JP2013241743A - Soil discharge device for shield excavator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily perform maintenance of a ribbon screw in the state where excavated sediment is prevented from entering the ribbon screw from the inside of a chamber, in the middle of tunnel excavation, in a screw conveyer including the ribbon screw which carries out the excavated sediment including boulders excavated by a cutter head.SOLUTION: A rear end of a ribbon screw 12 of which the front end portion protrudes into a chamber 4, is connected to a rotary driving mechanism 40 provided in a rear end portion 11a of a casing 11 in which the ribbon screw 12 is mounted, the rear end portion 11a can be separated backward from a rear part of the casing 11, and the front end portion of the ribbon screw 12 can be accommodated within a front end opening part of the casing 11. In such a state, the front end opening part of the casing 11 is closed with a partition gate 6, such that maintenance of inside of the casing 11 can be performed from the inside of a screw conveyer.

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a soil removal device disposed in a large-diameter shield excavator, and more particularly, to a soil removal device including a ribbon screw for carrying boulders contained in soil excavated by a cutter head to the rear together with excavated soil. Is.

  Conventionally, as a soil digging device in a shield excavator that digs a tunnel while preventing the collapse of the face by mud pressure, the shaft is used when the excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter head contains relatively large diameter gravel. Ribbon-type screw conveyors that are not equipped are used.In other cases, screw-type screw conveyors with shafts are used. There is a risk of eruption, and a screw conveyor with a shaft cannot carry out large-diameter gravel even if it has water-stopping properties.

  For this reason, as described in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a ribbon screw conveyor and a screw conveyor with a shaft are used, and the front end opening of the ribbon screw conveyor passes through the lower end of the partition wall of the shield body and is a chamber. A discharge port opened downward is provided in the lower peripheral portion of the rear end of the casing of the ribbon screw conveyor, and the discharge port is opened and closed by a first gate. There has been developed a soil removal device in which a conveying start end of a screw conveyor with a shaft is connected to and communicated with an opening, and a gravel dropping opening that is opened and closed by a second gate is provided at the bottom of the conveying start.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-164398 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-24718

  According to the above earth removal device, when maintenance and inspection of a ribbon screw conveyor or a screw conveyor with a shaft is performed during tunnel excavation work, in the screw conveyor with a shaft, the tunnel excavation by the shield excavator is interrupted. After stopping the transport of excavated sediment by the ribbon screw conveyor and the screw conveyor with shaft, the first gate is closed to prevent the excavated soil from the ribbon screw conveyor from entering the screw conveyor with shaft. At the same time, if the shafted screw conveyor is operated to remove the excavated earth and sand from the discharge port provided on the rear end side of the shafted screw conveyor, the inspection work of the screw blades and the like can be performed.

  However, in the ribbon screw conveyor, the opening at the front end thereof communicates with the inside of the chamber. Therefore, excavated earth and sand in the chamber that suppresses the face by mud pressure is always taken into the casing of the ribbon screw conveyor. Therefore, even if the excavated sediment including gravel staying in the ribbon screw conveyor is discharged to the screw conveyor with the shaft, the excavated sediment in the chamber is taken into the casing, It cannot be emptied.

  Therefore, even if the ribbon screw conveyor has a large diameter, an operator cannot enter the ribbon screw conveyor from the first gate side and perform maintenance, repair, etc. such as ribbon screw maintenance and inspection. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to remove soil including a screw conveyor having a ribbon screw that conveys excavated earth and sand including boulders excavated by a cutter head to the rear. The present invention is to provide a soil removal device in a shield excavator that can easily and reliably perform maintenance and repair of the screw conveyor.

  In order to achieve the above object, the earth removal device in the shield excavator of the present invention is excavated by the cutter head disposed in the front end opening of the shield main body and taken into the chamber as described in claim 1. A soil discharge device for discharging excavated earth and sand containing boulders inserted from the inside of the chamber to the rear, a cylindrical casing having a front end opening facing the chamber from the lower end of the partition wall of the shield body, A screw conveyor having a ribbon screw rotatably disposed in the casing and having a front end projecting into the chamber and a rotation driving mechanism of the ribbon screw disposed at the rear end of the casing. , The rear end of the casing equipped with this rotational drive mechanism can be separated rearward, and the ribbon screw is moved backward together with the rotational drive mechanism The ribbon gate is configured so that the front end portion of the ribbon screw is immersed from the chamber into the front end portion of the casing, and a partition gate that opens and closes the opening end is disposed at the opening end of the casing facing the chamber. It is characterized by that.

  In the earth removing device in the shield excavator thus configured, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that several disconnecting jacks are mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion of the casing of the screw conveyor, and these disconnecting jacks are provided. The piston rod is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the casing having a rotational drive mechanism, and the piston rod is extended to separate the rear end portion from the rear portion of the casing. Features.

  Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the rear end portions of the support member are fixed to both side portions of the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the casing, while the front end portions of the casing are moved forward from the rear end portion of the casing to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the casing. A guide groove is provided in which a support member protruding toward the front is slidably inserted in the front-rear direction.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotational drive mechanism for a ribbon screw, wherein a drive ring having the rear end portion of the ribbon screw fixedly secured to the inner peripheral surface thereof at the rear end portion of the casing is rotatable. The drive ring is provided so as to be rotationally driven by a drive motor mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the casing.

  The invention according to claim 5 connects and communicates with a gate chamber having a first gate that can be opened and closed at the rear end of the rear end portion of the casing, and at the rear end of the gate chamber, A bar screen for classifying into excavated earth and sand containing gravel, a boulder outlet that can be opened and closed by a second gate on one side, and an outlet for discharging excavated earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel into the screw feeder at the bottom. The upper end opening part of the classification chamber provided is connected, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the ribbon screw is rotated at the rear end portion of the screw conveyor in which the ribbon screw is rotatably disposed in the casing with the front end portion protruding into the chamber. A drive mechanism is provided, and the rear end portion of the casing having the rotation drive mechanism is separable rearward, and the ribbon screw is moved rearward together with the rotation drive mechanism, whereby the front end portion of the ribbon screw is moved to the chamber. Since the partition gate that opens and closes the opening end of the casing that is configured to be immersed in the front end portion of the casing from the inside and that faces the inside of the chamber is disposed, By separating the rear end portion of the casing having a rotational drive mechanism from the rear portion to the rear, the casing in the machine The separation part can be opened and the rear end part of the ribbon screw in the casing is pulled out rearward together with the rotary drive mechanism, and the front end part of the ribbon screw is retracted from the chamber into the casing front end part on the back side of the partition wall. Therefore, the front end opening of the casing facing the inside of the chamber from the lower end of the partition wall can be closed by the partition gate without obstructing the front end of the ribbon screw.

  As described above, since the casing gate can be shut off in a watertight state by the partition gate, the mud pressure in the chamber suppressed by the face can be maintained at a predetermined pressure, and in this state By rotating the ribbon screw, the excavated sediment containing gravel remaining in the casing can be removed from the rear opening end of the casing into the machine, so that the casing is emptied and the work is carried out from the machine into the casing. An operator can enter and perform maintenance work on the ribbon screw, inspection work, repair work on worn parts, etc.After such work is completed, the partition gate is opened and the rear end of the casing is advanced to separate it from the rear part. Tunneling can be continued by joining the surfaces.

  Furthermore, according to the invention which concerns on Claim 2, several jacks for detaching are attached to the rear outer peripheral surface of the casing of the screw conveyor, and the piston rods of these detaching jacks are provided with a rotational drive mechanism. The rear end portion of the casing is connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the casing to extend the piston rod so that the rear end portion is separated rearward from the rear portion of the casing. The rear end of the casing equipped with the mechanism can be easily and surely separated from the rear of the casing by a certain distance, and after the maintenance of the screw conveyor maintenance, inspection, etc., the state of the original screw conveyor can be easily Can be restored.

  Moreover, according to the invention of claim 3, the rear end of the support member is fixed to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the casing, while the rear end of the casing is attached to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the casing. Since the guide groove into which the support member protruding forward from the portion is inserted so as to be slidable in the front-rear direction is provided, the rear end portion of the casing separated from the rear portion of the casing is provided by this support member. The work of separating the casing rear end from the rear part of the casing and joining the rear end of the casing to the rear part of the casing can be smoothly performed in a stable state by reliably extending and supporting the rear end of the casing.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a rotational drive mechanism for a ribbon screw, wherein a drive ring is integrally provided at the rear end portion of the casing, the rear end portion of the ribbon screw being fixed integrally to the inner peripheral surface thereof. Since the drive ring is configured to rotate by a drive motor mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the casing, the rotational drive force of the drive motor can be reliably transmitted to the ribbon screw by the drive ring, and the ribbon screw can be smoothly moved. Not only can it be driven to rotate, but the rear end of the casing can be fully communicated rearward through the space surrounded by the drive ring, so that the excavated sediment containing boulders can be reliably carried out rearwardly. be able to.

  Further, according to the invention of claim 5, the gate chamber having the first gate that can be opened and closed at the rear end of the rear end portion of the casing is connected and communicated, and at the rear end of the gate chamber, It is equipped with a bar screen that classifies boulders and drilled earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel, and a boulder outlet that can be opened and closed by a second gate on one side, and drilled earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel at the bottom is discharged to a screw feeder. Since the upper end opening of the classification chamber with a discharge port is connected, the excavated earth and sand containing gravel is smoothly passed from the rear end of the screw conveyor to the classification chamber through the gate chamber in the extending direction. In addition, it can be surely sent out, and can be separated into boulders and excavated earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel by a bar screen disposed in the classification chamber.

  Furthermore, the drilling earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel that has passed through this bar screen can be discharged to the screw feeder through the drilling earth and sand outlet provided at the bottom of the classification chamber, and there is no boulder in the drilling earth and sand. While the feeder can be closed and screw blades are not easily lost, it can be reliably discharged backward, while only the boulders remaining on the bar screen can be discharged to the outside through the boulder outlet.

  At the time of discharging the boulders, the excavation of the shield excavator and the operation of the screw conveyor are stopped and the first gate provided in the gate chamber connected to and communicating with the rear end of the screw conveyor is closed, so that the earth and sand water is discharged. It is possible to prevent eruption toward the classification chamber. By driving the screw feeder in this state, the excavated earth and sand staying in the classification chamber is discharged to the screw feeder side and the bar is placed in the classification chamber. Only the boulders on the screen can be left, and therefore only the boulders can be reliably taken out by opening the second gate provided at the boulder outlet.

The simplified longitudinal section side view of the shield excavator provided with this invention earth removing device. The front view of a cutter head. The simplified perspective view of the earth removal apparatus arrange | positioned in the shield main body. The longitudinal side view of the rotational drive mechanism of a ribbon screw. The side view of the rear part of a screw conveyor. The simplified side view of the whole shield excavator which shows the state which separated the casing rear-end part provided with the rotational drive mechanism of a ribbon screw from the rear part of the casing. The side view of a casing rear part. The front view of the gate chamber provided with the 1st gate. A longitudinal front view of the classification room. The top view of a screw feeder. The longitudinal front view of the earth and sand discharge port part. The partial notch simple perspective view which shows the state which discharges boulders from a classification room.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIGS. 1 to 4, the shield excavator A includes a cylindrical shield body 1 made of a skin plate having a large diameter having an outer diameter of 14 m or more. The spoke-type cutter head 2 rotatably disposed in the front end opening of the shield body 1, the partition wall 3 having its outer peripheral end face fixed integrally to the front end portion of the shield body 1, and the partition wall 3 And the chamber 4 formed by the space between the opposed surfaces of the cutter head 2 and the lower end of the partition wall 3 so that the front end opening faces the chamber 4 and the excavated soil in the chamber 4 A screw conveyor 10 for discharging

  As shown in FIG. 2, the cutter head 2 has a plurality of spokes 2a, each having a plurality of excavating bits and scraper teeth attached to the front, arranged radially from the central portion toward the outer peripheral end. 2a is integrally connected by a ring-shaped frame 2b, and an intake port 2c is provided between adjacent spokes 2a and 2a, which can take boulders B such as boulders and boulders having a maximum diameter of about 1 m together with earth and sand. The cutter head 2 is rotatably supported by the partition wall 3 and can be rotated via a meshing gear by a drive motor 5 disposed on the back surface of the partition wall 3. In addition, a stirring blade 2d is provided so as to protrude rearward.

  The earth removing device for discharging the excavated earth and sand including the gravel that has been excavated by the cutter head 2 and taken into the chamber 4 through the inside of the machine is composed of the screw conveyor 10. A classifying chamber 20 having a classifying means 22 for classifying boulders B and excavated earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel is connected and communicated through a gate chamber 17 having a gate 16, and a lower end opening of the classifying chamber 20 is connected. The screw feeder 50 which conveys the excavated soil discharged from the rear is provided.

  The screw conveyor 10 is a ribbon-type screw conveyor without a shaft in which a ribbon screw 12 is rotatably disposed in a cylindrical casing 11 having a diameter of about 1500 mm capable of transporting boulders B. The front end opening is made watertight in the chamber 4 through a receiving port 3a such as earth and sand opened at the lower end of the partition wall 3, and the casing 11 is inclined obliquely upward from the front end toward the rear end. The ribbon screw 12 is supported and fixed by a support member 9 installed in the rear portion of the shield body 1 in a state, and the ribbon screw 12 projects its front end portion from the receiving port 3a into the lower end portion of the chamber 4 to take in excavated soil or the like. Is configured to do.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the rotational drive mechanism 40 of the ribbon screw 12 is a drive ring in which the rear end portion outer peripheral surface of the ribbon screw 12 is integrally fixed to the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 on the inner peripheral surface. 41 is arranged, and this drive ring 41 is configured to be rotationally driven by a screw drive motor 42 comprising a hydraulic motor. More specifically, a cut-out portion not provided with a casing portion is provided at the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11, and the drive ring 41 having an inner diameter the same as the inner diameter of the casing 11 is rotatably interposed in the cut-out portion. The front and rear opposed peripheral edge portions of the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 facing each other through the cut portion are integrally connected by a hollow frame 43 having a hollow flange shape larger in diameter than the casing 11, and the drive ring An annular protrusion 41a is projected from the center of the outer peripheral surface of 41, and gears 45 rotatably supported in the hollow frame 43 via bearings 44 are fixed to both sides of the outer periphery of the annular protrusion 41a. A pinion 46 fixed to the drive shafts of a plurality of screw drive motors 42 mounted on the front and rear wall surfaces of the hollow frame 42 is engaged with the gear 45.

  Further, the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 in which the rotational drive mechanism 40 of the ribbon screw 12 is disposed is detachable from the rear portion of the casing 11 in a rearward direction as shown in FIGS. In this case, the ribbon screw 12 having the rear end portion fixed to the drive ring 41 provided at the rear end portion 11a is separated from the rear portion of the casing 11 and pulled out rearward from the opening end to protrude into the chamber 4. The front end portion of the screw 12 is configured to be immersed and housed in the front end portion of the casing 11 from a receiving port 3a such as earth and sand opened at the lower end portion of the partition wall 3.

  Specifically, rear end disconnecting jacks 13 are attached to several locations (four sides in the figure) on the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion of the casing 11 that allows the rear end portion 11a to be separated rearward. The front end of the piston rod of the separating jack 13 that expands and contracts is connected to the rear end 11a of the casing 11, and the piston rod is extended to retract the rear end 11a of the casing 11 backward from the rear by a predetermined interval. The rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 is joined to and communicated with the above-mentioned separation end surface with respect to the rear portion of the casing 11 in a watertight state by separating from the rear opening end which is a separation end surface and contracting the piston rod. .

  Further, the rear end portions of the support members 14 and 14 made of a horizontally-long rectangular rigid plate that is long in the length direction of the casing 11 are fixed to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 by bolts or welding. At the same time, projecting portions of these support members 14 and 14 projecting in parallel from the both side surfaces of the rear end portion 11a to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rear portion of the casing 11 to which the rear end portion 11a is joined. A rectangular guide groove 15, 15 that is long in the length direction of the casing 11 that is recessed is slidably inserted in the front-rear direction, and both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the casing 11 are sandwiched between the guide grooves 15, 15. Several guide rollers 15a and 15a are provided to sandwich the upper and lower edges of the support members 14 and 14 and smoothly move the support members 14 and 14 in the front-rear direction.

  The partition gate 6 opens and closes the receiving port 3a at the receiving port 3a which is the opening end of the casing 11 which is opened at the lower end of the partition wall 3 which is the front end opening of the casing 11 facing the chamber 4. Is arranged. The receiving port 3a is formed of a ring-shaped window frame member fixed to the rear surface of the lower end of the partition wall 3, and a circular hole is formed through the receiving port 3a in the lower end portion of the partition wall 3 having the same diameter as the receiving port 3a. A guide groove (not shown) in which the partition gate 6 can be inserted in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction is provided in the receiving port 3a, and the partition gate 6 is inserted into the guide groove from the inside of the machine. Thus, the receiving port 3a is configured to be closed. As a means for operating the partition gate 6 in the opening and closing direction, a jack (not shown) connected to the end of the partition gate 6 is disposed on the rear surface of the lower end of the partition 3 and this jack is operated. However, it may be configured to be opened and closed by other means or by human work.

  On the other hand, a gate chamber 17 having the first gate 16 is connected to and communicated with the rear end opening of the rear end 11a of the casing 11 in the screw conveyor 10. The inner diameter of the gate chamber 17 is formed to be the same as the inner diameter of the casing 11, and as shown in FIG. 8, the inside of the gate chamber 17 is formed into a short circular passage 17a through which excavated earth and sand pushed out from the screw conveyor 10 pass. In addition, the rear part is divided into front and rear, and the opposing end faces are integrally connected by rectangular flanges 18, 18, and gate insertion openings are formed on both sides between the opposing faces of the rectangular flange parts 18, 18. The left and right door plates 16a and 16b constituting the first gate 16 are inserted into the gate chamber 17 through the left and right gate insertion openings so as to be opened and closed in the left and right directions, and the left and right door plates 16a and 16b It is configured to close the internal passage by joining and closely contacting the opposite ends in a butted manner.

  The opening / closing mechanism of the first gate 16 has vertical frame members 16c, 16c on the outer ends of the left and right door plates 16a, 16b projecting outward from the gate insertion openings on both ends of the rectangular flanges 18, 18. The vertical frame members 16c and 16c are fixedly connected to each other between the upper end portions and the lower end portions thereof by first gate jacks 19 and 19 disposed on the upper and lower outer peripheral surfaces of the gate chamber 17, and the first gate jacks. The first gate 16 is opened by extending the 19 and 19 piston rods and closed by being contracted.

  Further, a classification chamber 20 is connected to and communicated with the rear end of the casing 11 of the screw conveyor 10 via a gate chamber 17 having the first gate 16. As shown in FIG. 1, the classifying chamber 20 opens forward in the upper portion thereof, and has an opening 21a connected to and communicating with the rear end opening of the gate chamber 17 (see FIG. 9). The drilling earth and sand dropping cylinder portion 21 is provided, and the drilling earth and sand dropping cylinder portion 21 classifies the lower end opening portion that is bent downward from the receiving port 21a and is bent downward in the shape of an L side. It communicates with the upper part of the chamber 20.

  The classifying chamber 20 having the excavating earth and sand dropping cylinder portion 21 is formed in a rectangular tube shape, and a bar screen 22 for separating the excavating earth and sand and the boulders B is provided in the lower end portion of the classifying chamber 20 as shown in FIG. In addition, a sediment discharge port 23 is provided on the bottom surface of the classification chamber 20, and a boulder discharge port 24 is provided on one side. The bar screen 22 is composed of a plurality of screen bars 22a in which a cylindrical member is rotatably fitted on the outer peripheral surface of a straight bar having a certain length, and the length direction of these screen bars 22a is set to the boulder discharge port. From the screen bar 22a on the other side of the classification chamber 20 at predetermined intervals from the other side of the classification chamber 20 toward the lower end of the boulder outlet 24 in the front-rear direction perpendicular to the 24 direction. The two end portions in the length direction are supported on the front and rear wall surfaces of the classification chamber 20 by being arranged so as to be sequentially lowered toward the screen bar 22a on the boulder outlet 24 side.

  The boulder outlet 24 is formed in a rectangular tube shape with a short length, and the lowest screen bar 22a is arranged at the lower end on the inner end side of the boulder outlet 24, and the boulder B is placed on the screen bar 22a. The discharge standby portion 26 is formed. The gap between the adjacent screen bars 22a, 22a is 500 mm, and the following gravel is dropped together with excavated earth and sand from the earth and sand outlet 23 opened downward through this gap.

  The boulder outlet 24 is provided with a second gate 27 for opening and closing the outlet 24. This second gate 27 is made of a rectangular plate, and is inserted into the boulder outlet 24 through a gap opened in the upper horizontal frame of the boulder outlet 24, and its front and rear edges are opposed to the boulder outlet 24 in the front-rear direction. The guide groove 28 provided in the vertical direction on the inner wall surface is slidable in a vertical and watertight manner, and the boulder outlet 24 is formed at both front and rear ends of the upper end protruding from the upper end of the boulder outlet 24. The second gate 27 is opened and contracted by extending the piston rod by connecting the tip of the piston rod of the second gate jacks 29 and 29 attached to the front and rear outer wall surfaces with the longitudinal direction thereof oriented vertically. It is configured to close.

  Further, an elongated guide hole 30 elongated in the front-rear direction is formed in the lower end portion of the other side wall surface of the classification chamber 20 facing the boulder discharge port 24, and the front end portion of the horizontal plate 31 for projecting boulders from the outside to the guide hole 30 And the horizontal plate drive jacks 32, 32 are attached to the front and rear outer wall surfaces of the classification chamber 20 with the horizontal direction thereof being attached, and the tip of the piston rod of these jacks 32, 32 is bouldered. The horizontal plate 31 is connected to the front and rear portions at the base end portion of the protruding horizontal plate 31, and normally the piston rod is held in an extended state so that the tip of the horizontal plate 31 is located near the inner surface of the other side wall of the classification chamber 20. When the excavated earth and sand dropped into the excavated earth and sand dropping cylinder part 21 is dropped to the earth and sand outlet 23 side through the gap between the adjacent rollers together with the small-diameter gravel etc. 32, 32 fixies The horizontal plate 31 is moved toward the boulder discharge port 24 through the space between the high-order screen bar 22a and the low-order screen bar 22a adjacent to the screen bar 22a by contracting the rod. Is pressed against the lower part of the boulder B and sent out to the outlet 24 side.

  Further, in the classification chamber 20, a detection means (not shown) comprising a detection rod for detecting the boulders B dropped into the classification chamber 20 from the screw conveyor 10 through the excavated earth and sand outlet 18a provided in the gate chamber 17 is shown. When the boulder B is detected by the detecting means, the excavation of the shield excavator A and the screw conveyor 10 are stopped by the signal from the detecting means, and the first gate 16 is closed. After the first gate 16 is closed, the screw feeder 50 is stopped and the third gate 56 provided at the earth and sand discharge port 55 of the screw feeder 50, which will be described later, is closed in conjunction with the closing, and then the boulder is discharged. The second gate 27 is opened and the boulder B is discharged.

  Excavated earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel falling from a downwardly opening earth and sand outlet 23 provided at the lower end of the classification chamber 20 is conveyed backward by the screw feeder 50. As shown in FIG. 10, the screw feeder 50 includes two augers 52 and 52 each having a central axis and a screw blade integrally provided over the entire length in a flat rectangular casing 51 that is long in the front-rear direction. The two screw screw feeders are arranged side by side, and the spiral direction of the screw blades of one auger 52 is directed to the right and the spiral direction of the screw blades of the other auger 52 is directed to the left. .

  Then, on the bottom surface of the casing 51, as shown in FIG. 11, concave grooves 51a, 51a curved in a semicircular arc along the lower peripheral portions of the screw blades of the two augers 52, 52 are formed in parallel. The lower half portions of the screw blades of the augers 52 and 52 are respectively fitted into the concave grooves 51a and 51a, and the front and rear ends of the auger shaft are rotatably supported on the front and rear walls of the casing 51. The front end portion of the auger shaft protruding from the front wall is configured to be rotated by auger rotation drive motors 53 and 53 attached to the outer surface of the front wall. In this case, the output shafts of the auger rotation drive motors 53, 53 are rotated in opposite directions, and the screw blades of these augers 52, 52 are rotated in the direction of feeding the excavated earth and sand backward.

  Furthermore, an earth and sand receiving port 54 opened upward is provided at the front end portion of the upper wall plate portion of the casing 51. The earth and sand receiving port 54 has an opening width in the left-right direction substantially equal to the lateral width of the casing 51, and is formed in the same size and shape as the earth and sand outlet 23 opened at the lower end of the classification chamber 20. Removably connected to the earth and sand discharge port 23 without being opened or closed by a gate or the like, and provided in the machine with the casing 51 gently inclined obliquely upward from the front end toward the rear end. The support member 9 is supported.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a sediment discharge port 55 opened downward is provided at the rear end of the lower wall plate portion of the casing 51. The sediment discharge port 55 is slidable in the front-rear direction. The third gate 56 is opened and closed. Specifically, the third gate jack 57 is attached to the front portion of the lower surface of the lower wall plate portion of the casing 51 with the length direction directed to the length direction of the casing 51, and the tip of the piston rod of the third gate jack 57 is attached. Is connected to the front end of the third gate 56, and the piston rod of the third gate jack 57 is contracted to move the third gate 56 forward to open the earth and sand discharge port 55. By extending, the third gate 56 is moved rearward and the earth and sand discharge port 55 is hermetically sealed.

  Below the earth and sand discharge port 55, the excavated earth and sand is disposed in a state where the upper surface of the front end portion of the belt conveyor 60 for discharging the earth and sand through the tunnel built in accordance with the excavation of the shield excavator A is faced. . As is well known, the shield body 1 has a plurality of shield jacks 8 for propelling the shield body 1 by applying a reaction force to the front end face of the assembled segment and the erector 7 that assembles the segment on the inner wall surface of the excavated tunnel. Etc. are arranged.

  The operation of the earth removing device in the shield excavator A configured as described above will be described. First, in order to excavate the face ground by the shield excavator A, as is well known, a water supply pipe (not shown) is provided from the rear side in the machine. The high pressure water is supplied and filled in the chamber 4 to generate mud pressure in the chamber 4, and the cutter head 2 is driven to rotate while the mud pressure prevents the face from collapsing, and the shield jack 8 is extended by propelling the shield body 1, and every time a tunnel of a certain length is excavated, the segments are assembled in a ring shape by the erector 7 to cover the tunnel excavation wall surface.

  The excavated earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 2 is taken into the chamber 4, agitated by the agitating blade 2 d protruding from the rear surface of the cutter head 2, mixed with the pressure water in the chamber 4, and plastically fluidized. However, it is taken into the casing 11 of the screw conveyor 10 through a receiving port 3a such as earth and sand provided at the lower end of the partition wall 3. The rotation of the ribbon screw 12 of the screw conveyor 10 is driven by driving the screw drive motor 42 disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 to fix the rear end portion of the ribbon screw 12. The excavated sediment is taken into the casing 11 by the tip of the ribbon screw 12 projecting into the chamber 4 from the receiving port 3a by rotating the ring 41, and the casing 11 is moved backward by the rotation of the ribbon screw 12. Transport to.

  During tunnel excavation by the shield excavator A, the first gate 16 provided in the gate chamber 17 connected to and communicated with the rear end of the screw conveyor 10 and the third gate 56 provided in the earth and sand discharge port 55 of the screw feeder 50 are provided. Is opened, the second gate 27 provided in the boulder outlet 24 of the classification chamber 20 is closed, and the excavated earth and sand transported to the transport end of the screw conveyor 10 by the ribbon screw 12 is 1 Passes through the earth and sand outlet 18a in the gate chamber 17 opened by the gate 16, and is introduced into the cylinder portion 21 directed upward and downward from the upper end receiving port 21a of the classification chamber 20, and in the lower end portion of the classification chamber 20 In the screw feeder 50 from the earth and sand discharge port 23 opened downward to the lower end of the classification chamber 20 through the space between the adjacent screen bars in the bar screen 16 constituting the classification means 22 disposed in It is made.

  In the plurality of screen bars 22a to 22a constituting the bar screen 22, the gap between the adjacent screen bars is set to 500 mm. Through the earth and sand receiving port 54 of the screw feeder 50 connected to and communicated with the earth and sand discharge port 23 and dropped into the conveying start end of the screw feeder 50 and conveyed rearward by the parallel augers 52 and 52 of the screw feeder 50. The At this time, the gravel is conveyed backward while being pushed between the augers 52, 52 while being pushed by the screw blades of these augers 52, 52, and conveyed by the screw feeder 50 together with the excavated earth and sand. It falls on the conveyance start end part of the belt conveyor 60 through the earth and sand discharge port 55 opened downward at the terminal part, and is discharged backward through the tunnel by the belt conveyor 60.

  Since the screw conveyor 10 that takes in the excavated sediment in the chamber 4 is a ribbon screw conveyor without a shaft, there is a possibility that the excavated sediment will be low and there will be a spill of sediment water. Since the screw feeder 50 is made to follow through 20, the length of the conveyance path becomes long and sufficient water stoppage is exhibited, and the screw feeder 50 is composed of a screw with a shaft, so the degree of filling of excavated soil is high. An earthen plug effect is exerted, and eruption of earth and sand water can be reliably prevented.

  Next, when the boulder B is taken into the chamber 4 by the cutter head 2 during the excavation of the shield excavator A, the boulder B faces the chamber 4 from the lower end portion of the partition wall 3 together with the excavated earth and sand as described above. The upper end of the classification chamber 20 is taken in by the ribbon screw 12 of the screw conveyor 10 and conveyed backward through the screw conveyor 10 and passes through the earth and sand delivery outlet 18a in the gate chamber 17 opened by opening the first gate 16. The sand and sand are introduced into the classification chamber 20 from the receiving port 21a and the small gravel is introduced into the screw feeder 50 through the adjacent screen bars 20a and 20a of the classification means 22 as described above, while the boulder B is the boulder. B is received on the screen bars 22a, 22a arranged under the B dropping path, and is formed from the high-order screen bar 22a toward the low-order screen bar 22a. While the cylindrical members of the screen bars 22a are rotated by the sliding contact friction force with the boulders according to the inclined angle, the boulders are waiting to be discharged to the boulder outlet 23 provided on the one end side of the classification chamber 20 by their own weight. It moves to the unit 26 and stops on the discharge standby unit 26.

  On the other hand, when this boulder B enters the classification chamber 20, it is detected by the detection means arranged in the classification chamber 20, and the detection signal stops the excavation of the shield excavator A and the ribbon screw 12 of the screw conveyor 10. After the ribbon screw 12 is stopped, the right and left door plates 16a and 16b of the first gate 16 are immediately moved in the closing direction in conjunction with this, and the opposing inner end surfaces of the door plates 16a and 16b are moved. By joining them in a butted manner, the passage 17a is closed as shown in FIG. In addition, as the boulder detection means, a means using a weight meter, a density meter, detection of rotational torque of a screw conveyor, CT scan, X-ray, etc. may be employed in addition to the detection rod.

  Even after the first gate 16 is closed, the screw feeder 50 is operated and the augers 52 and 52 convey the excavated sediment in the casing 51 rearward. The excavated sediment in the classification chamber 20 is screwed in accordance with this conveyance. When there is a space in which the horizontal plate 31 for extruding the boulders protruding from the front end earth and sand receiving port 54 of the feeder 50 into the casing 51 of the screw feeder 50 and pushing out the boulders B into the classification chamber 20 can be operated smoothly, The operation of the feeder 50 is stopped and the second gate 27 is operated upward to open the boulder outlet 24 as shown in FIGS. In order to confirm that the excavated sediment in the classification chamber 20 has been removed, a sediment detection means such as a sediment detection rod is provided in the lower part of the classification chamber 20, and a signal from the sediment detection means is used. The screw feeder 50 may be stopped, and the time when the excavated sediment is discharged from the classification chamber 20 by the operation of the screw feeder 50 is set in advance, and the screw feeder 50 is stopped when this time is reached. You may let them. Further, the third gate that opens and closes the earth and sand discharge port 55 of the screw feeder 50 may be kept open.

  When the boulder discharge port 24 is opened by the second gate 27, the horizontal plate drive jack 57 is operated in conjunction with the opening, and the boulder ejection horizontal plate 31 is moved from the other side wall surface of the classification chamber 20 to the boulder discharge port 24. Is moved toward the side wall surface side, the tip surface is pressed against the lower part of the boulder B, and further moved to push the boulder B from the discharge standby part 26 toward the boulder outlet 24, It pushes out from the discharge port 24 to one side outside the classification chamber 20.

  Below the one side of the classification chamber 20, a boulder carrying truck 61 is waiting, and the boulders B discharged from the outlet 24 are dropped into the carriage 61, and the carriage 61 is moved from the cabin to the rear of the tunnel. It travels on the track (not shown) laid to the part and transports it to the rear boulder processing part.

  After discharging the boulder B in this manner, the tunnel is dug again by the shield excavator A and the first and third gates 16 and 56 are opened as described above, while the boulder outlet 24 of the classification chamber 20 is opened. After the second gate 27 for opening and closing is closed, the screw conveyor 10 is operated to take the excavated soil excavated by the cutter head 2 and carry it into the classification chamber 20 to include boulders B in the excavated sediment. In the classifying chamber 20, the boulder B and the excavated earth and sand are sieved and the excavated earth and sand are sent to the screw feeder 50, while the boulder B is discharged from the boulder outlet 24 to the outside.

  Further, when performing maintenance of the ribbon screw 12 of the screw conveyor 10 during tunnel excavation by the shield excavator A, several disconnecting jacks 13 attached to the rear outer peripheral surface of the casing 11 of the screw conveyor 10 are provided. The rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 of the screw conveyor 10 having the rotational drive mechanism 40 of the ribbon screw 12 by extending the piston rod of the rear end portion of the casing 11 is joined to the front end face of the rear end portion 11a. Cut backward from the open end face.

  At this time, the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 is fitted into the guide grooves 15 and 15 on both side surfaces of the rear portion of the casing 11, and the upper and lower end surfaces thereof are supported by the guide rollers 15a and 15a. Therefore, as the piston rod of the detaching jack 13 extends, the casing 11 is smoothly and reliably separated from the rear portion of the casing 11 in the axially extending direction of the casing 11 in a reliable and stable manner. The rotational drive mechanism 40 of the ribbon screw 12 provided at the rear end portion 11a is also retracted integrally with the rear end portion 11a, and the rear end portion of the ribbon screw 12 fixed to the drive ring 41 of the rotational drive mechanism 40 is While pulling out from the rear part of the casing 11, the front end of the ribbon screw 12 is opened to the front of the casing 11 from the receiving port 3 a such as earth and sand opened at the lower end of the partition wall 3 by this drawing. Immerse and store in the end.

  After that, the inlet 3a is sealed by the partition gate 6 provided at the inlet 3a to prevent mud soil in the chamber 4 from entering the casing 11, and in this state the ribbon screw 12 The excavated earth and sand in the casing 11 is discharged from the rear opening end of the casing 11 to the outside by being driven to rotate, and is received in the cart that has been waiting in advance, or stored in a container and transported backward. .

  After removing the excavated sediment in the casing 11 of the screw conveyor 10 in this way, an operator enters the casing 11 from the rear opening end of the casing 11 separating the rear end portion 11a, and maintenance, inspection, etc. of the ribbon screw 12 are performed. After carrying out maintenance, repairing damaged parts, etc., the partition gate 6 is operated in the opening direction to open the inlet 3a for earth and sand facing the chamber 4, and the piston of the disconnecting jack 13 By contracting the rod, the front end opening portion of the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 is joined and brought into close contact with the opposed open end of the rear portion of the casing 11, and the ribbon screw 12 is advanced together with the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 The front end portion protrudes from the receiving port 3a into the chamber 4 so that gravel and excavated soil can be discharged.

  A screw feeder 50 is connected to the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 from the gate chamber 17 through the classification chamber 20. The screw feeder 50 and the like are disposed on the support member 9 supporting these. 11 is arranged so as to be movable in the axial extension direction, and is configured so that the rear end portion 11a of the casing 11 can be smoothly detached during the maintenance work of the ribbon screw 12 of the screw conveyor 10. doing.

A Shield excavator B Boulder 1 Shield body 2 Cutter head 4 Chamber
10 Screw conveyor
11 Casing
11a Rear end of casing
12 Ribbon screw
13 Disconnecting jack
14 Support member
15 Guide groove
16 Gate 1
20 classification room
22 Bar screen
23 Sediment outlet
24 Boulder outlet
27 Second gate
31 Horizontal plate for protruding boulders
40 Drive ring
42 Screw drive motor
50 Screw feeder
55 Gate 3

Claims (5)

  A soil discharger that discharges excavated sediment including boulders excavated by a cutter head disposed in a front end opening of a shield main body and taken into the chamber from the inside of the chamber, and shields the front end opening. A cylindrical casing that faces the chamber from the lower end of the partition wall of the main body, a ribbon screw that is rotatably disposed in the casing and has a front end protruding into the chamber, and a casing A screw conveyor having a ribbon screw rotation drive mechanism disposed at the rear end portion, and the rear end portion of the casing having the rotation drive mechanism can be separated rearward to form a ribbon together with the rotation drive mechanism. By moving the screw backward, the front end of the ribbon screw is immersed from the chamber into the front end of the casing. Dumping device of the shield excavator, characterized in that it is arranged a partition gate for opening and closing the opening end to the open end of the casing that is to face the chamber with constitutes the.   Several detaching jacks are mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the rear part of the casing of the screw conveyor, and the piston rods of these detaching jacks are connected to the outer peripheral surface of the rear end part of the casing provided with a rotation drive mechanism. The earthing device for a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the rear end portion is separated rearward from the rear portion of the casing by extending a piston rod.   While the rear end of the support member is fixed to both sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rear end of the casing, the support member protruding forward from the rear end of the casing to the front and rear sides of the outer peripheral surface of the rear of the casing The earth removing device for a shield excavator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a guide groove is provided so as to be slidably movable in a direction.   A drive ring having the rear end of the ribbon screw fixed integrally to the inner peripheral surface thereof is rotatably provided at the rear end of the casing, and the drive ring is rotated by a drive motor mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the casing. The earth removal device for a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein   A gate chamber having a first gate that can be opened and closed is connected to and communicated with the rear end of the rear end of the casing, and classified into excavated earth and sand containing boulders and small-diameter gravel at the rear end of the gate chamber. The upper end opening of the classification chamber is equipped with a boulder discharge port that can be opened and closed by a second gate on one side and a discharge port for discharging excavated earth and sand containing small-diameter gravel to the screw feeder at the bottom The earth removing device for a shield excavator according to claim 1, wherein the sections are in communication.

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