JP2013202036A - Vegetable harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To convey vegetables by a vegetable conveying part of a vegetable harvester, and to remove concurrently weeds and contaminants.SOLUTION: This vegetable harvester 1 includes a traveling part 14, a vegetable conveying part 17 arranged on an upper part of the traveling part 14, and a vegetable storage part 18 for storing vegetables conveyed from the vegetable conveying part 17, and harvests the vegetables while driving the traveling part 14 to advance a harvester body. In the vegetable harvester, a weeding guide 20 is provided in a rear end part of the vegetable conveying part 17, and the weeding guide 20 is bent semicircularly to cover a rear circumference of a conveying conveyer 270, and includes a plurality of guide rods 22 arranged in parallel with a laterally prescribed space, and a guide plate 21 for supporting the guide rods 22.

Description

  The present invention relates to a vegetable harvesting machine that harvests vegetables while running a machine. Specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for scraping vegetables on a farm field, transporting them backward by a conveyor, and removing weeds and contaminants transported together with vegetables at the rear of the conveyor.

  Conventionally, it has been known that vegetables such as carrots, onions, potatoes, and sweet potatoes grown in straw are pulled from the straw and placed on the straw, and then the vegetables on the straw are harvested by a vegetable harvester. For example, it is a technique shown in Patent Document 1.

  In the technique shown in Patent Document 1, a scraping portion is disposed at the front of the machine body, a front portion of the vegetable transport portion is disposed below the scraping portion, and a sorting portion is disposed in the middle of the front and rear of the vegetable transport portion. It was set up. In the sorting section, seats for sorting workers to sort are arranged on both the left and right sides of the vegetable transport section, and the sorting workers sit on the seat and manually sort the vegetables flowing on the vegetable transport section.

  In the vegetable harvesting machine in Patent Document 1, when vegetables are transported by the vegetable transport section, not only vegetables but also weeds and impurities on the field are picked up and transported together. Containers that contain vegetables also contain weeds and other impurities that have been extracted with vegetables. When weeds and contaminants were removed by the sorting workers, they were very busy and had an adverse effect on the sorting operations. It should be noted that the contaminants include the leaves and stems of vegetables cut by the excavator.

JP 2011-160701 A

  The problem to be solved is to enable the removal of weeds and contaminants at the same time that the vegetables are transported by the vegetable transport section of the vegetable harvesting machine.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is as described above. Next, means for solving the problem will be described.

  That is, in claim 1, the traveling unit includes a traveling unit, a vegetable transport unit disposed on an upper part of the traveling unit, and a vegetable storage unit that stores vegetables transported from the vegetable transport unit. Is a vegetable harvesting machine that harvests vegetables while advancing the machine body, provided with a weeding guide at the rear end of the vegetable transport unit, the weeding guide is semicircular so as to cover the outer periphery of the rear of the transport conveyor And a plurality of guide bars arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals on the left and right sides and a guide plate for supporting the guide bars.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, the guide plate is fixed to the vegetable transport unit so as to straddle the rear upper portion of the transport conveyor in the left-right direction, and one end of the plurality of guide bars is supported to be swingable back and forth with respect to the guide plate. Is.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, the other end of the guide bar extends from the terminal end of the conveyor to the upper front of the shooter that guides the container (container).

As effects of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.
In claim 1, since weeds and contaminants can be removed simultaneously with the conveyance of vegetables, the selection operator can concentrate on the selection of vegetables without removing the weeds and impurities, and the burden on the selection operator can be reduced. Work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, since it arrange | positions at the rear part of a vegetable conveyance part, it does not become a hindrance to the selection operation | work and the accommodation operation | work to a container. Further, since it can be easily configured with a small number of parts, it can be configured at low cost.
In Claim 2, vegetables can be conveyed to a vegetable accommodating part, without being disturbed by a guide stick. In other words, because the guide bar can swing back and forth, left and right, even if the vegetable size is larger than the width of the left and right guide bars or the gap between the guide bar and the conveyor, the guide bar will widen and escape when it passes. It can be stored in a container without falling.
In claim 3, weeds and foreign matters entangled with the guide rod move to the front of the shooter arranged below the conveyor by the conveyance and weight of the vegetables, and are released from the tip of the guide rod and fall to the field scene. No power is required to transport weeds and other contaminants, and weeds and contaminants do not fall into the container.

The side view which shows the whole vegetable harvester structure which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. FIG. The rear side view of a vegetable conveyance part. A side view of a weeding guide. Rear view of the weeding guide. The expanded side sectional view of the attaching part of a weeding guide.

Below, with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, the whole structure of the vegetable harvester 1 is demonstrated.
In the following, the vegetables harvested by the vegetable harvesting machine 1 of the present embodiment will be described as onions, but the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and for example, it is extracted from potatoes such as potatoes, carrots, or sweet potatoes. Any vegetable can be placed on the bowl.
In the following description, it is assumed that the direction of arrow A shown in FIG.

The vegetable harvesting machine 1 is a harvesting machine that collects the onion that has been drawn and placed on the basket and stores it in containers 55, 55.
The vegetable harvesting machine 1 mainly includes a machine body frame 12, a drive unit 13, a traveling unit 14, a control unit 15, a vegetable scraping unit 16, a vegetable transport unit 17, and a vegetable storage unit 18.
The vegetable raking unit 16 is disposed at the foremost portion of the vegetable harvesting machine 1 and is disposed below the vegetable raking unit 16 by arranging a plate-like elastic body in a direction perpendicular to the traveling direction and rotating backward. The onion on the bowl is fed into the front part of the vegetable transport unit 17.

  The vegetable conveyance part 17 is comprised by the endless conveyance body of the interdigital shape, is formed in front low and back height, and the vegetable accommodating part 18 is continuously provided below the rearmost part.

  The onion pulled out from the basket and placed on the basket is scraped by the vegetable scraping section 16 and delivered to the vegetable transport section 17, and is held and transported backward by the vegetable transport section 17. The onion transported to the end of the vegetable transport unit 17 is accommodated in a container 55 set in the vegetable storage unit 18.

Below, with reference to FIGS. 1-2, the structure of each part of the vegetable harvester 1 is demonstrated.
The machine body frame 12 is a main structure of the vegetable harvesting machine 1. The body frame 12 is a substantially box-shaped member composed of a plurality of plate members with the longitudinal direction as the front-rear direction.

  The drive unit 13 includes an engine 131 and is a power source that generates power for driving the vegetable harvester 1. The engine 131 is mounted on the left rear portion of the body frame 12.

  The traveling unit 14 includes a pair of left and right crawler traveling devices. The crawler traveling device supports the body frame 12 and enables the vegetable harvesting machine 1 to travel. The crawler traveling device is disposed at the lower part of the body frame 12, and the power of the engine 131 is shifted by a transmission and driven. However, although the traveling unit 14 is configured by a crawler, it may be configured by a wheel or the like.

  The control unit 15 includes a plurality of levers and the like, and is a part where the vegetable harvester 1 is controlled by an operator. The control unit 15 is disposed above the drive unit 13 so as to protrude upward and rearward from the rearmost part of the body frame 12. In the control unit 15, a travel clutch lever, a work clutch lever, a lift lever, and the like are arranged so that the crawler travel device, the vegetable scraping unit 16, and the vegetable transport unit 17 can be separately operated by operating these levers. Composed.

  The vegetable scraping unit 16 is a part for scraping the onion placed on the bowl and delivering it to the vegetable transport unit 17. The vegetable scraping unit 16 includes a pair of left and right support arms 160 and 160, a scraping drive case 161, a scraping device 163, and the like.

The support arms 160 and 160 are members that support the scraping device 163. The support arms 160 and 160 are arranged in a pair of left and right sides on both sides with the scraping device 163 sandwiched between the front ends thereof.
The rear end portion of the support arm 160 is pivotally supported by the rear end portion of the transport drive case 171 of the vegetable transport unit 17.

  The scraping drive case 161 is internally provided with a power transmission mechanism such as a chain or a sprocket so that the power from the engine 131 is transmitted to the drive shaft 164 of the scraping device 163.

  The scraping device 163 is a device for guiding the onion on the basket onto the conveyor 270 of the vegetable transport unit 17. The scraping device 163 includes a drive shaft 164 that is rotatably supported on the front ends of the support arms 160 and 160, rotary wheels 165 and 165 that are fixed to the left and right sides of the drive shaft 164, and left and right rotary wheels 165 and 165. , Etc., which are slidably supported between the outer peripheries.

  With such a configuration, the onion placed on the basket is scraped by rotating the scraping bodies 167, 167,. It can guide to the vegetable conveyance part 17 provided continuously.

  The vegetable transport unit 17 transports the onion delivered from the vegetable scraping unit 16 backward, and the onion that is damaged or rotted by the sorting operator (auxiliary worker) is removed during the transport, and the rear end is removed. To the container 55. The vegetable transport unit 17 mainly includes a pair of left and right transport drive cases 171 and 171 and a conveyor 270.

  The conveyance drive cases 171 and 171 support the conveyor 270 while incorporating a power transmission mechanism. The rear ends of the transport drive cases 171 and 171 are pivotally supported by the rotation support shaft 173. The rotation support shaft 173 is supported by a support column provided upright on the rear part of the body frame 12. The rotation support shaft 173 also serves as a drive shaft for the conveyor 270. In addition, a hydraulic cylinder 172 is interposed between the transport drive case 171 and the machine frame 12, and the relative height of the transport drive case 171 with respect to the machine frame 12 can be adjusted by operating the hydraulic cylinder 172. It has a configuration.

  The conveyor 270 mainly includes a pair of left and right drive sprockets 271 and 271, a rotation support shaft (drive shaft) 173, a pair of left and right driven rollers 273 and 273, a pair of left and right conveyance chains 275 and 275 configured as an endless belt, It is comprised by the conveyance members 276 * 276 ... etc. which are laid horizontally between the chains 275 * 275.

  The drive sprockets 271 and 271, the driven rollers 273 and 273, and the transport chains 275 and 275 are housed in the transport drive cases 171 and 171. The drive sprockets 271 and 271 are fixed to both ends of the rotation support shaft 173 and arranged in a pair of left and right at the rear end portions of the transport drive cases 171 and 171, and the driven rollers 273 and 273 are front end portions of the transport drive cases 171 and 171. A pair is fixed to the left and right of the driven shaft laid horizontally.

  The transport chains 275 and 275 are wound around the drive sprockets 271 and 271 and the driven rollers 273 and 273 and arranged in a pair on the left and right. With this configuration, when the drive sprockets 271 and 271 are rotationally driven by a drive device (not shown), the transport chains 275 and 275 are rotationally driven accordingly.

  The conveying member 276 is a pipe that is rotatably fitted on a substantially straight rod-shaped member, and is horizontally placed between the conveying chains 275 and 275 and arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the front-rear direction. Configured to form. The conveying member 276 is arranged at a high position and a low position with a predetermined number, and is configured such that a concave portion is formed in a side view, and an onion enters the concave portion and is conveyed.

  Thus, the drive chains 275, 275 are rotationally driven by rotationally driving the drive sprockets 271, 271 and the onions are accommodated in the recesses by moving the transport members 276, 276,. And can be transported to the vegetable storage unit 18. A weeding guide 20 of the present invention, which will be described later, is disposed at the rear of the conveyor 270.

Working units 19 and 19 are disposed on both the left and right sides of the middle part of the vegetable conveying unit 17 in the front-rear direction. The working unit 19 is a part where a sorting operator is located and removes unnecessary objects such as a flaw on the transport surface of the conveyor 20.
The working unit 19 mainly includes a step 191, a seat 192, and a safety frame 193.

  Step 191 is a part where the operator gets on and off to sit on the seat 192. Step 191 is a member on a plate whose longitudinal direction is the front-rear direction, and is attached to the side portion of the body frame 12 via a support member.

The seat 192 is disposed at an arbitrary position on the front, front and rear center, and rear of the upper surface of the step 191, and is intended for a worker who performs an unnecessary object removing operation to sit.
The safety frame 193 guards an operator seated on the seat 192 from entering the conveyor 270.

  In addition, the operator supports the body by holding the safety frame 193 while sitting on the seats 192 and 192, or leans against the safety frames 193 and 193, so that the operator can transfer the conveyor 270 on the conveyance surface. Eliminates unnecessary work such as onions, roots and stems.

The vegetable container 18 is a part for housing the onion conveyed from the conveyor 270 in the container 55.
The vegetable container 18 is provided with a cradle 8 at the rear end of the machine body frame 12 so that the container 55 can be placed on the cradle 8, and the weeding guide 20 and onion are placed at the rear part of the conveyor 270. A shooter 9 for guiding the container 55 is provided.
The shooter 9 is made of an elastic plate material such as rubber, and is disposed between the rear left side portion and the lower portion of the conveyor 270 and the upper end of the container 55 placed on the cradle 8. Thus, the onion dropped from the rear end of the conveyor 270 is guided by the shooter 9 and is accommodated in the container 55.

Next, the weeding guide 20 will be described with reference to FIGS.
The weeding guide 20 is attached to the rear part of the conveyor 270, removes the weeds and other impurities that have been transported along with the vegetables by the conveyor 270, and does not enter the container 55, thereby reducing the burden of the sorting operation. .

  More specifically, the weeding guide 20 includes a guide plate 21, a guide bar 22, and a connecting member 23 that connects the two.

  The guide plate 21 includes a pair of left and right support portions 211 attached to the transport drive case 171 and an attachment portion 212 that is disposed between the left and right support portions 211 and 211 and attaches the guide rod 22.

  The support portion 211 includes a lower plate portion 211a in which a plate material is bent in an L shape when viewed from the front, and a side plate portion 211b arranged in the left-right direction. A mounting hole is formed in the lower plate portion 211a in the up-down direction. And is fixed to the upper surface of the rear portion of the transport drive case 171 so as to be detachable with a bolt or the like. The opposite ends of the mounting portion 212 are fixed between the side plate portions 211b and 211b arranged to face each other. By making the weeding guide 20 detachable, retrofitting can be facilitated and maintenance can be facilitated.

  The mounting portion 212 is formed by bending a plate material that is long in the left-right direction into an L-shape when viewed from the side, opening mounting holes 212a, 212a,... A long hole-like insertion hole 212b, 212b,... Is opened at a predetermined interval. The mounting holes 212a, 212a,... And the insertion holes 212b, 212b,. The space | interval is united with the magnitude | size of vegetables and is made into the maximum diameter of an onion in a present Example. Therefore, the weeding guide 20 can be exchanged according to the kind of vegetables and the size of the vegetables.

The mounting hole 212a is a circular hole having a size into which a bolt to be the connecting member 23 can be inserted, and a nut is welded and fixed to the front surface of the mounting hole 212b so that the bolt to be the connecting member 23 can be screwed.
The insertion hole 212b is a long hole that is long in the front-rear direction and extends to the lower end of the vertical surface. The left and right width of the insertion hole 212b is slightly larger than the diameter of the guide bar 22 so that the guide bar 22 can swing left and right. That is, the maximum horizontal width of the guide bar 22 is set so as not to be entangled with the adjacent guide bar 22 when it swings left and right. The length of the insertion hole 212b is such that the onion can drop without being caught between the guide rod 22 and the conveyor 270 when the guide bar 22 swings backward.

  The guide bar 22 includes a connecting portion 221 and a weeding portion 222. The connecting portion 221 has a hole through which a bolt can be inserted in the center of the disc in the front-rear direction so that the guide rod 22 can swing left and right on the bolt serving as the connecting member 23 and can slide back and forth. Yes. However, the shape of the connecting portion 221 is not limited to a circular plate, and it may be formed by bending a bar material into a circle.

The weeding portion 222 is formed by bending a bar in a substantially semicircular shape (horizontal U shape) when viewed from the side, one end is extended upward, the connecting portion 221 is integrally provided at the end, and the other end is conveyed. It extends from the rear end of the conveyor 270 to the upper front of the shooter 9 guided to the container 55, and the front lower side is released as a whole. The curvature radius of the weeding portion 222 is configured to be larger than the curvature radius of the rear outer periphery of the conveyor 270 (the radius of the drive sprocket 271).
The connecting member 23 is a member that connects the guide rod 22 to the guide plate 21 so as to be able to swing left and right and to be slidable back and forth, and is constituted by a bolt in this embodiment. However, it can also be configured with pins, rods, or the like.

  In this way, with the weeding portion 222 of the guide rod 22 inserted into the insertion hole 212b of the guide plate 21 and the connecting member 23 inserted into the connecting portion 221 of the guide rod 22, the connecting member 23 is the mounting hole of the guide plate 21. The weeding guide 20 is configured by being inserted and fixed in 212a. In this state, the guide rod 22 is swingable back and forth and left and right with the connecting member 23 as a fulcrum.

  The guide plate 21 of the weeding guide 20 is detachably fixed to the upper surfaces of the rear portions of the left and right transport drive cases 171 so as to straddle the rear upper portion of the conveyor 270. At this time, as shown in FIG. 3, the guide rod 22 has a predetermined interval (about the outer diameter of the onion) between the upper side of the rear portion of the conveyor 270 in a side view and the interval gradually decreases as it goes downward. The lower inner periphery of the guide bar 22 is brought into contact with the lower rear part of the conveyor 270.

  At the time of the harvesting operation, the onion is scraped into the front part of the conveyor 270 by the vegetable scraping unit 16 as the vegetable harvesting machine 1 moves forward, and the onion that has run on the conveyor 270 is conveyed upward and backward. At this time, weeds and contaminants on the fence are also scraped and conveyed upward and backward. The onions which are not deformable or rotten by the sorting operator in the middle of the conveyance are removed, and weeds and impurities are removed by the weeding guide 20 at the rear end of the conveyor 270.

  In other words, the weeds and other contaminants conveyed to the rear end of the conveyor 270 are entangled with the guide rod 22 of the weeding guide 20, move downward together with the onion, and move forward and downward (reverse) of the conveying member 276 of the conveyor 270. As a result of the movement, weeds and contaminants are released from the front and lower ends of the guide rods 22 and fall to the field scene. The onion falls from between the guide rod 22 and the guide rod 22. At this time, when the size of the onion is larger than the left-right distance between the guide rod 22 and the guide rod 22, or when the onion is transported as a lump, the guide rod 22 swings up and down and left and right. The distance between the guide bar 22 increases or the distance between the guide bar 22 and the conveyor 270 increases, and only the onion falls into the container 55 below.

  As mentioned above, in the vegetable harvester 1 of this embodiment, the traveling part 14, the vegetable conveyance part 17 arrange | positioned at the upper part of the said traveling part 14, and the vegetable conveyed from the said vegetable conveyance part 17 are accommodated. A vegetable harvesting machine 1 that harvests vegetables while driving the traveling unit 14 to advance the machine body, and is provided with a weeding guide 20 at the rear end of the vegetable transport unit 17. The weeding guide 20 is bent in a semicircular shape so as to cover the outer periphery of the rear portion of the conveyor 270, and a plurality of guide bars 22 arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals on the left and right sides, and a guide plate for supporting the guide bars 22 21 can remove weeds and contaminants at the same time as transporting vegetables, and the sorting operator can concentrate on vegetable sorting without removing weeds and contaminants, thus reducing the burden of sorting work and improving work efficiency. For It can be. Moreover, since it arrange | positions at the rear part of the vegetable conveyance part 17, it does not become a hindrance of the selection operation | work and the accommodation operation | work to the container 55. FIG. Further, since it can be easily configured with a small number of parts, it can be configured at low cost.

  The guide plate 21 is fixed to the vegetable transport unit 17 across the rear upper part of the transport conveyor 270 in the left-right direction, and one end of the plurality of guide bars 22 is supported to be swingable back and forth with respect to the guide plate 21. Therefore, the vegetables can be conveyed to the vegetable storage unit 18 without being obstructed by the guide bar 22. That is, even if an onion larger than the width of the left and right guide rods or the interval between the guide rods and the conveyor is conveyed, the guide rods 22 swing back and forth and right and left when passing, and the guide rods widen. The onion can be accommodated in the container 55 without escaping and falling and clogging.

  Since the other end of the guide bar 22 extends from the end of the conveyor 270 to the front of the shooter 9 that guides the container 55, weeds and other contaminants entangled with the guide bar 22 are caused by the onion transportation and its own weight. It moves to the front of the shooter 9 arranged below the conveyor 270, is released from the tip of the guide rod 22 and falls to the field scene, and no power is required to transport weeds and other contaminants. It does not fall into the container 55.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vegetable harvesting machine 14 Traveling part 17 Vegetable conveyance part 18 Vegetable accommodating part 20 Weeding guide 21 Guide board 22 Guide bar 55 Container 270 Conveyor

Claims (3)

  A travel unit; a vegetable transport unit disposed at an upper portion of the travel unit; and a vegetable storage unit that stores vegetables transported from the vegetable transport unit, and drives the travel unit to advance the airframe. A vegetable harvesting machine for harvesting vegetables, wherein a weeding guide is provided at the rear end of the vegetable conveying unit, the weeding guide is folded in a semicircular shape so as to cover the outer periphery of the rear of the conveying conveyor, and at a predetermined interval on the left and right A vegetable harvesting machine comprising: a plurality of guide bars that are open and arranged in parallel; and a guide plate that supports the guide bars.   The guide plate is attached to the vegetable transport unit across the rear upper part of the transport conveyor in the left-right direction, and one end of the plurality of guide bars is supported to be swingable back and forth and left and right with respect to the guide plate. The vegetable harvester according to claim 1.   The vegetable harvesting machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the other end of the guide bar is extended forward and upward from a shooter that guides the container from the end of the conveyor.

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