JP2013204988A - Building utilization type watering cooling system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a building utilization type watering cooling system for cooling the outside air on a large scale.SOLUTION: A building utilization type watering cooling system includes a plurality of nozzles installed on an outer surface of a building and spraying water toward the atmospheric air, a measuring means for detecting weather conditions including a temperature, a humidity, a wind velocity and a wind direction, and an automatic control means for automatically starting and stopping the watering from the nozzles. The automatic control means includes a measurement data acquisition unit to which measurement data of temperature and humidity of a cooled space of an above-ground part within two meters above ground level on the basis of the measurement data from the measuring means, and measurement data of wind velocity and wind speed of positions where the nozzles are installed, are input, a memory unit for storing watering start conditions and watering stop conditions of the temperature and the humidity of the cooled space, and the wind velocity and the wind direction of the nozzle installation places, and a control unit determining and controlling the start of watering and the stop of watering from the nozzles by comparing the measurement data of the measurement data acquisition unit and each of the conditions of the memory unit.

Description

  The present invention relates to a building-use water spray cooling system, and particularly, to cool an urban area or the like in summer.

  As a cooling system of this type, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 4400891 (Patent Document 1), spraying is performed from a nozzle attached to a building under a weather condition of 30 ° C. or higher and humidity of less than 70%, and the spray is 2.8 m above the ground. The average particle size of the droplets shall be 20 μm or less, and the retention time in the atmosphere of the droplets from the 2.8 m position on the ground shall be less than 0.6 seconds, and wetting will occur for people walking on the ground. There is no area cooling. Further, the spray direction from the nozzle is changed or spraying is stopped according to the wind direction.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 4400891

As in the district cooling system of Patent Document 1, spraying from the nozzle at a set temperature or more and humidity or less and changing the spraying conditions according to the wind direction makes it possible to efficiently perform the district cooling.
However, there is room for improvement in order to perform effective spraying in response to changing weather conditions or when the weather measurement position and the space to be cooled are different.
Furthermore, since installation costs and running costs are incurred when the nozzle is installed on the outer wall or rooftop of a building, an advantage commensurate with the cost, for example, cooling the inside of the building with the nozzle installed on the outer wall can be achieved. It is desirable.

The present invention efficiently and efficiently performs spraying from the nozzle while paying attention to the relationship between the temperature and humidity measurement position and the position to be cooled, the relationship between the anemometer / anemometer installation position and the nozzle installation position, etc. It is an object to provide a cooling system that can be used.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling system that can also cool the inside of a building in which a nozzle is installed.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention firstly has a plurality of nozzles installed on the outer surface of a building including a building, a house, a tower, a pillar, or an arcade frame, and sprinkling water toward the atmosphere.
Measuring means for detecting weather conditions including temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction;
Automatic monitoring means for automatically sprinkling water from the nozzle while monitoring the measurement value input from the measurement means,
The automatic control means includes
A measurement data acquisition unit to which the measurement data of the temperature and humidity of the cooling target space in the above-ground part within 2 m above the ground based on the measurement data from the measurement means, and the measurement data of the wind speed and direction of the nozzle installation position;
A storage unit that stores the temperature and humidity of the space to be cooled and the sprinkling start conditions of the wind speed and direction of the nozzle installation location, and the sprinkling stop conditions;
A building-use water spray cooling system comprising a control unit that determines and controls the start and stop of watering from the nozzle by comparing the measurement data of the measurement data acquisition unit and each condition of the storage unit Is provided.

  As described above, the nozzle is started and stopped by automatic control means comprising a computer, and the computer continuously receives the detection values of the measurement means comprising sensors for detecting temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. You are typing. When the temperature and humidity sensor is installed at a cooling target position 2 m or less above the ground, detection values input from the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor can be used as measurement data.

On the other hand, when the measuring means is installed outside the cooling target space within 2 m above the ground, the calculation unit converts the temperature and humidity acquired from the measuring means into the temperature and humidity of the cooling target space within 2 m above the ground. Is provided in the measurement data acquisition unit.
Specifically, if the temperature sensor and humidity sensor are installed on the rooftop or outer wall of a building with a height exceeding 2m above the ground, the temperature and humidity of the space to be cooled within 2m above the ground are converted by the calculation unit. Then, the converted measurement data is compared with the temperature and humidity that are threshold values for spray start and stop stored in the storage unit. Thereby, temperature reduction of the cooling object space within 2 m above the ground can be performed efficiently.

  The conversion is based on the location conditions of the space to be cooled, for example, whether the space is surrounded by high-rise buildings, the width of the space, the ratio of outdoor units facing the space, and the air permeability of the space. Constructing a conversion formula in advance using various location conditions such as the degree, the presence or absence of building winds, and the height difference between the installation position of the temperature sensor and humidity sensor and the space to be cooled as variable conditions. Based on the detection values of the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor, the temperature and humidity measurement data of the space to be cooled are converted.

  On the other hand, even if there is a difference in height between the installation position of the sensor for wind speed and direction and the installation position of the nozzle, in principle, it is not necessary to correct by applying a variable. However, if the nozzle installation position has special conditions, for example, if there is a building wind, if there is an obstacle building that reduces the wind speed, if there is an obstacle building that changes the wind direction, include these conditions in advance It is preferable to prescribe watering start conditions and watering stop conditions according to the wind speed and direction.

The elements that cool the space to be cooled are mainly the amount of water sprayed from each nozzle, the diameter of water droplets sprayed from the nozzles, the spray pattern, the nozzle arrangement interval, the water spray height, the relative humidity, the wind speed, and the wind direction. Analyzing the contribution of these elements to cooling, and further analyzing the location conditions of the space to be cooled, and reaching the set temperature at which watering is started, the optimum according to the relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. It is preferable to analyze the amount of sprinkling, the nozzle arrangement interval, and the sprinkling height, and set to perform sprinkling from the nozzle under the optimum conditions.
By controlling the mist spraying while referring to the weather conditions consisting of the relative humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, the mist spraying from the rooftop of the building, etc. can be accurately performed in accordance with the relationship between the nozzle installation position and the cooling target. Can be implemented. As a result, even if the nozzle installation position, which is a feature of large-scale mist spraying, differs from the space to be cooled, mist spraying can be performed accurately in accordance with changing weather conditions. The space can be cooled. In addition, since wasteful spraying can be prevented, the amount of water required for mist spraying and the running ghost for power consumption can be reduced.

In general, the watering start condition is that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is 30 ° C. or higher, the humidity is less than 70%, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is less than 5 m / sec, and the wind direction is relative to the nozzle installation position. And set it as tail wind or cross wind,
The watering stop condition is set such that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is less than 30 ° C., the humidity is 70% or more, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is 5 m / second or more, and the wind direction is the head wind against the nozzle installation direction. It is preferable.

  That is, the detection value detected by the temperature sensor and humidity sensor is calculated by the calculation unit, the temperature is 30 ° C. or higher, the humidity is less than 70%, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is less than 5 m / sec, and the wind direction is relative to the nozzle installation position. If it is a tailwind or a crosswind, spraying from the nozzle is set to start. In addition, spraying from the nozzle is stopped when the watering stop condition is reached. Needless to say, the threshold temperature and humidity may be changed according to the conditions and time of the target area.

As described above, the present invention mainly focuses on cooling a space of 2 m or less above the ground, which affects the pedestrians on the ground, but by attaching nozzles to the building's rooftop or the outer wall of a higher floor, In addition, cooling of the sky above 2 m above the ground can be accompanied.
Furthermore, the nozzle is installed on the outer wall of the building via a pipe, and the nozzle is placed within the required dimension range from the outer wall of the building, so that the outer wall of the building where the nozzle is installed is cooled to The internal space can also be cooled. For example, if water can be sprayed from the roof of a building and the outer walls of the 4th and 3rd floors can be cooled to cool the internal space, it is possible to save energy in an air conditioner that operates for room cooling.

From the viewpoint described above, the present invention secondly includes a plurality of nozzles installed on the outer surface of a building including a building, a house, a tower, a pillar, or an arcade frame, and sprinkling water toward the atmosphere.
Sprinkling from the nozzle is based on cooling the ground part of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground, cooling the sky part above the cooling target space, and cooling the outer wall of the building in which the nozzle is arranged. There is provided a water spray cooling system using a building characterized by cooling the inside of the building.

  The amount of water sprayed from the nozzle is adjusted in multiple stages according to changes in temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, and the amount of water sprayed is adjusted by adjusting the number of nozzles sprayed, adjusting the nozzle position, and adjusting the water pressure supplied to the nozzles. It is preferable to carry out by adjusting at least one of the above.

  For example, when the temperature of the space to be cooled is 35 ° C., water is sprayed from all nozzles, and when the temperature falls to 30 ° C., the number of nozzles to be sprayed decreases. For example, half of the nozzles arranged in parallel in the pipe are sprinkled. The other half will stop watering. Further, when the nozzles are arranged in a staggered manner on the outer surface of the building in two rows in the front and rear, the nozzles on the rear side stop watering and only the nozzles on the front side continue watering. Furthermore, the water pressure supplied to the nozzle may be reduced to reduce the amount of water spray.

  As the nozzle, disposing different types of nozzles in which at least one of the water spray amount and the average particle diameter of the water droplets to be sprayed is different, and adjusting the overall water spray amount by selecting the nozzles for water spraying and the nozzles to stop water spraying with different types of nozzles Also good.

  It is necessary to use a large number of nozzles for watering for district cooling. In this case, using different types of nozzles has the advantage that the amount of sprinkling can be adjusted in multiple stages and various adjustments can be performed accurately, and cooling can be performed effectively.

  In order to promote the cooling of the internal space of the building, it is preferable that the range of water spray from the nozzle is close to the outer wall. However, when a large amount of water droplets adhere to the outer wall of the building, dripping occurs on the outer wall. The dripping may damage the beauty of the outer wall and may adhere to the above-ground passersby. Therefore, consideration is given by setting watering start conditions and watering stop conditions according to the wind speed and direction so that a large amount of water droplets do not adhere to the outer wall.

In addition, when the nozzle is mounted in parallel with the pipe along the outer wall of the building, dripping water from the pipe may adhere to the outer wall, which may impair the appearance of the outer wall, and may fall on the ground and adhere to a passerby.
In order to prevent the occurrence of this problem, the nozzle is arranged above the protrusions such as ridges and ridges attached to the building, or on the roof of the building and at a position away from the outer wall surface, for example, within a range of 5 cm to 20 cm. It is preferable that dripping water from the piping does not adhere to the outer wall surface and fall to the ground part.

  Further, it is preferable that the pipe to which the nozzle is attached is covered with a water absorbing member, dripping water transmitted from the nozzle to the pipe or dripping water directly generated from the pipe is once absorbed by the water absorbing member and then evaporated. The water-absorbing member may be formed of a water-absorbing material made of a foam material or the like, and the pipe may be externally covered with the covering material, or may be coated with a water-absorbing paint.

As described above, the building-based water spray cooling system of the present invention performs effective nozzle placement using a building in an urban area where the building stands and controls mist spraying while referring to weather conditions. Accordingly, it is possible to accurately carry out mist spraying from the rooftop of the building in accordance with the relationship between the nozzle installation position and the object to be cooled and the weather conditions. As a result, even when the nozzle installation position and the cooling target space, which is a feature of large-scale mist spraying, are different, the mist spraying can be performed accurately according to changing weather conditions. It becomes possible. Moreover, since unnecessary mist spraying can be prevented, the amount of water required for mist spraying can reduce the running cost for power consumption. Moreover, it is possible to prevent water droplets from adhering to passers-by on the ground, and mist spraying from the building can be performed without problems.
In addition to cooling the ground part within 2 meters above the ground, it is also possible to cool the outer part of the building with the sky and nozzles attached, and consequently the inside of the building, thereby saving energy in air conditioners that cool indoors. Can also be planned.

1 shows a first embodiment of the present invention, (A) is a schematic overall plan view, and (B) is a partial schematic front view. It is a front view of the building which installed the nozzle. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of an automatic control means. It is a top view explaining a wind direction direction. It is drawing which shows the installation position of the nozzle of the outer wall surface of a building. A nozzle is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is a side view of a nozzle tip. 6 is a graph showing the results of Experimental Example 1. 10 is a graph showing the results of Experimental Example 2. 10 is a graph showing the results of Experimental Example 3. 10 is a graph showing the results of Experimental Example 4. 10 is a graph showing the results of Experimental Example 5. 10 is a graph showing Experimental Example 6. (A) (B) (C) is explanatory drawing which shows 2nd Embodiment. (A) (B) is drawing which shows the modification of 2nd Embodiment. The third embodiment is shown, (A) is an explanatory diagram showing the problems of the third embodiment, (B) is a schematic diagram of the third embodiment, and (C) is a schematic diagram of a modification. It is a perspective view which shows the other modification of 3rd Embodiment.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1st Embodiment is shown in FIG. 1 thru | or FIG.

  The building-use sprinkling cooling system of the present invention is a cooling system that cools the entire area when a so-called heat island phenomenon occurs in an urban area where buildings are forested. A pipe for water supply is installed along the outer surface of a building including a building, house, tower, pillar, or arcade frame in a certain area of the urban area, and a nozzle 1 for injecting water is attached to the pipe. Water is sprinkled toward the atmosphere.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 (A), a nozzle 1 is attached to a pipe 2 installed along an outer wall surface of a building B facing the main street S in the urban area. As shown in FIG. 1 (B) by watering from the nozzle 1, as shown in FIG. 1B, a building (building) to which the ground part H1, which is a space to be cooled within 2 m above the ground, the upper part H2 of the ground part A, and the nozzle 1 are attached. The outer wall Bs of B is cooled.

The building B1 and the building B2 on both sides of the main street S are different in height. Of the opposing buildings B shown in FIG. 1 (B), the left building B1 is a 6-story building and has an outer wall surface of 15 m in height. The pipe 2 is horizontally installed along Bs, and the nozzles 1 are arranged in parallel on the pipe 2 at regular intervals. The right building B2 is a four-story building with a pipe 2 installed on a rooftop Bu with a height of 15 m, and nozzles 1 arranged in parallel at regular intervals.
Although the nozzle 1 attached to the buildings B1 and B2 on both sides is not particularly limited, the nozzle 1 shown in FIG. 6 is used in this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the pipe 2 to which the nozzle 1 is attached is connected to a pipe 6 connected to the pipe 2 in a tank 5 mounted on the rooftop Bu for both buildings B1 and B2. The piping 6 is provided with an electromagnetic opening / closing valve 7, and automatic control means 8 for controlling the opening / closing of the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 7 is installed in a management room or the like in the building B. The pipe 6 is provided with a pump P upstream from the electromagnetic on-off valve 7 to supply water to each nozzle 1 at a required water pressure.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the automatic control means 8 includes a computer 10, and the computer 10 includes a temperature data 11, a humidity sensor 12, a wind speed sensor 13, a measurement data acquisition unit 15 to which detection values are input from the wind direction sensor 14, A storage unit 17 storing the temperature and humidity of the cooling target space H1 and the watering start conditions and the watering stop conditions of the wind speed and direction of the nozzle installation location, and the measurement data and the storage unit 17 of the measurement data acquisition unit 15 A control unit 18 that determines and controls the start and stop of watering from the nozzle 1 by comparing each of the above conditions, and an output unit 19 connected to the control unit 18, and includes a watering start signal and a watering stop from the output unit 19. A signal is transmitted to the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 7 and the pump P, the opening / closing control of the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 7 and the discharge control of the pump P are performed.

  Further, the measuring means comprising the temperature sensor 11, the humidity sensor 12, the wind speed sensor 13, and the wind direction sensor 14 are installed on the roof Bu for both the buildings B1 and B2, and the roof height is within the space to be cooled within 2 m above the ground. Since the temperature and humidity detected by the temperature sensor 11 and the humidity sensor 12 are deviated from the ground part H1, a calculation part 16 that converts the temperature and humidity of the ground part H1 of the space to be cooled into the measurement data acquisition part 15 is provided. I have.

  In the conversion performed by the calculation unit 16, the temperature, the difference in height between the installation position of the humidity sensor and the space to be cooled, whether or not the ground portion H1 of the space to be cooled is a space surrounded by a building, the width dimension of the space, Detected values of the temperature sensor 11 and the humidity sensor 12 in consideration of a number of location condition items such as the ratio of outdoor units facing the space, the degree of air permeability of the space, and the presence or absence of building wind Is converted into measurement data of the temperature and humidity of the ground portion H1 of the cooling target space. Therefore, when the installation height of the measuring means installed in each building is different and the height difference from the ground portion H1 of the space to be cooled is different, the conversion contents are made different.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the wind direction sensor 14 installed on the roof Bu of the building detects the angle of the wind direction with respect to the vertical outer wall surface Bs on which the nozzle 1 of the building B is arranged, and the wind direction sensor 14 and the wind speed sensor The detected value of 13 is used without being converted like temperature and humidity. In FIG. 4, when the angle θ is 0 °, it is a head wind, 90 ° is a cross wind, and 180 ° is a tail wind.

In the storage unit 17 of the automatic control means, threshold values for the start and stop of watering from the nozzle 1 are stored, and the threshold value for the watering start condition is that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is 30 ° C. or higher and the humidity is Less than 70%, the wind speed at the position where the nozzle 1 is installed is less than 5 m / sec, and the wind direction is set as a tail wind and a cross wind with respect to the nozzle installation position.
In addition, the threshold value for the watering stop condition is that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is less than 30 ° C., the humidity is 70% or more, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is 5 m / second or more, and the wind direction is opposite to the nozzle installation direction. Is set.
Needless to say, the threshold value may be changed for each application region.

  Further, in addition to the condition for stopping the water spraying from the nozzle 1, the temperature of the upper space H2 in a space from 2 m above the ground to 30 m and at a distance of 1 m to 3 m in the horizontal direction from the position of the nozzle 1 is set below the set value. You may selectively add the conditions which cool, and the conditions which cool the outer wall temperature Bs of the building B which has arrange | positioned the said nozzle 1 in the outer wall below to a preset value.

As shown in FIG. 5, if there is a protrusion 21 such as a ridge 21 or a ridge attached to the outer wall surface Bs of the building B, the nozzle 1 installs a pipe 2 along the outer wall surface above the ridge 21. A nozzle 1 is attached.
If there are no protrusions such as ridges 21, the nozzle 1 is disposed so that the nozzle 1 is located at a position away from the outer wall surface Bs of the building B, for example, in the range of 5 cm to 20 m. In addition to being not attached to the outer wall surface Bs, the outer wall surface Bs is not dropped.

  The nozzle 1 to be used consists of the nozzles shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B, and is a cylindrical nozzle body 1a made of injection-molded resin, stainless steel or the like, and a ceramic fixed to the inner surface of the injection side wall of the nozzle body 1a. The nozzle tip 1b made of stainless steel or stainless steel is used. The nozzle body 1a is closed at one end with a cylindrical peripheral wall 1c with an injection side wall 1d, and provided with an injection hole 1e at the center thereof. The other end of the peripheral wall is an opening 1f, the opening 1f communicates with the pipe 2, and the body 1a is hollow. It flows into the part.

The nozzle tip 1b has a substantially disk shape and is fixed to the inner surface of the ejection side wall 1d of the nozzle body 1a. The nozzle tip 1b is provided with a central injection hole 1h communicating with the central injection hole 1e of the injection side wall of the main body 1a, and sprays water as a swirling flow from the injection hole 1h through the injection hole 1e.
The injection hole 1h includes a tapered hole portion 1h-1 that is reduced in diameter from the inflow side, and a small diameter hole portion 1h-2 that is continuous with the tapered hole portion 1h-1 and communicates with the injection hole 1e. Further, the inner surface of the nozzle tip 1b is provided with turning grooves 1k that are curved in an arc shape with an interval of 90 degrees, and the inner peripheral ends of these turning grooves 1k are communicated with the peripheral edge of the tapered hole portion 1h-1 for turning. It is set as the structure which flows in flowing water through the groove | channel 1k.

  The nozzles 1 are attached to the piping 2 provided along the outer wall surface Bs of the building B at a constant interval of 10 to 100 cm (25 cm in this embodiment). Water having a water pressure of 0.3 to 10 MPa is supplied to the nozzle 1 by the pump P to generate spray having a particle size of 20 to 100 μm. The nozzle 1 may use not only the same type but also different types.

In the nozzle 1, the water flowing into the nozzle body 1a from the pipe 2 passes through the swirling groove of the nozzle tip 1b on the injection side and flows into the tapered hole 1h-1 of the injection hole 1h as a swirling flow. In the tapered hole portion 1h-1, the water droplets are made fine because they collide with the inner peripheral surface of the hole portion while turning, and the water droplets are refined to the small-diameter hole portion 1h-2 on the ejection side from the tapered hole portion 1h-1. It flows in and is sprayed in the form of mist as fine water droplets of 20 to 100 μm from the nozzle hole 1e of the nozzle body 1a communicated.
Needless to say, the nozzle 1 to be used is not limited to the nozzle configured as described above.

The water droplets sprayed from the nozzle 1 may be the same as the above-mentioned Patent Document 1, and the droplets sprayed from the nozzle are completely in the atmosphere at a temperature of 25 to 40 ° C., a humidity of 30 to 70%, and a wind speed of 1 m / second or less. It is preferable that the residence time in the atmosphere required for evaporation to be 0.6 seconds or more.
Specifically, the average particle diameter of the droplets sprayed from the nozzle is set to 20 to 100 μm, and the residence time of the droplets in the atmosphere is set to 0.6 to 15 seconds in a no-wind state.
When the water droplets sprayed from the nozzle 1 reach 2.8 m above the ground, the average particle diameter of the water droplets is 20 μm or less, and the residence time of the water droplets from less than 2.8 m in the atmosphere is less than 0.6 seconds. Yes.

In the cooling system configured as described above, the temperature and humidity of the ground portion H1 of the space to be cooled within 2 m above the ground are acquired by the calculation unit of the automatic control device, and the temperature of the ground portion H1 is 30 ° C. or higher and the humidity is less than 70%. When the wind speed at the position where the nozzle 1 is installed is less than 5 m / sec and the wind direction is a tail wind or a cross wind with respect to the nozzle installation position, spraying from the nozzle 1 is started and water is sprayed outward from the outer wall of the building B. .
Moreover, when the temperature of the above-ground part H1 is less than 30 ° C. and the humidity is 70% or more, the wind speed at the installation position of the nozzle 1 is 5 m / second or more, and the wind direction is a head wind with respect to the nozzle installation direction, the spraying from the nozzle 1 is stopped. ing.
Thereby, the water droplets of the sprinkled water cool the air with the heat of vaporization at the time of evaporation, so that the ground part H1, the sky part H2, and the outer wall of the building B can be cooled, and the water drop does not come into contact with humans on the ground part H1. ing.

  The factors that affect the temperature drop rate due to water spray from the nozzle 1 are mainly the droplet diameter of spray from each nozzle, the nozzle arrangement interval, the water spray height, the relative humidity, the wind speed, and the wind direction. The following experiments were conducted on the contribution of these elements to cooling.

"Experiment 1"
In Experimental Example 1, an experiment was conducted to analyze the relationship between the amount of sprayed water and the temperature drop on the ground. All the nozzles were attached to the outer wall of the building 16 meters above the ground, and were installed on the school building side and road side of the building. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 7, the average water droplet diameter sprayed from the nozzle and the nozzle arrangement interval were made different. The water droplet diameter from the nozzle was measured using a phase type laser Doppler measuring device (PDPA / LVD system manufactured by Aerometrics). The temperature was measured at a position 1.5 m above the ground.

FIG. 7 shows the correlation between the amount of sprayed water and the drop temperature (° C.).
From FIG. 7, it was found that as the nozzle arrangement interval is narrowed, the total water sprinkling amount increases, so that the temperature drop becomes remarkable, but the difference of about 10 μm in the average water droplet diameter has almost no effect on the temperature drop.

"Experimental example 2"
In Experimental Example 2, an experiment was conducted to analyze the relationship between the wind direction (the angle θ of the wind direction with respect to the building) and the temperature drop on the ground. The average particle diameter of the nozzles, the nozzle arrangement interval, and the nozzle installation height were the same as in Experimental Example 1. FIG. 8 shows the correlation between the wind direction and the decrease temperature in the measurement results. From FIG. 8, even if a tail wind of 30 ° to 60 ° is blown, the ground portion can be cooled, particularly in the case of 30 °, and the cooling effect is the best. It was confirmed that the cooling effect did not appear in the part.

"Experiment 3"
In Experimental Example 3, an experiment was conducted to analyze the correlation between the wind speed at the time of the tailwind and the temperature drop at the ground.
The average particle diameter of the nozzles, the nozzle arrangement interval, and the nozzle installation height were the same as in Experimental Example 1. FIG. 9 shows the correlation between the wind speed and the decrease temperature in the measurement result.
From FIG. 9, it was confirmed that the ground portion was cooled when the wind speed was about 2.5 m / sec, but the cooling effect was improved as the wind speed was lowered.

"Experimental example 4"
In Experimental Example 4, an experiment was conducted on the cooling effect of the outer wall surface of the building by water spraying from a nozzle attached to the roof with a height of 34 m.
The outer wall cooling effect was measured using an infrared camera (AVIO) and analyzed by temperature distribution. The measurement results are shown in FIG.
From Fig. 10, the average temperature difference between the upper wall of the building that is affected by cooling by mist and the lower wall of the building that is not affected by cooling by mist is 3.6 ° C, contributing to cooling on the outer wall of the building. I was able to confirm.

“Experimental Example 5”
The temperature drop in the vicinity of the window of the building was measured under ventilation conditions by changing the pitch of the nozzles attached to the roof of the building and the average water droplet diameter. The result is shown in FIG. From FIG. 11, since the temperature near the window of the building was lowered, it was confirmed that water sprayed from the nozzle to the external space also contributed to cooling the internal space of the building where the nozzle was installed.

"Experimental example 6"
An experiment was conducted to analyze the correlation between the presence / absence of water spraying from a nozzle attached to the roof of the building and the power consumption in the air conditioner operating time (1.5 hours) for the target classroom air conditioning of the building.
In the experiment, a nozzle having an average water droplet diameter of 65 μm was used, and the nozzles were installed at an arrangement interval of 25 cm. The result is as shown in FIG. 12, and when the outside air temperature was 35 ° C., the power consumption of the air conditioner for classroom air conditioning could be reduced by about 50% (about 6 kwh).
From FIG. 10, when there was watering from the nozzle attached to the rooftop, the power consumption of the air conditioner for indoor air conditioning of the building was clearly lower than that without watering. From this result, it was confirmed that the interior of the building could be cooled by watering from the nozzle attached to the roof to save energy.

  As described above, based on the analysis of the correlation between the water droplet diameter sprayed from the nozzle, the nozzle arrangement interval, the wind direction, the wind speed and the temperature decrease rate, the optimum condition for lowering the temperature is extracted, and the optimum condition is extracted from the nozzle. It is preferable to set to perform watering.

FIG. 13 shows a second embodiment.
In the second embodiment, the amount of sprinkling can be adjusted by the temperature and humidity, and further, if necessary, by the wind direction and the wind speed from the start of watering to the stop of watering. The adjustment of the sprinkling amount is performed by a plurality of stages of control by a computer of automatic control means.
Specifically, when the temperature drops due to watering, adjustment is made to reduce the amount of watering. In this embodiment, the pipes 2 to which the nozzles 1 are attached are the inner and outer double pipes 2A and 2B, and the nozzles 1A and 1B are attached to the inner pipe 2A and the outer pipe 2B close to the outer wall in a staggered arrangement. The nozzles 1A and 1B attached to the inner and outer pipes are the same nozzle.

On-off valves 30A and 30B are provided upstream of the pipes 2A and 2B, respectively, and the watering amount is closed for both the on-off valves 30A and 30B shown in FIG. 13A and the nozzles 1A and 1B are not sprinkled, FIG. 13B. The on-off valve 30A shown is closed, 30B is open, water is sprayed only from the nozzle 1B, and both the on-off valves 30A and 30B shown in FIG. 13C are open, and the water is sprinkled from both the nozzles 1A and 1B. ing.
As a result, when the temperature of the ground portion H1 is 35 ° C., for example, water is sprayed from the nozzles 1A and 1B as shown in FIG. 13C, and when the temperature reaches 30 ° C., for example, only from the nozzle and 1B as shown in FIG. When water is sprayed and the temperature reaches, for example, 28 ° C., water spraying is stopped from the nozzles 1A and 1B as shown in FIG.

  Further, the nozzles 1A and 1B attached to the inner and outer pipes 2A and 2B are different types of nozzles, and the average diameter of the water droplets of the nozzle 1 and the nozzle 2 are different from each other. Mist may be sprayed. In addition, by using different types of nozzles in combination, the above-ground part can be cooled in a wider range than using only the same nozzle.

  Furthermore, it is good also as a structure shown to the modification of FIG. 14 (A) (B). As in the first embodiment, the nozzles 1 are attached to one horizontal pipe 2 at a narrow interval, and when the amount of water spray is reduced from the state where water is sprayed from all the nozzles 1 shown in FIG. Sprinkling may be stopped by jumping one of the parallel nozzles 1 shown in (B). Furthermore, when water is sprayed from all the nozzles 1, the water pressure may be changed to adjust the amount of water sprayed.

FIG. 15 shows a third embodiment.
In the third embodiment, when water is sprayed from the nozzle 1, dripping water is generated from the piping as shown in FIG. 15 (A), adheres to the outer wall surface Bs of the building B and impairs the beauty of the outer wall, There is a risk of falling and sticking to passers-by. In order to prevent the occurrence of this problem, in the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, the pipe 2 is installed above the protrusion 21 such as the flange 21 or the flange installed horizontally along the outer wall surface Bs. The nozzle 1 is attached to the pipe 2.
With this configuration, the dripping water is received by the protrusions such as the ridge 21 or the ridge, and can be prevented from adhering to the outer wall surface Bs.

In the third embodiment shown in FIG. 15 (B), the pipe 2 is installed on the support base 22 protruding from the roof Bu of the building B, the nozzle 1 is attached away from the outer wall surface, and water droplets transmitted through the nozzle pipe are on the roof. It is transmitted to Bu and is not transmitted to the outer wall B. This prevents dripping water from deteriorating the appearance of the outer wall B or falling on the ground and sticking to passers-by.
In the modification shown in FIG. 15C, the pipe 2 installed on the support base 22 on the roof of the building B is inclined, so that the water droplets along the pipe return to the roof and are not transmitted to the outer wall B of the building. I have to. This prevents dripping water from deteriorating the appearance of the outer wall B or falling on the ground and sticking to passers-by.

  FIG. 16 shows another modification of the third embodiment. The pipe 2 is covered with a water-absorbing coating material 23 made of a foam material, dripping water from the nozzle 1 is absorbed by the water-absorbing coating material 23, and then evaporated. doing. Instead of covering the pipe 2 with the water-absorbing coating material 23, the pipe 2 may be coated with a water-absorbing paint.

1 Nozzle 2, 6 Piping 8 Automatic control means B Building (existing building)
Bs outer wall

Claims (9)

Multiple nozzles installed on the exterior of a building, including a building, house, tower, pillar, or arcade frame, and sprinkling water toward the atmosphere;
Measuring means for detecting weather conditions including temperature, humidity, wind speed and direction;
An automatic control means for starting and stopping watering from the nozzle while monitoring the measurement value input from the measurement means,
The automatic control means includes
A measurement data acquisition unit to which the measurement data of the temperature and humidity of the cooling target space in the above-ground part within 2 m above the ground based on the measurement data from the measurement means, and the measurement data of the wind speed and direction of the nozzle installation position;
A storage unit that stores the temperature and humidity of the space to be cooled and the air speed and the direction of water spraying at the nozzle installation location, and the watering stop condition,
A building having a control unit for determining and controlling watering start and watering stop from the nozzle by comparing the measurement data of the measurement data acquisition unit with the watering start condition and watering stop condition of the storage unit Use-type sprinkling cooling system.   When the measurement unit is installed outside the cooling target space within 2 m above the ground, a calculation unit that converts the temperature and humidity acquired from the measurement unit into the temperature and humidity of the cooling target space is included in the measurement data acquisition unit. The building-use type sprinkling cooling system according to claim 1, wherein The watering start condition is that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is 30 ° C. or higher, the humidity is less than 70%, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is less than 5 m / sec, and the wind direction is the following wind and cross wind with respect to the nozzle installation position. Set,
The sprinkling stop conditions are set such that the temperature of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground is less than 30 ° C., the humidity is 70% or more, the wind speed at the nozzle installation position is 5 m / second or more, and the wind direction is the head wind with respect to the nozzle installation direction. The building-use type sprinkling cooling system according to claim 1 or 2. Installed on the exterior of a building, including a building, house, tower, pillar, or arcade frame, with multiple nozzles that sprinkle water toward the atmosphere,
Sprinkling from the nozzle is based on cooling the ground part of the space to be cooled below 2 m above the ground, cooling the sky part above the cooling target space, and cooling the outer wall of the building in which the nozzle is arranged. A building-use water sprinkling cooling system that cools the inside of a building and cools the temperature of the outer wall of the building to a required temperature or more before watering from a nozzle.   The amount of water sprayed from the nozzle can be adjusted in multiple stages corresponding to temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction, and the amount of water spray can be adjusted by adjusting the number of nozzles to spray, the position of nozzles to spray water, and the water pressure supplied to the nozzles. The building-based water sprinkling cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is performed by one or more of the adjustments.   The building-based sprinkling cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein different types of nozzles differing in at least one of a sprinkling amount and an average particle diameter of water droplets to be sprinkled are used.   The building-based water sprinkling cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the total water sprinkling amount is adjusted by selecting a nozzle that sprinkles water and a nozzle that stops water sprinkling.   The nozzle is placed above the protrusion attached to the building or the protrusion made of the fence, or placed at a position away from the outer wall surface of the building by a required dimension, and dripping water from the nozzle and the pipe adheres to the outer wall surface. The building-based sprinkling cooling system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the structure is configured not to fall on the ground part.   The said nozzle is attached to piping installed along the outer wall surface of the said structure at intervals, the said piping is coat | covered with a water absorbing material, and the dripping water transmitted from a nozzle is absorbed with the said water absorbing material. The building-use-type sprinkling cooling system according to any one of the above.

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