JP2013136669A - Cement-based grouting material - Google Patents
Cement-based grouting material Download PDFInfo
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- JP2013136669A JP2013136669A JP2011288178A JP2011288178A JP2013136669A JP 2013136669 A JP2013136669 A JP 2013136669A JP 2011288178 A JP2011288178 A JP 2011288178A JP 2011288178 A JP2011288178 A JP 2011288178A JP 2013136669 A JP2013136669 A JP 2013136669A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、地盤や岩盤等を不透水・強固なものに改質したり、建設物の基礎強化等に用いるセメント系注入材に関する。 The present invention relates to a cement-based injecting material that is used to modify the ground, rock, etc. to be impervious and strong, or to strengthen the foundation of a building.
地盤や岩盤等を不透水なものや強固なものに改質するため、セメント等の水硬性物質を主成分とする注入材が使用されている。特に、粒子間隙の微小な地盤や微小亀裂が入った岩盤のような浸透性の低い地盤等の強化用には、当該間隙を通過できる大きさに水硬性物質を微細化した超微粒子系注入材が用いられる。超微粒子系注入材としては、スラグ等の潜在水硬性物質が使用されるケースも多く、具体的には水硬性物質に粒径を規定したセメント微粉とスラグ微粉を用いた注入材（例えば、特許文献１〜２参照。）等が知られている。一方、昨今ではセメント製造原料の一部に産業廃棄物が使用されることが増えている。このような原料から製造されたセメントには一般に微量の重金属が含まれる。この重金属の中にはクロムが含まれる。硬化後のセメント組成物も水と接するとクロムが有害な６価クロム（Ｃｒ6+）となって溶出する虞があるが、通常の使用では溶出する６価クロムの量は極微量である。しかしながら、超微粒子系注入材に使用されるようなセメントは、微細化したセメントであり、比表面積が大きいため、６価クロムが溶出し易く、溶出量も増加し易い。このため、微粒セメント系注入材において、スラグとカルシウムアルミネートを特定量加えることで、注入材を数分程度の短時間でゲル化させれば、６価クロムの溶出量を抑制できることが知られている。（例えば、特許文献３参照。） In order to modify the ground and rocks to be impervious or strong, an injection material mainly composed of a hydraulic substance such as cement is used. Especially for the reinforcement of the ground with low permeability such as the ground with a minute gap between the particles and the microcrack, etc. Is used. There are many cases in which a latent hydraulic material such as slag is used as an ultrafine particle type injection material. Specifically, an injection material using cement fine powder and slag fine powder whose particle size is defined as a hydraulic material (for example, patents) Documents 1 and 2) are known. On the other hand, recently, industrial waste is increasingly used as a part of raw materials for cement production. Cement produced from such raw materials generally contains trace amounts of heavy metals. This heavy metal contains chromium. Although the cement composition after hardening may be dissolved as harmful hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) when it comes into contact with water, the amount of hexavalent chromium to be eluted in a normal use is extremely small. However, the cement used for the ultrafine particle injection material is a refined cement and has a large specific surface area. Therefore, hexavalent chromium is easily eluted and the amount of elution is likely to increase. For this reason, it is known that by adding a specific amount of slag and calcium aluminate in a fine cement-based injection material, the elution amount of hexavalent chromium can be suppressed if the injection material is gelled in a short time of about several minutes. ing. (For example, refer to Patent Document 3.)
しかるに、特許文献３に開示されたような微粒セメントにスラグとカルシウムアルミネートを特定量加えた注入材では、数分程度でゲル化は完了するものの、生成された６価クロムの固定化が十分可能となる初期強度まで到達するにはなお時間がかかる為、その間に６価クロム溶出は進み易く、初期からの実効性のある６価クロム溶出防止には、例えば注入材そのものの性状に影響を及ぼす虞がある還元剤との併用が不可欠であった。 However, in the injection material in which a specific amount of slag and calcium aluminate is added to the fine cement as disclosed in Patent Document 3, gelation is completed in about several minutes, but the generated hexavalent chromium is sufficiently fixed. Since it takes more time to reach the initial strength where it is possible, elution of hexavalent chromium is likely to proceed during that time. For preventing hexavalent chromium elution that is effective from the beginning, for example, the properties of the injection material itself are affected. It was indispensable to use in combination with a reducing agent that might affect the effect.
本発明は、浸透性の低い地盤等に対しても容易に注入できる微粒セメント系の注入材であって、注入性や注入後の硬化性に支障を及ぼすことなく、６価クロム（Ｃｒ6+）の溶出を十分抑制することのできるセメント系注入材を提供する。 The present invention relates to a grout of fine cement which can be easily injected into the low permeability soil and the like, without hinder the curing after injection property and injection, hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) Is sufficiently suppressed to provide a cement-based injection material.
本発明者等は、前記課題解決のため鋭意検討を重ねた結果、微粒セメント系の注入材を特定の配合組成とすることで、注入性や注入後の硬化性に実質影響を及ぼさずに接水によるゲル化直後の初期強度を飛躍的に高めることができ、その結果、６価クロム（Ｃｒ6+）の溶出を著しく低減できたことから本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive investigations to solve the above problems, the present inventors have made a fine cementitious injecting material a specific blending composition, so that the injecting property and the curability after pouring are not affected substantially. The initial strength immediately after gelation with water can be dramatically increased. As a result, the elution of hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) can be remarkably reduced, thereby completing the present invention.
即ち、本発明は、次の（１）〜（３）で表されるセメント系注入材である。（１）セメント微粉１００質量部、スラグ微粉１００質量部未満（０質量部を含む。）、カルシウムミネート１０〜３００質量部及び石膏類１０〜３００質量部を含むセメント系注入材。（２）さらに、アルカリ金属硫酸塩を含む前記（１）のセメント系注入材。（３）セメント微粉並びにスラグ微粉を含有する水性スラリーＡ及びカルシウムミネート並びに石膏類を含有する水性スラリーＢからなる前記（１）又は（２）のセメント系注入材。 That is, this invention is a cement-type injection material represented by following (1)-(3). (1) A cement-based injection material containing 100 parts by mass of cement fine powder, less than 100 parts by mass of slag fine powder (including 0 parts by mass), 10 to 300 parts by mass of calcium minate, and 10 to 300 parts by mass of gypsum. (2) The cement-based injecting material according to (1), further comprising an alkali metal sulfate. (3) The cement-based injecting material according to (1) or (2) above, comprising the aqueous slurry A containing fine cement powder and fine slag powder and the aqueous slurry B containing calcium minate and gypsum.
本発明によれば、低浸透性地盤等への注入使用に適したセメント系注入材としての基本性能は何等損なうことなく、６価クロム溶出量が著しく低減されたセメント系注入材が得られる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a cement-based injecting material in which the hexavalent chromium elution amount is remarkably reduced without impairing the basic performance as a cement-based injecting material suitable for injecting use into a low permeability ground or the like.
本発明のセメント系注入材に含有使用するセメントの種類は、水硬性のセメントであれば特に限定されない。具体的には、例えば、普通、早強、超早強、中庸熱、低熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、エコセメント、シリカセメントやフライアッシュセメント等の混合セメントを挙げることができる。また、使用するセメント微粉の粒度は、ブレーン比表面積で５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上とする。好ましくは６０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上、最も好ましくは７０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上とする。粒度の上限は特に制限されないが、粉砕コストが高騰するため２００００ｃｍ2／ｇ程度とする。セメントの粒度がブレーン比表面積で５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ未満の場合、粒径も過大となる傾向があって微小間隙を対象とした地盤注入には適さないことがある為適当ではない。本発明のセメント系注入材においてセメントは、強固な地盤を形成させる為の地盤粒子間の主たる結合相を形成する。 The type of cement used for the cement-based injection material of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a hydraulic cement. Specifically, for example, various portland cements such as normal, early strength, super early strength, moderate heat, and low heat, mixed cements such as eco cement, silica cement, fly ash cement, and the like can be given. Moreover, the particle size of the cement fine powder to be used shall be 5000 cm < 2 > / g or more by a Blaine specific surface area. Preferably 6000 cm 2 / g or more, and most preferably 7000 cm 2 / g or more. The upper limit of the particle size is not particularly limited, but is set to about 20000 cm 2 / g because the pulverization cost increases. If the grain size of the cement is less than 5000 cm 2 / g in terms of Blaine specific surface area, the grain size tends to be too large and may not be suitable for ground injection targeting a minute gap. In the cement-based injection material of the present invention, the cement forms a main binder phase between the ground particles for forming a strong ground.
本発明のセメント系注入材に含有されるスラグ粉末は、例えば高炉スラグ、製鋼スラグ、転炉スラグ、脱珪スラグ等の金属資材製造過程で発生するような鉱滓が推奨される。下水汚泥や都市ゴミ、ペーパースラッジ等の廃棄物を発生起源とする溶融スラグなどは重金属類が濃縮含有されている虞があるので使用を避けるのが望ましい。好ましくは、初期強度発現性が高くなることから高ガラス化率のスラグが良く、例えば高炉水砕スラグなどが適当である。スラグの粒度は微小化されたものほど地盤の微細な粒子間を通り易く、また反応活性も高くなる、従って、好ましくはブレーン比表面積で５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上とする。上限は特に制限されないが、粉砕コストが高騰するため１５０００ｃｍ2／ｇ程度とする。本注入材のスラグ含有量は、含有するセメント１００質量部に対し、１００質量部未満とする。無含有であっても良い。好ましくは５０〜９９質量部とする。また１００質量部以上では初期の固結力が低下し、カルシウムアルミネートを用いても凝結終結直後付近での初期強度が高くなり難く、この間の６価クロム（Ｃｒ6+）の溶出を十分防ぐことができないので好ましくない。 As the slag powder contained in the cement-based injecting material of the present invention, a slag that is generated in the process of producing metal materials such as blast furnace slag, steelmaking slag, converter slag, desiliconized slag and the like is recommended. It is desirable to avoid the use of molten slag that originates from waste such as sewage sludge, municipal waste, and paper sludge because it may contain heavy metals. Preferably, slag with a high vitrification rate is good because initial strength development is high, and for example, blast furnace granulated slag is suitable. The smaller the particle size of the slag, the easier it is to pass between fine particles on the ground and the higher the reaction activity. Therefore, the specific surface area of Blaine is preferably 5000 cm 2 / g or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is set to about 15000 cm 2 / g because the pulverization cost increases. Slag content of this injection material shall be less than 100 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of cement to contain. It may be free. Preferably it is 50-99 mass parts. In addition, when the amount is 100 parts by mass or more, the initial solidification force is reduced, and even when calcium aluminate is used, the initial strength in the vicinity immediately after the completion of condensation is hardly increased, and elution of hexavalent chromium (Cr 6+ ) during this period is sufficiently prevented. It is not preferable because it cannot be done.
また本発明のセメント系注入材に含まれる石膏類は、無水石膏、半水石膏、二水石膏等の石膏を挙げることができる。また、天然石膏でも化学石膏と称されているものの何れでも良い。好ましくは、比較的高い強度発現作用を有することから、無水石膏を使用する。石膏は、中長期にわたって強固な地盤を安定して維持するのに貢献する。またカルシウムアルミネートと併用されることで水和鉱物エトリンガイトの生成が促進されるため初期強度発現性が向上する。使用する石膏の粒度は、微少間隙への浸透性を考慮し、ブレーン比表面積で好ましくは４０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上、より好ましくは６０００ｃｍ2／ｇ以上とする。上限は特に制限されないが、粉砕コストが高騰するため２００００ｃｍ2／ｇ程度とする。また、石膏の含有量（ポルトランドセメント中に予め含まれている分を除く。）は、含有するセメント１００質量部に対し、１０〜３００質量部とする。好ましくは１０〜１００質量部とする。１０質量部未満では初期強度発現性が小さくなり、所望の６価クロム溶出抑制効果が得られない虞があるので好ましくない。３００質量部を超えるとゲル化時間が遅延したり、過膨張を起こす虞があるので好ましくない。 Examples of the gypsum contained in the cement-based injection material of the present invention include gypsum such as anhydrous gypsum, hemihydrate gypsum, and dihydrate gypsum. Moreover, any of natural gypsum and what is called chemical gypsum may be used. Preferably, anhydrous gypsum is used because it has a relatively high strength development effect. Gypsum contributes to maintaining a solid ground stably over the medium to long term. Moreover, since the production | generation of a hydrated mineral ettringite is accelerated | stimulated by using together with a calcium aluminate, initial strength development property improves. The particle size of the gypsum to be used, taking into account the permeability of the minute gap, preferably in Blaine specific surface area of 4000 cm 2 / g or more, more preferably 6000 cm 2 / g or more. The upper limit is not particularly limited, but is set to about 20000 cm 2 / g because the pulverization cost increases. Moreover, content of gypsum (excluding the part previously contained in Portland cement) shall be 10-300 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of cement to contain. Preferably it is 10-100 mass parts. If it is less than 10 parts by mass, the initial strength developability is reduced, and the desired hexavalent chromium elution suppression effect may not be obtained, which is not preferable. Exceeding 300 parts by mass is not preferable because the gelation time may be delayed or excessive expansion may occur.
本発明のセメント系注入材に含有されるカルシウムアルミネートは、主要化学成分としてＣａＯとＡｌ2Ｏ3を含む水和活性物質であれば何れのものでも良く、化合物、固溶体又はガラス質等として、さらには左記何れかのものの混合物が例示でき、アルミナセメントでも良い。より具体的には、例えば１２ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ・Ａｌ2Ｏ3、３ＣａＯ・Ａｌ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ・２Ａｌ2Ｏ3、ＣａＯ・６Ａｌ2Ｏ3等が挙げられる。またＣａＯとＡｌ2Ｏ3に加えて他の化学成分が加わったものでも良く、他の化学成分も単体で、或いはＣａＯやＡｌ2Ｏ3の何れか又は両者と反応した生成物であっても良い。具体的には、例えば４ＣａＯ・３Ａｌ2Ｏ3・ＳＯ3、１１ＣａＯ・７Ａｌ2Ｏ3・ＣａＦ2、Ｎａ2Ｏ・８ＣａＯ・３Ａｌ2Ｏ3等が挙げられる。また、例示以外のＣａＯとＡｌ2Ｏ3の含有モル比となるカルシウムアルミネートでも良く、ＣａＯとＡｌ2Ｏ3の含有モル比の値は特に制限されるものではない。カルシウムアルミネートの含有量は、含有セメント量１００質量部に対し、１０〜３００質量部含有する。１０質量部未満では速硬性が低下する虞があるため好ましくなく、３００質量部を超えると中長期の強度発現性が阻害される虞があるので好ましくない。カルシウムアルミネートの粒度は、微少間隙への浸透性を考慮し、ゲル化時間短縮と早期強度発現性を円滑に得る上で、ブレーン比表面積で４０００〜１００００ｃｍ2／ｇのものを使用するのが好ましい。 The calcium aluminate contained in the cement-based injecting material of the present invention may be any hydration active substance containing CaO and Al 2 O 3 as main chemical components, such as a compound, solid solution, or glassy substance, Furthermore, a mixture of any of the left ones can be exemplified, and alumina cement may be used. More specifically, for example, 12CaO · 7Al 2 O 3, CaO · Al 2 O 3, 3CaO · Al 2 O 3, CaO · 2Al 2 O 3, CaO · 6Al 2 O 3 , and the like. Further, in addition to CaO and Al 2 O 3 , other chemical components may be added, and the other chemical components may be a single substance or a product reacted with either or both of CaO and Al 2 O 3. good. Specifically, 4CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 · SO 3, 11CaO · 7Al 2 O 3 · CaF 2, Na 2 O · 8CaO · 3Al 2 O 3 and the like. In addition, calcium aluminate having a molar ratio of CaO and Al 2 O 3 other than those illustrated may be used, and the value of the molar ratio of CaO and Al 2 O 3 is not particularly limited. The content of calcium aluminate is 10 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cement contained. If it is less than 10 parts by mass, it is not preferable because the fast-curing property may be lowered, and if it exceeds 300 parts by mass, the medium-to-long-term strength development may be inhibited. The particle size of calcium aluminate is 4,000 to 10,000 cm 2 / g in terms of Blaine specific surface area in order to reduce gelation time and to obtain early strength development smoothly in consideration of permeability to minute gaps. preferable.
本発明のセメント系注入材は、さらにアルカリ金属硫酸塩を含有することが好ましい。アルカリ金属としては、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウムの何れか１種又は２種以上の何れのものでも良い。アルカリ金属硫酸塩は、常温付近では水に溶解し、水性スラリー中で大量に含まれる微小なセメント粒子やスラグ粒子の擬凝結を抑制し、またこれら微粒子の分散性を高めて注入浸透性向上に寄与する他、初期強度を高める作用を有する。アルカリ金属硫酸塩の含有量は、セメント含有量１００質量部に対し、０．１〜１０質量部が好ましい。０．１重量％未満では含有効果が殆ど得られず、ゲル化が早まらない虞があるので適当でない。また、１０重量部を超えると、硬化促進作用が過大となり、練り置き時間の低下や注入浸透性の低下を引き起こすことがあるので適当でない。前述の通りアルカリ金属硫酸塩は易水溶性である為、配合時の粒度は何等制限されない。 The cement-based injection material of the present invention preferably further contains an alkali metal sulfate. As an alkali metal, any one of lithium, sodium, and potassium, or two or more of them may be used. Alkali metal sulfate dissolves in water near normal temperature, suppresses pseudo-condensation of fine cement particles and slag particles contained in large amounts in aqueous slurry, and improves dispersibility of these fine particles to improve injection permeability. In addition to contributing, it has the effect of increasing the initial strength. The content of the alkali metal sulfate is preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cement content. If it is less than 0.1% by weight, the inclusion effect is hardly obtained, and gelation may not be accelerated. On the other hand, if the amount exceeds 10 parts by weight, the curing accelerating action becomes excessive, which may cause a decrease in kneading time and a decrease in injection permeability. As described above, since the alkali metal sulfate is readily water-soluble, the particle size at the time of blending is not limited at all.
本発明のセメント系注入材は、上記以外の成分も本発明の効果を実質喪失させない限り含有使用することができる。このような成分として、例えば、何れもモルタルやコンクリートに使用できる分散剤類、凝結促進剤、凝結遅延剤、増粘剤などを挙げることができるが、これらの例示に限定されない。好ましくは、分散剤及び／又は凝結促進剤を含有使用する。分散剤類は、減水剤、高性能減水剤、高性能ＡＥ減水剤、ＡＥ減水剤又は流動化剤等と称されているものでも良い。分散剤の使用で、セメント微粒子やスラグ微粒子の凝集を抑制でき、微細な地盤間隙でも凝集塊形成による目詰まりが発生しない。分散剤類はセメント含有量１００質量部に対し、０．１〜１０質量部とする。０．１質量部未満では配合効果が得られないことがあり、１０質量部を超えると、凝結遅延や硬化不良を起こす虞がある。また、凝結促進剤としては、例えば、アルカリ金属の炭酸塩、硝酸塩、アルミン酸塩等が挙げられる。凝結促進剤の含有量は含有するセメント１００質量部に対し、０．１〜１０質量部とする。０．１質量部未満では配合効果が得られず、ゲル化が早まらない虞があり、また１０質量部を超えても凝結促進作用は殆ど向上しないので適当ではない。より好ましくは、さらに凝結遅延剤を含有する。凝結遅延剤を加えることによって、注入材としての可使時間を確保することができる。また、後述する水性スラリーの練り置き時間もより長くすることができる。凝結遅延剤の有効成分種は、特に限定されない。一例を示すとオキシカルボン酸又はその塩を挙げることができる。、凝結遅延剤の含有量は含有セメント１００質量部に対し、概ね０．１〜１０質量部とする。０．１質量部未満だと配合効果が実質得られず、また１０質量部を超える注入材では地盤中に固まらずに流冒することがあるので適当ではない。 The cement-based injecting material of the present invention can contain and use other components than the above unless the effects of the present invention are substantially lost. Examples of such components include dispersants, setting accelerators, setting retarders, thickeners and the like that can be used for mortar and concrete, but are not limited to these examples. Preferably, a dispersant and / or a setting accelerator is used. The dispersant may be a so-called water reducing agent, high performance water reducing agent, high performance AE water reducing agent, AE water reducing agent or fluidizing agent. By using a dispersant, aggregation of cement fine particles and slag fine particles can be suppressed, and clogging due to formation of agglomerates does not occur even in a fine ground gap. The dispersant is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of cement. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the blending effect may not be obtained. Examples of the setting accelerator include alkali metal carbonates, nitrates, aluminates, and the like. The content of the setting accelerator is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the cement contained. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the blending effect cannot be obtained, and gelation may not be accelerated. If the amount exceeds 10 parts by mass, the setting acceleration action is hardly improved, so that it is not appropriate. More preferably, it further contains a setting retarder. By adding a setting retarder, the pot life as an injection material can be secured. Moreover, the kneading time of the aqueous slurry described later can be made longer. The active ingredient species of the setting retarder is not particularly limited. An example is oxycarboxylic acid or a salt thereof. The content of the setting retarder is generally 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the contained cement. If the amount is less than 0.1 parts by mass, the blending effect is not substantially obtained, and an injection material exceeding 10 parts by mass is not suitable because it may flow into the ground without solidifying.
また、本発明のセメント系注入材は、好ましくは、粒径１０．５μｍ以下の粒子が９０体積％以上（１００体積％を含む）、かつ粒径２．２μｍ以下の粒子が４５体積％以下（０体積％を含む）の注入材とする。このような粒度構成の注入材とすることで、例えばシルト、粘土等の間隙が微細な粒子構造の、浸透係数が特に低いと云われる地盤に対しても、良好な浸透性を示すことができる。粒径１０．５μｍ以上の粒子が１０体積％を超える注入材は粗大粒により地盤中の注入経路が閉塞され、注入に支障をきたす虞がある。また、２．２μｍ以下の粒子が４５体積％を超えて存在すると、微粒子凝集体が形成され易く、比較的浸透係数の低い地盤への注入浸透性が低下する虞れがある。 In the cement-based injection material of the present invention, preferably, particles having a particle size of 10.5 μm or less are 90% by volume or more (including 100% by volume) and particles having a particle size of 2.2 μm or less are 45% by volume or less ( (Including 0% by volume). By using an injection material having such a particle size structure, for example, a fine particle structure such as silt, clay, etc., and even a ground having a particularly low permeability coefficient can exhibit good permeability. . An injection material in which particles having a particle size of 10.5 μm or more exceed 10% by volume may block the injection path in the ground due to coarse particles, which may hinder the injection. On the other hand, if particles of 2.2 μm or less are present in an amount exceeding 45% by volume, fine particle aggregates are likely to be formed, and there is a possibility that the injection permeability into the ground having a relatively low permeability coefficient may be reduced.
また、本発明のセメント系注入材は、上記の含有成分と水が全て一括で含まれた状態の水性スラリーである所謂一剤型注入材であっても、特定の成分群からなる二種類の水性スラリーから構成される所謂二剤型注入材の何れであっても良い。好ましくは練り置き時間を確保しやすいことから二剤型注入材とする。二剤型注入材の場合、一方の水性スラリー（水性スラリーＡ）にはセメント微粉及びスラグ微粉を含有し、もう一方の水性スラリー（水性スラリーＢ）にはカルシウムミネート及び石膏類を含有する。個々の成分の含有量は一材型にしたときと同様とする。各水性スラリーの水の配合量は、それぞれ含有する全固形分（粉体分）質量１００質量部に対し、概ね５０〜１０００質量部とする。また、二剤型注入材でアルカリ金属硫酸塩を含有する場合は水性スラリーＡに、分散剤を含有する場合も水性スラリーＡに、また凝結促進剤や遅延剤を含有する場合は水性スラリーＢに、それぞれ所定量を配合する。これら以外の任意配合成分については、その目的、作用効能等に応じて適宜配合先を決定すれば良い。二剤型注入材は、例えば公知の１．５ショット又は２ショット用の注入設備を用い、注入直前又は注入時に両スラリーを十分混合する。 Further, the cement-based injecting material of the present invention is a so-called one-component type injecting material that is an aqueous slurry in which all of the above-mentioned components and water are contained all at once. Any of so-called two-part injection materials composed of an aqueous slurry may be used. Preferably, a two-part injection material is used because it is easy to secure the kneading time. In the case of the two-component type injection material, one aqueous slurry (aqueous slurry A) contains cement fine powder and slag fine powder, and the other aqueous slurry (aqueous slurry B) contains calcium minate and gypsum. The content of each component is the same as that of a single material type. The amount of water in each aqueous slurry is approximately 50 to 1000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the total solid content (powder content) contained therein. In addition, when the two-component type injection material contains an alkali metal sulfate, it is in the aqueous slurry A, when it contains a dispersant, it is also in the aqueous slurry A, and when it contains a setting accelerator or retarder, it is in the aqueous slurry B. In each case, a predetermined amount is blended. As for optional blending components other than these, the blending destination may be appropriately determined in accordance with the purpose, action effect, and the like. As the two-part injection material, for example, a known 1.5-shot or 2-shot injection equipment is used, and both slurries are sufficiently mixed immediately before or at the time of injection.
常温環境下で次のＣ〜Ｇから選定される材料と水を使用し、表１で表される配合となるようグラウトミキサで混合し、水性スラリーＡを作製した。併せＨ〜Ｊ２から選定される材料と水を使用し、表１で表される配合となるよう同様に水性スラリーＢを作製した。尚、使用材料の粒度調整はボールミルと分級機を用いて行った。 A material selected from the following C to G and water were used in a normal temperature environment and mixed with a grout mixer so as to have the composition shown in Table 1 to prepare an aqueous slurry A. A material selected from H to J2 and water were also used, and an aqueous slurry B was prepared in the same manner so as to achieve the formulation shown in Table 1. The particle size of the material used was adjusted using a ball mill and a classifier.
Ｃ；普通ポルトランドセメント微粉（ブレーン比表面積９５００ｃｍ2／ｇ、最大粒径１２．５μｍ、太平洋セメント社製）
Ｄ；高炉水砕スラグ微粉（ブレーン比表面積９５００ｃｍ2／ｇ、最大粒径１２．５μｍ、市販品）
Ｅ１；硫酸ナトリウム（市販試薬）
Ｅ２；硫酸リチウム（市販試薬）
Ｆ；硫酸第一鉄（市販試薬）
Ｇ；分散剤（商品名「太平洋コアフロー５５」、太平洋マテリアル社製）
Ｈ；ＩＩ型無水石膏（ブレーン比表面積７０００ｃｍ2／ｇ、最大粒径２１μｍ、市販品）
Ｉ；カルシウムアルミネート（構成化学成分ＣａＯ／Ａｌ2Ｏ3のモル比１２／７、ガラス化率＞９９％、ブレーン比表面積５５００ｃｍ2／ｇ、試製品）
Ｊ１；アルミン酸ナトリウム（市販試薬）
Ｊ２；クエン酸（市販試薬）
C: Ordinary Portland cement fine powder (Blaine specific surface area 9500 cm 2 / g, maximum particle size 12.5 μm, manufactured by Taiheiyo Cement)
D: Granulated blast furnace slag fine powder (Blaine specific surface area 9500 cm 2 / g, maximum particle size 12.5 μm, commercial product)
E1; Sodium sulfate (commercially available reagent)
E2: Lithium sulfate (commercially available reagent)
F: Ferrous sulfate (commercially available reagent)
G: Dispersant (trade name “Pacific Core Flow 55”, manufactured by Taiheiyo Materials Co., Ltd.)
H; Type II anhydrous gypsum (Brain specific surface area 7000 cm 2 / g, maximum particle size 21 μm, commercially available product)
I: Calcium aluminate (constituent chemical component CaO / Al 2 O 3 molar ratio 12/7, vitrification rate> 99%, Blaine specific surface area 5500 cm 2 / g, trial product)
J1; sodium aluminate (commercially available reagent)
J2: Citric acid (commercially available reagent)
作製した水性スラリーＡ及びＢを用い、注入材として次の評価を行った。尚、各評価結果は表２に纏めて表す。 Using the produced aqueous slurries A and B, the following evaluation was performed as an injection material. Each evaluation result is summarized in Table 2.
［ゲル化時間］ 常温環境の屋内で、水性スラリーＡ及びＢを作製後、別個の計量カップに等容積量ずつ採取した。採取後の両者を混合し、混合スラリーを直ちに２００ｃｃの円筒計量カップに充満させた。該混合スラリー入りカップを水平に傾倒しても、スラリーがカップから流れでなくなるまでの時間をもってゲル化時間とした。 [Gelling time] After producing aqueous slurries A and B indoors in a room temperature environment, they were collected in equal volume by separate measuring cups. Both samples after collection were mixed, and the mixed slurry was immediately filled into a 200 cc cylindrical measuring cup. Even when the cup containing the mixed slurry was tilted horizontally, the time until the slurry stopped flowing from the cup was defined as the gel time.
［圧縮強度］ 常温環境の屋内で、水性スラリーＡ及びＢを作製後、両者を等容積量混合して得た混合スラリーを用い、ＪＩＳ Ａ １２１６「土の一軸圧縮試験方法」に準じた方法で混合スラリーが硬化した試験体を作製し、材齢６時間の圧縮強度を計測した。 [Compressive strength] After producing aqueous slurries A and B indoors in a room temperature environment, using a mixed slurry obtained by mixing an equal volume amount of both, in accordance with JIS A 1216 "Soil uniaxial compression test method" A test body in which the mixed slurry was cured was prepared, and the compressive strength at an age of 6 hours was measured.
［６価クロム溶出量］ 水性スラリーＡ及びＢを作製後、両者を等質量混合して得た混合スラリーに対し、環境庁告示第４６号に準じた方法で材齢６時間のＣｒ6+の溶出量を測定した。 [Amount of elution of hexavalent chromium] After preparing aqueous slurries A and B, the mixed slurry obtained by mixing them in equal mass was mixed with Cr 6+ having a material age of 6 hours by a method according to Environment Agency Notification No. 46. The amount of elution was measured.
［注入浸透性］ 常温環境の屋内で、水性スラリーＡ及びＢを作製後、両者を等容積量混合して得た混合スラリー２００ｃｃを、ＪＳＣＥ−Ｆ５２２で規定された砂を充満させた直径５ｃｍ×高さ１５ｃｍの円筒状ポリエチレンチューブに流し込み、該ポリエチレンチューブを垂直に吊した状態で２時間静置した。静置後、ポリエチレンチューブから硬化した部分を慎重に取り出し、その長さを測定し、浸透長さとした。浸透長さが７．５ｃｍ以上となった注入材を浸透性「良好」と判断し、それ以外の状況となったものを浸透性「不良」と判断した。 [Injection permeability] After producing aqueous slurries A and B indoors in a room temperature environment, 200 cc of mixed slurry obtained by mixing an equal volume of both was filled with sand specified by JSCE-F522. It was poured into a cylindrical polyethylene tube having a height of 15 cm, and the polyethylene tube was allowed to stand for 2 hours in a state of being suspended vertically. After standing, the cured part was carefully removed from the polyethylene tube, and its length was measured to determine the penetration length. The injection material having a permeation length of 7.5 cm or more was judged as “permeability”, and those other than that were judged as “poor”.
表２の結果から、本発明の注入材は、超微粒子セメント系注入材としての要求性状は何等損なうことなく、従来のものよりも高い初期強度発現性とより強力な６価クロム抑制効果が得られていることがわかる。 From the results of Table 2, the injection material of the present invention has higher initial strength development and stronger hexavalent chromium suppression effect than the conventional one without losing any required properties as an ultrafine cementitious injection material. You can see that
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| KR101904925B1 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-10-05 | 주식회사 삼표산업 | Cement-based gelling material composition and ground reinforcement method using the same |
| JP2019119647A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-22 | 株式会社デイ・シイ | Hydraulic composition |
| JP2020164334A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Grout composition, and grout |
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| JP2017082092A (en) * | 2015-10-28 | 2017-05-18 | デンカ株式会社 | Soil pavement material |
| KR101904925B1 (en) * | 2017-05-25 | 2018-10-05 | 주식회사 삼표산업 | Cement-based gelling material composition and ground reinforcement method using the same |
| JP2019119647A (en) * | 2018-01-05 | 2019-07-22 | 株式会社デイ・シイ | Hydraulic composition |
| JP7090978B2 (en) | 2018-01-05 | 2022-06-27 | 株式会社デイ・シイ | Hydraulic composition |
| JP2020164334A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2020-10-08 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Grout composition, and grout |
| JP7150405B2 (en) | 2019-03-28 | 2022-10-11 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | Grout composition and grout |
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