JP4997793B2 - Excavation apparatus and excavation method - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavation apparatus and excavation method for excavating the ground to form a lateral groove.

    To embed a pipeline or the like at a predetermined depth from the ground, excavate a horizontal groove of a certain depth or excavate a vertical shaft and then excavate a horizontal shaft extending horizontally from the peripheral wall of the vertical shaft This has been done conventionally. And when embedding a pipeline at a relatively shallow position from the ground, it is common practice to excavate a lateral groove having a certain depth.

  Conventionally, a method of excavating a lateral groove using a hydraulic excavator has been adopted in many cases. That is, it is a construction method in which a hydraulic excavator performs a process of excavating the ground and loading the dumping truck generated by excavation on the dump truck.

  In recent years, although excavator operation has become easy, excavation of lateral grooves to a certain width and a certain depth still requires skill in operation, and it is difficult to secure an excavator operator. Further, when excavating with a hydraulic excavator, it involves a vertical movement of the bucket and a turning movement of the upper frame. For this reason, a large space for ensuring safety is required at a point where excavation work is performed.

  On the other hand, as an excavator that excavates a groove without using a hydraulic excavator, Patent Document 1 discloses an excavator that forms a groove by rocking a rock or the like by rotating an endless chain with a sprocket. The excavation apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 inserts an endless chain into the ground and excavates a groove while rocking a rock or the like using the rotation of the chain.

JP 2001-31178 A

  Certainly, the excavating apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 1 is an excellent apparatus in that it is possible to continuously form grooves on the ground by moving the entire apparatus while rotating the endless chain.

  However, since the excavator disclosed in Patent Document 1 is a device that forms a groove by rotating an endless chain, the soil generated by excavation remains inside the groove, and is also discharged by the rotation of the endless chain. There is a risk that the soil will scatter around. Furthermore, when excavating using an endless chain as in the drilling device disclosed in Patent Document 1, if there is an existing pipeline in the excavated portion, the endless chain may cause significant damage to these pipelines. End up.

  Therefore, the present invention provides a drilling device that can easily and efficiently excavate a lateral groove and can easily perform soil disposal. Furthermore, it is an apparatus that is unlikely to damage existing pipelines and that can be used to confirm failures early.

  In the present invention, in order to solve the above-described problems, the rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction and the spiral blade provided around the rotating shaft are inserted into the ground up to a certain depth from the ground, and the rotating shaft is driven by a drive source. A drilling screw that is rotated around the center, a rear cover that surrounds the back of the drilling screw, and a ground cover that is spaced apart from the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade, and is grounded to the ground. And the excavation screw and the earthing cover are connected to each other and a holding body for holding the excavation screw and the earthing cover, and the excavation screw, the earthing cover and the holding body are provided with the holding body as a front portion. A drilling rig that moves forward and drills underground is adopted.

  The excavator includes elevating means for elevating and lowering the excavation screw and the soil cover.

  Moreover, it has an unloading means for unloading the soil generated by excavation from the upper part of the excavation screw.

  And in this invention, the said excavation apparatus was provided with the connection means connected with a tow vehicle.

  Alternatively, the excavating screw, the soil removal cover, and the holding body are integrated with self-propelled means for transporting them.

  Moreover, it decided to employ | adopt the excavation method of the groove | channel which forms a transverse groove continuously in the ground using the above excavation apparatus.

  According to the present invention, once the excavator is inserted into the ground, the lateral groove can be formed only by moving the excavator, so that the working efficiency is greatly improved. Furthermore, unlike the conventional excavation work using a hydraulic excavator, the work range to be secured can be reduced. For this reason, it is possible to efficiently perform work in cities and residential areas where it is difficult to ensure a large work range. Furthermore, since the soil generated by excavation can be automatically carried out, workability can be greatly improved.

  Furthermore, since excavation is performed while removing the soil, and the soil excavated by the excavation does not scatter, it is easy for the operator to confirm the situation inside the excavated groove, and the existing pipeline can be confirmed early. Further, since the excavation of the ground is performed by the excavation screw, even if the existing pipeline is interfered, damage to the pipeline can be minimized.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  1-10 has shown the excavation apparatus 1 concerning the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The excavator 1 is an apparatus that forms a lateral groove A by excavating the ground G by being pulled by a dump truck 60 that is a towing vehicle and moved horizontally. The excavator 1 includes an excavating screw 2, a soil removal cover 10 surrounding the excavation screw 2, and grounds the ground G to press the ground downward, and the excavation screw 2 and the soil discharge cover 10 are connected to each other. And a slide-type holder 20 that maintains a constant posture. Further, a transport conveyor 40 is provided for transporting the soil generated by the excavation of the excavating screw 2 to the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60.

  The excavation screw 2 includes a rotary shaft 3 extending in the vertical direction and a spiral helix blade 4 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 3. As is clear from FIG. 2, the lower end of the spiral blade 4 extends from the lower end of the rotating shaft 3 to a position slightly above, while the upper portion of the rotating shaft 3 protrudes greatly upward from the upper end of the spiral blade 4. It is configured to do so. In addition, attachment portions 5 and 6 on which the soil removal cover 10 is attached are provided at positions apart from the lower portion of the rotary shaft 3 and the upper end of the spiral blade 4 by a certain distance. The excavating screw 2 is configured to be rotated around a rotating shaft 3 by a hydraulic motor 65.

  Although not particularly shown in the drawings, the hydraulic motor 65 may be driven by using a generally used industrial hydraulic unit in which an engine and a hydraulic pump are united.

  The periphery of the excavating screw 2 is covered with a soil removal cover 10 on the rear side in the traveling direction. The earth removal cover 10 includes a peripheral wall portion 11 whose cross-sectional shape forms an arc shape, a semicircular top surface portion 12 arranged at a certain distance from the upper end of the spiral blade 4, and a lower end portion of the rotary shaft 3. It is comprised from the semicircle-shaped bottom face part 13 distribute | arranged to the position. The peripheral wall portion 11 is arranged such that a slight gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall portion 11 and the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade 4 of the drilling screw 2 in the vertical direction. Further, the top surface portion 12 and the bottom surface portion 13 are arranged such that an arc-shaped peripheral edge portion is integrally joined with the peripheral wall portion 11 and a flat front end edge is directed forward in the traveling direction. And in this earth removal cover 10, it attaches to each attachment part 5 and 6 of the rotating shaft 3 so that the center part of each front end edge of the top | upper surface part 12 and the bottom face part 13 can be attached or detached with respect to the rotating shaft 3, The earth removal cover 10 and the excavation screw 2 are configured to be integrated. In addition, when the soil removal cover 10 is attached to the excavation screw 2 and they are integrated, the soil removal cover 10 is disposed via a bush or the like so that the soil removal cover 10 does not rotate with the excavation screw 2. The top surface portion 12 and the bottom surface portion 10 are attached to the attachment portions 5 and 6 of the rotating shaft 3.

  Further, the inner surface of the top surface portion 12 and the inner peripheral surface of the peripheral wall surface are continuously connected by the curved surface portion 14. As will be described in detail later, the curved surface portion 14 is for smoothly discharging the soil generated by excavation from the inside of the soil cover 10 to the outside.

  The excavation screw 2 and the soil removal cover 10 are maintained in a vertical state and are inserted into the ground from the ground G to a certain depth.

What maintains the state where these excavation screw 2 and the soil removal cover 10 stand in the vertical direction is a slide-type holder 20 that connects and holds them. The slide-type holder 20 includes a slider 21 that is grounded to the ground G and slides on the ground G, and a body 22 that extends upward from the slider 21. The bottom surface 21a of the slider 21 is formed as an inclined surface whose front is directed upward like a sled, and is configured to be able to slide on the ground G smoothly. The body 22 is formed in a box shape, and a connecting cylinder 26 for connecting the excavator 1 to the dump truck 60 is attached to the front surface portion 22a that forms the front in the traveling direction, while the back surface portion 22b is excavated. A connecting body 30 to which the screw 2 is connected is attached.

  FIG. 3 schematically shows an example of a connection body 30 that connects the body 22 of the slide type holder 20 and the excavation screw 2. For example, the connection bar 31 is provided so as to extend from the upper part and the lower part of the body 22 toward the rear excavation screw 2. And the cylindrical holder 32 is provided in the rear end of these connection bars 31, and the part which the rotating shaft 3 protrudes further upwards from the top | upper surface part 12 of the earth removal cover 10 is hold | maintained with the holder 32. FIG. At this time, the rotating shaft is held via a bearing or the like so as not to hinder the rotation of the excavating screw 2.

  Further, the bottom of the soil removal cover 10 and the slide holder 20 are connected by two hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25. Of the two hydraulic cylinders 24, 25, the first cylinder 24 is arranged so that the base of the cylinder is connected to the body 22 and the tip of the cylinder rod extends to the rear of the soil removal cover 10. The second cylinder 25 is connected to the first cylinder 24 through a connecting pin or the like so that the tip of the cylinder rod is directed forward, and the tip of the cylinder rod is connected to the lower part of the soil removal cover 10. The As described above, since the excavating screw 2 and the soil removal cover 10 are integrated, the hydraulic cylinders 24, 25 are connected to the hydraulic cylinders 24, 25 by connecting the soil removal cover 10 and the sliding holder 20. The lower part of the excavation screw 2 and the slide-type holder 20 are connected via the 25 and the earth removal cover 10. As a result, the excavation screw 2 and the soil removal cover 10 are maintained in the state where the upper and lower portions in the vertical direction are held by the slide-type holder 20 and set in the vertical direction without falling down.

  Further, the excavator 1 is provided with a transport conveyor 40 for transporting the soil generated by excavation to the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60. The transport conveyor 40 is composed of two conveyors 41 and 50. The first conveyor 41 raises the soil from the ground G to the height of the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60, and the raised soil is horizontal. It is comprised from the 2nd conveyor 50 which moves and conveys a soil to the inner side of the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60.

  The first conveyor 41 is disposed between the excavating screw 2 and the top surface portion 12 of the soil removal cover 10 on the front side of the soil removal cover 10 so that the soil introduction portion 42 extends obliquely forward. The discharge unit 43 is positioned at the height of the second conveyor 50. The introduction portion 42 is provided with a guide cover 45 connected to the upper portion of the soil removal cover 10 so that the soil discharged forward from the upper portion of the soil removal cover 10 does not scatter around. Is covered. Further, the first conveyor 41 is entirely covered with a cylindrical cover 44 in order to prevent the discharged soil being conveyed from being scattered around. Even when a portion of the soil is spilled from the second conveyor 50 when relaying the soil transported by the first conveyor 41 to the second conveyor 50, the soil is discharged into the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60. The inclination of the first conveyor 41 is adjusted in advance so that the discharge portion 43 is positioned inside the loading platform 61 so that the soil is introduced, and the slightly lower side of the discharging portion 43 is behind the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60. Set at the end.

  On the other hand, the second conveyor 50 is horizontally arranged so as to extend back and forth at the height position of the discharge portion 43 of the first conveyor 41. The second conveyor 50 conveys the soil discharged by the first conveyor 41 from the rear portion toward the front portion, and drops the soil from the discharge portion 51 forming the front end into the inside of the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60. In addition, it is good to comprise so that the whole can move back and forth so that the soil can be uniformly dropped into the inside of the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60.

  According to the excavator 1 configured as described above, the lateral groove A having a constant depth and a constant width is formed as described below.

  First, as shown in FIG. 4, the excavating screw 2 is inserted into the ground G at the starting point P where the lateral groove A is to be formed. At this time, the soil removal cover 10 is removed from the slide holder 20 and only the excavating screw 2 is attached. And the drive source which is not illustrated is operated and the hydraulic motor 65 is rotationally driven. Thereby, the excavation screw 2 connected to the hydraulic motor 65 rotates, and the excavation screw 2 starts excavating the ground G.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the drilling screw 2 is lowered downward. At this time, the entire excavation screw 2 is lowered by sliding the excavation screw 2 gradually downward relative to the body 22 of the slide type holder 20. When the excavating screw 2 is lowered while being rotated, the excavated soil is raised to the ground surface with the rotation of the spiral blade 4. The raised soil is piled up around the formed shaft. In addition, if a relief valve is provided in the main circuit through which the oil that rotates the hydraulic motor 65 flows, even if the spiral blade 4 of the excavating screw 2 comes into contact with a solid rock that exists in the ground, it can be forcibly rotated. The drilling screw 2 can be prevented from being damaged.

  Then, after the lower end of the excavating screw 2 reaches the depth of the lateral groove A to be formed, as shown in FIG. 6, the excavating screw 2 slides while maintaining the state in which the axial direction of the excavating screw 2 is directed in the vertical direction. The excavating screw 2 is advanced together with the type holder 20. When the excavating screw 2 is advanced, the spiral blade 4 of the excavating screw 2 excavates the ground G in the entire area in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 3.

  Then, after the excavating screw 2 is advanced to some extent, the driving of the hydraulic motor 65 is once stopped. After that, as shown in FIG. 7, the soil removal cover 10 is lowered into the formed lateral groove A so as to be disposed behind the excavation screw 2. And while attaching the bottom face part 13 of the earth removal cover 10 to the lower part of the excavation screw 2, the top | upper surface part 12 is attached to the mounting parts 5 and 6 of the rotating shaft 3 separated from the spiral blade 4 by a fixed distance. Thereby, the soil removal cover 10 and the excavation screw 2 are integrated. Although not shown in FIG. 8, since the lower part of the peripheral wall portion 11 forming the soil removal cover 10 is attached to the slide type holder 20 via a hydraulic cylinder, the soil removal cover 10 and the soil removal screw 2 is maintained in a state in which it is erected vertically by the slide-type holder 20.

  After setting the earth removal cover 10, as shown in FIG. 8, the conveyance conveyor 40 is set. At this time, the inclination of the first conveyor 41 of the conveyor 40 is adjusted as appropriate, the introduction part 42 is positioned on the front side and the upper part of the soil discharge cover 10, and the discharge part 43 is located on the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60. Arrange it so that it is located inside. After adjusting the inclination, the introduction part 42 of the first conveyor 41 and the upper part of the soil discharge cover 10 are connected by the guide cover 45.

  After completing the above setup, the excavator 1 is pulled and advanced by the dump truck 60. When the excavator 1 is advanced by the dump truck 60, the spiral blade 4 of the excavation screw 2 excavates the ground G sequentially. Since the earth removal cover 10 is provided behind the excavation screw 2, the earth discharge generated by the excavation is prevented from flowing out to the rear of the excavator 1 by the earth removal cover 10. Then, the soil removal is forcibly raised with the upper surface of the spiral blade 4 spirally upward as the spiral blade 4 rotates. The situation is as shown in FIG.

  When the soil is raised to the ground surface, it is pushed by the soil that is sequentially raised, and the soil is sequentially placed on the first conveyor 41 from the introduction portion 42 and carried out of the soil cover 10. At this time, since the inner surface of the peripheral wall portion 11 and the top surface portion 12 of the soil removal cover 10 are connected by the curved surface portion 14, the raised soil does not stay in the upper portion of the soil removal cover 10 and is smooth. Is discharged from the front portion of the soil discharge cover 10. The soil discharged by the first conveyor 41 is relayed to the second conveyor 50 at the upper part of the first conveyor 41. Then, the discharged soil is dropped into the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60 from the discharge portion 43 that forms the front end of the second conveyor 50.

  In addition, the excavator 1 crushes the asphalt S that covers the surface of the ground G in the process of excavating the ground G. FIG. 9 shows how the asphalt S is crushed.

  In the process of excavation, the front part of the spiral blade 4 of the excavation screw 2 is inserted below the asphalt S. When the excavation screw 2 is rotated, the spiral blade 4 lifts the asphalt S upward from the bottom together with the soil removal. On the other hand, in front of the excavating screw 2, the slider 21 of the sliding holder 20 presses the asphalt S downward from the surface thereof. Therefore, the asphalt S is sandwiched between the slider 21 and the spiral blade 4, and the rear side of the rear end portion of the slider 21 is raised by the spiral rotation 4. As a result, the asphalt S is crushed so as to be folded with the rear end of the slider 21 as a fulcrum. The crushed asphalt S fragments are transported to the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60 by the transport conveyor 40 together with the soil generated by excavation.

  Through the above operation, the lateral groove A having a certain depth and a certain width is formed. Then, the lateral groove A formed by the excavating apparatus 1 becomes a flat groove bottom with almost no irregularities on the groove bottom (see FIG. 8). This is because the bottom surface portion 13 constituting the soil removal cover 10 scrapes off excess soil at the bottom of the groove, and the back surface of the bottom surface portion 13 moves forward while leveling the groove bottom.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, if the plate-like side cover 15 extending forward from the front surface of the soil removal cover 10 is provided on both sides of the excavating screw 2, the inner wall of the lateral groove A can be formed flat. it can. That is, the side wall 15 scrapes the inner wall of the lateral groove A so that the inner wall of the lateral groove A is formed flat. The earth removed by the side cover 15 is raised to the ground surface by the excavating screw 2 together with the earth excavated by the excavating screw 2.

  The excavation screw 2 may be appropriately selected so that the pitch in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 3 of the spiral blade 4 is different depending on the state of the ground G to be excavated. Similarly, the circuit of the hydraulic motor 65 may be designed so that the rotational speed of the excavating screw 2 can be appropriately changed according to the state of the ground G. Further, if the hard tip can be attached along the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade 4 with a certain interval, the hard tip can crush the rock and easily form the lateral groove A even on the solid ground. .

  Next, with reference to FIG.11 and FIG.12, 2nd Embodiment which comprised the excavation apparatus 100 self-propelled is described. The excavation apparatus 100 according to the second embodiment is configured by connecting a self-propelled machine 101 to an excavation unit 120 in which a excavation screw 130, a soil removal cover 140, and a slide holder 122 are integrated.

  The self-propelled aircraft 101 includes a traveling unit 102 and a revolving body 106 that is provided on the upper side of the traveling unit 102 and supported so as to be able to turn horizontally with respect to the traveling unit. The traveling unit 102 of the self-propelled aircraft 101 according to this embodiment employs a crawler type suspension. The traveling unit 102 is provided so as to be wound around the traveling frame 103 by being supported from the inside by a traveling frame 103 extending in the front-rear direction, sprockets 104 attached to the front and rear of the traveling frame 103, and the sprockets 104. The rubber shoe 105 is provided. In addition, a hydraulic traveling motor is built in the rear portion of the traveling unit 102, and the sprocket 104 on the rear side is driven to rotate. The traveling unit 102 is configured such that the sprocket 104 on the rear side is rotated as the traveling motor is driven, and the rubber shoe 105 is rotated around the traveling unit 102 by the rotation of the sprocket 104. The traveling is performed by the rotation of the rubber shoe 105.

  The swivel body 106 is connected to the traveling unit 102 by a ball race 110 or the like, and is configured to be able to freely rotate horizontally with respect to the traveling unit 102. The front part of the swivel body 106 is an operation part 107 for an operator to sit on, and a plurality of operation levers 108 are provided at the front part. The traveling of the excavator 100 and the operation of the excavation unit 120 are configured to be performed by operating these operation levers 108. On the other hand, an engine room 109 is provided at the rear of the revolving structure 106, and a drive source such as an engine or a hydraulic pump is mounted therein. To the hydraulic pump serving as the drive source, a travel motor of the travel unit 102, a motor and a cylinder for operating the excavation unit 120, and the like are connected.

  The excavation unit 120 is connected to the front portion of the revolving structure 106 that constitutes the self-propelled aircraft 101. The excavation unit 120 includes a frame 121 connected to the front portion of the revolving structure 106, and a slide holder 122 provided at the front portion of the frame 121. The rear part of the frame 121 is detachably attached to the front part of the traveling machine 101 by a connecting pin or the like. The slide-type holder 122 includes a slider 123 that is grounded to the ground G and slides on the ground G, and a body 124 that extends upward from the slider 123. The bottom surface 123a of the slider 123 is also formed as an inclined surface with its front facing upward like a sled so that the ground G can slide smoothly. The body 124 is formed in a box shape, and its upper part is attached to the front end of the frame 121.

  Two types of hydraulic cylinders 125 and 135 are attached to the frame 121 so as to extend in the vertical direction. One hydraulic cylinder is a screw lifting cylinder 125 that lifts and lowers the excavating screw 130, and the other hydraulic cylinder is a cover lifting cylinder 135 that lifts and lowers the soil removal cover 140. These cylinders 125 and 135 are respectively attached to the frame 121 such that the case portions 125 a and 135 a extend upward from the frame 121 and the cylinder rods 125 b and 135 b face the lower side of the frame 121.

  And the excavation screw 130 is connected with the cylinder rod 125b of the screw raising / lowering cylinder 125 via the swivel joint 128 so that rotation with respect to the cylinder rod 125b is possible. A hydraulic motor 127 for rotating the excavating screw 130 is attached to the cylinder rod 125b of the screw lifting cylinder 125. The hydraulic motor 127 and the excavation screw 130 are connected via a gear box 126 for transmitting the rotation of the hydraulic motor 127 to the excavation screw 130.

  The excavating screw 130 connected to the screw lifting cylinder 125 includes a rotating shaft 131 extending in the vertical direction and a spiral blade 132 formed in a spiral shape on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 131. This is the same as that according to the first embodiment.

  On the other hand, the cover elevating cylinder 135 is attached to the soil removal cover 140 at the lower end of the cylinder rod 135b, and raises and lowers the soil removal cover 140. The earth removal cover 140 attached to the cover lifting cylinder 135 has the same configuration as that of the first embodiment, and an arc-shaped peripheral wall portion 141 covering the outer periphery of the spiral blade 132 of the excavating screw 130, It is composed of a semicircular top surface portion 142 and a bottom surface portion 143. In the excavator 100 according to the second embodiment, if a small cylinder that moves the soil removal cover 140 back and forth is provided in the frame 121, the excavator 100 can be automatically attached to the excavation screw 130. it can. However, as shown in FIG. 12, the cover can be automatically attached to the excavating screw 130 by providing the cover moving cylinder 150 on the back surface of the soil removal cover 140. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the base of the cylinder 150 is attached to the frame 121, the cylinder rod is expanded and contracted, and the soil removal cover 140 is attached to and detached from the excavation screw 130.

  And the conveyance conveyor 40 which conveys the waste generated by excavation to the loading platform 61 of the dump truck 60 is provided. The structure of this conveyance conveyor 40 is comprised from the 1st conveyor 41 extended toward diagonally upward front, and the 2nd conveyor 50 extended horizontally like the conveyance conveyor 40 of the excavation apparatus 1 concerning 1st Embodiment. .

  According to the excavator 100 having the above-described configuration, the dump truck 60 on which the soil generated by excavation is loaded is disposed in front of the excavator 100, and the dump truck 60 is advanced at a low speed together with the excavator 100. A lateral groove A is formed. The excavation mechanism itself is the same as that of the excavator 1 according to the first embodiment.

  As described above, the crawler type of the suspension of the traveling machine has been described as an example, but a wheel type of suspension may be adopted.

  In addition, regardless of 1st Embodiment or 2nd Embodiment, when excavating hard geology, such as a rock mass, it is good to use the excavation screw 160 shown in FIG.

  The basic structure of the excavating screw 160 shown in FIG. 13 is the same as that of the excavating screws 2 and 130 described above, and includes a rotating shaft 161 and a spiral blade 162 provided on the outer periphery of the rotating shaft 161. ing. A hard tip 163 for rock drilling is attached to the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade 162 of the excavation screw 160. The hard tips 163 are attached at regular intervals with respect to the direction in which the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade 162 extends. In the spiral blade 162 shown in FIG. 13, four are attached to one pitch of the spiral blade 162 in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 161, that is, every 90 degrees. But the space | interval which provides the hard chip | tip 163 should just change suitably according to the geology to excavate.

  FIG. 14 shows an example in which two drilling screws 170 can be arranged in parallel to drill more widely.

  Each excavation screw 170 is comprised from the rotating shaft 171 and the spiral blade | wing 172 provided in the outer peripheral part. The two excavation screws 170 are arranged such that their rotary shafts 171 are parallel to each other and extend vertically, and are arranged at a certain interval so that the spiral blades 172 do not interfere with each other. .

  Further, these excavation screws 170 are covered with a soil removal cover 180 on the rear side in the traveling direction. The earth removal cover 180 also has a peripheral wall portion 181 whose cross-sectional shape forms an arc shape, a semicircular top surface portion 182 arranged at a certain distance from the upper end of the spiral blade 122, and a lower end portion of the rotating shaft 171. It is comprised from the semicircle-shaped bottom face part 183 distribute | arranged to this position.

  The rotation shaft 171 has an upper portion that is separated from the upper end of the spiral blade 172 by a certain distance and is held by the top surface portion 182, and a lower end is held by the bottom surface portion 183.

  In this embodiment, the width of the spiral blade 172, that is, the dimension from the outer peripheral portion of the rotating shaft 171 to the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade 172, compared with the single type employed in the first and second embodiments. Is formed small. Thereby, the load of the drive motor which drives the excavation screw 170 is reduced.

  In addition, although what has arrange | positioned two drive screws in parallel is shown in FIG. 14, this is not limited, You may arrange | position a some 3 or more drive screw in parallel. In that case, the pitch in the axial direction of the spiral blade and the width of the spiral blade may be set as appropriate so as not to overload the drive motor according to the geology to be excavated. Further, when excavating hard geology such as bedrock, it is sufficient to use a hard tip attached to the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade of each excavation screw.

  In the example shown in FIG. 14, two excavating screws are stored in one earthing cover, but each excavating screw provided with an earthing cover is arranged in parallel. A thing may be adopted.

The side view which shows the use condition of the excavation equipment concerning 1st Embodiment of this invention. The side view which shows the state of an action | operation of the excavation apparatus shown in FIG. The perspective view which shows an example of holding | maintenance of the rotating shaft of a drilling screw. Explanatory drawing which shows the process of forming a vertical shaft in the ground with a digging apparatus. Explanatory drawing which shows the state further advanced from the state of FIG. 4 in the process of forming a vertical shaft in the ground. Explanatory drawing which shows the state which finished forming the vertical shaft of desired depth. Explanatory drawing which shows the process of attaching a soil removal cover. The figure which shows a mode that a horizontal groove is formed, and the state of the groove bottom of the formed horizontal groove. The top view which shows the state of a horizontal groove. Explanatory drawing which shows a mode that asphalt is crushed. The side view of the excavation apparatus concerning 2nd Embodiment. The perspective view which shows typically the attachment state of the cylinder which attaches or detaches a soil removal cover to an excavation screw. The side view of the drilling screw with which the hard tip was attached. The front view of embodiment which has arrange | positioned two excavation screws in parallel.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,100 Excavation measure 2,130 Excavation screw 160,170 Excavation screw 10,140 Earth removal cover 180 Earth removal cover 20,122 Slide-type holder (holding body)
30 Connection 40 Transport conveyor 60 Dump truck (traction means)
163 Hard chip

Claims (6)

A drilling screw having a rotating shaft extending in the vertical direction and a spiral blade provided around the rotating shaft, inserted into the ground up to a certain depth from the ground, and rotated around the rotating shaft by a driving source to dig;
Covering the rear side of the periphery of the excavation screw, a soil removal cover arranged with a certain gap from the outer peripheral edge of the spiral blade,
A slide-type holder to which the excavation screw and the soil removal cover are connected and hold the excavation screw and the soil discharge cover so as to be movable up and down , respectively .
The sliding holder has a slider that slides on the ground while pressing the ground, the sliding holder as front, the drilling screw, thereby advancing the earth unloading cover and the sliding holder, said slider An excavation apparatus characterized in that an asphalt laid on the ground is sandwiched between the rotating spiral blades and thus excavating the ground while destroying the asphalt . The excavator according to claim 1, further comprising a hydraulic cylinder that holds the integrated excavation screw and the soil removal cover in a vertical state . The soil discharge caused by drilling and further comprising a discharge means for unloading from the top of the drilling screw, drilling apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.   The excavator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising connecting means for connecting to a towing vehicle.   The excavation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising self-propelled means configured to be integrated with the excavation screw, the soil removal cover, and the slide-type holder, and to convey them.   A method for excavating a groove, characterized in that a lateral groove is continuously formed on the ground using the excavator according to claim 1.

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