JP2013138975A - Incineration ash treatment system - Google Patents
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- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 239000006148 magnetic separator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002906 medical waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010814 metallic waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 2-[2-[bis(carboxylatomethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetate;iron(3+) Chemical compound [Fe+3].OCCN(CC([O-])=O)CCN(CC([O-])=O)CC([O-])=O YPFNIPKMNMDDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002013 dioxins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004993 emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005194 fractionation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010893 paper waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003923 scrap metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010784 textile waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004056 waste incineration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010887 waste solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002916 wood waste Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、産業廃棄物を焼却処理した際に排出される焼却灰をセメント原料等としてリサイクルするために分別処理するシステムに関する。 The present invention relates to a system for separating and treating incineration ash discharged when industrial waste is incinerated as a cement raw material.
現在、廃油、廃溶剤、廃プラスチック、金属くず、医療廃棄物、建設廃材などの産業廃棄物は一般に焼却処理されている。焼却後に生成する焼却灰は従来埋立処分されていたが、近年では、資源・環境保護の観点から焼却灰に含まれる有価物を有効利用しようとする取り組みが進展している。具体的には焼却灰に含まれる鉄分を分別回収したり、或いは生石灰、アルミナ及びシリカをセメント原料に利用したりしている。焼却灰をセメント原料としてリサイクルすることに取り組んだ従来技術としては以下が例示される。 Currently, industrial waste such as waste oil, waste solvent, waste plastic, scrap metal, medical waste, construction waste, etc. is generally incinerated. Incineration ash generated after incineration has been disposed of in landfills in recent years, but in recent years, efforts to effectively use valuable materials contained in incineration ash have been advanced from the viewpoint of resource and environmental protection. Specifically, iron contained in incinerated ash is separated and recovered, or quicklime, alumina and silica are used as a cement raw material. The following are examples of conventional techniques that have worked on recycling incinerated ash as a raw material for cement.
特開２００６−１６７５１３号公報（特許文献１）には、焼却灰中に鉄塊のような硬い粗大物が混入することによる不都合を回避するために、クリンカ等の柔らかい粗大物のみを破砕し、クリンカ破砕機で破砕されない粗大物を処理システムから除去する手段を採用したことを特徴とする灰分回収システムが記載されており、このシステムでは圧縮破砕機、大型分級手段、大型異物排出手段、中小分級手段、回収手段及び磁気選別機等が採用されている。 In JP 2006-167513 A (Patent Document 1), in order to avoid inconvenience due to mixing of a hard coarse material such as an iron lump in the incineration ash, only a soft coarse material such as a clinker is crushed, An ash recovery system is described, which is characterized by adopting a means for removing coarse materials not crushed by the clinker crusher from the processing system. Means, recovery means, magnetic sorter and the like are employed.
特開２００１−１２９５１１号公報（特許文献２）には、焼却灰が未燃有機物を多く含むことによる問題点を指摘し、焼却灰中に含まれているメタンの発生源となる未燃有機物を除去し、ダイオキシン類の分解・安定化処理を行い、各種重金属物質の溶解度を抑えるために自然界に存在する硫化物に転換させて安定焼却灰とすることにより、焼却灰をセメント等の補助材として有効活用して、８００℃〜９００℃の温度で簡単にしかも効率よく焼却灰を処理するとともに、その有効利用を図ることのできる焼却灰の処理装置を提供することを目的とした発明が記載されている。この発明では焼却灰の受入供給設備、乾燥設備、粉砕設備、反応設備等を組み合わせて焼却灰の処理装置を構築している。 JP 2001-129511 A (Patent Document 2) points out the problems caused by the incineration ash containing a large amount of unburned organic matter, and the unburned organic matter that is the source of methane contained in the incineration ash. Removed, decomposed and stabilized dioxins, converted to sulfides that exist in nature to reduce the solubility of various heavy metal substances, and converted to stable incinerated ash to make incinerated ash as an auxiliary material for cement, etc. An invention for the purpose of providing a treatment apparatus for incineration ash that can be used effectively and can efficiently and efficiently treat incineration ash at a temperature of 800 ° C. to 900 ° C. is described. ing. In this invention, an incineration ash treatment apparatus is constructed by combining incineration ash receiving and supplying equipment, drying equipment, crushing equipment, reaction equipment, and the like.
特開２００１−２５３７３５号公報（特許文献３）には、篩を用いた粗大物除去プロセス、磁性物を除去する磁性物除去プロセス、ボールミルを用いた粉砕プロセス、乾燥プロセスを順に組み合わせた焼却残渣前処理プロセスを伴う、都市ごみ焼却残渣を主原料とした特殊セメントの製造方法が記載されている。 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-253735 (Patent Document 3) discloses an incineration residue in which a coarse substance removal process using a sieve, a magnetic substance removal process for removing a magnetic substance, a grinding process using a ball mill, and a drying process are combined in order. A method for producing a special cement using a municipal waste incineration residue as a main raw material with a treatment process is described.
特開２００９−５６３６２号公報（特許文献４）には、破砕及び磁選を行った後の焼却灰を、乾式ボールミルに投入して粉砕し、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ、Ａｌ2Ｏ3、ＳｉＯ2といったセメント原料として有用な軟質成分を微細に粉砕し、ミックスメタルとしてリサイクル可能なＦｅ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕといった硬質成分を一定程度にまで粉砕することにより、これらを上手く分別する方法が記載されている。 In JP 2009-56362 A (Patent Document 4), the incinerated ash after crushing and magnetic separation is put into a dry ball mill and pulverized, Fe 2 O 3 , CaO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2. A method is described in which a soft component useful as a cement raw material is finely pulverized, and hard components such as Fe, Cr, Ni, and Cu, which can be recycled as a mixed metal, are pulverized to a certain level, and these are well separated. Yes.
従来の焼却灰処理の手法においては、焼却灰に対して破砕や粉砕といった破壊現象を生じさせることにより焼却灰の粒度を小さくする処理を当然のように行っていたが、作業環境、作業効率、コスト等の観点からは、破砕処理等を行わずに済ますことができることが望ましい。また、Ｃｒはセメント原料中への混入が非常に忌避されるべき成分であり、焼却灰をセメント原料としてリサイクルする上では焼却灰中のＣｒの品位を下げることが重要となるが、Ｃｒ品位に分布をもつ焼却灰からＣｒ品位の低い焼却灰を選別する上では、破壊現象を伴う処理が最適な操作かどうかは疑問の余地が残る。そこで、本発明は破壊現象により焼却灰の粒度を小さくする処理を行うことなく、焼却灰中のＣｒ含有率を低減するための焼却灰の処理システム及び方法を提供することを課題とする。 In the conventional method of incineration ash treatment, the incineration ash is naturally treated to reduce the particle size of the incineration ash by causing destruction phenomena such as crushing and pulverization. From the viewpoint of cost and the like, it is desirable to be able to avoid crushing treatment. In addition, Cr is a component that should be repelled in cement raw materials, and it is important to lower the grade of Cr in incinerated ash when recycling incinerated ash as a cement raw material. In selecting incineration ash with a low Cr grade from incineration ash having a distribution, there remains room for doubt as to whether or not the treatment involving the destruction phenomenon is an optimal operation. Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the processing system and method of incineration ash for reducing the Cr content rate in incineration ash, without performing the process which makes the particle size of incineration ash small by a destruction phenomenon.
本発明者は上記課題を克服するために鋭意研究したところ、破壊現象を生じさせることにより焼却灰の粒度を小さくする処理を行わずに、焼却灰に対して所定の目開き寸法での篩分及び磁選を順に実施することで、Ｃｒ品位を有意に低下可能であることを見出した。 The present inventor has intensively studied to overcome the above-described problems. As a result, the incineration ash is sieved with a predetermined opening size without performing a process of reducing the particle size of the incineration ash by causing a destruction phenomenon. In addition, it was found that Cr quality can be significantly lowered by sequentially performing magnetic separation.
本発明は上記知見に基づいて完成したものであり、一側面において、破壊現象によって粒度を小さくする処理を経ていない焼却灰を、篩分するための篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ以下の第一篩分機と、第一篩分機からの篩下を磁性物及び非磁性物に分別するための第一磁選機を備えた焼却灰処理システムである。 The present invention has been completed on the basis of the above knowledge. In one aspect, the first mesh opening size for sieving the incinerated ash that has not undergone the process of reducing the particle size by the destruction phenomenon is 3 mm or less. An incineration ash treatment system including a sieving machine and a first magnetic separator for separating the sieving from the first sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material.
本発明に係る焼却灰処理システムの一実施形態においては、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下であり、その篩下が第一篩分機に投入される第二篩分機と、第一篩分機からの篩上を磁性物及び非磁性物に分別するための第二磁選機とを更に備える。 In one embodiment of the incineration ash treatment system according to the present invention, the mesh size of the sieve mesh is more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm, and the second sieving machine in which the sieving is introduced into the first sieving machine, And a second magnetic separator for separating the sieve top from the sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material.
本発明に係る焼却灰処理システムの別の一実施形態においては、第一篩分機からの篩上を篩分するための篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の第二篩分機と、第二篩分機からの篩下を磁性物及び非磁性物に分別するための第二磁選機とを更に備える。 In another embodiment of the incineration ash treatment system according to the present invention, a second sieving machine having a mesh size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm for sieving on the sieve from the first sieving machine, And a second magnetic separator for separating the sieve from the second sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material.
本発明は別の一側面において、破壊現象によって粒度を小さくする処理を経ていない焼却灰を、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ以下の第一篩分機で篩分する工程（ａ）と、第一篩分機からの篩下を第一磁選機により磁性物と非磁性物とに分別する工程（ｂ）とを含む焼却灰処理方法である。 In another aspect of the present invention, the step (a) of sieving the incinerated ash that has not undergone the treatment of reducing the particle size due to the destruction phenomenon with a first sieving machine having a sieve mesh opening size of 3 mm or less; This is an incineration ash treatment method including a step (b) of separating the sieving from the sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by a first magnetic separator.
本発明に係る焼却灰処理方法の一実施形態においては、第一篩分機で篩分する前に、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の第二篩分機で焼却灰を篩分する工程（ｃ）が行われ、第二篩分機からの篩下が第一篩分機に投入され、そして、第一篩分機からの篩上を第二磁選機により磁性物と非磁性物とに分別する工程（ｄ）が行われる。 In one embodiment of the incineration ash treatment method according to the present invention, before sieving with the first sieving machine, the incineration ash is sieved with a second sieving machine having a mesh opening size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm. Step (c) is performed, and the sieving from the second sieving machine is put into the first sieving machine, and the sieving from the first sieving machine is separated into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance by a second magnetic separator. Step (d) is performed.
本発明に係る焼却灰処理方法の別の一実施形態においては、第一篩分機で篩分した後、第一篩分機からの篩上を篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の第二篩分機で篩分する工程（ｃ）が行われ、そして、第二篩分機からの篩下を第二磁選機により磁性物と非磁性物とに分別する工程（ｄ）が行われる。 In another embodiment of the method for treating incinerated ash according to the present invention, after sieving with a first sieving machine, the sieving from the first sieving machine has a mesh opening size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm. A step (c) of sieving with a two-sieving machine is performed, and a step (d) of separating the sieving from the second sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by a second magnetic separator.
本発明によれば、破砕や粉砕といった破壊現象によって焼却灰の粒度を小さくする処理を行うことなく、焼却灰中のＣｒ品位を低下させることができ、焼却灰をセメント原料としてリサイクルする上で有用である。 According to the present invention, the quality of Cr in incineration ash can be reduced without performing the process of reducing the particle size of the incineration ash due to the destruction phenomenon such as crushing and pulverization, which is useful for recycling the incineration ash as a cement raw material. It is.
対象となる産業廃棄物
本発明が対象としている産業廃棄物には燃えがら、汚でい、廃油、廃酸、廃アルカリ、廃プラスチック、紙くず、木くず、繊維くず、動植物残査、ゴムくず、金属くず、ガラス／陶磁器くず、鉱さい、建設廃材、ばいじんなどの普通産業廃棄物のほか、医療廃棄物も含まれる。この中でも、非鉄のメタルと一緒に混在している廃棄物を前処理することなくそのまま焼却処理できるという理由により、特に廃油、廃プラスチック、木くず、金属くずなど非鉄のメタルと混在しやすい廃棄物が好適に処理可能である。すなわち、非鉄容器に残る廃油、廃プラスチック、木くず及び金属くずなどが混在した廃棄物を前処理によって各素材に分別することは可能であるが、貴金属のように高付加価値があるわけではないので、前処理は逆にコスト高や処理工程の複雑化を招いてしまう。しかしながら、本発明においてはそのような産業廃棄物をそのまま焼却炉に投入してもよい。そのため、例えば小型医療機器や小型分析機器を分解せずにそのまま焼却炉に投入してもよい。Ｃｒはステンレス中に多く含まれるのでステンレスを材料に使用した製品の廃棄物や金属くず等に混入しやすい。
Industrial waste covered by the present invention Burnable, dirty, waste oil, waste acid, waste alkali, waste plastic, paper waste, wood waste, textile waste, animal and plant residues, rubber waste, metal waste In addition to ordinary industrial waste such as glass / ceramic scraps, slag, construction waste, and dust, medical waste is also included. Among these, wastes that are mixed with non-ferrous metals can be incinerated without pretreatment, so waste that tends to coexist with non-ferrous metals, such as waste oil, waste plastic, wood scraps, and metal scraps, among others. It can be suitably processed. In other words, it is possible to separate waste oil, waste plastic, wood scraps and metal scraps remaining in non-ferrous containers into each material by pretreatment, but it does not have high added value like precious metals. On the other hand, pre-processing leads to high costs and complicated processing steps. However, in the present invention, such industrial waste may be put into an incinerator as it is. Therefore, for example, a small medical device or a small analytical device may be put into an incinerator without being disassembled. Since a large amount of Cr is contained in stainless steel, it is likely to be mixed into wastes of products or metal scraps of products using stainless steel as a material.
焼却炉
産業廃棄物を処理する焼却炉の種類によって焼却灰の性状は若干変化するが、本発明に係る焼却灰処理システムに導入する焼却灰は、公知の任意のタイプの焼却炉から排出されるものであって良い。例えば、ストーカー炉、流動床炉又はキルン炉から排出される焼却灰を処理可能であり、粗大な廃棄物を直接そのまま焼却処理できるという理由から、特にロータリーキルンから排出される焼却灰を好適に処理可能である。また、粗大で複合体の廃棄物を直接そのまま焼却処理するため、ロータリーキルンの運転条件は高温燃焼と低速回転とすることが好ましい。
The properties of incineration ash vary slightly depending on the type of incinerator that treats incinerator industrial waste, but the incineration ash introduced into the incineration ash treatment system according to the present invention is discharged from any known type of incinerator It can be a thing. For example, incineration ash discharged from stalker furnaces, fluidized bed furnaces, or kiln furnaces can be processed, and incineration ash discharged from rotary kilns can be suitably processed because coarse waste can be directly incinerated. It is. In addition, in order to directly incinerate coarse and complex waste as it is, it is preferable that the operating conditions of the rotary kiln are high temperature combustion and low speed rotation.
また、焼却炉に投入される産業廃棄物に関しては、意図的にセメント原料として有用な成分、すなわち、Ｆｅ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ、Ａｌ2Ｏ3、ＳｉＯ2などを多く含むものの比率を高く（例えばＦｅ2Ｏ3＋ＳｉＯ2を合計で２５〜４５重量％）、塩素の比率を低く（例えば０．６％重量未満）とすることにより、よりセメント原料として好適となる。 In addition, regarding industrial waste thrown into the incinerator, the ratio of components intentionally useful as cement raw materials, that is, those containing a large amount of Fe 2 O 3, CaO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2, etc. is high (eg Fe 2 O 3 + SiO 2 in a total of 25 to 45% by weight) and a low chlorine ratio (for example, less than 0.6% by weight) are more suitable as a cement raw material.
篩分機及び磁選機
焼却炉から排出される焼却灰はコンタクトクーラー等で冷却された後、破壊現象によって粒度を小さくする処理を経ることなく、篩分機及び磁選機で処理を受ける。焼却灰は粒度分布をもっており、大小様々な大きさのものが存在する。また、焼却灰中には投入原料に応じて種々の有価物が含まれている。焼却灰をセメント原料としてリサイクルすることを考える上では、Ｃｒ品位を少なくすることが重要となるが、本発明者の検討結果によれば、Ｃｒ分は比較的粒度の大きな金属くず（Ｃｒめっき鉄、Ｃｒ鋼等）に由来することが多いことから、粒度の大きな焼却灰中に比較的多く含まれ、粒度の小さな焼却灰中には比較的少ないことが分かった。更に、粒度の小さな焼却灰の場合、Ｃｒ分は多くが磁性焼却灰中に分布するので、磁選機にかけて分別した後の非磁性焼却灰は極めてＣｒ品位が低くなることが分かった。
The incinerated ash discharged from the sieving machine and the magnetic separator incinerator is cooled by a contact cooler or the like, and then subjected to processing by the sieving machine and magnetic separator without undergoing a process of reducing the particle size due to the destruction phenomenon. Incineration ash has a particle size distribution, and there are various sizes. The incinerated ash contains various valuable materials depending on the input raw materials. In consideration of recycling incinerated ash as a raw material for cement, it is important to reduce Cr quality. However, according to the results of the study by the present inventors, the amount of Cr is relatively large-sized metal scrap (Cr plated iron , Cr steel, etc.) are often derived from relatively large amounts in the incinerated ash having a large particle size, and relatively small in the incinerated ash having a small particle size. Furthermore, in the case of incinerated ash with a small particle size, a large amount of Cr is distributed in the magnetic incinerated ash, so it was found that the non-magnetic incinerated ash after fractionation by a magnetic separator is extremely low in Cr quality.
具体的には、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ以下の篩分機（第一篩分機）にかけた後の篩下にはＣｒ品位の比較的低い焼却灰が得られる。その篩下を更に磁選機（第一磁選機）にかけることにより、非磁性側にＣｒ品位の極めて低い焼却灰を得ることができる。篩目の目開き寸法は小さい方がＣｒ品位を低下させる上で有利であるが、その分回収率も低下するので、篩目の目開き寸法は１ｍｍ以上とするのが好ましく、２ｍｍ以上とするのがより好ましい。 Specifically, incineration ash having a relatively low Cr quality is obtained under the sieve after passing through a sieve (first sieve) having a mesh size of 3 mm or less. By applying the sieve further to a magnetic separator (first magnetic separator), incinerated ash with extremely low Cr quality can be obtained on the non-magnetic side. A smaller mesh opening size is advantageous in reducing the Cr quality, but since the recovery rate is also reduced accordingly, the mesh opening size is preferably 1 mm or more, and 2 mm or more. Is more preferable.
なお、焼却灰を篩分機にかける前に、破壊現象によって粒度を小さくする処理を行ってしまうと、上述した粒度分布とＣｒ品位の関係が変化してしまうので好ましくない。 In addition, it is not preferable to reduce the particle size by the destruction phenomenon before passing the incinerated ash through a sieving machine, because the above-described relationship between the particle size distribution and Cr quality is changed.
磁選機は公知の任意の種類の磁選機を使用して良く、例えば、永久磁石式や電磁石式の磁選機が使用可能であり、電磁石式の吊り下げ磁選機を好適に使用することができる。 As the magnetic separator, any known magnetic separator can be used. For example, a permanent magnet type or an electromagnetic type magnetic separator can be used, and an electromagnet hanging magnetic separator can be preferably used.
焼却灰中の初期Ｃｒ品位は一般に０．１〜１．０質量％であるが、本発明によれば、典型的にはＣｒ品位が０．１〜０．５倍に低下した非磁性焼却灰を分別回収することが可能であり、より典型的には０．１５〜０．２５倍に低下した非磁性焼却灰を分別回収することが可能である。本発明によって得られた非磁性焼却灰中のＣｒ品位は典型的には０．０１〜０．０８質量％であり、より典型的には０．０２〜０．０５質量％である。セメント中で許容されるＣｒ品位は例示的には０．１質量％以下程度であることを考慮すれば、本発明に係る処理によって得られた焼却灰中のＣｒ品位はセメント材料として好適に利用可能なレベルである。本発明においては、一般的に上記処理を経た非磁性焼却灰のＣｒ品位が最も低い。磁性側の焼却灰はシュレッダー鉄としてリサイクル可能である。 The initial Cr quality in the incineration ash is generally 0.1 to 1.0% by mass, but according to the present invention, the non-magnetic incineration ash with the Cr quality typically reduced to 0.1 to 0.5 times It is possible to separate and collect the non-magnetic incinerated ash, which is typically reduced by 0.15 to 0.25 times. The Cr quality in the nonmagnetic incinerated ash obtained by the present invention is typically 0.01 to 0.08 mass%, more typically 0.02 to 0.05 mass%. Considering that the Cr grade allowed in the cement is, for example, about 0.1% by mass or less, the Cr grade in the incinerated ash obtained by the treatment according to the present invention is suitably used as a cement material. It is a possible level. In the present invention, the non-magnetic incinerated ash that has been subjected to the above treatment generally has the lowest Cr quality. The incineration ash on the magnetic side can be recycled as shredder iron.
本発明の一実施形態によれば、第一磁選機で分別回収される非磁性焼却灰は当初の焼却灰全体に対して質量比で２０〜５０％であり、典型的には３０〜４０％である。 According to one embodiment of the present invention, the nonmagnetic incineration ash that is separated and collected by the first magnetic separator is 20 to 50% in mass ratio with respect to the entire original incineration ash, and typically 30 to 40%. It is.
また、第一篩分機で篩上に残る焼却灰は、第一篩分機にかけた後の篩下の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位より高く、このままではＣｒ品位がセメント原料として十分ではないことが多いが、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の篩分機（第二篩分機）にかけた後に篩下に移行する焼却灰は比較的Ｃｒ品位が低い。 Further, the incineration ash remaining on the sieve with the first sieving machine is higher than the Cr quality in the incineration ash under the sieve after passing through the first sieving machine, and the Cr quality is often not sufficient as a cement raw material as it is. Incinerated ash that passes through a sieving machine (second sieving machine) having a mesh size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm has a relatively low Cr quality.
そこで、この篩下を磁選機（第二磁選機）にかけることにより、非磁性側にＣｒ品位の十分に少ない焼却灰を得ることができるので、リサイクル業者が引き取り可能なＣｒ品位であれば、これをセメント材料としてリサイクルしてもよい。但し、第二篩分機の目開き寸法は３ｍｍに近すぎると回収率が低くなる一方で、７ｍｍに近すぎるとＣｒ品位が上昇しやすいことから、好ましくは４〜６ｍｍである。この場合も、磁性側の焼却灰はシュレッダー鉄としてリサイクル可能である。 Therefore, by applying this sieve to a magnetic separator (second magnetic separator), it is possible to obtain incinerated ash with sufficiently low Cr quality on the non-magnetic side, so if the Cr quality can be taken by the recycler, This may be recycled as a cement material. However, if the aperture size of the second sieving machine is too close to 3 mm, the recovery rate is low, whereas if it is too close to 7 mm, the Cr quality is likely to increase, and therefore, it is preferably 4 to 6 mm. Also in this case, the incineration ash on the magnetic side can be recycled as shredder iron.
これを実施する方法としては、二通りが考えられる。一つは、第一篩分機で篩分する前に、篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の第二篩分機で焼却灰を篩分する工程を行う方法である。この場合、第二篩分機からの篩下が第一篩分機に投入され、そして、第一篩分機からの篩上を第二磁選機により磁性物と非磁性物とに分別する。二つ目は、第一篩分機で篩分した後、第一篩分機からの篩上を篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の第二篩分機で篩分する工程を行う方法である。この場合、第二篩分機からの篩下を第二磁選機により磁性物と非磁性物とに分別する工程が行われる。 There are two possible ways to do this. One is a method of performing a step of sieving the incinerated ash with a second sieving machine having an opening size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm before sieving with the first sieving machine. In this case, the sieving from the second sieving machine is charged into the first sieving machine, and the sieving from the first sieving machine is separated into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by the second magnetic separator. The second is a method in which after sieving with the first sieving machine, the top of the sieving machine from the first sieving machine is sieved with a second sieving machine having an opening size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm. is there. In this case, a step of separating the sieving from the second sieving machine into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material by a second magnetic separator is performed.
本発明の一実施形態によれば、第二磁選機で分別回収される非磁性焼却灰は当初の焼却灰全体に対して質量比で５〜１５％であり、典型的には８〜１２％である。 According to one embodiment of the present invention, the non-magnetic incineration ash separated and collected by the second magnetic separator is 5 to 15% in mass ratio with respect to the entire original incineration ash, and typically 8 to 12%. It is.
本発明においては、目開き寸法は一つ一つの篩目が形成する正方形の一辺の長さを指すことが原則である。しかしながら、本発明では篩目の形状は正方形に限られるものではなく、例えば長方形、菱形又は円形でもよい。従って、本発明においては目開き寸法をｘｍｍと定義したときには、その篩がＪＩＳ Ｚ８８０１−１に従う目開き寸法ｘｍｍの篩と実質的に同等の篩分け特性を有する篩目を有することを指すものとする。 In the present invention, in principle, the aperture size indicates the length of one side of a square formed by each sieve mesh. However, in the present invention, the shape of the mesh is not limited to a square, and may be, for example, a rectangle, a diamond, or a circle. Therefore, in the present invention, when the opening dimension is defined as xmm, it means that the sieve has a sieve having substantially the same sieving characteristics as a sieve having an opening dimension xmm according to JIS Z8801-1. To do.
焼却灰処理システム
以下、本発明に係る焼却灰処理システムの好適な実施形態について図１を参照しながら説明する。
該処理システムは、篩分機及び磁選機を多段階で組み合わせて構築されている。各工程においては、粉塵防止のため局所集塵が適宜行われる（例：バグフィルター）。図１に、該処理システムのフローを示す。ロータリーキルン式焼却炉から排出された産業廃棄物の焼却灰（燃えがら）はまずコンタクトクーラーにより冷却される。その後、焼却灰は篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ超且つ７ｍｍ以下の篩分機（第二篩分機）で篩分される。第二篩分機からの篩下が篩目の目開き寸法が３ｍｍ以下の篩分機（第一篩分機）に投入され、第一篩分機を通過した篩下は磁選機（第一磁選機）にかけられ、Ｃｒ品位の極めて低い非磁性焼却灰が分別回収される。また、第一篩分機を通過しなかった篩上であっても、磁選機（第二磁選機）にかけることで、Ｃｒ品位の低い非磁性焼却灰を分別回収することができる。第二篩分機からの篩上は、磁選機にかけることで、磁性側をシュレッダー鉄としてリサイクル可能であるが、非磁性側はＣｒ品位が十分に低くないため、セメント原料としては不適であるのが通常である。
Incineration ash treatment system A preferred embodiment of the incineration ash treatment system according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.
The processing system is constructed by combining a sieving machine and a magnetic separator in multiple stages. In each process, local dust collection is appropriately performed to prevent dust (eg, bag filter). FIG. 1 shows a flow of the processing system. Incineration ash (burnt) of industrial waste discharged from a rotary kiln type incinerator is first cooled by a contact cooler. Thereafter, the incinerated ash is sieved with a sieving machine (second sieving machine) having a mesh size of more than 3 mm and not more than 7 mm. The sieving from the second sieving machine is put into a sieving machine (first sieving machine) having a mesh opening size of 3 mm or less, and the sieving passed through the first sieving machine is passed through a magnetic separator (first magnetic separator). The non-magnetic incineration ash with extremely low Cr quality is collected separately. Moreover, even if it is on the sieve which has not passed through the first sieving machine, the nonmagnetic incinerated ash having a low Cr quality can be separated and collected by applying it to the magnetic separator (second magnetic separator). The top of the sieve from the second sieving machine can be recycled as shredder iron by applying it to a magnetic separator, but the non-magnetic side is not suitable as a cement raw material because the Cr grade is not sufficiently low. Is normal.
焼却炉から排出され、コンタクトクーラーによって室温まで冷却された後の焼却灰サンプル４２９２．２ｇを回収した。これをまず篩分機Ａで篩分した。篩上の焼却灰は磁選機Ａで磁性物と非磁性物とに分別し、篩下の焼却灰は篩分機Ｂへと送った。篩分機Ｂで篩分した後、篩上の焼却灰は磁選機Ｂで磁性物と非磁性物とに分別し、篩下の焼却灰は篩分機Ｃへと送った。篩分機Ｃで篩分した後、篩上の焼却灰は磁選機Ｃで磁性物と非磁性物とに分別し、篩下の焼却灰は磁選機Ｃで磁性物と非磁性物とに分別した。各装置の運転条件を以下に示す。なお、磁選機は一般的なものを使用した。 A 4292.2 g sample of incinerated ash after being discharged from the incinerator and cooled to room temperature by a contact cooler was recovered. This was first sieved with sieving machine A. The incinerated ash on the sieve was separated into a magnetic substance and a non-magnetic substance by a magnetic separator A, and the incinerated ash under the sieve was sent to a sieving machine B. After sieving with sieving machine B, the incinerated ash on the sieve was separated into a magnetic material and a non-magnetic material with magnetic separator B, and the incinerated ash under the sieve was sent to sieving machine C. After sieving with sieving machine C, the incinerated ash on the sieve was separated into magnetic and non-magnetic substances with magnetic separator C, and the incinerated ash under the sieve was separated into magnetic and non-magnetic substances with magnetic separator C. . The operating conditions of each device are shown below. In addition, the general magnetic separator was used.
条件
＜焼却炉に投入する産業廃棄物＞
汚 泥：５００ｔ/月
廃油 ：６００ｔ/月
廃プラスチック：４００ｔ/月
金 属 く ず： ５０ｔ/月
＜焼却炉＞
方式：ロータリーキルン式
処理能力：１２０ｔ/日
回転数：０．０５〜０．２７ｒｐｍ
＜焼却炉から生じる焼却灰＞
合計：３００ｔ／月
＜篩分機Ａ＞
方式：密閉篩分装置
目開き：１０ｍｍ（篩目は正方形状）
＜篩分機Ｂ＞
方式：密閉篩分装置
目開き：５ｍｍ（篩目は正方形状）
＜篩分機Ｃ＞
方式：密閉篩分装置
目開き：２．３６ｍｍ（篩目は正方形状）
Conditions <Industrial waste thrown into incinerator>
Sludge: 500 t / month Waste oil: 600 t / month Waste plastic: 400 t / month Metallic waste: 50 t / month <Incinerator>
Method: Rotary kiln type Processing capacity: 120t / day Rotation speed: 0.05 ~ 0.27rpm
<Incineration ash generated from the incinerator>
Total: 300t / month <Sieving machine A>
Method: Sealed sieving device Aperture: 10 mm (sieve is square)
<Sieving machine B>
Method: Sealed sieving device Opening: 5mm (the sieve mesh is square)
<Sieving machine C>
Method: Sealed sieving device Aperture: 2.36 mm (sieve is square)
物質収支
上記試験の結果を表１に示す。各ステップにおける焼却灰中のＣｒ品位はＩＣＰ発光分光法により測定した。表１より、焼却灰を篩分機Ａ（目開き１０ｍｍ）にかけると、篩上の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位は増加し、逆に、篩下のＣｒ品位は低下した。しかしながら篩下の焼却灰のＣｒ品位は十分に低下しなかった。また、篩上の焼却灰を磁選機Ａで分別すると、非磁性側のＣｒ品位が増加し、磁性側のＣｒ品位が低下した。しかしながら、磁性側の焼却灰のＣｒ品位の低下度合いは十分ではなかった。
篩分機Ａを通過した篩下を更に篩分機Ｂ（目開き５ｍｍ）にかけると、篩分機Ｂの篩下の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位はセメント業者に引き取り可能な程度に低下していた。篩上の焼却灰のＣｒ品位は高かった。これを磁選機Ｂで分別すると、非磁性側のＣｒ品位は低下したものの、その低下度合いは十分ではなかった。
篩分機Ｂを通過した篩下を更に篩分機Ｃ（目開き２．３６ｍｍ）にかけると、篩分機Ｃの篩下の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位は更に低下した。篩分機Ｃの篩下を更に磁選機Ｄで分別すると、磁選機Ｂと同様に磁性側のＣｒ品位が増加し、非磁性側のＣｒ品位が低下することが分かる。また、篩分機Ｃの篩上の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位はやや高いが、磁選機Ｃで分別すると、磁選機Ｂと同様に磁性側のＣｒ品位が増加し、非磁性側のＣｒ品位が低下することが分かる。非磁性側の焼却灰中のＣｒ品位はセメント業者に引き取り可能な程度に低下していた。
このように、粒度の小さな焼却灰中にはＣｒが少ないこと、そして、一定の粒度以下の焼却灰については、磁選することで非磁性側にＣｒが集まりやすいことが分かる。
なお、磁選機によって磁性側に移行した焼却灰は何れもシュレッダー鉄としてリサイクル可能である。
Material balance The results of the above test are shown in Table 1. Cr quality in the incinerated ash at each step was measured by ICP emission spectroscopy. From Table 1, when the incinerated ash was applied to the sieving machine A (mesh opening 10 mm), the Cr quality in the incinerated ash on the sieve increased, and conversely, the Cr quality under the sieve decreased. However, the Cr quality of the incineration ash under the sieve was not sufficiently lowered. Moreover, when the incinerated ash on the sieve was sorted by the magnetic separator A, the Cr quality on the nonmagnetic side increased and the Cr quality on the magnetic side decreased. However, the degree of decrease in Cr quality of the incineration ash on the magnetic side was not sufficient.
When the sieve passed through the sieving machine A was further passed through a sieving machine B (aperture 5 mm), the Cr quality in the incinerated ash under the sieve of the sieving machine B was lowered to a level that could be picked up by a cement supplier. The Cr quality of the incinerated ash on the sieve was high. When this was sorted by the magnetic separator B, although the Cr quality on the nonmagnetic side was lowered, the degree of reduction was not sufficient.
When the sieve passed through the sieving machine B was further passed through a sieving machine C (mesh opening 2.36 mm), the Cr quality in the incinerated ash under the sieving machine C was further reduced. When the sieve of the sieving machine C is further separated by the magnetic separator D, it can be seen that, similarly to the magnetic separator B, the Cr quality on the magnetic side increases and the Cr quality on the nonmagnetic side decreases. The grade of Cr in the incinerated ash on the sieve of the sieving machine C is slightly high, but when sorted by the magnetic separator C, the Cr grade on the magnetic side increases and the Cr grade on the non-magnetic side decreases as with the magnetic separator B. I understand that The Cr quality in the non-magnetic side incineration ash was lowered to a level that could be picked up by a cement supplier.
Thus, it can be seen that the incineration ash having a small particle size has a small amount of Cr, and the incineration ash having a certain particle size or less tends to collect Cr on the non-magnetic side by magnetic selection.
Any incinerated ash that has moved to the magnetic side by a magnetic separator can be recycled as shredder iron.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017137224A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Method for treating incineration main ash |
| JP2017170331A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Classification method of object to be processed, and sorter |
| CN108883419A (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2018-11-23 | 沙堡机械设备制造有限公司 | Method and apparatus for handling the ash content from garbage incinerating system |
| CN110523532A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-03 | 安徽金安矿业有限公司 | A kind of efficient magnetic iron ore milling method |
-
2011
- 2011-12-28 JP JP2011289845A patent/JP2013138975A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2017137224A (en) * | 2016-02-05 | 2017-08-10 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | Method for treating incineration main ash |
| JP2017170331A (en) * | 2016-03-23 | 2017-09-28 | Ｊｘ金属株式会社 | Classification method of object to be processed, and sorter |
| CN108883419A (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2018-11-23 | 沙堡机械设备制造有限公司 | Method and apparatus for handling the ash content from garbage incinerating system |
| CN108883419B (en) * | 2016-04-03 | 2021-01-05 | 沙堡机械设备制造有限公司 | Method and apparatus for treating ash from a waste incineration plant |
| CN110523532A (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2019-12-03 | 安徽金安矿业有限公司 | A kind of efficient magnetic iron ore milling method |
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