JP2013233103A - Greening structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a greening structure capable of preventing generation of weed and capable of substantially saving water supply operation and manure operation.SOLUTION: A greening structure 100 has a planting layer 11 capable of growing plants, formed on the skeleton 10 of a building, a liquid tank 12 arranged in the planting layer 11 for feeding nutrient elements and water for growing plants to the planting layer 11, being a liquid feeding means 14, and a liquid feeding pathway 13, the planting layer 11 is formed by solidifying a mixed material of a soil material, cementitious solidifying agent, a granulating material, and water. The liquid tank 12 constituting the liquid feeding unit 14 embedded in the planting layer 11, similarly liquid feeding pathway 13 constituting the liquid feeding unit is arranged in the planting layer 11 while communicating with the liquid tank 12. The liquid feeding pathway 13 is constituted of a tubular body and a plurality of through holes 13a are bored in the upper face side thereof in a predetermined interval.

Description

  The present invention relates to a greening structure for growing plants on the rooftop, veranda or ground surface of various buildings such as reinforced concrete buildings and ordinary houses.

  Various methods have been developed for the greening structure for growing plants on the rooftop of a building or on a veranda. However, as related to the present invention, the “greening device” described in Patent Document 1 or a patent There are "greening structures" described in Document 2 (hereinafter referred to as greening structures).

  The greening structure described in Patent Document 1 includes a water storage tank formed of FRP, a cradle part formed by arranging a plurality of square members on a bottom surface of the water tub at predetermined intervals, and a cradle A receiving net and a nonwoven fabric placed on the part, and a basic soil filled on the nonwoven fabric.

  The greening structure described in Patent Document 2 is disposed on a soil layer disposed on a rooftop roadbed that has been subjected to durable waterproofing, a water conduit buried in a lower portion of the soil layer, and disposed below the soil layer. A water retention / diffusing material, a water-permeable root shielding sheet disposed below the water retention / diffusing material, and a drainage material disposed below the water-permeable root shielding sheet are provided.

JP 2002-17161 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-8114

  Since the greening structures described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 both have water supply means for supplying moisture to the soil layer, they are excellent in that it is not necessary to spray water frequently. Since the balance of the nature is not good, the water retention of rainwater that pours in rainy weather may be insufficient, or the water supplied to the soil layer from the water supply means may not spread evenly throughout the soil layer, and plant growth Defects may occur.

  In addition, weed seeds that often fly due to wind and rain, or are brought into the greening structure by birds or the like, settle on the soil layer and often grow.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a greening structure that can prevent the generation of weeds and can greatly save labor in water supply work and fertilization work.

  The greening structure of the present invention is arranged in a planting layer for supplying plant-growing planting layers formed on a predetermined installation surface and supplying plant nutrients and moisture to the planting layer. And a liquid supply means, wherein the planting layer is formed by solidifying a kneaded material of a soil material, a cement-based solidifying agent, an aggregating agent and water. Here, the term “predetermined installation surface” means a surface that can support a greening structure such as a building surface or a ground surface of a building.

  With such a configuration, the planting layer solidified by the action of the cement-based solidifying agent is as hard as asphalt pavement, so even if weed seeds fly on the surface, it is difficult to settle and exists in the planting layer. Since weed seed germination is also blocked by the hard planting layer, weed generation can be prevented.

  In addition, in the kneaded material immediately after being formed by mixing a soil material, a cement-based solidifying agent, an aggregating agent and water, the soil material and the cement-based solidified by the action of ions contained in the aggregated agent. As a result of the formation of a three-dimensional aggregate structure with the particles of the agent, continuous voids are generated. Therefore, the planted layer after solidification has a good balance between water permeability and water retention, and air permeability is also good. Therefore, the plant planted in the planting layer grows smoothly, and a greening structure with a good landscape can be constructed.

  Furthermore, since the liquid supply means for supplying nutrients and moisture for plant growth to the planting layer is arranged in the planting layer, it is not necessary to frequently perform water supply and fertilization, and water supply work and fertilization work Can greatly save labor. In addition, by supplying nutrients and moisture from the inside of the planting layer to the planting layer using the liquid supply means, supply of nutrients and moisture to the seeds of weeds that have come to the surface of the planting layer Is suppressed, so that weed germination can be largely prevented.

  Here, as the liquid supply means, it is desirable to provide a liquid tank embedded in the planting layer, and a liquid feed path disposed in the planting layer in a state of communication with the liquid tank. .

  With such a configuration, stable water supply and fertilization can be performed over a long period of time while having a simple construction and a simple structure.

  On the other hand, as the aggregating agent, it is desirable to use a polymer compound composed of a composite of a magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine.

  If such an aggregating agent is used, a strong aggregate structure is formed in the planting layer, so that water permeability and water retention are well balanced, air permeability is good, A planting layer having excellent durability can be formed.

  Generation of weeds can be prevented, and a greening structure that can save labor in water supply work and fertilization work can be provided.

It is a schematic diagram which shows the greening structure which is embodiment of this invention. It is a vertical sectional view of the greening structure shown in FIG. It is a figure which shows the formation process of the kneaded material used for construction of the greening structure shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tree planting structure 100 of the present embodiment includes a planting layer 11 that can be grown on a plant body 10 and a plant-growing nutrient and planting layer 11. The liquid tank 12 and the liquid supply path 13 which are the liquid supply means 14 arrange | positioned in the said planting layer 11 in order to supply a water | moisture content are provided, and the planting layer 11 is a soil material, a cement-type solidification agent, a group. It is formed by solidifying a kneaded product of a granulating agent and water.

  The liquid tank 12 that constitutes the liquid supply means 14 is embedded in the planting layer 11, and the liquid supply path 13 that also constitutes the liquid supply means is disposed in the planting layer 11 in a state of communicating with the liquid tank 12. ing. The liquid supply path 13 is formed of a tubular body, and a plurality of through holes 13a are opened at predetermined intervals on the upper surface side thereof. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, only one liquid supply path 13 is displayed. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of liquid supply paths are provided according to the thickness and width of the planting layer 11. A supply path 13 can also be provided.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a liquid injection path 15 for injecting liquid fertilizer and the like into the liquid tank 12 is disposed from the surface 11 a of the planting layer 11 toward the liquid tank 12. The proximal end opening 15a of the liquid injection path 15 is disposed so as to protrude from the surface 11a of the planting layer 11, and is normally closed by an opening / closing lid 15b. A liquid level sensor 12a for detecting the liquid level of the liquid R in the liquid tank 12 is disposed in the liquid tank 12, and the remaining amount of the liquid R in the liquid tank 12 is displayed based on the detection signal. A liquid level gauge 16 is arranged on the surface 11a of the planting layer 11 in the vicinity of the proximal end opening 15a. Since the liquid R is not limited, for example, liquid fertilizer or an aqueous solution in which liquid fertilizer or chemical fertilizer is appropriately dissolved can be used.

  Here, the construction method of the greening structure 100 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, the soil material 1 and the cement-based solidifying agent 2 are put into a mixer 5 and sufficiently stirred and mixed. As the mixer 5, a mixer having a stirring and mixing function using the motor 6 or the like as a power source can be used. As the soil material 1, it is possible to use pure sand, shirasu, incinerated ash, or earth and sand. In addition, instead of the soil material 1 or in combination with the soil material 1, a waste material of tile, a waste material of glass, or a pulverized material of molten slag can be used.

  When the soil material 1 and the cement-based solidifying agent 2 are uniformly mixed, the aggregating agent 3 containing a polymer compound composed of a complex of magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine And the water 4 is added, and also the kneaded material 7 is formed by stirring and kneading | mixing (kneading process). In addition, since a stirring mixing means is not limited, what is suitable for construction conditions can be used.

The mixing ratio of each component constituting the kneaded material 7 is not particularly limited, but is as follows in the present embodiment.
Soil material 1: 1000kg ~ 1500kg
Cement-based solidifying agent 2: 100 kg to 200 kg
Aggregating agent 3: 1 to 10 liters Water 4: Appropriate amount (Adjust the amount while confirming the fluidity and hardness of the kneaded product 7)

  On the other hand, a liquid tank 12, a liquid supply path 13, a liquid injection path 15 (see FIG. 2), and the like are arranged on a building frame 10 that is a planned construction area of the greening structure 100. Moreover, when providing a clearance gap between the surface 10a of the housing 10, and the liquid supply path | route 13 and the liquid injection path | route 15, the spacer 17 is interposed among these. Thereafter, the kneaded product 7 obtained in the kneading step shown in FIG. 3 is placed on the surface 10a of the housing 10 to form the planting layer 11 (building step). Then, before the planting layer 11 solidifies, a planting hole (not shown) is formed in the surface 11a of the planting layer 11 (hole making process). In this case, the depth and interval of the implantation holes are not limited, and can be arbitrarily set according to the construction conditions.

  Next, after completion of the hole making step, when the planting layer 11 is sufficiently solidified by curing for about 15 hours, the plant P is planted in the planting hole formed in the hole making step described above (fixed planting step). . Further, the open / close lid 15b exposed on the surface 11a of the planting layer 11 is opened, and a liquid R containing nutrients and moisture suitable for the plant P (for example, liquid fertilizer or a mixture of fertilizer and water) is used as a base. Inject into the opening 15. When the liquid level gauge 16 confirms that an appropriate amount of the liquid R is stored in the liquid tank 12, the injection is stopped and the proximal end opening 15a is closed with the opening / closing lid 15b.

  After the planting and the injection of the liquid R are completed, when the number of days elapses, the roots grow from the plant P to the planting layer 11 and the whole plant P grows. It is formed. Even if weed seeds may fly on the surface 11a of the planting layer 11 in the process in which the plant P settles and grows on the planting layer 11, the planting layer 11 is hard so that it can be settled. Since weed seeds present in the planting layer 11 cannot be germinated by the hard planting layer 11, the generation of weeds can be prevented.

  Moreover, since the planting layer 11 is so hard that a human can walk on the surface 11a, the workability at the time of care etc. of the plant P is favorable, and it collapse | crumbles by wind and snow, rain, etc. Because it does not flow out, it has excellent durability. Furthermore, when the temperature rises in summer, the moisture retained in the planting layer 11 rises sequentially and evaporates from the surface 11a, and heat is taken away in the evaporation process. You can also.

  In the present embodiment, in the planting layer 11 immediately after being formed in the above-described formation step and before solidification, the particles of the soil material 1 and the cement-based solidifying agent 2 are formed by the action of ions contained in the aggregating agent 3. As a result of forming a three-dimensional aggregate structure, continuous voids are generated. Therefore, the planted layer 11 after solidification has a good balance between water permeability and water retention, and air permeability is also good. Therefore, the plant P planted in the planting hole formed in the planting layer 11 grows smoothly, and the greening structure 100 with a good landscape can be formed.

  Moreover, since the liquid supply means 14 for supplying a nutrient and a water | moisture content to the plant P planted in the planting layer 11 is arrange | positioned in the planting layer 11, after construction of the tree planting structure 100, the liquid tank 12 The liquid R may be injected from the proximal end opening 15a as necessary while confirming the remaining amount of the liquid R with the liquid level gauge 16. Accordingly, it is not necessary to frequently perform water supply and fertilization, and water supply work and fertilization work can be greatly saved. Moreover, since the nutrient and water are supplied from the inside of the planting layer 11 by the liquid supply means 14, the supply of nutrients and moisture to the seeds of the weeds flying on the surface of the planting layer 11 is suppressed, and weed germination. Can be prevented.

  In the tree planting structure 100, as the liquid supply means 14, a liquid tank 12 embedded in the planting layer 11, a liquid supply path 13 disposed in the planting layer 11 in a state communicating with the liquid tank 12, and Is provided. Therefore, stable water supply and fertilization can be performed over a long period of time while the construction is easy and simple.

  On the other hand, as the aggregating agent 3, since a polymer compound composed of a composite of a magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine is used, the planting layer 11 is strong. As a result of the formation of the aggregate structure, the planting layer 11 having both water permeability and water retention in a well-balanced manner, good air permeability, and excellent strength and durability can be obtained. The aggregating agent 3 is not limited, but in the present embodiment, GB-2000 (trade name) of Global Laboratories Ltd. is used.

  In addition, the greening structure 100 which concerns on this embodiment shows an example of this invention, and the greening structure of this invention is not limited to the greening structure 100 mentioned above. Moreover, although the greening structure 100 is constructed | assembled on the housing frame 10 of a building, since a construction place is not limited, if it is a surface which can support the greening structure 100, it can also construct on a ground surface etc., for example. .

  As a greening structure for growing plants on rooftops, verandas or ground surfaces of various buildings such as reinforced concrete buildings and ordinary houses, it can be widely used in the fields of civil engineering and horticulture.

1 soil material
2 Cement-based solidifying agent 3 Aggregating agent 4 Water 5 Mixer 6 Motor 7 Kneaded material 10 Housing 10a, 11a Surface 12 Liquid tank 12a Liquid level sensor 13 Liquid feed path 13a Through hole 14 Liquid supply means 15 Injection path 15a Base End opening 15b Open / close lid 16 Level gauge 17 Spacer 100 Greening structure P Plant R Liquid

Claims (3)

  A plant-growing planting layer formed on a predetermined installation surface, and a liquid supply means arranged in the planting layer for supplying the planting layer with nutrients and moisture for plant growth. The greening structure is characterized in that the planting layer is formed by solidifying a kneaded material of a soil material, a cement-based solidifying agent, an aggregating agent and water.   2. The liquid supply unit according to claim 1, wherein the liquid supply unit includes a liquid tank embedded in the planting layer and a liquid supply path disposed in the planting layer in a state of communication with the liquid tank. Greening structure.   The greening structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a polymer compound comprising a complex of a magnesium salt of acrylic acid / dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer and polyethyleneimine is used as the aggregating agent.

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