JP2013156021A - Complex load application device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To maintain load accuracy of torsional load high to reduce labor during testing, and to reduce costs in a complex load application device for applying a bending load and a torsional load.SOLUTION: A complex load application device is provided with a bending load application device comprising a hydraulic jack 20 and a torsional load application device 18. The torsional load application device 18 comprises: a lever 24 fixed to an end surface of a test piece T; a wire 26 both ends of which are respectively connected to both ends of the lever 24; a hydraulic jack 30 where a fixed plate 34 is attached to an operating rod 32; moving pulleys 36, 38 which are fixed to the fixed plate 34 and around which the wire 26 is wound; and a fixed pulley 40 supported by a support base 42. By moving the fixed plate 34 away from the lever 24, a rotational force in the same direction is given to both ends of the lever 24, and a torsional load is applied to the test piece T.

Description

  The present invention relates to a composite load device capable of applying a bending load and a torsion load to a specimen.

  In general, not only a load in one direction but also a complicated load is applied to a structure from a plurality of directions. Therefore, when performing a static strength test of a structure, a composite load device that loads a plurality of types of loads is used. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a compound load device that applies a compressive test load in the axial direction of a test piece and a torsion test load.

  In addition to the compound load device, a compound load device that loads other types of loads such as bending load and torsion load is also required. The inventors of the present invention have attempted to develop a compound load device capable of simultaneously applying a bending load and a torsion load. FIG. 5 shows the configuration of the composite load device which the inventors considered before reaching the present invention. In FIG. 5, the composite load loading device 100 is provided with a fixing jig 104 for positioning and fixing the specimen T standing on the upper surface of the stationary base plate 102. One end of the specimen T is held and fixed by the chuck 106 provided on the fixing jig 104.

  A motor 108 (for example, a torque motor) that applies a torsional load to the specimen T is installed on the support base 110 in the other end side region of the specimen. The other end of the specimen T and the output shaft 108a of the motor 108 are detachably coupled by a coupling 112. Above the specimen T, an actuator 114 that applies a bending load to the specimen T is provided. The operating rod 116 of the actuator 114 advances and retreats with respect to the specimen T, and presses the specimen T in a direction perpendicular to the axis to apply a bending load. Further, the motor 108 is operated to apply a torsional load (torque) to the specimen T.

  The motor 108 and the actuator 114 are provided with controllers 118 and 120 for controlling their operations, respectively. The motor 108 is an electric drive, whereas the actuator 114 is a mechanical drive, and each has a different drive principle. Therefore, a controller for controlling the drive of both is provided separately.

Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-18441

  When a bending load is applied to the specimen T by the actuator 114 when the composite load loading apparatus 100 is deformed greatly, the output shaft 108a of the motor 108 is displaced from the axis, and the load accuracy of the torsional load is reduced. There is a first problem. In addition, since the rated torsional load depends on the rated output of the motor 108, when the load condition is changed, the motor 108 needs to be replaced, and there is a second problem that it takes time to perform the strength test.

  Further, since the driving principle is different between the motor 108 and the actuator 114, it is difficult to control both by the same control device. Therefore, there is a third problem that separate control devices are required, resulting in high costs and difficulty in controlling the two in synchronization.

  The compound load application device disclosed in Patent Document 1 applies a torsional load and a compressive load to a test piece, and does not apply a bending load, so that the load accuracy of the torsional load is reduced. Problem 1 does not occur. For this reason, Patent Document 1 does not disclose means for solving the first problem. Further, the compound load load device disclosed in Patent Document 1 applies a torsional load with a torque motor and a compressive load with a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder, so the second problem and the third problem are present. Still exists.

  In view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention solves the above first to third problems, maintains a high load accuracy of torsional load, and can reduce the labor during the test, and is a low-cost composite. It aims at realizing a load loading device.

  In order to achieve this object, the composite load device of the present invention applies bending load and torsion load. That is, a fixing jig that fixes one end of the specimen and holds the specimen in the test position, a bending load loading device that applies a bending load to the specimen in a direction crossing the axial direction of the specimen, and a specimen The other end of the specimen is provided with a torsional load device that applies a torsional load around the axis of the specimen.

  The torsional load loading device includes a lever arranged and fixed at the other end of the specimen in a direction crossing the axis of the specimen, an operating part of an actuator arranged to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the lever, and attached to the operating part. And both ends of the lever are connected to both ends of the lever, and the intermediate portion is wound around the pulley, and the lever is configured to apply a rotational force to the lever through movement of the operating portion. . By applying a rotational force to the lever, a torsional load can be applied to the specimen. As the actuator, a mechanical drive device driven by hydraulic pressure or pneumatic pressure can be used, and a motor need not be used. Therefore, the first problem that the output shaft of the motor deviates from the axis due to the bending load does not occur, so the load accuracy of the torsional load does not decrease.

  Further, the magnitude of the torsional load applied to the specimen is determined by the product of the length of the lever (the length from the rotation center to the end of the lever) and the force applied to the lever from the wire. Therefore, in the present invention, the magnitude of the torsional load can be adjusted over a wide range by adjusting the length of the lever. Accordingly, it is not necessary to replace the actuator each time the magnitude of the torsional load is changed, so that the labor required for the replacement can be reduced. Furthermore, since both the bending load load device and the torsion load load device can be mechanically driven, it is easy to control both with a single control device, and the synchronous control of both is facilitated. Cost can be reduced.

  In the present invention, a fixed pulley is provided opposite to an actuator operating portion with a lever interposed therebetween, and a wire connected to one end of the lever is wound around the fixed pulley, and the rotational force in the same direction is applied to both ends of the lever. Should be loaded. Thereby, a torsional load can be effectively applied to the specimen with a simple configuration.

  In the present invention, two torsional load loading devices may be disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the lever with the lever interposed therebetween. Accordingly, the torsional load in both the forward and reverse directions can be applied to the specimen by these torsional load loading devices.

  In this invention, it is good to further provide the axial load load apparatus provided with the actuator couple | bonded with a lever and applies a tensile load or a compressive load to a test body through this lever. Accordingly, in addition to the bending load and the torsion load, a tensile load or a compressive load can be applied, and the application of the composite load device can be expanded.

  According to the present invention, since the torsional load loading device does not use a motor and is provided with a mechanical drive device, the load accuracy of torsional load does not deteriorate and the lever length is adjusted. Since the magnitude of the torsional load applied to the specimen can be adjusted over a wide range, it is not necessary to replace the driving device, and the labor for carrying out the test can be reduced. Further, since both the bending load load device and the torsion load load device can be mechanical drives, they can be controlled by one control device, and therefore, the bending load load device and the torsion load load device Synchronous control is possible and the cost of the control device can be reduced.

It is a front view of the compound load application device concerning a 1st embodiment of the present invention. It is a right view of the compound load application apparatus concerning a 1st embodiment. It is a right view of the compound load apparatus which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of the compound load application apparatus concerning a 3rd embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of a composite load device (not disclosed) that the present inventors considered before reaching the present invention.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the component parts described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention to that unless otherwise specified.

(Embodiment 1)
1st Embodiment of this invention is described based on FIG.1 and FIG.2. In FIG. 1, the composite load loading device 10 </ b> A is provided with a fixing jig 14 for positioning and fixing the specimen T on the upper surface of the stationary base 12. The specimen T has a cylindrical shape and the end surface forms a circular plane. One end of the specimen T is gripped and fixed by a chuck 16 provided on the stationary platen 12. On the other end side of the specimen T, a torsion load device 18 that applies a torsional load to the specimen T is provided on the stationary platen 12.

  Above the specimen T, a hydraulic jack 20 that applies a bending load to the specimen T is provided. The operating rod 22 of the hydraulic jack 20 reciprocates in the vertical direction. The operating rod 22 extends toward the specimen T, presses the specimen T in a direction perpendicular to the axis, and applies a bending load (torque).

  The configuration of the torsion load application device 18 will be described with reference to FIG. The bar-shaped lever 24 having a square cross section is detachably fixed to the end face of the specimen T so that the center point O coincides with the center point of the end face of the specimen T. The lever 24 has the same length from the center point O to both ends. One end of the wire 26 is coupled to one end of the lever 24, and the other end of the wire 26 is coupled to the other end of the lever 24. A support base 28 is provided at a position away from the lever 24 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen T. A hydraulic jack 30 is fixed to the upper surface of the support base 28. The operating rod 32 of the hydraulic jack 30 reciprocates in a direction that moves forward and backward with respect to the lever 24 (a direction perpendicular to the axis of the specimen T).

  A fixed plate 34 is attached to the tip of the operating rod 32 in the vertical direction. A bracket 35 that rotatably supports the movable pulley 36 is attached to the upper end portion of the front surface of the fixed plate 34, and a bracket 37 that rotatably supports the movable pulley 38 is attached to the lower end portion. A fixed pulley 40 is provided on the opposite side of the operating rod 32 with the lever 24 interposed therebetween. The fixed pulley 40 is attached to a support frame 42 fixed on the stationary base plate 12. The intermediate portion of the wire 26 is wound around the movable pulleys 36 and 38 and the fixed pulley 40. The control device 44 controls the operation of the hydraulic jacks 20 and 30.

  In such a configuration, the hydraulic jack 20 is operated by the control device 44, the operating rod 22 is protruded toward the specimen T, and a bending load is applied to the specimen T. At the same time, the hydraulic jack 30 is actuated by the control device 44 and the fixing plate 34 is moved away from the lever 24. As a result, both ends of the lever 24 are pulled in the direction of the arrow by the wire 26, and a rotational force that rotates the specimen T in the direction of arrow a is loaded, and a torsional load (torque) is loaded on the specimen T.

  According to the present embodiment, since the hydraulic jack 30 is used as a driving device of the torsional load loading device 18 and no motor is used, the output shaft of the motor deviates from the axis due to the bending load applied by the hydraulic jack 20. The problem does not occur. Therefore, the load accuracy of torsional load does not decrease.

Further, if the total length of the lever 24 is L and the force of the wire 26 applied to one end of the lever 24 is F, the magnitude of the rotational force N applied to one end of the lever 24 is N = F × L / 2. . Accordingly, the total rotational force N applied to both ends of the lever 24 is 2N = F × L. This 2N is applied to the specimen T as a torsional load (torsional torque). Therefore, by adjusting the length of the lever 24, the torsional load applied to the specimen T can be adjusted over a wide range. Therefore, since it is not necessary to replace the hydraulic jack 30 every time the torsional load applied to the specimen T is changed, it is possible to reduce the labor of performing the test.

  Furthermore, since the bending load and the torsional load are driven by the mechanically driven hydraulic jacks 20 and 30, it becomes easy to control both by the single control device 44. Therefore, the synchronous control of both is facilitated and the cost of the control device can be reduced. Further, with a simple configuration in which only the fixed pulley 40 is provided, a rotational force in the same direction can be applied to both ends of the lever 24, and the driving force of the hydraulic jack 30 can be transmitted to the lever 24 efficiently.

(Embodiment 2)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. The present embodiment is an example in which two torsional load loading devices 18A and 18B are arranged opposite to each other on the stationary platen 12 with the lever 24 interposed therebetween. The torsion load load device 18A and the torsion load load device 18B are provided in completely different systems. In FIG. 3, the constituent members of the torsional load load device 18 </ b> A are indicated by “a” after the number, and the constituent members of the torsional load load device 18 </ b> B are distinguished by adding “b” after the number. Further, the wire 26a of the torsion load application device 18A is indicated by a solid line, and the wire 26b of the torsion load application device 18B is indicated by a broken line.

  Arrows (solid lines) indicate the operation of the lever 24 by the operation of the constituent members of the torsion load application device 18A or the operation of the torsion load application device 18A. The arrow (broken line) indicates the operation of the component of the torsion load load device 18B or the operation of the lever 24 by the operation of the torsion load load device 18B. Both ends of the wire 26a and the wire 26b are connected to both ends of the lever 24, respectively. The operations of the hydraulic jacks 30 a and 30 b are both controlled by a single control device 44. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment.

  In this configuration, the control device 44 operates the torsional load loading device 18A and moves the operating rod 32a of the hydraulic jack 30a away from the lever 24, so that a rotational force in the direction of arrow a can be applied to the lever 24. On the other hand, the control device 44 operates the torsional load loading device 18B and moves the operating rod 32b of the hydraulic jack 30b away from the lever 24, so that the lever 24 can be loaded with a rotational force in the direction of arrow b. Thus, according to the present embodiment, a torsional load in both forward and reverse directions can be applied to the specimen T. Further, the control device 44 can synchronously control the hydraulic jack 20 and the torsional load loading devices 18A and 18B.

(Embodiment 3)
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 4, the composite load load device 10 </ b> B of this embodiment is provided with an axial load load device 50 in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment. Therefore, the configurations of the hydraulic jack 20 and the torsion load device 18 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The operating rod 54 of the hydraulic jack 52 constituting the axial load device 50 is provided on an extension line of the axis of the specimen T, and is configured to reciprocate in the axial direction of the specimen T. The lever 24 and the operating rod 54 are connected by a connecting bar 56, and a tensile load or a compressive load of the hydraulic jack 52 is applied to the specimen T via the connecting bar 56.

  The connecting bar 56 is pin-connected to the lever 24 and the actuating rod 54 at connection points 58 and 60. Therefore, the connecting bar 56 is rotatable at the connection points 58 and 60. Therefore, even when a bending load is applied to the specimen T by the hydraulic jack 52 and the axis of the specimen T is displaced from the axis before the bending load is applied, the axial load load device 50 allows the displacement in the axial direction. A load can be applied.

  According to this embodiment, three types of loads, that is, a bending load, a torsion load, and an axial load, can be applied to the specimen T. Therefore, the application of the composite load device 10B can be expanded. In addition, since the operation of the hydraulic jack 52 can be controlled by the control device 44, the hydraulic jacks 20, 30, and 52 can be synchronously controlled, and the cost of the control device can be reduced.

  According to the present invention, in a compound load device that applies bending load and torsion load, the load accuracy of torsion load can be maintained at a high level, and labor for performing the test can be reduced, and a low-cost compound load device can be provided. realizable.

10A, 10B, 100 Compound load loading device 12, 102 Fixed standing plate 14, 104 Fixing jig 16, 106 Chuck 18, 18A, 18B Torsion load loading device 20, 30, 30a, 30b, 52 Hydraulic jacks 22, 32, 23a, 32b, 54, 116 Actuating rod 24 Lever 26, 26a, 26b Wire 28, 28a, 28b, 110 Support base 34, 34a, 34b Fixing plate 35, 37 Bracket 36, 36a, 36b, 38, 38a, 38b Moving pulley 40, 40a, 40b Fixed pulley 42, 42a, 42b Support frame 44 Control device 50 Axial load loading device 56 Connection bar 58, 60 Connection point 108 Motor 108a Output shaft 112 Coupling 114 Actuator 118, 120 Controller T Specimen

Claims (4)

A fixing jig for fixing and positioning one end of the specimen,
A bending load device for applying a bending load to the specimen in a direction crossing the axial direction of the specimen;
A torsional load loading device for loading a torsional load around the axis of the specimen at the other end of the specimen;
The torsional load loading device includes a lever arranged and fixed at the other end of the specimen in a direction crossing the axis of the specimen, an operating part of an actuator arranged so as to be able to advance and retreat with respect to the lever, and the operating part. A pulley that is attached, and both ends of which are connected to both ends of the lever, and a middle portion of which is a wire wound around the pulley, and a rotational force is applied to the lever through the wire by movement of the operating portion. It is comprised so that it may carry out, The compound load load apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned.   A fixed pulley arranged opposite to the operating part across the lever; a wire connected to one end of the lever is wound around the fixed pulley, and rotational forces in the same direction are applied to both ends of the lever. The composite load load device according to claim 1, wherein the load device is configured to be loaded.   The two torsion load devices are arranged opposite to each other on both sides of the lever, and the torsion load in both forward and reverse directions can be applied to the specimen by the wires of each torsion load device connected to the lever. The combined load load device according to claim 1, wherein:   The composite load according to claim 1, further comprising an axial load load device including an actuator coupled to the lever and configured to apply a tensile load or a compressive load to the specimen through the lever. Load device.

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