable of cooling and solidifying the molten glass rapidly is additionally arranged, the cold water sprayed by the cooling water nozzle 141 enables the molten glass to be cooled and solidified rapidly, inert glass bodies capable of effectively solidifying heavy metals are obtained and sent into the glass body storage device 142, and steam generated by cooling can be used for waste heat utilization subsequently through the waste heat steam recovery system.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
1. A multi-electrode plasma melting furnace is characterized in that: the induction cooker comprises a cooker bod, be provided with the melting pond in the furnace body, the melting pond includes that at least two are the range of straight line's the isolation zone of heating, and the bottom in each zone of heating communicates each other, corresponds on each zone of heating to be provided with an at least plasma torch, and each plasma torch is radially arranged along the melting pond, be provided with feed inlet and melten liquid discharge gate on the furnace body, be connected with feed arrangement on the feed inlet, can dismantle on the melten liquid discharge gate and be connected with discharging device, terminal zone of heating top is provided.
2. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the melting tank is of a rectangular structure, and the plasma torches are positioned at the top of the heating zone and are arranged along the length direction of the melting tank.
3. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the melting tank is divided into at least two heating zones by a partition wall, a melting liquid channel is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the bottom surface of the melting tank, the melting liquid passes through the melting liquid channel, and a gap is formed between the bottom of the partition wall and the melting liquid.
4. A multiple electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 3 wherein: the height of the gap is 50 mm-300 mm.
5. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the molten liquid discharge port is positioned below the molten liquid level, and the top surface of the molten liquid discharge port is at least 6 millimeters lower than the molten liquid level.
6. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: an electric heating rod is arranged on the molten liquid discharge port.
7. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the furnace body comprises refractory bricks, a shell is arranged outside the refractory bricks, and heat insulation materials are filled between the shell and the outer walls of the refractory bricks.
8. A multiple-electrode plasma melting furnace as claimed in claim 1 wherein: the furnace body comprises a lower cavity and a top cover arranged above the lower cavity.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010244989.6A CN111336526A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010244989.6A CN111336526A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111336526A true CN111336526A (en) | 2020-06-26 |
Family
ID=71182616
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010244989.6A Pending CN111336526A (en) | 2020-03-31 | 2020-03-31 | Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN111336526A (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902192A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-04 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace for recycling flue gas and working method thereof |
| CN113551236A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-26 | 上海中川国宇环境有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace and method of using the same |
| CN114260297A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-01 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Device and method suitable for fly ash melting and flue gas purification treatment |
| CN115138658A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-04 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Harmless reduction method and device for fly ash of waste incineration power plant |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US4571259A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1986-02-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Apparatus and process for reduction of metal oxides |
| US4989522A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1991-02-05 | Sharpe Environmental Services | Method and system for incineration and detoxification of semiliquid waste |
| US5226949A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1993-07-13 | Retech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removal of floating impurities on liquid |
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| CN105344695A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2016-02-24 | 长安大学 | Waste incineration fly ash treatment method and device |
| CN109469910A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-15 | 航天环境工程有限公司 | A kind of continuous overflow deslagging plasma melting furnace and application |
| CN212005699U (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2020-11-24 | 浙江大凡智能科技有限公司 | Multi-electrode plasma melting furnace |
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2020
- 2020-03-31 CN CN202010244989.6A patent/CN111336526A/en active Pending
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| US4571259A (en) * | 1985-01-18 | 1986-02-18 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Apparatus and process for reduction of metal oxides |
| US4989522A (en) * | 1989-08-11 | 1991-02-05 | Sharpe Environmental Services | Method and system for incineration and detoxification of semiliquid waste |
| US5226949A (en) * | 1992-07-30 | 1993-07-13 | Retech, Inc. | Method and apparatus for removal of floating impurities on liquid |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112902192A (en) * | 2021-02-19 | 2021-06-04 | 中广核研究院有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace for recycling flue gas and working method thereof |
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| CN113551236A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-10-26 | 上海中川国宇环境有限公司 | Plasma melting furnace and method of using the same |
| CN114260297A (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2022-04-01 | 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 | Device and method suitable for fly ash melting and flue gas purification treatment |
| CN115138658A (en) * | 2022-07-21 | 2022-10-04 | 北京中科润宇环保科技股份有限公司 | Harmless reduction method and device for fly ash of waste incineration power plant |
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