CN104716655A - Control system for improving grid connection point power factor of photovoltaic storage battery grid-connected inverter - Google Patents
Control system for improving grid connection point power factor of photovoltaic storage battery grid-connected inverter Download PDFInfo
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- CN104716655A CN104716655A CN201410697362.0A CN201410697362A CN104716655A CN 104716655 A CN104716655 A CN 104716655A CN 201410697362 A CN201410697362 A CN 201410697362A CN 104716655 A CN104716655 A CN 104716655A
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- power
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- inverter
- power factor
- storage battery
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013084 building-integrated photovoltaic technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H02J3/385—
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of new energy power generation control application, and relates to a control system for improving the grid connection point power factor of a photovoltaic storage battery grid-connected inverter, in particular to the control system based on layering. The control system comprises an upper layer control part and a bottom layer control part. The upper layer control part is used for system working mode selection, lower layer controller parameter giving and the like, and the lower layer control part is used for storage battery charge-discharge control and inverter inner and outer loop control. The control system is characterized in that the control system achieves flexible control inverter active and reactive output according to the current sampled data (photovoltaic cell maximum power, load power and mains supply power) and the system rated capacity, namely, the active power is output as far as possible, and meanwhile the grid connection point power factor can be improved by providing reactive power; the mode switching between a power outer loop and an MPPT outer loop is controlled, so that the inner loop current is controlled indirectly, and the system capacity can be prevented from being of limit. Through the storage battery charge-discharge mode, the utilization rate of a photovoltaic cell is improved, and all-day continuous operation of the system is achieved. The control strategy is based on a Matlab2013b simulation environment and a dSPACE1103 controller, and the functions of theoretical verification, model off-line debugging, parameter on-line proving, real-time monitoring and the like are achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to generation of electricity by new energy and control application, be specifically related to a kind of combining inverter and improve and site power factor controlling system.
Background technology
Along with the continuous improvement of photovoltaic power generation technology and grid-connected scale constantly expand, photovoltaic generation is just progressively broken away from and is relied on government subsidy and demonstration project pattern to commercialized development.Simultaneously because generation of electricity by new energy is to the continuous increase of the permeability of electrical network, it more and more be can not ignore the impact of electrical network, the maintenance cost of electrical network is also increasing, and therefore it should play an active part in electric network coordination construction and management and running, realizes providing powerful support for and supplementing to electrical network.The intermittence of wind-powered electricity generation, solar power generation also brings contradiction, has had higher requirement to energy storage technology.Present bright prospects with the BIPV that home unit and urban architecture are carrier, with island micro-capacitance sensor independent operating system for example management systems presents typical microgrid management system.Simultaneously Parallel Problem arises at the historic moment, and some areas photovoltaic plant is asynchronous with supporting power grid construction, project management is lack of standardization, the problem of standard and quality management weakness is also very outstanding, and ubiquity abandons optical phenomenon.Be that the distributed power generation EMS of representative demands perfection urgently with micro-capacitance sensor.The maximum obstacle of restriction photovoltaic generation is still its high cost of electricity-generating compared with conventional electric power, and while improving constantly generating efficiency, therefore making full use of himself generating feature, to improve utilization rate of equipment and installations be also one of current research focus.Distributed power generation utilizes own characteristic, and practical function diversification, electricity consumption flexibly, make full use of equipment of itself to reduce cost of electricity-generating.
Summary of the invention
The present invention answers the demand of photovoltaic generation own characteristic and system cloud gray model solution just, for problems such as photovoltaic plant economical operation feasibilities, propose a kind of photovoltaic storage battery combining inverter to improve and site power factor controlling system, a kind of muti-layer control tactics is provided, in conjunction with batteries to store energy management and circuit control device part with also site power factor and system conditions for foundation, the control of control inverter power outer shroud and MPPT control the method that given alternating current inner ring controls to realize inverter control, reach flexible control inverter power stage and dynamically improve and site power factor.For this reason, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of photovoltaic storage battery combining inverter improves and site power factor controlling system, specifically provide a kind of based on hierarchy system, control system comprises top level control and bottom control, and wherein top level control is that system operating mode is selected, lower floor's controller parameter is given; Lower floor controls as accumulator cell charging and discharging control, inverter inner and outer ring control.Control system according to present sample data (maximum power of photovoltaic cell, load power, mains supply power) and system nominal capacity, realize flexible control inverter export active reactive namely at active power of output as far as possible simultaneously by providing reactive power to improve and site power factor.Switching circular current in control indirectly by the inter mode controlling power outer shroud and MPPT outer shroud avoids power system capacity out-of-limit.Utilize accumulator cell charging and discharging to improve photovoltaic cell utilance and realize system whole day and run without interruption.
Described power system capacity is 100kVA, and site power factor standard is 0.85, and battery capacity is 800Ah.
Described control objectives is for ensureing and active power of output as far as possible premised on the power factor of site.Wherein utilize accumulator cell charging and discharging to improve photovoltaic cell utilance and realize system uninterrupted operation and provide reactive power compensation in real time.
Described emulation platform is Matlab/Simulink, and experimental system is based on the checking of dSPACE1103 realization theory and on-line debugging.
Specifically, there is following technology beneficial effect:
1) in system cloud gray model, utilization rate of equipment and installations is high;
2) bottom control technology is comparatively simple;
3) systems generate electricity cost is reduced;
4) power factor is significantly improved, and user power utilization economic benefit is improved;
5) system improves mains supply ability;
6) controling parameters can be revised online in real time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is based on photovoltaic storage battery power generation system structure figure.
Fig. 2 system cloud gray model flow chart.
Fig. 3 system running pattern switches figure.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is based on photovoltaic storage battery power generation system structure figure, main structure circuit is primarily of photovoltaic cell, storage battery, two-way DC/DC, inverter, subnet load and electrical network etc., and wherein control system comprises top level control and is divided into the selection of data processing, system pattern, energy storage management, parameter calibration, bottom controller selection.Fig. 2 is system cloud gray model flow chart, is first judged and selective system operational mode by data sampling, then selection control provide controller reference value according to formula.Fig. 3 switches and status condition between each operational mode of system.Idiographic flow is as follows:
First, by sampled measurements mains supply power P
g, Q
g, load power P
l, Q
l, maximum power of photovoltaic cell P
mpp, storage battery port voltage U
bat, for different operating condition, by and site power factor meter calculates expectation reactive power Δ Q that inverter exports, inverter exports active reactive power given value P
ref, Q
ref:
(1) when photovoltaic cell Maximum Power Output is greater than 10kW:
1. when and site power factor is greater than 0.85 i.e. Δ Q≤0, invertor operation is under unity power factor state, and photovoltaic cell operates in maximum power point.
2. when and site power factor lower than 0.85 and inverter export apparent power do not reach its rated capacity time, export apparent power and active reactive power relation characteristic from Fig. 3 inverter, now expect reactive power
wherein S is inverter rated capacity; Inverter exports idle equaling and expects reactive power Δ Q, and its size is such as formula shown in (1), and photovoltaic cell operates in maximum power point.
3. when and site power factor lower than 0.85 and inverter export apparent power exceed its rated capacity time, namely
therefore for improving and site power factor, require that inverter sends more reactive power, now inverter active power control model must be switched to permanent real power control by MPPT, increase idle output by reducing inverter active output, wherein inverter exports active reactive power given value P
ref, Q
refbe calculated as follows.Because and site power factor is determined by load and photovoltaic generating system, measures load power Q
l, P
l, then inverter active power reference value is solved.From formula (1), Q
ref=Δ Q=Q
l-P
g *tan (arcos0.85).Now detect storage battery the need of charging, if so, then photovoltaic can be sent electricity remainder and be charged to storage battery as far as possible.
4. when and site power factor lower than 0.85 and Δ Q > S time, load or burden without work demand is comparatively large, and now inverter output reactive power maximum is inverter rated capacity, and inverter exports that to gain merit be 0.I.e. Q
ref=S.Detect storage battery the need of charging simultaneously, if so, then photovoltaic can be sent electricity and be charged to storage battery as far as possible.
(2) at photovoltaic cell due to when illumination is not enough or night, Maximum Power Output was lower than 10kW, be that inversion system is powered by storage battery, ensure that DC bus terminal voltage is in working range, makes inverter can continue to send demand reactive power.
If 1. battery tension U
bat< U
bat min, then system stalls.
2. when and site power factor is greater than 0.85 time Δ Q < 0, inverter exports active reactive and is 0.
3. when inverter power factor is less than 0.85 and inverter exports 0 < Δ Q < S when apparent power does not reach its rated capacity, inverter output reactive power set-point is such as formula shown in (1).
4. when and site power factor lower than 0.85 and inverter export apparent power exceed its rated capacity and Δ Q > S, now inverter output reactive power set-point is Q
ref=S.
Q
ref=ΔQ=Q
L-P
G*tan(arccos0.85) (1)
Wherein, k=tan (arcos0.85), 0≤P
ref≤ S, 0≤Q
ref≤ S.
Claims (5)
1. one kind is improved and site power factor controlling system based on photovoltaic storage battery combining inverter, described control system comprises top level control and lower floor controls: top level control is that selective system pattern and parameter are given, and lower floor controls as accumulator cell charging and discharging controls and inverter inner and outer ring controller.
2. control according to claim 1 adopts hierarchical control thought, takes into full account photovoltaic plant operating condition, with calibrating parameters with adopt data for criterion in real time, and selective system operational mode, each controller parameter of given inner ring P
ref, Q
refand accumulator cell charging and discharging electric current, voltage.
3. power system capacity according to claim 1 is 100kVA, and site power factor standard is 0.85, and battery capacity is 800Ah.
4. to avoid invertor operation out-of-limit for real-time switching inverter control outer shroud MPPT according to claim 1 and PQ controller, namely ensures and active power of output as far as possible premised on the power factor of site.Utilize accumulator cell charging and discharging to improve photovoltaic cell utilance and realize system whole day and run without interruption.
5. emulation platform according to claim 1 is Matlab/Simulink, and experimental system is based on the checking of dSPACE1103 realization theory and on-line debugging.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105305430A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-03 | 重庆大学 | Power quality promotion method of light storage power generation system based on hierarchical control |
CN108539757A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-14 | 北京交通大学 | The reactive power dispatching method of power distribution network light accumulation |
CN110915090A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-03-24 | 戴纳动力有限责任公司 | Method and system for extracting excess power |
-
2014
- 2014-11-24 CN CN201410697362.0A patent/CN104716655A/en active Pending
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
刘东等: ""多功能光伏-蓄电池发电系统为大电网提供频率支撑的仿真设计"", 《天津工业大学学报》 * |
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN105305430A (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2016-02-03 | 重庆大学 | Power quality promotion method of light storage power generation system based on hierarchical control |
CN105305430B (en) * | 2015-11-06 | 2019-05-07 | 重庆大学 | Light based on hierarchical control stores up electricity generation system power quality method for improving |
CN110915090A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2020-03-24 | 戴纳动力有限责任公司 | Method and system for extracting excess power |
CN110915090B (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2023-10-24 | 戴纳动力有限责任公司 | Method and system for extracting redundant power |
US11936187B2 (en) | 2017-05-15 | 2024-03-19 | Dynapower Company Llc | Method and system for extracting excess power |
CN108539757A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-09-14 | 北京交通大学 | The reactive power dispatching method of power distribution network light accumulation |
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Application publication date: 20150617 |