JP2013203572A - ハニカム構造体 - Google Patents
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Abstract
【解決手段】本発明は、複数のハニカムセグメント2が接合材層9を介して互いの接合面で一体的に接合されたハニカムセグメント接合体10を備え、流体の流路となる複数のセル5が中心軸方向に互いに並行するように配設された構造を有するハニカム構造体1であって、接合材層9が骨材として無機粒子とショット含有率が10質量%未満の針状結晶粒子とを含有し、かつ針状結晶粒子がその長軸方向の平均長さが20〜500μmのものが80質量%以上であるハニカム構造体である。無機粒子としては、炭化珪素、コージェライト、アルミナ、ジルコニア、イットリアなどが、天然針状鉱物がとしては、セピオライト、ウォラストナイト、パリゴスカイトなどが使用することができる。
【選択図】図1
Description
無機繊維は、一般的に人造非晶質繊維のことを意味し、鉱物、鉱石、鉱さい(スラグ)、岩石、無機粉末等を種々の組合せで配合し、溶融化して、遠心力等を利用して吹き飛ばして繊維状にしたものである。その代表的なものとして、リフラクトリーセラミックファイバー(RCF)、グラスウール(GW)、ロックウール(RW)、スラグウール(SW)などが挙げられる。この無機繊維の精製などの際に糸切れなどにより紡糸されずに残された原料が再固化して、粒状の未繊維状物質が発生することがある。この粒状の物質(ショット)は無機繊維の副生成物であり、このショットが含まれることでハニカム構造体の応力緩和機能および接合強度が低下することが知られている
接合材層9での接合強度は次のような方法で測定した。即ち、ハニカム構造体から2本のハニカムセグメントが接合された2本組構造体を切り出し、その2本組構造体の接合部のY軸方向(長手方向)にせん断荷重をかけたときの破壊荷重と接合部の面積から、下式より算出した。
1.ハニカムセグメントの作製:
ハニカムセグメント原料として、SiC粉末及び金属Si粉末を80:20の質量割合で混合し、これに造孔剤として澱粉、発泡樹脂を加え、さらにメチルセルロース及びヒドロキシプロポキシルメチルセルロース、界面活性剤及び水を添加して、可塑性の坏土を作製した。この坏土を押出成形し、マイクロ波及び熱風で乾燥して隔壁の厚さが310μm、セル密度が約46.5セル/cm2(300セル/平方インチ)、断面が一辺35mmの正四角形、長さが152mmのハニカムセグメント成形体を得た。このハニカムセグメント成形体を、端面が市松模様状を呈するように、セルの両端面を目封じした。すなわち、隣接するセルが、互いに反対側の端部で封じられるように目封じを行った。目封じ材としては、ハニカムセグメント原料と同様な材料を用いた。セルの両端面を目封じし、乾燥させた後、大気雰囲気中約400℃で脱脂し、その後、Ar不活性雰囲気で約1450℃で焼成して、SiC結晶粒子をSiで結合させた、多孔質構造を有するハニカムセグメントを得た。
骨材成分としては、無機粒子として無機微粒炭化珪素を、針状結晶粒子としてウォラストナイトを用い、造孔材として発泡樹脂を用いた。針状結晶粒子のウォラストナイトは、その長軸方向の平均長さと長軸方向に垂直な断面の平均直径を種々変えたものを使用し、また、無機微粒炭化珪素とウォラストナイトの配合比率も種々変化させた。このウォラストナイトは天然鉱物でありショット含有率はゼロであった。これにさらに無機バインダーとしてコロイダルシリカを、有機バインダーとしてカルボキシメチルセルロースを、分散剤としてポリエチレングリコールオレイン酸エステルを加え、更に水を加えて混合した。その後、これをミキサーにて30分間混練してペースト状の接合材組成物を得た。そしてこのペースト状の接合材組成物の粘度が300〜400dPa・sとなるように水を加えて調整した。ここで使用した無機微粒炭化珪素とウォラストナイトのサイズと配合比率、その他の各添加成分の配合割合等は表1に示す。
ハニカムセグメントの外壁面に、厚さ約1mmとなるように表1に示す種々の接合材組成物をコーティングして接合材層を形成し、その上に別のハニカムセグメントを載置した。この工程を繰り返して、16個のハニカムセグメントからなるハニカムセグメント積層体を作製し、外部より圧力を加え、全体を接合させた。その後、140℃で2時間乾燥してハニカムセグメント接合体を得た。次いで、このハニカムセグメント接合体の外周を円筒状に切断した後、コーティング材を塗布し、700℃で2時間乾燥硬化させ、ハニカム構造体を得た。
得られたそれぞれのハニカム構造体から一部を切断して取り出し、それぞれのサンプルについてZ軸方向の圧縮ヤング率と接合強度を測定した。更に、それぞれのハニカム構造体の急速加熱試験(バーナースポーリング試験、B−sp)、急速冷却試験(電気炉スポーリング試験、E−sp)、エンジン試験(E/G試験)を行った。これらの試験結果を表2に示す。
ハニカム構造体にバーナーで加熱した空気を流すことにより中心部分と外側部分との温度差をつくり、ハニカム構造体のクラックの発生しない温度により耐熱衝撃性を評価する試験。加熱できる温度が高いほど耐熱衝撃性が高い。
ハニカム構造体を電気炉にて500℃×2h加熱し、均一な温度にした後、電気炉から取り出し室温まで急速に冷却する。急速冷却によるハニカム構造体のクラック発生の有無により耐熱衝撃性を評価する試験。
フィルター再生のために堆積したパーティキュレートを燃焼させ、ハニカム中心部の温度が1000℃となる条件にて、ハニカム構造体のクラックの有無により耐熱衝撃性を評価する試験。
2:ハニカムセグメント、
4:コーティング材、
5:セル、
6:隔壁、
7:充填材、
9:接合材層、
10:ハニカムセグメント接合体。
Claims (9)
- 複数のハニカムセグメントが接合材層を介して互いの接合面で一体的に接合されたハニカムセグメント接合体を備え、流体の流路となる複数のセルが中心軸方向に互いに並行するように配設された構造を有するハニカム構造体であって、
前記接合材層が骨材として無機粒子とショット含有率が10質量%未満の針状結晶粒子とを含有し、かつ針状結晶粒子がその長軸方向の平均長さが20〜500μmのものが80質量%以上であるハニカム構造体。 - 接合材層に骨材として使用する無機粒子が、炭化珪素(SiC)、コージェライト、アルミナ、ジルコニアおよびイットリアからなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の無機粒子である請求項1に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記無機粒子が、その平均粒子径が1〜20μmである請求項1又は2に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 接合材層に骨材として使用する針状結晶粒子が、天然針状鉱物又はショット含有率が10質量%未満の無機繊維のいずれかである請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記天然針状鉱物が、セピオライト、ウォラストナイト、パリゴスカイト、及びアタパルジャイトからなる群から選ばれる1種又は2種以上の針状鉱物である請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記針状結晶粒子が、その長軸方向に垂直な断面の平均直径が1〜20μmである請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 接合材層における前記無機粒子と針状結晶粒子の比率が、質量比で10:90〜90:10の範囲にある請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層のヤング率が20〜100MPaの範囲にある請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
- 前記接合材層の接合強度が500〜1500kPaの範囲にある請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載のハニカム構造体。
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