JP2013116033A - Power supply device - Google Patents

Power supply device Download PDF

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JP2013116033A
JP2013116033A JP2011275033A JP2011275033A JP2013116033A JP 2013116033 A JP2013116033 A JP 2013116033A JP 2011275033 A JP2011275033 A JP 2011275033A JP 2011275033 A JP2011275033 A JP 2011275033A JP 2013116033 A JP2013116033 A JP 2013116033A
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power
secondary battery
load
conditioner
power supply
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Yoshiaki Tadatsu
嘉昭 只津
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Toshiba IT and Control Systems Corp
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Toshiba IT and Control Systems Corp
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Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power supply device that is provided with a secondary battery and can stably supply power to an AC load.SOLUTION: A power supply device includes: a secondary battery power conditioner 2 that is connected to a power system 1 and converts AC power into DC power; a controller 4 that determines a requested power value with respect to the power system 1 and controls the secondary battery power conditioner 2; a secondary battery 3 that is connected to a secondary side of the secondary battery power conditioner 2 and performs charging/discharging of the DC power; and a residential load power conditioner 5 that is connected to the secondary battery 3 in parallel, converts the DC power into the AC power and has power adjustment function for controlling power supplied in response to power consumption of a residential load 6 connected to a secondary side thereof.

Description

本発明は、負荷に安定した電力を供給する電力供給装置に関する。  The present invention relates to a power supply device that supplies stable power to a load.

近年、系統からの電力供給が事故や災害または計画停電などの要因により、負荷に対して安定的に電力の供給を受けられない事態に備えて、蓄電池（二次電池）および太陽電池、燃料電池などの分散電源を備えた電力供給装置が提案されている（例えば、特許文献１参照。）。  In recent years, storage batteries (secondary batteries), solar cells, and fuel cells have been prepared for situations in which power supply from the grid cannot be stably supplied with power due to accidents, disasters, or planned power outages. There has been proposed a power supply device including a distributed power source (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特許文献１の電力供給装置において、蓄電池を含む分散電源は、蓄電池を充電するための充電装置と、蓄電池から放電される電力を配電路へ送出させるための放電装置と、充電装置の充電動作および放電装置の放電動作を制御するための制御装置とを備えている。そして、制御装置は充電装置を制御して電力系統または太陽電池や燃料電池などの分散電源から給電される電力を蓄電池に充電する一方、必要に応じて放電装置を制御して蓄電池から負荷へ給電している。  In the power supply device of Patent Document 1, a distributed power source including a storage battery includes a charging device for charging the storage battery, a discharging device for sending power discharged from the storage battery to the distribution path, a charging operation of the charging device, and And a control device for controlling the discharge operation of the discharge device. The control device controls the charging device to charge the storage battery with power supplied from the power system or a distributed power source such as a solar cell or a fuel cell, while controlling the discharging device to supply power from the storage battery to the load as necessary. doing.

特開２００９−１５９７３０号公報JP 2009-159730 A

ところで、一般住宅における負荷は、いわゆる家電製品が主であって交流電力により駆動するものがほとんどである。しかしながら、特許文献１においては、直流電力に対する負荷にのみ対応しているため一般住宅には不向きである。  By the way, most of the loads in ordinary houses are so-called home appliances and are driven by AC power. However, in patent document 1, since it respond | corresponds only to the load with respect to DC electric power, it is unsuitable for a general house.

そこで、本発明は、交流負荷に安定して電力供給できる二次電池を備えた電力供給装置を提供することを目的とする。  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the electric power supply apparatus provided with the secondary battery which can supply electric power stably to alternating current load.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の電力供給装置は、電力系統と、前記電力系統に接続され交流電力を直流電力へ変換する交流直流変換手段と、前記電力系統に対する要求電力値を決定し前記交流直流変換手段を制御する制御手段と、前記交流直流変換手段の二次側に接続され直流電力を充放電する二次電池と、前記二次電池と並列に接続され、直流電力を交流電力へ変換し、二次側に接続された負荷の消費電力に応じて供給する電力を制御する電力調整機能を有する第一の直流交流変換手段とを有することを特徴としている。  To achieve the above object, a power supply apparatus according to the present invention determines a power system, AC / DC conversion means connected to the power system for converting AC power into DC power, and a required power value for the power system. Control means for controlling the AC / DC conversion means, a secondary battery connected to the secondary side of the AC / DC conversion means and charging / discharging DC power, connected in parallel with the secondary battery, and converting DC power to AC power And a first DC / AC converter having a power adjustment function for controlling the power supplied in accordance with the power consumption of the load connected to the secondary side.

本発明によれば、電力系統がダウンしても交流負荷に対して停電すること無く電力を供給することができる。  According to the present invention, electric power can be supplied without power failure to an AC load even when the power system is down.

本発明によれば、交流負荷に安定して電力供給できる二次電池を備えた電力供給装置を提供することができる。  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the electric power supply apparatus provided with the secondary battery which can supply electric power stably to alternating current load can be provided.

本発明の実施形態に係る電力供給装置を示す図。The figure which shows the electric power supply apparatus which concerns on embodiment of this invention.

以下、本発明の実施形態について、図面を用いて詳細に説明する。  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

（１．本実施形態の構成と作用）
図１は、本発明の実施形態に係る電力供給装置を示したものである。１は一般住宅等へ交流電力を供給する電力系統である。２は電力系統１から供給される交流電力を二次電池３へ充電等するために直流電力へ変換する二次電池用パワーコンディショナ（交流直流変換手段）である。パワーコンディショナは、交流を直流へ、あるいは直流を交流へ効率よく変換する装置で、内部にマイコン基盤（不図示）を有している。このマイコンにより、パワーコンディショナの入力および出力の電力、電流、電圧、周波数、力率等の各種値を制御する。(1. Configuration and operation of this embodiment)
FIG. 1 shows a power supply apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 1 denotes a power system that supplies AC power to a general house. Reference numeral 2 denotes a secondary battery power conditioner (AC / DC conversion means) that converts AC power supplied from the power system 1 into DC power for charging the secondary battery 3 or the like. The power conditioner is an apparatus that efficiently converts alternating current into direct current or direct current into alternating current, and has a microcomputer base (not shown) inside. This microcomputer controls various values such as power, current, voltage, frequency, and power factor of the input and output of the power conditioner.

コントローラ４（制御手段）は、電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣ（要求電力値）を決定し、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２に対して設定する。二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２とコントローラは、例えばＲＳ−２３２Ｃ通信により接続され、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２に内蔵されたマイコンに対して指令を与えることにより二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２に対して電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣを設定する。コントローラ４は、例えば各機器との入出力インターフェースを有し、ＣＰＵがプログラムに基づいて実施する機能を有するプログラマブルロジックコントローラー（ＰＬＣ）で実現することができる。あるいは、コントローラ４の機能をマイコン基盤にて実装し、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２に内蔵するようにしても良い。The controller 4 (control means) determines the received power W C (required power value) from the power system 1 and sets it for the secondary battery power conditioner 2. The secondary battery power conditioner 2 and the controller are connected by, for example, RS-232C communication, and a secondary battery power conditioner 2 is provided by giving a command to the microcomputer built in the secondary battery power conditioner 2. setting the receiving power W C from power system 1 against. The controller 4 has an input / output interface with each device, for example, and can be realized by a programmable logic controller (PLC) having a function performed by the CPU based on a program. Alternatively, the function of the controller 4 may be mounted on a microcomputer base and incorporated in the secondary battery power conditioner 2.

二次電池３は、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２の二次側に接続され充放電を行う。二次電池３は、例えばリチウムイオン電池、鉛蓄電池、ナトリウム硫黄電池、ニッケル水素電池等の二次電池で実現できる。  The secondary battery 3 is connected to the secondary side of the secondary battery power conditioner 2 and performs charging and discharging. The secondary battery 3 can be realized by a secondary battery such as a lithium ion battery, a lead storage battery, a sodium sulfur battery, or a nickel metal hydride battery.

５は住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ（第一の直流交流変換手段）で、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２の２次側に二次電池３と並列に接続される。住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５は、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２の出力直流電力および二次電池３の放電直流電力を交流電力へ変換し、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２と同じようにマイコン基盤（不図示）を内蔵している。このマイコンにより住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５は住宅負荷６の消費電力に応じた電力を出力するよう制御される（電力調整機能）。このような制御は自立運転機能とも呼ばれる。  Reference numeral 5 denotes a residential load power conditioner (first DC / AC conversion means), which is connected in parallel with the secondary battery 3 on the secondary side of the secondary battery power conditioner 2. The residential load power conditioner 5 converts the output DC power of the secondary battery power conditioner 2 and the discharge DC power of the secondary battery 3 into AC power, and the microcomputer is the same as the power conditioner 2 for the secondary battery. Built-in base (not shown). The microcomputer controls the residential load power conditioner 5 to output power corresponding to the power consumption of the residential load 6 (power adjustment function). Such control is also called a self-sustaining operation function.

二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２と住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５の相違点は、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２は交流を直流へ、住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５は直流を交流へ、という変換方向の違いの他に、二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２は電力系統１からの受入電力を設定して動作するのに対し、住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５は住宅負荷６の消費電力に対応した出力電力を制御して動作するという相違がある。  The difference between the secondary battery power conditioner 2 and the residential load power conditioner 5 is that the secondary battery power conditioner 2 converts AC to DC, and the residential load power conditioner 5 converts DC to AC. In addition to the difference in direction, the power conditioner 2 for the secondary battery operates by setting the power received from the power system 1, while the power conditioner 5 for the house load corresponds to the power consumption of the house load 6. There is a difference that it operates by controlling the output power.

住宅負荷６は、例えば冷蔵庫やテレビ、エアコン、電子レンジ等の交流電力により駆動する所謂、一般家電製品全般が対象となる。  The house load 6 is a general so-called general household electrical appliance driven by AC power such as a refrigerator, a television, an air conditioner, and a microwave oven.

次に、電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣと二次電池充放電電力ＷＢと住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬの関係について説明する。なお、説明を分かり易くするため二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２と住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５の変換効率は１００％と仮定する。Next, a description will be given of the relationship of the receiving power W C and a secondary battery charge-discharge electric power W B and residential load power W L from the power system 1. For easy understanding, it is assumed that the conversion efficiency of the secondary battery power conditioner 2 and the residential load power conditioner 5 is 100%.

二次電池３に充電をする場合は、電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣを住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬよりも大きな値になるようにすれば良く、その場合の充電電力は、
ＷＢ＝ＷＣ−ＷＬ ・・・（１）
となる。つまり、住宅負荷６の消費電力に応じた住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬを、住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５は電力調整機能により出力し、そしてＷＣがＷＬより大きければ、その差分のＷＢが二次電池３への充電電力となる。If the charging to the secondary battery 3 may be a receiving power W C from electric power system 1 as to be greater than residential load power W L, the charging power of the case,
W B = W C −W L (1)
It becomes. In other words, the housing load power W L according to the power consumption of the residential load 6, residential load power conditioner 5 is output by the power adjusting function, and if W C is greater than W L, is W B of the difference It becomes the charging power to the secondary battery 3.

二次電池３が放電をする場合は、住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬが電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣよりも大きくなる場合で、その差を満たすよう二次電池３は放電し、その放電電力は、
ＷＢ＝ＷＬ−ＷＣ ・・・（２）
となる。さらに、電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣを０にした場合は、住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬを二次電池３のみで賄うことになり、
ＷＢ＝ＷＬ ・・・（３）
となる。When the secondary battery 3 to the discharge, in the case where housing the load power W L is greater than the acceptance power W C from power system 1, the secondary battery 3 so as to meet the difference is discharged, the discharge power Is
W B = W L −W C (2)
It becomes. Further, when the receiving power W C from power system 1 to 0, will be covered the house load power W L only in the secondary battery 3,
W B = W L (3)
It becomes.

二次電池３に対し充電するか放電するかは、コントローラ４から二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２に対し受入電力ＷＣを設定することにより任意に行うことができる。受入電力ＷＣの値は、住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬ、二次電池３の電池残量、時間帯等の種々の要素を考慮して決定すれば良く、例えばコントローラ４にてプログラムを構築し、所定の条件に従って求出することができる。Or discharged or charged to the secondary battery 3 can be arbitrarily carried out by setting the receiving power W C from controller 4 to the power conditioner 2 for a secondary battery. The value of the receiving power W C is constructed house load power W L, the remaining battery level of the rechargeable battery 3 may be determined in consideration of the various elements of the time zones such as, for example, a program in the controller 4, It can be obtained according to predetermined conditions.

住宅負荷６の消費電力は電力計７にて検出し、二次電池３の電池残量は電池残量計８にて検出し、それをコントローラ４に取り込めば、それぞれの測定値を受入電力ＷＣの求出条件に使用することができる。電池残量は、通常、直接計測することが困難なため、二次電池３の入力電流および出力電流を積算することにより求めることができる。The power consumption of the house load 6 is detected by the wattmeter 7, the remaining battery level of the secondary battery 3 is detected by the battery gauge 8, and if it is taken into the controller 4, each measured value is received power W It can be used for C seeking conditions. Since the battery remaining amount is usually difficult to measure directly, it can be obtained by integrating the input current and output current of the secondary battery 3.

図１の本発明の実施形態によれば、さらに、太陽電池９（発電手段）で発電した電力を太陽電池用パワーコンディショナ１０により直流から交流へ変換し、電力系統１へ発電電力を供給している（売電）。太陽電池９の発電電力は電力計１２にて測定されコントローラ４へ取り込まれる。これにより、太陽電池９の発電電力も考慮して電力系統１からの受入電力ＷＣを決定でき、前述の住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬ、二次電池３の電池残量、時間帯に加えて種々の条件で受入電力ＷＣを決定することができる。例えば、天候が晴れで太陽電池９の発電量が多いときは二次電池３への充電および電力系統１に対しての売電量を多くし、夜間の住宅負荷６の消費電力が多くなれば電力系統１からの電力と昼間に充電した二次電池３の放電電力を使用して電力系統１の使用電力を抑え、就寝時の夜中に電力系統１の使用電気代が安価な時間帯を利用して二次電池３を充電するといった運転パターンを実現することができる。また、天気予報に合わせた運転パターンをコントローラ４に設定すればさらに効率良い運転をすることができる。According to the embodiment of the present invention of FIG. 1, the power generated by the solar cell 9 (power generation means) is further converted from direct current to alternating current by the solar cell power conditioner 10, and the generated power is supplied to the power system 1. (Power sale). The generated power of the solar cell 9 is measured by the wattmeter 12 and taken into the controller 4. Thus, the electric power generated by the solar battery 9 can also determine the receiving power W C from electric power system 1 in consideration of the aforementioned housing load power W L, the remaining battery level of the secondary battery 3, in addition to time zone different it is possible to determine the receiving power W C in conditions. For example, when the weather is fine and the amount of power generated by the solar cell 9 is large, the amount of power charged to the secondary battery 3 and the amount of power sold to the power system 1 is increased. Using power from system 1 and discharge power of secondary battery 3 charged in the daytime to reduce power consumption of power system 1, and use a time zone where the electricity cost of power system 1 is low during the night of bedtime Thus, an operation pattern in which the secondary battery 3 is charged can be realized. Further, if an operation pattern according to the weather forecast is set in the controller 4, more efficient driving can be performed.

なお、本実施形態では、発電手段として太陽電池による太陽光発電を例としているが、燃料発電や風力発電などの発電手段でも同様の効果を得ることができる。  In this embodiment, solar power generation using a solar cell is taken as an example of power generation means, but the same effect can be obtained with power generation means such as fuel power generation or wind power generation.

また、図１の本発明の実施形態によれば、住宅負荷６と住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５との間に切替スイッチ（切替手段）１３を設け、電力系統１から直接給電できるようにしている。これは、例えば住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５が故障した場合にも住宅負荷６へ電力供給することができるようにするためである。切替スイッチ１３の切替は手動でも良いし、住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５等の故障信号を検出することにより、所定の条件によって自動で切替えても良い。  Further, according to the embodiment of the present invention of FIG. 1, a changeover switch (switching means) 13 is provided between the residential load 6 and the residential load power conditioner 5 so that power can be directly supplied from the power system 1. . This is to allow power to be supplied to the residential load 6 even when the residential load power conditioner 5 fails, for example. The changeover switch 13 may be switched manually, or may be automatically switched according to a predetermined condition by detecting a failure signal of the residential load power conditioner 5 or the like.

また、本発明は、上記実施の形態に限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々変形して実施することが可能である。  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

（２．本実施形態の効果）
以上述べた実施形態によれば、以下の効果を得ることができる。(2. Effects of this embodiment)
According to the embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.

（１）電力系統１がダウンしても、二次電池３により住宅負荷６に対して電力供給ができるため、住宅負荷６が停電することなく安定した電力を供給することができる。(1) Since the secondary battery 3 can supply power to the residential load 6 even when the power system 1 is down, stable power can be supplied without the residential load 6 being interrupted.

（２）住宅負荷消費電力ＷＬ、二次電池３の電池残量、時間帯、天候などを要素とした運転パターンを設定することにより、効率良い電力供給が可能となる。(2) Housing load power W L, the remaining battery level of the secondary battery 3, the time zone, by setting the operation pattern with the elements such as the weather, it is possible efficient power supply.

（３）二次電池用パワーコンディショナ２は電力系統１から供給される一方向のみを扱えば良いので、電力系統１への逆潮流を考慮しなくても良い。(3) Since the secondary battery power conditioner 2 only needs to handle one direction supplied from the power system 1, it is not necessary to consider the reverse power flow to the power system 1.

（４）切替スイッチ１３を設けることにより、住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ５等が故障したときであっても電力系統１から直接、住宅負荷６へ電力供給できるため、安定した電力供給が可能となる。(4) By providing the changeover switch 13, even when the housing load power conditioner 5 or the like is out of order, power can be directly supplied from the power system 1 to the housing load 6, so that stable power supply is possible. .

１ 電力系統
２ 二次電池用パワーコンディショナ
３ 二次電池
４ コントローラ
５ 住宅負荷用パワーコンディショナ
６ 住宅負荷
７ 電力計
８ 電池残量計
９ 太陽電池
１０ 太陽電池用パワーコンディショナ
１２ 電力計
１３ 切替スイッチDESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electric power system 2 Secondary battery power conditioner 3 Secondary battery 4 Controller 5 Residential load power conditioner 6 Residential load 7 Wattmeter 8 Battery level gauge 9 Solar battery 10 Solar battery power conditioner 12 Wattmeter 13 switching switch

Claims (4)

電力系統と、
前記電力系統に接続され交流電力を直流電力へ変換する交流直流変換手段と、
前記電力系統に対する要求電力値を決定し前記交流直流変換手段を制御する制御手段と、
前記交流直流変換手段の二次側に接続され直流電力を充放電する二次電池と、
前記二次電池と並列に接続され、直流電力を交流電力へ変換し、二次側に接続された負荷の消費電力に応じて供給する電力を制御する電力調整機能を有する第一の直流交流変換手段とを有することを特徴とする電力供給装置。A power system;
AC / DC conversion means connected to the power system for converting AC power to DC power;
Control means for determining a required power value for the power system and controlling the AC / DC conversion means;
A secondary battery connected to the secondary side of the AC to DC conversion means for charging and discharging DC power;
A first DC / AC converter that is connected in parallel with the secondary battery, converts DC power to AC power, and has a power adjustment function that controls power supplied according to power consumption of a load connected to the secondary side. And a power supply device. 直流電力を発電する発電手段と、
前記発電手段で発電された直流電力を交流電力へ変換する第二の直流交流変換手段と、
前記第二の直流交流変換手段の二次側を前記電力系統へ接続した請求項１に記載の電力供給装置。Power generation means for generating DC power;
Second DC / AC conversion means for converting DC power generated by the power generation means into AC power;
The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a secondary side of the second DC / AC conversion means is connected to the power system. 前記制御手段は、前記負荷の消費電力と前記発電手段の発電電力とを基に前記電力系統に対する要求電力値を決定する請求項２に記載の電力供給装置。  The power supply device according to claim 2, wherein the control unit determines a required power value for the power system based on power consumption of the load and generated power of the power generation unit. 前記第一の直流交流変換手段と前記負荷との間に切替手段を有し、
前記切替手段は、前記第一の直流交流変換手段または前記電力系統から前記負荷への電力供給を切替える請求項１乃至請求項３のいずれか１項に記載の電力供給装置。Having a switching means between the first DC / AC converting means and the load;
4. The power supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the switching unit switches power supply from the first DC / AC conversion unit or the power system to the load. 5.
JP2011275033A 2011-11-30 2011-11-30 Power supply device Pending JP2013116033A (en)

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Cited By (3)

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CN103986226A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air conditioner, and power supply system and power supply method thereof
WO2017141350A1 (en) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-24 Ｃｏｎｎｅｘｘ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ株式会社 Semi-independent power supply-type power storage device
JP2021065058A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-22 ニチコン株式会社 Power storage device and power storage system

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JP2003348768A (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Unieterruptible power supply unit
JP2011182503A (en) * 2010-02-26 2011-09-15 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Energy storage system

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JP2002281693A (en) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-27 Shin Kobe Electric Mach Co Ltd Power storage system
JP2003348768A (en) * 2002-05-24 2003-12-05 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Unieterruptible power supply unit
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103986226A (en) * 2014-06-06 2014-08-13 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air conditioner, and power supply system and power supply method thereof
CN103986226B (en) * 2014-06-06 2016-08-17 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 Air-conditioning and electric power system thereof and method of supplying power to
WO2017141350A1 (en) * 2016-02-16 2017-08-24 Ｃｏｎｎｅｘｘ Ｓｙｓｔｅｍｓ株式会社 Semi-independent power supply-type power storage device
JP2021065058A (en) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-22 ニチコン株式会社 Power storage device and power storage system
JP7303721B2 (en) 2019-10-16 2023-07-05 ニチコン株式会社 Power storage device and power storage system

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