JP2013241923A - Gasification power generation system of carbon-based fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gasification power generation system of carbon-based fuel that gives a high efficiency of power generation, even when a desulfurizer using an absorbing solution is installed between a gasification furnace and a gas turbine.SOLUTION: There are provided a gasification furnace to produce a produced gas from carbon-based fuel, a heat recovering unit of the gasification furnace to recover heat of the produced gas, a cooling tower to cool the produced gas, a shift reactor to react carbon monoxide and steam in the produced gas to convert them to carbon dioxide and hydrogen, an absorbing tower to absorb hydrogen sulfide in the produced gas coming out of the shift reactor with an absorbing solution, a gas turbine to generate power using as fuel the produced gas having the hydrogen sulfide removed, a water recovery unit that is installed in an exhaust gas passage of the gas turbine and recovers water by cooling an exhaust gas, and a humidifying tower to spray water recovered in the water recovering unit to combustion air to be supplied to the gas turbine to humidify the combustion air. A cooling water supply system is installed to supply water recovered in the water recovering unit as cooling water to any one of the gasification furnace, the heat recovering unit of the gasification furnace and the cooling tower.

Description

  The present invention is a carbon-based fuel that generates carbon-monoxide and hydrogen-based gases by gasifying carbon-based fuels such as coal, biomass, and heavy oil, and uses the generated gas as fuel to generate power in a gas turbine. The present invention relates to a gasification power generation system.

  As a power generation system using natural gas as fuel, natural gas is completely burned in a boiler, steam is produced by indirect heat exchange with the resulting combustion gas, and power is generated by a steam turbine, and natural gas is used as a gas turbine combustor. In this method, the gas turbine is directly driven by the combustion gas.

  Since the temperature of water vapor obtained by indirect heat exchange using a boiler is about 700 ° C. at the maximum, the combustion gas obtained by a gas turbine combustor can be at a temperature higher than twice that of the gas turbine. There is a greater possibility that the power generation system using the power generation efficiency can be improved.

  In a power generation system using a gas turbine, high efficiency is achieved by producing steam by indirect heat exchange with the exhaust gas after driving the gas turbine, and making the combined power generation that drives the steam turbine with the obtained steam. ing.

  Also, without using a steam turbine, water is included in the combustion air, the temperature of the air containing the water is raised by indirect heat exchange with the gas turbine exhaust gas, and the energy of the gas turbine exhaust gas is recovered by gas turbine power generation. Thus, a system has been devised that achieves power generation efficiency equivalent to combined power generation without using a steam turbine.

  This system is called a high-humidity air-utilizing gas turbine, and the power generation efficiency at a partial load is higher than that of combined power generation, and higher-speed load tracking is possible than combined power generation.

  Even in power generation systems that use carbon-based fuels such as coal and biomass as fuels, carbon-based fuels are gasified in a gasification furnace to produce carbon monoxide and hydrogen as main components, and fine particles and sulfur compounds in the generated gas are used. Eliminating it makes it possible to apply a power generation system that uses a gas turbine similar to natural gas, and devised a system that combines power generation with a gas turbine and a steam turbine, and a system that generates power with a gas turbine using high humidity air. ing.

  As described above, the high-humidity air-utilizing gas turbine has the advantages of higher power generation efficiency at a partial load and faster load following speed than the combined power generation. It is necessary to devise a method for converting the heat generated in to power.

  Of the calorific value of the carbon-based fuel, 70 to 80% is converted to the calorific value of combustible components such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the product gas, but 20 to 30% of the calorific value is the sensible heat of the product gas. Therefore, when combined power generation is used, this sensible heat can be recovered as water vapor, and the steam turbine can be driven to convert it into electric power.

  On the other hand, in the case of using a high-humidity air-utilizing gas turbine, since there is no steam turbine, even if it is recovered as water vapor, it cannot be converted into electric power.

  Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-115854, a gas supplied by spraying liquid water onto coal gas to form steam to convert the heat of the coal gas into sensible heat and latent heat of the steam and supply it to the gas turbine. A technology related to a power plant is disclosed.

  In this technology, when a wet desulfurization device using an absorbing liquid is installed between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine, the temperature of the product gas must be lowered to about 40 ° C. before the wet desulfurization device. The condensed water vapor is condensed and the energy of the water vapor cannot be transmitted to the gas turbine.

  Therefore, a dry method using an adsorbent that adsorbs hydrogen sulfide or the like at 300 ° C. or higher where water vapor does not condense is applied to an impurity removal apparatus that mainly removes hydrogen sulfide installed between a gasification furnace and a gas turbine. Yes.

  Further, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-213371 discloses that “a product gas gasified in a gasification furnace is supplied to a gas turbine combustor and burned, and combustion air is humidified and the humidified air is converted into a gas turbine. In the gas turbine power generation system that recovers the energy of the gas turbine exhaust gas by heating it with exhaust gas and supplying it to the gas turbine combustor, ”no desulfurization device is installed between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. The technology which suppresses the sulfur compound discharge | release to air | atmosphere by installing a desulfurization apparatus is disclosed.

JP 2001-115854 A JP 2000-213371 A

  For example, in the technology described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-115854, as a technology for gasifying carbon-based fuel and supplying it as fuel to a high-humidity air-utilizing gas turbine, power generation is performed between a gasification furnace and a gas turbine. A dry desulfurization apparatus using an adsorbent that operates at a high temperature was installed as an impurity removal apparatus.

  By the way, in the above-described technique, two adsorption towers filled with an adsorbent are installed as a dry desulfurization apparatus, and while the produced gas is circulated through one adsorption tower and adsorbs hydrogen sulfide and the like, the other adsorption tower is adsorbed. It is necessary to circulate a regeneration gas having a temperature about 100 ° C. higher than the temperature of the product gas through the tower to desorb hydrogen sulfide adsorbed from the adsorbent packed in the other adsorption tower.

  In the dry desulfurization apparatus, when hydrogen sulfide or the like in the product gas is adsorbed to the adsorbent at about 400 ° C. in order to prevent water vapor in the product gas from condensing, the temperature of the regeneration gas for regenerating the adsorbent is About 500 ° C. is required, and in order to obtain a regeneration gas having a temperature of about 500 ° C., a heat source that is higher by about 100 ° C. than the temperature of the regeneration gas is required. There has been a problem that the power generation efficiency of a gasification power generation system using gasified fuel is lowered.

  An object of the present invention is to use an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature between a gasification furnace and a gas turbine in a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that generates power by gasifying a carbon-based fuel and supplying it as a fuel to a gas turbine. An object of the present invention is to provide a gasification power generation system for a carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by introducing exhaust heat from a gasification furnace to a gas turbine even when a desulfurization apparatus is installed.

  A gasification power generation system for a carbon-based fuel according to the present invention includes a gasification furnace that gasifies a carbon-based fuel with an oxidant to produce a product gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and an upper part of the gasification furnace. A heat recovery unit that recovers the heat of the product gas that is installed and manufactured in the gasification furnace, and cools the product gas by spraying water on the product gas that is installed downstream of the gasification furnace and manufactured in the gasification furnace In addition, a cooling tower that generates water vapor, a dust removal facility that is installed downstream of the cooling tower and that produces dust produced in a gasification furnace, and a dust removal facility that is installed downstream of the dust removal equipment A first heat exchanger that raises the temperature of the product gas that has passed through the washing tower with the heat of the product gas that has flowed down the facility, and water vapor that is installed downstream of the heat exchanger and generated by the first heat exchanger are added. Reaction of carbon monoxide and water vapor in the product gas to carbon dioxide and hydrogen A shift reactor, an absorption tower installed downstream of the shift reactor and absorbing at least hydrogen sulfide in the product gas passed through the shift reactor, and hydrogen sulfide in the product gas taken out from the absorption tower A second heat exchanger installed on the downstream side of the shift reactor that indirectly heat-exchanges the removed product gas with the product gas that has passed through the shift reactor to raise the temperature of the product gas; and the second heat A gas turbine combustor that generates combustion gas by introducing the generated gas heated by the exchanger as fuel and burns it, a gas turbine that is driven by the combustion gas generated by the gas turbine combustor, and a gas turbine that is driven by the gas turbine A generator for generating electric power and the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine installed in the flow path of the exhaust gas cooled to recover the moisture contained in the exhaust gas A regenerator and an increase in which the combustion air pressurized by the compressor of the gas turbine and supplied to the gas turbine combustor is sprayed with a part of the water recovered by the water recoverer to humidify the combustion air. A wet tower is provided, and a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit is used as cooling water from the water recovery unit to the gasification furnace, a heat recovery unit provided in the gasification furnace, and a downstream side of the gasification furnace A cooling water supply system for supplying to any of the cooling towers installed in the system is provided, and the cooling water is supplied from the water recovery device through the cooling water supply system to the gasification furnace, the heat recovery unit, and the cooling tower. It supplies to either. It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the present invention, in a gas fueled power generation system for carbon fuel that gasifies carbon fuel and supplies it as a fuel to a gas turbine for power generation, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is used between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when a desulfurization apparatus is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding exhaust heat from the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

1 is a schematic system diagram showing the configuration of a gasification power generation system for a carbon-based fuel according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The schematic system diagram which showed the structure of the gasification power generation system of the carbonaceous fuel which is 2nd Example of this invention. The partial figure of the gasification furnace heat recovery part which shows the structure which sprays the water collect | recovered from gas turbine exhaust gas to the gasification furnace heat recovery part in the gasification power generation system of the carbon-type fuel of 2nd Example shown in FIG. The schematic system diagram which showed the structure of the gasification power generation system of the carbonaceous fuel which is 3rd Example of this invention. The schematic system diagram which showed the structure of the gasification power generation system of the carbonaceous fuel which is 4th Example of this invention. FIG. 6 is a partial view of a gasification furnace heat recovery unit showing a structure in which the gasification furnace heat recovery unit is constituted by a water-cooled tube in the carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5. The schematic system diagram which showed the structure of the gasification power generation system of the carbonaceous fuel which is 5th Example of this invention. In the carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, the water recovered from the gas turbine exhaust gas is supplied to the water cooling pipe of the gasification furnace heat recovery section, and the generated gas in the heat recovery section is supplied from this water cooling pipe. The partial view of the gasification furnace heat recovery part which shows the structure which sprays water on.

  Embodiments of a carbonized gasification power generation system of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  A carbon fuel gasification power generation system according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 1 uses coal 1 as the carbon fuel and oxygen 2 as the oxidizer, and transports the finely pulverized coal 1 with nitrogen 3 for gasification. Supply to the furnace 50.

  Oxygen 2 is also supplied to the gasification furnace 50, and the coal 1 and oxygen 2 are reacted in the gasification furnace 50 to generate a product gas 20 mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.

  The ash in the coal that has not become the product gas 20 is discharged from the gasification furnace 50 in the state of the molten slag 5. The product gas 20 obtained in the gasification furnace 50 is led to a cooling tower 52 installed on the downstream side of the gasification furnace 50 via a gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 provided in the upper part of the gasification furnace 50. Cooling.

  In the cooling tower 52, a part of the water 33 recovered by the water recovery device 65 that recovers water from the exhaust gas is supplied from the water recovery device 65 to the cooling tower 52 as water 34 through the cooling water supply system a and sprayed on the generated gas 20. Then, the water 34 is vaporized by contacting the product gas 20 with gas and liquid.

  In this process, the sensible heat of the product gas 20 is converted into sensible heat and latent heat of water vapor, and the water vapor concentration in the product gas 20 becomes about 40%. The generated gas 20 is supplied from the cooling tower 52 to a dust removing device 53 installed on the downstream side of the cooling tower 52.

  The amount of water 34 supplied to the cooling tower 52 is such that the detected temperature of the product gas 20 detected by the thermometer 90 provided at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 installed on the downstream side of the cooling tower 52 becomes a specified value. It is controlled by a flow rate adjusting valve 80 that adjusts the supply amount of water 34.

  The specified value of the temperature detected by the thermometer 90 is such that the detected gas temperature is 300 ° C. or higher because the inlet gas temperature obtained by the shift reactor 55 installed on the downstream side of the dust removing device 53 is about 300 ° C. Set to.

  Further, when the amount of water vapor in the product gas 20 is greater than or equal to the amount of carbon monoxide in the product gas, that amount remains in the product gas 20 and is absorbed using the absorbent installed downstream of the shift reactor 55. Condensation in the tower 56 reduces power generation efficiency.

  Therefore, a prescribed value for the temperature of the inlet of the dust removing device 53 is set so that the amount of water vapor in the product gas 20 does not become excessive.

  For this reason, the specified value of the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 is in the range of 350 to 400 ° C. The value in this temperature range is sufficiently high with respect to the dew point of the product gas 20, and moisture condensation in the dust removing device 53 can be prevented.

  The amount of water 34 supplied to the cooling tower 52 increases and decreases so that the temperature of the product gas 20 at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 becomes a specified value as described above, but the amount of the coal 1 supplied to the gasification furnace 50 is increased. The amount is almost the same as the supply amount.

  In the dust removing device 53, unburned coal (char) 6 contained in the product gas 20 is removed. The char 6 is conveyed by nitrogen 4 and recycled to the gasification furnace 50.

  The produced gas 20 that has passed through the dust removing device 53 is then led to a water washing tower 54 that is installed on the downstream side of the gas gas heat exchanger 70 through the gas gas heat exchanger 70 installed on the downstream side of the dust removing device 53.

  Liquid water 8 is supplied to the washing tower 54, and the halogen in the generated gas 20 is absorbed by the water 8 in the washing tower 54 and extracted from the lower part of the washing tower 54.

  Although a part of the water vapor in the product gas 20 is condensed in the washing tower 54, a part of the water 8 supplied to the washing tower 54 is vaporized, so the water vapor concentration in the product gas 20 at the outlet of the washing tower 54 is The value is equivalent to the entrance of the tower 54.

  The generated gas 20 at the outlet of the flush tower 54 is heat-exchanged with the produced gas 20 exiting the dust removing device 53 by the gas gas heat exchanger 70, heated to about 300 ° C. and installed on the downstream side of the flush tower 54. It is supplied to the reactor 55.

  The shift reactor 55 is filled with a shift reaction catalyst, and carbon monoxide and water vapor in the product gas 20 undergo a shift reaction to become carbon dioxide and hydrogen. In order to operate this shift reaction catalyst, the inlet gas temperature of the shift reactor 55 needs to be about 300 ° C.

  When the shift reactor 55 is not installed, the water vapor in the product gas 20 condenses in the absorption tower 56 installed at the downstream side of the shift reactor 55 and operated at about 40 ° C., and this condensation heat does not contribute to power generation. Therefore, the power generation efficiency of the gasification power generation system is greatly reduced.

  On the other hand, in the gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel of the present embodiment, the water vapor in the product gas 20 undergoes a shift reaction with carbon monoxide in the shift reactor 55, so that the boiling point becomes carbon dioxide and hydrogen of 0 ° C. or less. Therefore, even if an absorption tower 56 that absorbs hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from the product gas 20 into the absorption liquid 11 is installed downstream of the shift reactor 55, the reduction in power generation efficiency of the gasification power generation system is kept small. It is done.

  The product gas 20 exiting the shift reactor 55 is sequentially passed through a gas gas heat exchanger 71 and a cooler 72 installed on the downstream side of the shift reactor 55, and an absorption installed on the downstream side of the shift reactor 55. It is supplied to the tower 56.

  The absorption liquid 56 such as methyldiethanolamine is allowed to flow through the absorption tower 56, the hydrogen sulfide contained in the product gas 20 is absorbed into the absorption liquid 11, and the absorption liquid 11 that has absorbed the hydrogen sulfide is extracted from the lower part of the absorption tower 56. .

  Here, the alkaline amine absorption liquid as the absorption liquid 11 supplied to the absorption tower 56 can absorb not only hydrogen sulfide but also carbon dioxide. However, the carbon dioxide undergoes a combustion reaction in the gas turbine combustor 60. However, in order to increase the power generation efficiency of the gasification power generation system, it is desirable not to remove carbon dioxide.

  Therefore, the absorption liquid 11 supplied to the absorption tower 56 is added with a substance that inhibits the absorption of carbon dioxide and selectively absorbs hydrogen sulfide.

  The product gas 20 exiting the absorption tower 56 is heated by heat exchange with the product gas 20 at the outlet of the shift reactor 55 in the gas gas heat exchanger 71 and then supplied to the gas turbine combustor 60 as fuel.

  The gas turbine combustor 60 is also supplied with the spray of water 9 and the compressed air 22 humidified by the humidifying tower 64 to cause a combustion reaction with the fuel generated gas 21 to generate a high-temperature combustion gas.

  This humidified compressed air 22 is obtained as follows. That is, about 2% by weight of water 9 is sprayed on the air 6 at the inlet of the gas turbine compressor 61 and compressed by the compressor 61. The obtained compressed air is further guided to the humidification tower 64 and brought into contact with water. Compressed air 22 containing about 10% by weight of water, heated by gas gas heat exchange 73 that exchanges heat with gas turbine exhaust gas, and then humidified by introducing it into the gas turbine combustor 60 as gas turbine combustion air Air 22 is obtained.

  The high-temperature combustion gas generated by combustion in the gas turbine combustor 60 drives the gas turbine 62 and rotates the generator 63 connected to the rotating shaft of the gas turbine 62, thereby obtaining electric power.

  The exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine 62 is guided to the gas gas heat exchanger 73, and a part of the sensible heat of the exhaust gas is used for raising the temperature of the compressed air 22 described above.

  The exhaust gas that has passed through the gas-gas heat exchanger 73 is then led to a condensation heat exchanger 74, and the water 30 recovered by the water recovery unit 65 is supplied to the condensation heat exchanger 74 to the condensation heat exchanger 74. The exhaust gas is cooled by indirect heat exchange with the inflowing exhaust gas, and moisture contained in the exhaust gas is condensed.

  That is, the sensible heat and the latent heat of water vapor contained in the exhaust gas are passed through the condensation heat exchanger 74 from the water recovery unit 65 through the cooling water supply system a, the gasification furnace 50, the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51, or the cooling. It is given to the water supplied to the tower 52.

  For this reason, the heat level that has been low in the past and could not be used to improve power generation efficiency is applied to the generated gas 20 obtained in the gasification furnace 50 and used for power generation by the gas turbine. It has become possible to improve the power generation efficiency of the gasification power generation system.

  The exhaust gas that has passed through the condensation heat exchanger 74 and the condensed water are guided to the water recovery unit 65 to separate the exhaust gas and water, and the exhaust gas 23 separated by the water recovery unit 65 is discharged from the chimney 66 to the atmosphere.

  A part of the water 30 separated and recovered from the exhaust gas by the water recovery unit 65 is supplied as the supply water 32 of the humidification tower 64 for increasing the humidity of the gas turbine compressed air, and the water recovery unit 65 A part of the water 30 separated and recovered in step (b) is supplied to the cooling tower 52 as water 34 to be sprayed to cool the product gas 20 obtained in the gasification furnace 50.

  Thus, water consumption can be suppressed by circulating water. However, since trace components are concentrated by circulating water, a part of the water 31 containing the trace components separated by the water recovery unit 65 is not recycled and is subjected to wastewater treatment. And it is comprised so that the water 10 which does not contain a trace component may be supplied to the water collection | recovery device 65 from the outside so that the level of the water level of the water collection | recovery device 65 may become fixed.

  The additional effects of the above-described carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment are listed as follows.

  In the carbon fuel gasification power generation system of this example, a shift reactor is installed downstream of the gasification furnace, and carbon monoxide and water vapor in the product gas are reacted in the shift reactor to form carbon dioxide and hydrogen. A wet desulfurization apparatus that absorbs hydrogen sulfide or the like in the product gas at about 40 ° C. can be applied as an impurity removal apparatus because it is led to an absorption tower that uses an absorption liquid later to remove hydrogen sulfide in the product gas.

  Further, in the carbon fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment, the wet desulfurization apparatus can be regenerated by reducing the hydrogen sulfide in the absorbing liquid to about 100 ° C. Therefore, the gas purification by the dry desulfurization apparatus is used. Heat loss is small and highly efficient power generation is possible.

  Also, in the carbon fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment, the absorption liquid used in the gas purification by the wet desulfurization apparatus is a liquid, so that it is easy to handle and applies dry gas purification using a solid adsorbent. Therefore, the life of the absorbing solution is longer than that of the adsorbent, so that it was possible to make an environment-friendly facility with little waste.

  In the carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment, a gas turbine made of the same material as that used when natural gas is used as fuel can be applied.

  Moreover, in the gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel of this embodiment, installation of equipment for removing ions from the recovered water that suppresses the precipitation of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate in the system that recycles the water recovered from the gas turbine exhaust gas to the gas turbine. Is no longer necessary.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  Next, a carbonized gasification power generation system according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 2 has the same basic configuration as the carbon fuel gasification power generation system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of common configurations are omitted, and different configurations are described below.

  In the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the cooling tower 52 is not provided downstream of the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 provided in the gasification furnace 50, and a knockout drum is provided. 57 is installed on the downstream side of the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 and on the upstream side of the dust removing device 53.

  Further, a cooling water supply system for guiding a part of the water 30 separated and recovered by the water recovery unit 65 between the water recovery unit 65 and the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 provided at the upper part of the gasification furnace 50. a2 is disposed.

  The water 30 separated and recovered by the water recovery unit 65 is sprayed on the supply water 32 to the humidification tower 64 for increasing the humidity of the gas turbine compressed air and the product gas 20 obtained in the gasification furnace 50. Not only the water 33 but also a part of the water 30 recovered from the exhaust gas separated by the water recovery unit 65 from the water recovery unit 65 through the cooling water supply system a2 to the upper part of the gasifier 50. The water is supplied to the gasifier heat recovery section 51 provided in the gas generator and sprayed as spray water 34 to be sprayed in a plurality of stages on the water recovery device 65 to bring the product gas 20 generated in the gasifier 50 and the water 34 into contact with each other. It is configured as follows.

  The supply amount of the water 34 supplied through the cooling water supply system a2 and sprayed into the gasifier heat recovery section 51 in a plurality of stages is determined by the detection temperature detected by the thermometer 90 provided at the inlet of the dust removing device 53. Based on the temperature detected by the thermometer 90, the opening degree of the flow rate adjustment valve 80 installed in the cooling water supply system a2 is adjusted so as to be a value, and sprayed into the gasifier heat recovery unit 51 in a plurality of stages. The supply amount of water 34 is controlled.

  By installing the knockout drum 57, the gas temperature of the product gas 20 generated in the gasification furnace 50 is low, such as when the gasification furnace 50 is started or stopped, and the gasification furnace heat recovery part 51 is connected to the gasification furnace heat recovery part 51. Even when part of the water 34 sprayed on 51 is entrained in the product gas 20 without being vaporized, liquid water is separated from the product gas 20 and prevented from flowing into the dust removing device 53.

  In the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment, a part of the water 30 recovered from the gas turbine exhaust gas by the water recovery unit 65 is used as the spray water 34 in the gasifier heat recovery section 51 provided in the gasifier 50. Since the product gas 20 generated in the gasification furnace 50 and the sprayed water 34 are brought into contact with each other, the product gas 20 can be prevented from being locally lowered in temperature.

  Further, the sprayed water 34 is sprayed in a plurality of stages on the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 to prevent the generated gas 20 from generating a local low-temperature portion, whereby the sprayed water 34 is quickly vaporized, and the generated gas 20 Unreacted coal (char 6) therein is prevented from agglomerating due to the interposition of liquid water.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment is shown as a partial view in FIG. 3 in order to spray water 34 in a plurality of stages on the gasifier heat recovery section 51 provided at the upper part of the gasifier 3. As described above, a plurality of stages of tubular water spray headers 76 constituting the product gas temperature control means are provided on the outer peripheral side of the gasifier heat recovery section 51, and radially from the water spray headers 76 of these stages. A water spray pipe 77 for supplying water 34 to the gasifier heat recovery section 51 of the gasification furnace 50 is installed, and a water spray nozzle is connected to the tip of the water spray pipe 77 to connect the water spray nozzle to the gasifier heat recovery section. Water 34 is sprayed inside 51.

  The spray amount of the water 34 sprayed in a plurality of stages inside the gasifier heat recovery section 51 is controlled by the control device 98.

  Here, the spray amount of water 34 sprayed into the gasifier heat recovery section 51 from the water spray headers 76 provided in the gasifier heat recovery section 51 in a plurality of stages through the respective water spray pipes 77 is as follows. Based on the temperature of the product gas 20 detected by the thermometer 97 provided at the outlet of the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51, the control device 98 calculates the spray amount of the spray water 34, and outputs a command signal from the control device 98. Based on the adjustment of the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 86 to 89 for controlling the supply amount of the water 34 supplied to the plurality of stages of water spray headers 76, the plurality of stages of water spray headers 76 can be used for water spraying. The temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 is controlled by changing the spray amount of the water 34 sprayed to the gasifier heat recovery section 51 through the pipe 77 for each stage.

  The product gas temperature control means described above is necessary because the steam / carbon monoxide ratio at the inlet of the shift reactor 55 needs to be controlled within a range determined by the performance of the shift reaction catalyst. If the operating conditions of the converter 3 are determined, the amount of water 34 that can be increased or decreased is determined, and the temperature range of the controllable product gas 20 is determined. This is because the gas temperature of the product gas 20 at the inlet of the apparatus 53 may be too high or too low than the set temperature.

  By installing the generated gas temperature control means for controlling the temperature of the generated gas 20, the temperature of the generated gas 20 at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 is set to an appropriate range even for the coal type of coal 1 whose properties are significantly different from the designed coal. It becomes possible to control.

  Next, the control method by the generated gas temperature control means will be specifically described. Under the condition that the spray amount of the water 34 sprayed in a plurality of stages into the gasifier heat recovery part 51 from each stage of the plurality of stages of the water spray header 76 through the water spray pipe 77 is equal, the thermometer 97 When the detected generated gas temperature 20 at the outlet of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 is lower than the set value, water spray is applied to the lowermost stage of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 according to a command signal calculated by the control device 98. The amount of water 34 sprayed onto the lowermost stage of the heat recovery unit 51 is adjusted to be increased by increasing the opening of the flow rate adjustment valve A86 for controlling the amount, and the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 is supplied to the uppermost stage. The flow rate adjustment valve D89 that controls the amount of water spray is decreased so that the amount of water 34 sprayed on the uppermost stage of the heat recovery unit 51 is reduced. Increase the temperature drop of the product gas 20.

  Since the heat recovery amount in the heat recovery unit 51 is proportional to the temperature of the product gas 20 and the wall temperature of the gasifier heat recovery unit 51, when the temperature drop of the lowermost product gas 20 of the heat recovery unit 51 increases, The amount of heat recovered in the heat recovery unit 51 is reduced, and accordingly, the temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 51 can be increased.

  Conversely, from the condition that the spray amount of the water 34 sprayed in a plurality of stages from the respective stages of the plurality of stages of the water spray headers 76 into the gasifier heat recovery section 51 through the water spray pipe 77 is equal, When the generated gas temperature 20 at the outlet of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 detected by the thermometer 97 rises above the set value, the lowest stage of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 according to a command signal calculated by the control device 98. The flow rate adjustment valve A86 for controlling the amount of water sprayed on the water is adjusted so that the amount of water 34 sprayed on the lowermost stage of the heat recovery unit 51 is reduced, and the gasifier heat recovery unit 51 The opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve D89 that controls the amount of water sprayed to the uppermost stage is increased to adjust the amount of water 34 sprayed to the uppermost stage of the heat recovery unit 51 to be increased. The temperature of the product gas 20 in the lowermost part is raised.

  When the temperature of the product gas 20 at the lowermost stage of the heat recovery unit 51 rises, the amount of heat recovery in the heat recovery unit 51 above this part increases, so the temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 51 decreases. Can be made.

  In this way, by applying the control method using the product gas temperature control means, the gas spray furnace heat recovery section 51 is divided into a plurality of stages from each stage of the plurality of stages of the water spray header 76 through the water spray pipe 77. Then, the spray amount of the water 34 sprayed is increased or decreased to control the temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the heat recovery unit 51 to maintain the set temperature.

  As an additional effect of the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment, it is not necessary to install a large cooling tower just by installing a small knockout drum, so the equipment configuration of the gasification power generation system is simplified. It becomes possible to do.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  Next, a carbonized gasification power generation system according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The gasification power generation system of the carbon fuel of this embodiment shown in FIG. 4 has the same basic configuration as the gasification power generation system of the carbon fuel of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of common configurations are omitted, and different configurations are described below.

  In order to prevent global warming, it is required to reduce carbon dioxide emissions from thermal power plants. In the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the case of the embodiment in which hydrogen sulfide is selectively removed by the absorption tower 56 has been shown. From the viewpoint of preventing global warming, It is desirable to collect not only hydrogen sulfide but also carbon dioxide in the absorption tower 56. An example of this case is shown in the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment.

  In the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the alkaline absorbent 11 such as methyldiethanolamine used in the absorption tower 56 absorbs both hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide, which are acidic gases. Can do. For this reason, the absorbing liquid 11 supplied to the absorption tower 56 comes into contact with the product gas 20 and absorbs hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the product gas 20.

  The absorption liquid 11 that has absorbed the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the product gas 20 by the absorption tower 56 is led from the absorption tower 56 to the regeneration tower 58, and the temperature of the absorption liquid 11 is increased in the regeneration tower 58. Hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide absorbed in the absorbing liquid 11 are desorbed from the absorbing liquid 11.

  In the carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment, the regeneration tower 58 is used to desorb the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide absorbed in the absorbing liquid 11. However, the method of increasing the temperature of the absorbing liquid 11 and reducing the pressure is used. However, it is possible to separate hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide absorbed in the absorbent 11 from the absorbent 11.

  In the gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel of this embodiment, a mixed gas 40 of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide separated from the absorbent 11 in the regeneration tower 58 is obtained at the outlet of the regeneration tower 58. In order to fix it, it is necessary to raise the purity of carbon dioxide.

  For this purpose, the mixed gas 40 of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide is led to a carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 installed on the downstream side of the regeneration tower 58.

  For the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59, for example, an adsorption tower filled with an adsorbent for adsorbing hydrogen sulfide can be used. While two or more of these adsorption towers are installed and hydrogen sulfide is adsorbed in one adsorption tower, air is circulated to another adsorption tower to desorb hydrogen sulfide from the adsorbent and oxygen in the air. To make sulfur dioxide 41.

  This sulfur dioxide is recovered as gypsum by the gypsum method. That is, the gas containing sulfur dioxide is reacted with the limestone slurry to fix the sulfur in the gas as solid gypsum and separate from the limestone slurry.

  The high-purity carbon dioxide 42 obtained by the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 is supplied to a compressor 67 installed on the downstream side of the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 for compression and separately provided. Supply to a carbon dioxide reservoir not shown and store as a liquid.

  Further, the carbon dioxide obtained in the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 is supplied between the compressor 67 installed on the downstream side of the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 and the gasifier 50 and supplied to the carbon dioxide. A carbon supply system b is provided.

  A part of the carbon dioxide 42 having a pressure of about 4 MPa obtained by the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 is extracted and disposed between the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 and the gasifier 50. The carbon dioxide 42 is supplied from the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59 to the gasifier 50 through the carbon dioxide supply system b, and the coal 1 and char 6 are transported, the gasifier 50 is cooled, and the gasifier 50 is supplied. Used for pressure end purge of pressure gauges installed in

  As an additional effect in the gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel of this embodiment, high-purity carbon dioxide can be separated by the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator 59, so that the separation is performed without performing pretreatment to remove moisture and the like. The compressed carbon dioxide can be compressed by the compressor, and the carbon dioxide can be effectively used in the gasification power generation system.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  Next, a carbonized gasification power generation system according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 5 has the same basic configuration as the carbonization fuel gasification power generation system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of common configurations are omitted, and different configurations are described below.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 5 raises the temperature of a part of the water 30 recovered from the gas turbine exhaust gas by the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 or the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51. After that, a configuration is shown in which the product gas 20 is sprayed downstream of the gasification furnace 50.

  When generating power using a combined power generation having a gas turbine and a steam turbine, steam is produced by supplying boiler water to the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 or the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 and exhausting heat from the gasification furnace, This steam is supplied to the steam turbine to obtain electric power.

  However, since the gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel of the present embodiment does not include a steam turbine, even if steam is produced by the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 or the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51, Some are used as utilities, but most are not converted to electricity, reducing the power generation efficiency of the gasification power generation system.

  Therefore, in the gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel of the present embodiment, the water recovered by the water recovery unit 65 is between the water recovery unit 65 and the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 provided on the upper side of the gasification furnace 50. A cooling water supply system a <b> 2 that supplies a part of the water 33 to the gasifier heat recovery unit 51 is disposed.

  Then, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a part of the water 33 recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine by the water recovery unit 65 is converted into a gasification furnace 50 from the water recovery unit 65 through the cooling water supply system a2. Is supplied to a gasifier heat recovery section 51 provided on the upper portion of the gas generator, and the heat of the generated gas 20 is recovered in the water 33 by the gasifier heat recovery section 51.

  The water 33 supplied through the cooling water supply system a2 and heated by recovering the heat of the product gas 20 in the gasifier heat recovery section 51 is downstream from the gasifier heat recovery section 51 in the dust removing device 53. The temperature rising water supply system b that is supplied to the water washing tower 54 installed in the water is branched and supplied to the cooling tower 52, and sprayed onto the product gas 20 flowing down the cooling tower 52 as spray water 34.

  The spray amount of the spray water 34 sprayed on the cooling tower 52 is adjusted by a flow rate adjusting valve 80.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the structure of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 provided on the upper part of the gasification furnace 50 is a structure in which water cooling pipes 78 arranged in a vertical direction are arranged in a cylindrical shape, or the water cooling pipes 78 are spiral. Adopted a cylindrical structure wound around.

  The amount of water 33 supplied from the water recovery unit 65 to the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 is set so that the material constituting the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 does not reach a high temperature, and the flow meter set on the pipe Control is performed by operating the flow rate adjustment valve 82 so that the indicated value 92 becomes a specified value.

  In this way, a certain amount of water 33 is circulated to the gasifier heat recovery unit 51, and the total amount of water 33 that has passed through the gasifier heat recovery unit 51 is sprayed water 34 via the flow rate adjustment valve 80, and the cooling tower 52. When the gas is sprayed, the gas temperature of the product gas 20 before the dedusting device 53 falls below a specified value depending on the operating conditions of the gasifier 50.

  Therefore, the supply amount of water 34 from the gasifier heat recovery section 51 to the cooling tower 52 is controlled by the flow rate adjusting valve 80 so that the indicated value of the thermometer 90 installed at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 becomes a specified value. To do.

  Then, a heated water supply system b is disposed between the gasifier heat recovery section 51 and the flush tower 54 installed on the downstream side of the dust removing device 53, and the temperature is raised and cooled by the gasifier heat recovery section 51. Excess water 24 that is not supplied to the tower 52 is supplied to the flush tower 54 through the heated water supply system b.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  Next, a carbonized gasification power generation system according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 7 has the same basic configuration as the carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of common configurations are omitted, and different configurations are described below.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 7 includes the water 30 separated and recovered by the water recovery unit 65 between the water recovery unit 65 and the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50. A cooling water supply system a3 for guiding a part thereof is provided.

  A part of the water 30 recovered from the exhaust gas by the water recovery unit 65 of the gas turbine is supplied to the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 through the cooling water supply system a3, and the generated gas is generated at the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 A part of the water 33 heated by 20 is supplied from the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 to the cooling tower 52 and sprayed as spray water 34. The spray amount of the spray water 34 sprayed on the cooling tower 52 is adjusted by a flow rate adjusting valve 80.

  Similarly to the heat recovery unit 51, the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 has a cylindrical structure in which water cooling pipes arranged in a vertical direction are arranged, or a cylindrical structure in which the water cooling pipes are spirally wound. According to the construction, a refractory material is constructed to protect the metal material from the high temperature in the gasification furnace 50.

  The amount of water 30 supplied from the water collector 65 to the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 through the cooling water supply system a3 flows to the cooling water supply system a3 in order to protect the material of the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50. A meter 92 and a flow rate adjusting valve 82 are provided so that the supply amount of the specified amount of water 30 flows, and the flow rate detection value of the flow meter 92 installed in the cooling water supply system a3 is set to a specified value. The supply amount of the water 30 is controlled by adjusting the opening of the adjustment valve 82.

  In this way, a constant amount of water 30 is circulated through the cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 through the cooling water supply system a3, and the cooling water 34 heated from the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 is sprayed on the cooling tower 52. Then, depending on the operating conditions of the gasification furnace 50, the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 may be lower than the specified value.

  Therefore, a thermometer 90 is installed at the inlet of the dust removing device 53, and the temperature-increased cooling supplied from the water-cooled wall of the gasification furnace 50 to the cooling tower 52 so that the detected temperature of the thermometer 90 becomes a specified value. The supply amount of the water 34 is controlled by the flow rate adjusting valve 80 so that the gas temperature at the inlet of the dust removing device 53 always satisfies the specified value regardless of the operating conditions of the gasifier 50.

  A heated water supply system b is disposed between the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50 and the water washing tower 54 installed on the downstream side of the dust removing device 53, and the temperature is raised and cooled by the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 50. Excess water 24 not supplied to the tower 52 is supplied to the water washing tower 54 installed on the downstream side of the dust removing device 53 through the heated water supply system b.

  Further, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, water recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine by the water recovery unit 65 is supplied only to the gasifier heat recovery section 51 through the cooling water supply system a, and is shown in FIG. In the fifth embodiment, only the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace 5 is supplied through the cooling water supply system a3. However, both the cooling water supply system a and the cooling water supply system a3 are provided and the water collector 65 is used. You may comprise so that the water collect | recovered from waste gas may be supplied to both the gasifier heat recovery part 51 and the water cooling wall of the gasifier 5. FIG.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  Next, a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  The carbonized fuel gasification power generation system of this embodiment shown in FIG. 8 has the same basic configuration as the carbonization fuel gasification power generation system of the first embodiment shown in FIG. Descriptions of common configurations are omitted, and different configurations are described below.

  In the carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment shown in FIG. 8, in the fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the water 33 that is a part of the water 30 recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine by the water recovery device 65. Is supplied from the water recovery unit 65 to the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 through the cooling water supply system a2 to raise the temperature with the heat of the product gas 20, and the water 33 thus heated is recovered in the gasification furnace heat recovery. Although the example which sprays on the product gas 20 which branches from the temperature rising water supply system b supplied to the flush tower 54 from the part 51, is supplied to the cooling tower 52, and flows down the cooling tower 52 as the spray water 34 was shown, gasification is shown. A hole is formed in the water cooling pipe 78 of the furnace heat recovery section 51 so that the water 33 supplied to the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 through the cooling water supply system a2 is sprayed on the generated gas 20 in the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51. May be.

  In this case, it is desirable to embed a spray nozzle in the hole of the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 and bring the water 33 from the spray nozzle into contact with the product gas 20 in the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 as fine water droplets. .

  When a hole is formed in the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 and the water 33 is sprayed by the gasifier heat recovery section 51, the gasification power generation of the carbon-based fuel of this embodiment shown in FIG. As in the system, a tank 67 is provided for storing a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit 65 as water to be supplied to the gasification furnace 50 from the water recovery unit 65. The tank 67 is pressurized by the pump 68 from the tank 67. A supply pipe for supplying water 33 to the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 is provided.

  In addition, a plurality of return pipes are provided for returning the heated water 24 heated by the generated gas 20 from the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 to the tank 67.

  Water needs to flow through the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 so that the material constituting the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 does not reach a high temperature. Therefore, thermometers 95 and 96 for measuring the temperature of the heating water 24 and the flow rate of the heating water 24 are connected to the plurality of return pipes for returning the heating water 24 from the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery section 51 to the tank 67. The flow rate adjusting valves 84 and 85 to be adjusted are installed, respectively, and the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 84 and 85 is operated based on the detected temperature of the temperature rising water 24 detected by the thermometers 95 and 96. A second control device 99 for adjusting the flow rate is installed.

  When the detected temperature of the heated water 24 detected by the thermometers 95 and 96 is high, the second control device 99 is operated to increase the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valves 84 and 85 from the tank 67. The circulation amount of the water 33 supplied to the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 is increased, and the temperature rise of the heated water 24 is suppressed.

  When the detected temperature of the heated water 24 detected by the thermometers 95 and 96 is low, the second control device 99 is operated to reduce the opening of the flow rate adjusting valves 84 and 85 from the tank 67. The circulation amount of the water 33 supplied to the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 is reduced, and the temperature of the heated water 24 is increased.

  In order to maintain the temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 at a specified value, it is necessary to increase or decrease the spray amount of the cooling water 33 sprayed on the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51. For this purpose, a pressure gauge 94 for measuring pressure is installed in the supply pipe on the outlet side of the pump 68, and the set value of the pressure of the generated gas 20 detected by the pressure gauge 94 is set on the downstream side of the gasifier heat recovery section 51. The second control device based on the detected temperature of the product gas 20 detected by the thermometer 90 so that the temperature of the product gas 20 detected by the thermometer 90 installed upstream of the knock-out drum 59 installed at 1 is maintained at a specified value. 99 adjusts the pressure setting of the pump 68.

  That is, when the detected temperature of the product gas 20 on the downstream side of the gasification furnace heat recovery unit 51 detected by the thermometer 90 is low on the upstream side of the knockout drum 59, it is based on the command signal from the second control device 99. Thus, the set value of the pressure of the pump 68 is lowered to reduce the amount of water 33 flowing through the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasifier heat recovery section 51, and the water 33 sprayed from the gasifier heat recovery section 51 to the product gas 20. Try to reduce the amount of spray.

  Further, when the detected temperature of the product gas 20 upstream of the knockout drum 59 on the downstream side of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 detected by the thermometer 90 is high, based on the command signal from the second control device 99. The set value of the pressure of the pump 68 is increased to increase the amount of water 33 flowing through the water cooling pipe 78 of the gasifier heat recovery unit 51, and the water 33 sprayed on the product gas 20 from the gasifier heat recovery unit 51 is increased. Control is performed so that the temperature of the product gas 20 at the outlet of the gasifier heat recovery section 51 detected by the thermometer 90 is maintained at a specified value as the spray amount increases.

  In order to adjust the pressure of the water 33 at the outlet of the pump 68, a second pipe returning from the outlet of the pump 68 to the tank 67 is provided, and a flow rate adjusting valve 83 is installed in the second pipe.

  When the pressure of the water 33 at the outlet of the pump 68 detected by the pressure gauge 94 is higher than the set value, the flow rate adjusting valve 83 is generated by a command signal output from the control device 99 based on the detected pressure detected by the pressure gauge 94. When the pressure of the water 33 at the outlet of the pump 68 detected by the pressure gauge 94 is lower than the set value, the flow rate adjusting valve is controlled by a command signal output from the control device 99. Control to adjust the opening of 83 to be small is performed.

  As an additional effect of the above-described carbon-based fuel gasification power generation system of the present embodiment, the control device can improve the reliability of the gasification power generation system.

  According to the present embodiment, in a carbonized fuel gasification power generation system in which carbonaceous fuel is gasified and supplied to the gas turbine as fuel to generate electric power, an absorbing liquid that operates at a low temperature is provided between the gasification furnace and the gas turbine. Even when the desulfurization apparatus to be used is installed, it is possible to realize a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that can obtain high power generation efficiency by guiding the exhaust heat of the gasification furnace to the gas turbine.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is applicable to a gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel that generates power using carbon-based fuel such as coal or biomass, and in particular, carbon-based fuel generated by gasifying carbon-based fuel and generating power using a gas turbine. Applicable to gasification power generation system.

  a: cooling water supply system, a2: cooling water supply system, a3: cooling water supply system, b: heated water supply system, c: carbon dioxide supply system, 1: coal (carbon fuel), 2: oxygen (oxidant) 3) Coal carrier gas, 4: Char carrier gas, 5: Slag, 6: Char, 7: Air, 8: Washing tower washing water, 9: Spray water for gas turbine air, 10: Water recovery device Feed water, 11: Absorption liquid, 50: Gasification furnace, 51: Gasification furnace heat recovery section, 52: Cooler, 53: Dedusting device, 54: Flushing tower, 55: Shift reactor, 56: Absorption tower, 57: Knockout drum, 58: Regeneration tower, 59: Carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator, 60: Gas turbine combustor, 61: Gas turbine compressor, 62: Gas turbine, 63: Gas turbine generator, 64: Humidification Tower, 65: water recovery tower, 66: chimney, 70-74: heat exchange 75: Water recovery distribution pipe, 76: Water spray header, 77: Water spray pipe, 78: Water cooling pipe, 80-89: Flow rate adjusting valve, 90: Thermometer, 91: Water recovery tower level meter, 92 : Flow meter, 93: Water tank level meter, 94: Pressure gauge, 95-97: Thermometer, 98, 99: Control device.

Claims (13)

A gasification furnace for producing a product gas mainly composed of carbon monoxide and hydrogen by gasifying carbon-based fuel with an oxidant;
A heat recovery unit that is installed at the top of the gasification furnace and recovers the heat of the produced gas produced in the gasification furnace;
A cooling tower that is installed downstream of the gasification furnace and sprays water on the produced gas produced in the gasification furnace to cool the produced gas, and generates steam.
Dedusting equipment for dedusting the product gas installed in the gasification furnace installed downstream of the cooling tower;
A first heat exchanger that is installed on the downstream side of the dust removal equipment and heats the product gas that has flowed down the dust removal equipment to raise the temperature of the product gas that has passed through the washing tower;
A shift reactor installed downstream of the heat exchanger to convert carbon monoxide and water vapor in the product gas added with water vapor generated in the first heat exchanger to convert it into carbon dioxide and hydrogen;
An absorption tower that is installed on the downstream side of the shift reactor and absorbs at least hydrogen sulfide in the product gas that has passed through the shift reactor, into an absorption liquid;
Installed on the downstream side of the shift reactor where the product gas taken out of the absorption tower and from which hydrogen sulfide in the product gas has been removed is indirectly heat-exchanged with the product gas that has passed through the shift reactor to raise the temperature of the product gas. A second heat exchanger;
A gas turbine combustor for generating combustion gas by introducing and burning the generated gas heated in the second heat exchanger as fuel;
A gas turbine driven by combustion gas generated in the gas turbine combustor;
A generator for generating electricity driven by the gas turbine;
A water recovery unit that is installed in a flow path of exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine and recovers moisture contained in the exhaust gas by cooling the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine;
A humidification tower is provided for humidifying the combustion air by spraying a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit onto the combustion air pressurized by the compressor of the gas turbine and supplied to the gas turbine combustor. ,
Furthermore, a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit is used as cooling water from the water recovery unit to the gasification furnace, a heat recovery unit provided in the gasification furnace, and cooling installed downstream of the gasification furnace A cooling water supply system for supplying to any one of the towers is disposed, and cooling water is supplied from the water recovery device to any of the gasification furnace, the heat recovery unit, and the cooling tower through the cooling water supply system. A carbonized gasification power generation system characterized by: The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 1,
A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system, wherein a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit is supplied as cooling water from the water recovery unit to a water cooling wall of the gasification furnace through the cooling water supply system. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 1,
Gasification of carbon-based fuel characterized in that a part of water recovered by the water recovery unit is supplied as cooling water from the water recovery unit to a heat recovery unit provided in the gasification furnace through the cooling water supply system. Power generation system. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 1,
A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system, wherein a part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit is supplied as cooling water from the water recovery unit to the cooling tower through the cooling water supply system. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 2,
The temperature of the water recovered by the water recovery device and supplied to the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace is increased by indirect heat exchange with the product gas at the water cooling wall of the gasification furnace,
A heated water supply system is arranged from the water cooling wall of the gasifier to a water washing tower installed downstream of the dust removing device, and a part of the heated water heated by the water cooling wall of the gasifier is A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system, which flows down to the washing tower through a hot water supply system. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 3,
The temperature of the water recovered by the water recovery unit and supplied to the heat recovery unit of the gasifier is increased by indirect heat exchange with the product gas in the heat recovery unit of the gasifier,
A part of the heated water heated by the heat recovery part of the gasification furnace is provided by arranging a temperature rising water supply system from the heat recovery part of the gasification furnace to the washing tower installed downstream of the dust removing device. A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system characterized in that it is caused to flow down to the washing tower through the temperature rising water supply system. The gasification power generation system of carbon fuel according to claim 4,
The water recovered by the water recovery unit and supplied to the cooling tower installed on the downstream side of the gasification furnace is heated by indirect heat exchange with the generated gas in the cooling tower to generate water vapor. Is flown down to the downstream side of the cooling tower together with the product gas. In the gasification power generation system of the carbon fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
A regeneration tower that is installed downstream of the absorption tower and separates the hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from the absorption liquid that has absorbed hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide in the absorption tower to regenerate the absorption liquid;
A carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator that is installed downstream of the regeneration tower and separates carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide separated from the absorbent in the regeneration tower;
Disposing a carbon dioxide supply system from the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator to the gasifier;
A carbon fuel gasification power generation system, wherein carbon dioxide separated by the carbon dioxide / hydrogen sulfide separator is supplied to the gasification furnace through the carbon dioxide supply system. The gasification power generation system of the carbon fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
Install a thermometer that detects the temperature of the product gas at the entrance of the dedusting facility installed downstream of the gasification furnace,
A flow rate adjusting valve for adjusting the cooling water supply amount is installed in the cooling water supply system,
The amount of cooling water supplied by the flow rate adjusting valve is adjusted based on the temperature of the product gas detected by the thermometer, and the cooling water is supplied from the water recovery unit through the cooling water supply system to the gasification furnace and the heat recovery. And a supply amount of cooling water supplied to any one of the cooling towers is controlled. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 3,
A part of the water recovered by the water recovery unit is used as cooling water, and a cooling water supply system that supplies the water recovery unit from the water recovery unit to a heat recovery unit provided in the gasification furnace is branched into a plurality of heat recoverys of the gasification furnace. A branch pipe that is divided and supplied in multiple stages is arranged in the section,
These branch pipes are provided with nozzles for spraying cooling water on the heat recovery section of the gasification furnace, and each flow control valve is installed in each branch pipe divided into a plurality of stages,
Install a thermometer that detects the temperature of the product gas at the outlet of the heat recovery section of the gasifier,
A control device for operating the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve installed in the branch pipe based on the detected temperature of the generated gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasification furnace detected by the thermometer,
Based on the detected temperature of the generated gas at the outlet of the heat recovery section of the gasification furnace detected by the thermometer, the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve is adjusted by the control device based on the detected temperature of the generated gas from the nozzle provided in these branch pipes A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system, wherein the temperature of the generated gas is controlled at an outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasification furnace by adjusting an amount of cooling water sprayed on the heat recovery unit of the gasification furnace. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 3,
The gasifier heat recovery unit is configured with a water-cooled wall structure using a plurality of water-cooled tubes,
These water-cooled pipes are provided with holes or nozzles for spraying part of the cooling water to the product gas flowing down the gasifier heat recovery section,
The cooling water supplied from the water recovery unit is heated by the heat of the product gas in the gasification furnace heat recovery unit, and a hole or nozzle provided in the water cooling pipe with the temperature increase water raised in the gasification furnace heat recovery unit A gasification power generation system for carbon-based fuel, characterized in that it is sprayed onto the product gas. The gasification power generation system of the carbon-based fuel according to claim 3,
A tank for storing a part of the water recovered from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine by the water recovery device;
A supply pipe for guiding the water stored in this tank to the heat recovery section of the gasifier,
A pump that is provided in the supply pipe and supplies water stored in a tank to a heat recovery unit of the gasification furnace;
A return pipe for returning water from the heat recovery section of the gasifier to the tank;
A flow rate adjusting valve that is provided in the return pipe and adjusts the flow rate of water flowing between the heat recovery section of the gasifier and the tank through the return pipe;
A thermometer that is installed at the outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasifier and detects the temperature of the product gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasifier;
A second control device for adjusting the flow rate of water by the flow rate adjustment valve based on the temperature of the product gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasification furnace detected by the thermometer;
Based on the detected temperature of the product gas at the outlet of the heat recovery unit of the gasifier detected by the thermometer, the second control device adjusts the opening of the flow rate adjusting valve to adjust the heat recovery unit of the gasifier. A carbonized gasification power generation system characterized by controlling the temperature of a product gas at an outlet. The gasification power generation system of the carbon fuel according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
A gas gas heat exchanger that heats the gas turbine combustion air by exchanging heat with the gas turbine combustion air supplied to the gas turbine combustor using the exhaust gas discharged from the gas turbine as a heat source;
Installing a condensation heat exchanger that cools the exhaust gas that has passed through the gas gas heat exchanger and condenses the moisture contained in the exhaust gas;
A carbonized fuel gasification power generation system characterized in that water in exhaust gas condensed by the condensation heat exchanger is supplied to the water recovery unit.

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