JP2013180239A - Biomass mill - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biomass mill whose crushing capacity can be improved by promoting discharge of wooden biomass to the outside of a mill.SOLUTION: A biomass mill includes: a housing 3 forming a classifying chamber 17; a crushing table 5 housed at the lower part of the housing 3 and driven by a table driving device 7; a crushing groove 10 provided to the upper face of the crushing table 5; a plurality of pressurizing roller units 11 having pressurizing rollers 12 pressed to the crushing groove 10; classifying throttles 42, 43 provided to a housing inner wall surface and protruded toward a center side; a blow-out port 19 blowing out primary air from the periphery of the crushing table 5; a chute 22 supplying wooden biomass to the center of the crushing table 5; a rotary pipe 23 rotatably provided to the chute 22; an accelerating means 31 disposed above the classifying throttles 42, 43 and provided to the rotary pipe 23; and an accelerating means driving device rotating the accelerating means 31 via the rotary pipe 23, and the primary air is discharged from the housing 3.

Description

  The present invention relates to a biomass mill for pulverizing wood-based biomass as boiler fuel, and more particularly to a biomass mill for pulverizing wood pellets.

Currently, coal is mainly used as solid fuel for boilers, but as a measure for reducing CO _{2, the use} of woody biomass with a low environmental load as a fuel is being studied.

  In order to use woody biomass as fuel for a boiler, it is necessary to grind woody biomass such as wood chips and wood pellets so that burner combustion is possible.

  When mixing woody biomass with coal to make fuel, it is possible to mix and pulverize with existing coal mills if the amount of woody biomass is small, but when the amount of woody biomass used increases, However, it is necessary to grind with woody biomass alone.

  In addition, a pulverizing apparatus based on a coal roller mill for pulverizing coal as an apparatus for pulverizing woody biomass can be realized at a low cost without major improvements and major equipment changes.

  When coal is pulverized using a coal roller mill, lump coal is dropped from the coal supply device to the center of the pulverization table, the pulverization table is rotated by a table driving device, and the pulverization table rotates in the outer circumferential direction. The moved coal is pulverized by being caught in a pressure roller provided rotatably.

  The pulverized coal particles are further moved in the outer circumferential direction by the rotation of the pulverization table, blown upward by the primary air ejected at a high speed from the outlet, and fed to the burner from the pulverized coal pipe. .

  In the case of a conventional coal roller mill, the primary air outlet is provided around the grinding table so as to be inclined in the circumferential direction, and the primary air is jetted out from the circumference of the grinding table. The coal particles blown up to the primary air rise while swirling the classification chamber.

  However, when wood-based biomass is pulverized alone, the wood-based biomass is lightweight and entangled with each other with fibers, so that the movement by the rotational centrifugal force of the pulverization table is not smoothly performed compared to coal.

  Furthermore, the woody biomass blown up to the primary air rises while swirling in the classification chamber, so the flow path becomes longer, making it difficult for the woody biomass to be discharged out of the mill and staying in the mill. As a result, the blast power increases and the power of the table driving device increases. Due to the increase of the mill differential pressure, the blast power, and the power increase of the table driving device, the pulverization capacity of woody biomass is limited to about 10% of the pulverization capacity of coal.

  As mentioned above, when woody biomass is supplied to a vertical mill or a mill with an equivalent structure and pulverized, the woody biomass behaves differently from coal, and sufficient pulverization efficiency and pulverization capacity are obtained. There was a problem that it was not possible.

  In Patent Document 1, the wood fuel is caused to flow from the supply pipe arranged at the center to the center of the pulverizing table, pulverized by the pulverizing roller, and the pulverized powder is blown out from the periphery of the table. A vertical roller mill that discharges from above is disclosed.

JP-A-2005-113125

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention provides a biomass mill that promotes the discharge of woody biomass to the outside of the mill to increase the crushing capacity.

  The present invention includes a housing forming a classification chamber, a pulverizing table housed in a lower portion of the housing and driven by a table driving device, a pulverizing groove having an arc-shaped cross section provided on an upper surface of the pulverizing table, and the pulverizing A plurality of pressure roller units each having a pressure roller pressed against the groove; a classification throttle provided on the inner wall surface of the housing and projecting toward the center; and a blow-out port for ejecting primary air from the periphery of the pulverization table; A chute that supplies woody biomass to the center of the crushing table, a rotary tube that is rotatably provided on the chute, a speed increasing means that is disposed above the classification throttle and is provided on the rotary tube, A speed increasing means driving device that rotates the speed increasing means via a rotary tube, and a contraction flow path is formed between the classification throttle and the chute, and before the rise of the contraction flow path The primary air is accelerated by the speed increasing unit, in which according to the biomass mill configured as to be discharged from the housing.

  According to the present invention, a first classification aperture is provided between the pressure roller units, a second classification aperture is provided above the pressure roller unit, and the first classification aperture and the second classification aperture are respectively upper surfaces. A first inverted conical curved surface and a second inverted conical curved surface are formed, and first cylindrical curved surfaces and second cylindrical curved surfaces are formed at inner ends of the first classifying aperture and the second classifying aperture, respectively. The present invention relates to a biomass mill in which an inverted conical curved surface that is continuous over the entire circumference is formed by the conical curved surface and the second inverted curved surface, and a cylindrical curved surface that is continuous over the entire circumference is formed by the first cylindrical curved surface and the second cylindrical curved surface.

  According to the present invention, the speed increasing means is a fan having a plurality of rotating blades arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and extending in the vertical direction, and air suction opening toward the contracted flow path on the lower surface. The present invention relates to a biomass mill that has a mouth, sucks the primary air from the air suction port, and discharges air from the outer periphery of the rotor blade by rotation of the rotor blade.

  According to the present invention, the speed increasing means is a fan having a plurality of rotating blades arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction and extending in the horizontal direction. The present invention relates to a biomass mill that has a suction port, sucks the primary air from the air suction port by the rotation of the rotor blades, and discharges the air above the rotor blades.

  The present invention also relates to a biomass mill in which a reduced flow tube is provided at the lower portion of the chute.

  According to the present invention, a housing forming a classification chamber, a grinding table housed in a lower part of the housing and driven by a table driving device, a grinding groove having an arcuate cross section provided on an upper surface of the grinding table, A plurality of pressure roller units each having a pressure roller pressed against the crushing groove; a classifying throttle provided on the inner wall surface of the housing and projecting toward the center; and a blowout port for ejecting primary air from the periphery of the crushing table A chute for supplying woody biomass to the center of the crushing table, a rotating tube rotatably provided on the chute, and a speed increasing means disposed above the classification throttle and provided on the rotating tube; A speed increasing means driving device for rotating the speed increasing means via the rotary tube, and a contracted flow path is formed between the classification throttle and the chute, and the reduced flow path is raised Further, the primary air is accelerated by the speed increasing means and discharged from the housing, so that it is possible to promote the discharge of the woody biomass to the outside of the mill and to increase the crushing capacity. Demonstrate the effect.

It is a schematic sectional drawing of the biomass mill which concerns on the 1st Example of this invention. The fan used for the biomass mill of a 1st Example is shown, (A) is a side view, (B) is an AA arrow directional view. It is a schematic sectional drawing of the biomass mill which concerns on a 2nd Example. The fan used for the biomass mill of a 2nd Example is shown, (A) is a top view, (B) is the side view which removed the outer ring | wheel.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  First, referring to FIG. 1, a vertical mill 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.

  A cylindrical housing 3 is erected on a base 2 having a hollow structure or a leg structure, and a sealed space is formed by the housing 3. A crushing table 5 is provided in the lower part of the space via a speed reducer 4, and the crushing table 5 is driven and rotated by a table drive motor 6 via the speed reducer 4. The crushing table 5 is rotated at a constant speed or a variable speed by the table driving motor 6, and the speed reducer 4 and the table driving motor 6 constitute a table driving device 7.

  A table segment 9 having a concave groove 8 having a circular arc cross section is provided on the upper surface of the pulverizing table 5, and the table segment 9 is continuously provided in a ring shape. A ring-shaped crushing groove 10 centering on the center is formed.

  A required number of, for example, three sets of pressure roller units 11 are provided radially from the rotation center of the crushing table 5 at intervals of 120 °. The pressure roller unit 11 has a pressure roller 12 and is tiltable about a pivot shaft 13. In addition, three sets of roller pressing devices 14 are provided below the housing 3 so as to penetrate the housing 3 radially. The roller pressure device 14 includes an actuator, for example, a hydraulic cylinder 15, and presses the pressure roller 12 against the concave groove 8 by the hydraulic cylinder 15.

  A primary air chamber 16 is formed below the grinding table 5, and a classification chamber 17 is located above the grinding table 5 inside the housing 3.

  A primary air supply port 18 is attached to the lower portion of the housing 3, and the primary air supply port 18 is connected to a blower (not shown) and communicates with the primary air chamber 16. Around the crushing table 5, primary air outlets 19 are provided on the entire circumference so that the primary air blows up along the inner wall of the housing 3. The outlet 19 is vertical or substantially vertical, or is inclined in the range of 0 ° to 5 ° with respect to the center direction of the pulverizing table 5 and -5 ° to 0 ° with respect to the rotational direction of the pulverizing table 5. You may form so that it may do.

  A fuel supply / discharge portion 21 is provided on the upper side of the housing 3, and a pipe-like chute 22 is provided so as to penetrate the center portion of the fuel supply / discharge portion 21. The chute 22 extends into the housing 3 and has a lower end located above the center of the crushing table 5. The chute 22 is supplied with woody biomass, for example, wood pellets, and the supplied wood pellets fall to the center of the crushing table 5.

  A rotating tube 23 is fitted on the chute 22, and the rotating tube 23 is rotatably supported by a rotating tube support 24 via a bearing 20. The rotary tube 23 is shorter than the chute 22 and has a length that exposes a required lower length (substantially lower half in the drawing) of the chute 22.

  A pulley 25 is provided at the upper end of the rotary tube 23, and a belt 27 is wound between the pulley 25 and the pulley 26. The pulley 26 is fitted to the output shaft of a speed reducer 28, and a speed increasing motor 29 is connected to the speed reducer 28. Thus, the rotary tube 23 is rotated by the speed increasing motor 29 through the speed reducer 28, the pulley 26, the belt 27, and the pulley 25. The speed increasing motor 29, the speed reducer 28, the belt 27, the pulley 26, the pulley 25 and the like constitute a speed increasing means driving device.

  A fan 31 as a speed increasing means is provided at the lower end of the rotating tube 23, and the fan 31 rotates integrally with the rotating tube 23.

  The configuration of the fan 31 will be described with reference to FIG.

  A disc 32 is fixed to the rotary tube 23 in a horizontal posture, and strip-like rotary vanes 33 are suspended from the outer periphery of the disc 32 at a predetermined pitch in the circumferential direction. A connecting ring 34 is fixed to the lower end of the rotating blade 33, and the lower ends of all the rotating blades 33 are connected by the connecting ring 34. The plane of the rotary blade 33 is perpendicular to or inclined with respect to the rotation direction, and the fluid is discharged outward by the rotation of the rotary blade 33. FIG. 2 shows a case where the plane of the rotary blade 33 is inclined.

  A central cylinder 35 is provided at the lower end of the rotary tube support 24 so as to face the rotary blade 33. A plurality of reinforcing arms (not shown) may be radially extended from the central cylinder 35, the outer ends of the reinforcing arms may be fixed to the connecting ring 34, and the connecting ring 34 may be supported and reinforced by the reinforcing arm. .

  Thus, the sirocco fan (multiblade fan) type fan 31 is constituted by the disk 32, the rotary blade 33, the connecting ring 34, and the like. In the fan 31, a space formed by the outer periphery of the lower end of the central cylinder 35 and the inner periphery of the connecting ring 34 serves as an air suction port 36, and air is discharged from the outer periphery of the rotary blade 33.

  A portion of the rotating tube support 24 that extends into the classification chamber 17 is covered with a cylindrical upper body 37. The outer diameter of the upper cylinder 37 is equal to (or equal to or substantially equal to, the same applies hereinafter) to the outer diameter of the disk 32, and a flow guide path is provided between the upper cylinder 37 and the housing 3. 38 is formed.

  The top plate 3a of the housing 3 is provided with a pulverized material feed pipe 39 for feeding crushed wood pellets. The pulverized material feed pipe 39 communicates with the flow guide path 38 and is connected to a boiler burner ( (Not shown).

  A portion of the chute 22 that protrudes from the rotary tube 23 is provided with a contraction tube 41. The outer diameter of the contracted cylinder 41 is equal to the outer diameter of the central cylinder 35, and the upper end is substantially connected to the central cylinder 35. The lower end portion of the contracted flow cylinder 41 has a tapered diameter, and the lower end is coupled to the lower end of the chute 22.

  The inner wall of the housing 3 is provided with a first classifying throttle 42 and a second classifying throttle 43 that project toward the contracted flow cylinder 41. The first classifying aperture 42 is provided between the adjacent pressure roller units 11, 11, and the second classifying aperture 43 is provided above the pressure roller unit 11.

  The upper end of the first classifying aperture 42 is expanded upward to form an inverted conical curved surface 44a, and the lower end is expanded downward to form a conical curved surface 45a. The protruding end of the first classifying throttle 42 is a cylindrical curved surface 46 a concentric with the chute 22, and a contracted flow path 47 a is formed between the cylindrical curved surface 46 a and the outer peripheral surface of the contracted flow tube 41. Is done.

  The conical curved surface 45 a faces the outlet 19. The radius of the cylindrical curved surface 46 a is at least smaller than the radius of the outer periphery of the grinding groove 10, and preferably smaller than the radius of the center circle of the grinding groove 10.

  The upper end portion of the second classifying aperture 43 is expanded upward to form an inverted conical curved surface 44b, and the lower end portion is expanded downward to form a conical curved surface 45b. The protruding end of the second classifying throttle 43 is a cylindrical curved surface 46 b concentric with the chute 22, and a contracted flow path 47 b is formed between the cylindrical curved surface 46 b and the outer peripheral surface of the contracted flow tube 41. Is done. The radius of the cylindrical curved surface 46b is at least smaller than the radius of the outer periphery of the grinding groove 10, and preferably smaller than the radius of the central circle of the grinding groove 10.

  Further, the inverted conical curved surface 44b has the same radius of curvature as the inverted conical curved surface 44a, and the inverted conical curved surface 44a and the inverted conical curved surface 44b continuously form an inverted conical curved surface 44 in the circumferential direction. The cylindrical curved surface 46b has the same radius of curvature as the cylindrical curved surface 46a, and the cylindrical curved surface 46a and the cylindrical curved surface 46b continuously form a cylindrical curved surface 46 in the circumferential direction. The contracted flow path 47a and the contracted flow path 47b form a cylindrical contracted flow path 47.

  The inner diameter of the cylindrical curved surface 46 is equal to the inner diameter of the connecting ring 34, and the connecting ring 34 is disposed so as to be as close as possible to the inverted conical curved surface 44.

  Next, the pulverization of wood pellets in the vertical mill 1 will be described. The wood pellet is an object in which wood flour such as sawdust is pressed to a diameter of 6 mm to 10 mm and a length L of 20 mm to 30 mm.

  In the figure, the solid line indicates the flow of primary air, and the dotted line indicates the flow of wood pellets or pulverized material.

  The crushing table 5 is rotated by the table driving motor 6 via the speed reducer 4. The fan 31 is rotated via the speed reducer 28, the pulley 26, the belt 27, the pulley 25, and the chute 22.

  Wood pellets are introduced from the chute 22 with primary air at around 200 ° C. being introduced into the primary air chamber 16 from the primary air supply port 18. The wood pellets flow from the lower end of the chute 22 to the center of the crushing table 5 and are supplied onto the crushing table 5.

  The wood pellets on the crushing table 5 are moved in the outer peripheral direction by the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the crushing table 5, and are pulverized by being caught by the pressure roller 12. The pulverized powder further moves to the outer periphery by centrifugal force.

  The primary air introduced into the primary air chamber 16 from the primary air supply port 18 is blown up vertically or substantially vertically from the blowout port 19 formed vertically or substantially vertically around the pulverization table 5. It is done. The powder that has passed over the table segment 9 due to the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the pulverizing table 5 rides on the primary air blown up from the blow-out port 19 and is vertically or along the inner wall surface of the housing 3 as a powder flow. Rise almost vertically.

  The powder flow rising on the inner wall surface of the housing 3 reaches the lower surface of the conical curved surface 45a, and the powder flow collides with the conical curved surface 45a. Since gravity and inertia force act on the powder in the powder flow, coarse powder and unground wood pellets are separated from the powder flow by its own weight and inertia force due to collision and deflection, and the first classification. The powder is classified by the diaphragm 42. Note that the second classification throttle 43 also exhibits the same classification action because the powder flow collides and is deflected.

  The classified coarse powder falls on the pulverizing table 5, and the fine powder having a small particle diameter rises as a powder flow together with the primary air.

  The flow path of the powder flow is reduced by the first classification restriction 42 and the second classification restriction 43 to become the reduced flow path 47. The powder flow is increased in the process of contraction, rises in the contraction flow path 47, and flows into the fan 31 from the air inlet 36.

  The flowing powder flow is further accelerated by the fan 31 and discharged from the outer periphery of the fan 31 to the flow guide path 38. In the acceleration process, the powder having a large diameter collides with the rotary blade 33 and is pulverized into a finer powder. The powder flow flows out from the flow path 38 to the pulverized material feed pipe 39 and is fed to a burner (not shown).

  Further, since the first classification throttle 42 and the second classification throttle 43 reduce the flow rate, the powder flow passing through the reduced flow passage 47 is accelerated, and the fan 31 further increases the powder flow rate. The time until the powder reaches the pulverized material feeding pipe 39 is shortened, the time during which the powder stays in the vertical mill 1 is shortened, and the powder is positively moved out of the vertical mill 1. Can be discharged, and the pulverization capacity can be increased.

  The second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 3, the same components as those in FIG. 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  The second embodiment shows a case where different fans 51 are used as speed increasing means.

  The fan 51 will be described.

  A required number (eight in the figure) of strip-shaped rotary blades 53 extend radially and horizontally from a disk-shaped rotary drum 52 fixed to the rotary tube 23, and the tip of the rotary blade 53 is an outer ring 54. It is fixed to. The plane of the rotary blade 53 is inclined with respect to the rotation direction, and the rotary blade 53 rotates to push up the fluid upward. A ring-shaped space is formed between the rotary drum 52 and the outer ring 54, and the lower surface of the space is an air inlet.

  Thus, the rotary drum 52, the rotary blade 53, and the outer ring 54 constitute a fan 51 as speed increasing means, and the fan 51 is a speed reducer 28, a pulley 26, a belt 27, a pulley 25, and the rotary tube 23. Is rotated by the speed increasing motor 29.

  The upper cylinder 37 covering the rotary tube support part 24 has an inverted truncated cone shape, and the lower surface has the same diameter as the rotary cylinder 52, and the lower surface of the upper cylinder 37 is the upper surface of the rotary cylinder 52. It is in a close position within a range that does not hinder rotation. A flow path 38 is formed by the upper body 37 and the inner wall surface of the housing 3.

  The rotating drum 52 is provided at the lower end of the rotating tube 23, and an inverted conical deflecting member 55 is provided at a portion of the chute 22 that extends downward from the rotating tube 23. The inverted conical curved surface of the deflection member 55 is parallel to the inverted conical curved surface 44a and the inverted conical curved surface 44b. The upper surface of the deflecting member 55 is close to the lower surface of the rotating drum 52 within a range that does not hinder rotation. The deflection member 55 may be omitted.

  A cylindrical space is formed between the chute 22 and the cylindrical curved surface 46a and the cylindrical curved surface 46b, and an inverted conical shape is formed between the deflection member 55, the inverted conical curved surface 44a, and the inverted conical curved surface 44b. A space is formed, and the contracted flow path 47 is formed by the cylindrical space and the inverted conical space.

  In order to exert the contraction effect in the inverted conical space, the shape of the deflecting member 55 and the inverted conical curved surfaces 44a and 44b is such that the cross section of the inverted conical space decreases upward. May be set.

  In order to exhibit the effect of contraction in the cylindrical space, a contraction cylinder 41 may be provided in the lower half of the chute 22 as in the first embodiment.

  The operation of the second embodiment will be outlined.

  The powder flow compressed by the first classifying throttle 42 and the second classifying throttle 43 ascends in the cylindrical space of the contracted flow channel 47 and is further deflected by the inverted conical space, and the fan 51 And is accelerated by the rotation of the fan 51. The accelerated powder flow is discharged to the flow guide path 38, further flows into the pulverized product feed pipe 39 from the flow guide path 38, and is fed from the crushed product feed pipe 39 to a burner (not shown). The

  In the process in which the powder flow passes through the fan 51, the powder having a large diameter collides with the rotary blade 53 and is pulverized into a finer powder. Also in the second embodiment, the first classification throttle 42 and the second classification throttle 43 reduce the flow rate, and the powder flow passing through the reduced flow passage 47 is accelerated. Since the powder flow is accelerated, the time until the powder reaches the pulverized material feed pipe 39 is shortened, the time during which the powder stays in the vertical mill 1 is shortened, and the powder is It can be actively discharged out of the mold mill 1 and the pulverization capacity can be increased.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Vertical mill 3 Housing 5 Grinding table 7 Table drive device 8 Concave groove 9 Table segment 11 Pressure roller unit 12 Pressure roller 16 Primary air chamber 17 Classification chamber 19 Outlet 21 Fuel supply / exhaust part 22 Chute 23 Rotating tube 29 Speed-up motor 31 Fan 33 Rotor blade 36 Air suction port 37 Upper trunk 38 Flow path 39 Crushed material supply pipe 42 First classification throttle 43 Second classification throttle 44 Inverted conical curved surface 46 Cylindrical curved surface 47 Condensed flow channel 51 Fan 53 Rotor blade

Claims (5)

  A housing forming a classification chamber, a grinding table housed in a lower part of the housing and driven by a table driving device, a grinding groove having an arc-shaped cross section provided on an upper surface of the grinding table, and pressed by the grinding groove A plurality of pressure roller units having pressure rollers, a classification throttle provided on the inner wall surface of the housing and projecting toward the center, a blow-off port for ejecting primary air from the periphery of the pulverization table, A chute that supplies woody biomass to the center, a rotary tube that is rotatably provided on the chute, a speed increasing means that is disposed above the classification throttle and is provided on the rotary tube, and through the rotary tube The primary air having a speed increasing means driving device for rotating the speed increasing means, wherein a contracted flow path is formed between the classification throttle and the chute, and the reduced flow path is raised. It is accelerated by the speed increasing unit, biomass mill, characterized by being configured as to be discharged from the housing.   A first classification aperture is provided between the pressure roller units, a second classification aperture is provided above the pressure roller unit, and each of the first classification aperture and the second classification aperture is a first inverted cone on the upper surface. A curved surface and a second inverted conical curved surface are formed, and a first cylindrical curved surface and a second cylindrical curved surface are formed at inner ends of the first classifying aperture and the second classifying aperture, respectively. The biomass mill according to claim 1, wherein an inverted conical curved surface that is continuous over the entire circumference is formed by an inverted conical curved surface, and a cylindrical curved surface that is continuous over the entire circumference is formed by the first cylindrical curved surface and the second cylindrical curved surface.   The speed increasing means is a fan having a plurality of rotor blades arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction and extending in the vertical direction, and has an air inlet opening on the lower surface toward the contracted flow path, The biomass mill according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the primary air is sucked from the air suction port and the air is discharged from an outer periphery of the rotary blade by rotation of the rotary blade.   The speed increasing means is a fan having a plurality of rotating blades arranged at equal angular intervals in the circumferential direction and extending in the horizontal direction, and has an air suction port that opens toward the contracted flow path on the lower surface. The biomass mill according to claim 1, wherein the primary air is sucked from the air suction port and the air is discharged above the rotor blades by rotation of the rotor blades.   The biomass mill according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a reduced flow tube is provided at a lower portion of the chute.

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