JP2013108665A - Combustion furnace and hot air generating apparatus having the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a hot air generating apparatus having a combustion furnace which improves the combustion efficiency of solid fuel in a grate to carry out the self-sustaining combustion of even solid fuel having a comparatively high moisture content.SOLUTION: The hot air generating apparatus (1) includes a combustion furnace (12) and an oven chamber (10). The oven chamber (10) includes a suction fan (11), a heat exchange ventilation passage (109), and a hot air discharge duct (16). The combustion furnace (12) includes a furnace body (13) and the grate (14) disposed in the furnace body. The grate includes a plurality of grate plates (14a-14f) each of which includes a hole (H) having a different inner diameter and is disposed vertically. Each of the grate plates is disposed so that the inner diameter of the hole (H) of the grate plate at the lower side becomes smaller. Furthermore, a plurality of steps are formed on each grate plate and a gap (153) working as a ventilation portion is formed at an entire periphery between the grate plates.

Description

  The present invention relates to a combustion furnace and a hot air generator provided with the combustion furnace. More specifically, it is a combustion furnace that uses solid fuel such as wood chips as the fuel, and further improves the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel in the rooster apparatus that the combustion furnace has, so that even a solid fuel having a relatively high water content burns itself. The present invention relates to a combustion furnace in which the amount of heat generated by combustion can be used more effectively, and a hot air generator equipped with the same.

  In recent years, attempts have been made to substitute exhaustive energy such as oil with various renewable energies as countermeasures against global warming and the like. In addition, as an accompanying movement, hot air generators that use solid fuel such as wood chips or wood pellets that are processed wood waste materials and thinned wood produced in forest conservation operations are drawing attention.

  As an example of such a warm air generator using solid fuel as a fuel, there is a “hot air heater for a greenhouse” described in Patent Document 1. This heater is used, for example, for heating in greenhouse cultivation, supplies an appropriate amount of wood chips from a wood chip storage tank to a combustion furnace by means of a supply screw and a conveyor, ignites the wood chips and burns them in the combustion furnace. Further, the generated hot air is allowed to flow into the heat exchanger, and the hot air after the heat exchange is blown into the greenhouse to heat the greenhouse.

JP 2008-82567 A

However, the conventional heater has the following problems.
That is, in a combustion furnace, an appropriate amount of wood chips supplied by a supply screw and a conveyor are ignited to cause self-combustion, so that hot air having a combustion temperature of 800 to 900 ° C. flows into the heat exchanger. It has become.

  Thus, in order to self-combust the wood chips deposited in the combustion furnace and maintain this self-combustion state, it is important to continuously and effectively supply air to the combustion section. However, Patent Document 1 does not disclose means for supplying air to the combustion section. If a general rooster (grate) is used, it is difficult to maintain the self-burning state of the wood chip. This tendency is more remarkable when a solid fuel having a relatively high water content is used as the fuel.

(Object of the present invention)
The present invention is a combustion furnace that uses a solid fuel such as a wood chip as a fuel, and further improves the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel in the rooster apparatus of the combustion furnace so that even a solid fuel having a relatively high water content is self-combusted. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a combustion furnace and a hot air generator provided with the combustion furnace that can more effectively use the amount of heat generated by combustion.

  Means taken by the present invention to solve the above problems are as follows.

(1) The present invention
A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
The rooster device is
It has a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions with different inner diameters of the holes,
Each of the rooster plates is arranged so that the inner diameter of the holes of the lower rooster plate is sequentially smaller, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
Between each of the rooster plates, a gap to be a ventilation portion is provided,
It is a combustion furnace.

(2) The present invention
A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
The rooster device is
It has a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions with different inner diameters of the holes,
Each of the rooster plates is arranged so that the inner diameter of the holes of the lower rooster plate is sequentially smaller, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
It comprises a gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap to be a vent formed between the rooster boards by moving the rooster boards in the vertical direction.
It is a combustion furnace.

(3) The present invention
When the rooster device moves each rooster plate in the vertical direction, the telescopic coupling device has a structure that can adjust the interval by linking the rooster plates so that the gaps that serve as ventilation portions are equally spaced from each other. Including,
It is a combustion furnace of said (2).

(4) The present invention
Each rooster plate has a circular or polygonal inner diameter of the hole in the rooster plate,
The combustion furnace according to (1), (2) or (3).

(5) The present invention
A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
Rooster device
Having a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions in outer diameters,
Arranged so that the outer diameter of the lower rooster plate becomes sequentially larger, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
Between each of the rooster plates, a gap to be a ventilation portion is provided,
It is a combustion furnace.

(6) The present invention
A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
Rooster device
Having a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions in outer diameters,
Arranged so that the outer diameter of the lower rooster plate becomes sequentially larger, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
It comprises a gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap to be a vent formed between the rooster boards by moving the rooster boards in the vertical direction.
It is a combustion furnace.

(7) The present invention
When the rooster device moves each rooster plate in the vertical direction, the telescopic coupling device has a structure that can adjust the interval by linking the rooster plates so that the gaps that serve as ventilation portions are equally spaced from each other. Including,
The combustion furnace according to (6).

(8) The present invention
Each rooster plate has a circular or polygonal outer diameter of the rooster plate,
The combustion furnace according to (5), (6) or (7).

(9) The present invention
At the center of each rooster plate of the rooster device, a through-cylinder having a large number of vent holes in the peripheral wall portion is arranged. Has a sorting means to drop on the top,
The combustion furnace according to (1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7) or (8).

(10) The present invention
A hot air generator that generates hot air by heat exchange between heat generated by combustion of solid fuel and intake air,
The hot air generator is
(1), (2), (3), (4), (5), (6), (7), (8) or (9) combustion furnace;
A furnace chamber provided around the combustion furnace;
Have
The furnace chamber is
Intake means;
A heat exchange vent for exchanging heat by circulating air taken in by the intake means around the combustion furnace;
A hot air discharge section for discharging hot air to the outside of the furnace chamber;
have,
It is a hot air generator.

(11) The present invention
An exhaust pipe of the combustion furnace has an exhaust pipe, and an air supply pipe that feeds air in the heat exchange air passage toward the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe and accelerates the flow of the combustion gas in the exhaust pipe. Have
(10) The hot air generator.

(12) The present invention
A solid fuel supply device that supplies solid fuel to the combustion furnace of the hot air generator;
The hot air generator according to (10) or (11).

  The hot air generator can also have a structure that combines a combustion furnace and a boiler device that performs heat exchange. In that case, for example, a jacket for passing water through the furnace body of the combustion furnace is provided.

(Function)
The operation of the combustion furnace according to the present invention and the hot air generator equipped therewith will be described.
First, an appropriate amount of solid fuel such as wood chips is supplied from the solid fuel supply device into the combustion furnace of the hot air generator. The solid fuel is supplied continuously or intermittently according to the state of combustion in the combustion furnace.

  The supplied solid fuel falls on the rooster plate of the rooster device arranged in the combustion furnace, and accumulates on a plurality of steps formed by the rooster plate. The solid fuel deposited on the step is ignited manually or automatically. When igniting, a gap serving as a ventilation portion between the rooster plates is narrowed so that ignition can be performed in a shorter time.

The intake means of the hot air generating device is operated to take air into the heat exchange air passage, and an air flow is generated in the heat exchange air passage through the combustion furnace toward the hot air discharge section.
On the other hand, in the combustion furnace, the self-combustion of the solid fuel starts on the rooster plate, and the temperature in the combustion furnace rises, so that a flow of combustion gas toward the exhaust section is generated in the combustion furnace. Thereby, since air enters from an air intake part and air is supplied, solid fuel will continue to self-combust.

  In order to burn the solid fuel more efficiently, the gap between the rooster plates is expanded to an appropriate interval by the gap adjusting means, and the ventilation portion is expanded. As a result, air enters the combustion portion of the solid fuel deposited on each rooster plate from the entire circumferential direction of each ventilation portion, whereby more air is supplied, and the solid fuel burns efficiently, The firepower can be increased. When adjusting so as to weaken the thermal power, conversely to the above, the gap adjusting means narrows the gap serving as a ventilation portion between the respective rooster plates to an appropriate interval so that the amount of supplied air is reduced. Good. In this way, the heating power can be adjusted.

  Then, when the self-combustion of the solid fuel in the rooster apparatus continues and the temperature of the combustion furnace rises, the air flowing through the heat exchange ventilation passage is heat-exchanged by passing around the combustion furnace and sufficiently heated. It is heated (or heated), discharged from the hot air discharge unit to the outside of the apparatus, and is used for heating a greenhouse, for example. The combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace is safe because it is discharged from the exhaust section separately from the air passing through the heat exchange vent and is not used for heating.

  At the center of each rooster plate of the rooster device, a through-cylinder having a large number of vent holes in the peripheral wall portion is arranged. In the case of the one having the sorting means to be dropped, air is supplied from the vent hole of the through-cylinder, so that more combustion air is supplied to the solid fuel on each rooster plate, and the combustion efficiency is further increased. Rise. Moreover, since the solid fuel can be dropped by the sorting means so as to be scattered almost evenly on the step portions formed by the respective rooster plates, the solid fuel can be effectively burned from ignition to self-combustion.

  When the rooster device moves each rooster plate in the vertical direction, the telescopic coupling device has a structure that can adjust the interval by linking the rooster plates so that the gaps that serve as ventilation portions are equally spaced from each other. In order to move each rooster plate in the vertical direction, it is sufficient to employ a mechanism that can drive only the rooster plate located at the lowermost portion, so that the structure can be simplified.

  An exhaust pipe of the combustion furnace has an exhaust pipe, and an air supply pipe that feeds air in the heat exchange air passage toward the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe and accelerates the flow of the combustion gas in the exhaust pipe. What is provided is that the so-called chimney effect can be exerted more effectively by helping to accelerate the flow of combustion gas in the exhaust part, increasing the exhaust efficiency of combustion gas in the combustion furnace, and for combustion The air can be taken in more smoothly and efficiently, and the combustion efficiency is improved.

  In the present invention, since a gap serving as a ventilation portion is provided between the respective rooster plates arranged in the vertical direction of the rooster device included in the combustion furnace, air is provided in the combustion portion of the solid fuel deposited on each rooster plate. Enters from the entire circumferential direction of each ventilation portion, and thereby more air is supplied, and the heating power can be increased. Therefore, since the combustion efficiency of the solid fuel can be further improved, a solid fuel having a relatively high water content can be self-combusted, and a combustion furnace that can more effectively use the amount of heat generated by combustion and a temperature provided with the combustion furnace. A wind generator can be provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is an explanatory perspective view showing an embodiment of a warmer according to the present invention. BB sectional explanatory drawing in FIG. 1 of a warmer. AA sectional explanatory drawing in FIG. 1 of a warmer. FIG. 3 shows the structure of the rooster device and rooster plate adjusting device in FIG. Explanatory drawing of the state expanded from the state of (a). Explanatory drawing which shows the structure of each rooster plate and expansion-contraction connector of a rooster apparatus. Cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows other embodiment of a rooster apparatus.

Embodiment

The present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiments shown in the drawings.
Please refer to FIG. 1 to FIG.
The hot air generator shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 includes a hot air generator 1 and a solid fuel supply device 2. For example, a drying chamber for drying a greenhouse such as a greenhouse for cultivation or a vegetable such as shiitake mushroom. However, the application is not limited to these, and it can be used in various fields.

  The solid fuel supply device 2 supplies the hot air generator 1 with solid fuel such as wood chips and wood pellets. The solid fuel supply device 2 includes a framed base 20 having four support legs 21 provided with a height adjusting mechanism. A hopper 22 having a required capacity for temporarily storing solid fuel is attached to the upper portion of the gantry 20.

  On the lower discharge side of the hopper 22, there is provided a solid fuel supply pipe 23 having a conveying screw 24 built in over the entire length. The solid fuel supply pipe 23 is inclined slightly upward toward the insertion port 107 of the hot air generator 1 described later in order to prevent the spread of fire. The solid fuel supply pipe 23 may be provided horizontally or may be inclined downward. Further, the conveying screw 24 is chain-driven by a geared motor 25 in which a rotating shaft provided in parallel with the solid fuel supply pipe 23 below the hopper 22 rotates at a low speed with a high torque.

  The hot air generator 1 is installed adjacent to the solid fuel supply device 2. The hot air generator 1 has a hollow furnace chamber 10 having a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The furnace chamber 10 includes a bottom plate 101, four side plates 102, 103, 104, 105, and a top plate 106.

  Of each side plate, a rectangular tube-shaped hot air discharge duct 16 is formed below the side plate 102 on the front side so as to communicate with the heat exchange air passage 109 which is a space in the furnace chamber 10. The side plate 103 adjacent to the solid fuel supply device 2 is formed with an insertion port 107 into which the front discharge side of the solid fuel supply pipe 23 is inserted. The solid fuel supply pipe 23 is inserted into the insertion port 107 with its outer peripheral surface airtight with the edge of the insertion port 107.

  The top plate 106 is formed with a circular through air inlet 108. A cylindrical intake pipe 111 communicating with the intake port 108 is attached on the top plate 106. Inside the intake pipe 111, an intake fan 11 as an intake means is attached via a suspension member 112. The intake fan 11 introduces air into the heat exchange air passage 109 in the furnace chamber 10 with a required air pressure.

  A combustion furnace 12 is provided in the furnace chamber 10 with its lower end fixed to the bottom plate 101. The combustion furnace 12 includes a furnace body 13 and a rooster apparatus 14. The furnace body 13 has a substantially octagonal side wall 131, and the upper portion of the side wall 131 is sealed with an upper plate 132. A refractory material (not shown) is stretched on the inner surface of the furnace body 13.

  In the lower part of the furnace body 13, the rooster device 14, the ignition port 137 and the air intake port 138 are provided. Note that each side wall 131 is not limited to an octagonal cylinder shape, and can be formed in a cylindrical shape or a polygonal cylinder shape other than the octagonal cylinder shape.

  Moreover, from the inside of the furnace main body 13 to the outside of the bottom plate 101, a rooster plate adjusting device that can adjust a gap serving as a ventilation portion 153 between the rooster plates 14a to 14f described later provided in the rooster device 14 to an appropriate interval. 17 is provided. In addition, each part provided in the lower part of these furnace main bodies 13 is demonstrated in detail later.

  An insertion port 130 through which the solid fuel supply pipe 23 of the solid fuel supply device 2 penetrates is formed at a substantially middle portion in the vertical direction of the side wall 131 of the furnace body 13. The solid fuel supply pipe 23 is inserted into the insertion port 130 such that the outer peripheral surface thereof is airtight with the edge portion of the insertion port 130 in the same manner as the insertion structure with respect to the insertion port 107.

  Further, a smoke exhaust duct 133 is provided in the horizontal direction in the upper part of the side wall 131 of the furnace body 13 through the side wall 131. A chimney 134 is vertically connected to the upper side of the front portion of the smoke exhaust duct 133 so as to be ventilated. The upper part of the chimney 134 passes through the top plate 106 and is led out of the furnace chamber 10. The smoke exhaust duct 133 and the chimney 134 constitute an exhaust part.

  On the upper side inside the chimney 134, there is a small-diameter portion 135 for increasing the flow velocity of the passing gas and obtaining the venturi effect. In addition, an air injection pipe 136 is attached to the chimney 134 to send the air in the heat exchange air passage 109 whose pressure is higher than the outside air during operation to the inside of the small diameter portion 135. The air injection pipe 136 is formed in an L shape as shown in FIG.

  The vertical portion 136a of the air injection pipe 136 is disposed coaxially with the axial direction of the chimney 134, and the tip thereof is formed to be slightly narrowed. In addition, the air injection pipe 136 has a tip portion positioned slightly below the small diameter portion 135. The horizontal portion 136 b of the air injection pipe 136 penetrates the side wall of the chimney 134, and the opened front end side is located in the heat exchange air passage 109.

  According to this structure, in the chimney 134, the air that has entered from the inside of the heat exchange air passage 109 is ejected through the small-diameter portion 135 toward the discharge port (reference numeral omitted) at the upper end of the chimney 134. The flow of the combustion gas inside can be accelerated, and the chimney effect can be more effectively exhibited in combination with the venturi effect caused by passing through the small-diameter portion 135. Therefore, the exhaust efficiency of the combustion gas in the combustion furnace 12 can be improved, and the intake of air from the air intake 138 for combustion can be performed more smoothly and efficiently.

  As described above, the rooster apparatus 14 is attached to the lower part of the furnace body 13. An ignition port 137 that is connected through the side wall 131 of the furnace body 13 and communicates with the side plate 104 on the back side of the furnace chamber 10 is provided slightly above the height at which the rooster device 14 is attached.

  The ignition port 137 has a quadrangular shape, and a lid 19 that can close the ignition port 137 is detachably fitted into the ignition port 137. In addition, the lid 19 is formed with a viewing window 190 whose outer surface is closed with a transparent glass plate (reference numeral omitted). From the observation window 190, the combustion state of the solid fuel on the rooster apparatus 14 can be monitored.

  An air intake port 138 that is also connected through the side wall 131 and communicated with the side plate 104 is provided slightly below the height at which the rooster device 14 is attached. The air intake port 138 also serves as an ash scraping port.

The structure of the rooster device 14 and the rooster plate adjusting device 17 will be described.
Refer mainly to FIG. 4 and FIG.
The rooster device 14 includes a plurality of rooster plates 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, and 14f (shown in FIG. 4) (six in this embodiment, but the number is not limited). On each rooster plate 14a-14f, a solid fuel accumulates at the time of operation of warm air generating device 1, and this portion serves as a combustion part.

  Each of the rooster plates 14a to 14f is connected to each other by two pantograph structure (pantograph type) expansion and contraction connectors 146 and 146a at two opposing portions of the outer shape. The telescopic connectors 146 and 146a and the mounting structure thereof will be described later.

  The outer shape of the largest diameter rooster plate 14a disposed at the uppermost portion is a substantially octagonal shape, and the inner shape portion (inner shape) is circular. In addition, the internal diameter of each hole H of each rooster plate 14a-14f can also be made into polygons, such as a rectangle and a hexagon other than circular.

  On the lower surface side of two opposite sides of the rooster plate 14a (two sides positioned in a direction perpendicular to the two sides to which the expansion / contraction couplers 146 and 146a are attached), an L plate-shaped fixture 140 is welded or the like. It is fixed by. Screw holes 141 for fixing screws are formed at two positions in the vertical portion of each fixing tool 140.

  The other rooster plates 14 b, 14 c, 14 d, 14 e, and 14 f radiate from the annular portion 142 at two locations on the diameter line of the annular portion 142 and the annular portion 142 having a concentric outer shape and inner shape, respectively. It has the linkage part 143,143a provided protruding in the direction. The inner circular portion of each of the rooster plates 14a to 14f is formed so as to gradually decrease in diameter from the uppermost rooster plate 14a to the lowermost rooster plate 14f (see FIG. 5). . Thereby, a plurality of step portions (reference numerals omitted: formed on the upper surface of each annular portion 142 of each rooster plate 14a to 14f) are formed which are narrowed downward by each rooster plate 14a to 14f.

The length between both end sides of the linkage portions 143, 143a of the rooster plates 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f is the length between the two sides to which the expansion / contraction couplers 146, 146a of the uppermost rooster plate 14a are attached. It is formed to have a slightly shorter length.
Next, the attachment structure of the expansion / contraction couplers 146 and 146a to the uppermost rooster plate 14a and the linkage portions 143 and 143a of the other rooster plates 14b to 14f will be described.

  U-shaped notches 144 and 144a are formed on two opposite sides of the uppermost rooster plate 14a. A shaft pin 145 is provided in a middle portion (one place) on the back side of the notches 144 and 144a so as to be fixed parallel to the upper surface direction of the rooster plate 14a and in the radial direction. Moreover, the shaft pin 145 is similarly fixedly provided at the front end side of the linkage parts 143 and 143a of the other rooster plates 14b to 14f.

  The pantograph-type expansion / contraction couplers 146 and 146a have holes (not shown in the figure) in the central cross portion of the arm member 147, respectively, on shaft pins 145 that are shaft support portions provided in the respective rooster plates 14a to 14f. It is fitted and fitted with a snap ring (C ring) 148 to prevent it from coming off.

  According to this structure, the rooster device 14 moves the lowermost rooster plate 14f so that the rooster plates 14a to 14f are interlocked so that the gaps between the rooster plates 153 are equally spaced from each other. And the interval can be adjusted. In addition, it can also be set as the fixed type which does not change the clearance gap of the ventilation part 153 between each rooster plate 14a-14f.

  A gap formed by the interval between the rooster plates 14a to 14f being widened becomes a ventilation portion 153 into which air for combustion enters, and is provided over the entire circumference of the rooster plates 14a to 14f. In addition, the rooster plate adjusting device 17 to be described later may employ a mechanism that can drive only the rooster plate 14f positioned at the lowermost portion in order to move the rooster plates 14b to 14f in the vertical direction, thereby simplifying the structure. There are advantages.

  The rooster device 14 having the above-described structure is attached to a required height by screwing each fixture 140 of the uppermost rooster plate 14a to the side wall 131. A suspension member 149 is fixed to the upper surface of the uppermost rooster plate 14a so as to be bridged in the diameter line direction. A cylindrical through-cylinder 150 having a required length in the up-down direction passes through the suspension member 149 in the horizontal direction and is suspended by a suspension member 149 at the center of the rooster device 14. Note that a large number of vent holes 151 are formed in the through cylinder 150.

  Further, an octagonal annular solid fuel guide member 149a is attached to the upper surface side of the uppermost rooster plate 14a. The upper surface of the solid fuel guide member 14 is inclined downward toward the center of the furnace body 13 over the entire circumference, and the solid fuel falling from above is guided to the lower rooster plates 14b to 14f.

  The outer diameter of the through cylinder 150 is smaller than the inner diameter of the hole H of the rooster plate 14f so that the inner diameter of the hole H of the cylindrical body 171 and the lowermost rooster plate 14f can pass outside. The through-cylinder 150 penetrates the central part of each rooster plate 14a to 14f. Further, the gap 154 formed between the inner diameter of the hole H of the rooster plate 14f and the outer peripheral portion of the through-cylinder 150 serves as an ash dropping portion for dropping ash, which is a solid fuel burnout, downward.

  The through-cylinder 150 is fixed so that the upper end is slightly higher than the rooster plate 14 a, and the upper part of the through-cylinder 150 is a umbrella-shaped umbrella that prevents solid fuel from passing through the inside of the through-cylinder 150 and falling. 152 is attached. The umbrella 152 is a solid fuel distribution means whose upper surface forms a conical surface.

  The umbrella 152 may be fixed to the through-cylinder 150 by welding or the like, or the umbrella 152 may be provided with an insertion portion and inserted into the through-cylinder 150 to be attached. Moreover, the umbrella 152 can also make a pyramid surface, such as a quadrangular pyramid surface and a hexagonal pyramid surface, in the upper surface.

  Note that the positions in the height direction of the through-cylinder 150 and the umbrella 152 do not vary regardless of the vertical movement of the lowermost rooster plate 14f by the operation of the rooster plate adjusting device 17 described later. Further, the leading end discharge part 230 of the solid fuel supply pipe 23 inserted through the insertion port 130 into the furnace body 13 is positioned directly above the umbrella 152.

Next, the structure of the rooster plate adjusting device 17 that is a gap adjusting means that can adjust the gap between the rooster plates 14a to 14f provided in the rooster device 14 to an appropriate interval will be described.
The rooster plate adjusting device 17 includes a cylindrical body 171 in which the entire circumference of the upper surface is fixed to the lower surface of the lowermost rooster plate 14f of the rooster device 14 by welding or the like.

  A member 172 that extends in the diameter line direction is fixed to the lower surface of the cylindrical body 171. A through hole 173 through which the threaded rod 175 passes rotatably is formed in an intermediate portion of the member 172. In addition, a screw tube 174 is fixed to the member 172. The screw tube 174 is formed in the same center as the through hole 173 and is formed with a female screw to which the screw rod 175 is screwed.

  A screw rod 175 whose upper side is screwed to the screw tube 174 rotatably passes through the bottom plate 101 of the furnace chamber 10 and is supported by a bearing 176 fixed to the back surface of the bottom plate 101 so as to stand vertically. Yes. The portion of the bottom plate 101 through which the screw rod 175 penetrates is kept substantially airtight. The lower portion of the screw rod 175 passes through the bearing 176, and a sprocket 177 is fixed to the lower end portion.

  Further, a member 178 is fixed to the outside of the side plate 104 on the back side of the furnace chamber 10 so as to protrude outward. A bearing 179 is fixed to the member 178, and a handle shaft 180 is pivotally supported by the bearing 179 through the bearing 179 and the member 178. An L-shaped handle 181 is fixed to the upper end portion of the handle shaft 180.

  A sprocket 182 is fixed to the lower end of the handle shaft 180, and a chain 183 is wound between the sprocket 182 and the sprocket 177. According to this structure, by rotating the handle 181 and rotating the handle shaft 180 in an arbitrary direction, the screw rod 175 is rotated through the chain 183, whereby the lowermost rooster plate 14f is raised together with the cylindrical body 171. It descends | falls and the space | interval between each rooster plate 14a-14f can be adjusted to a space | interval suitably.

(Function)
With reference to FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 5, the effect | action of the warm air generator 1 and the solid fuel supply apparatus 2 is demonstrated. When the hot air generator 1 is used for heating a greenhouse such as a cultivation house, the hot air generator 1 is installed outside the greenhouse, and the hot air discharge duct 16 and the greenhouse are connected by a hose or a duct. By installing in this way, the combustion gas generated in the combustion furnace 12 is discharged from the chimney 134 to the atmosphere outside the greenhouse separately from the air passing through the heat exchange air passage 109, and is not used for heating. It is.

  First, an appropriate amount of solid fuel 3 such as wood chips stored in the hopper 22 of the solid fuel supply device 2 is supplied into the combustion furnace 12 of the hot air generator 1 through the solid fuel supply pipe 23. During operation of the hot air generator 1, the supply of the solid fuel 3 is performed continuously or intermittently corresponding to the state of combustion in the combustion furnace 12.

  The solid fuel 3 supplied from the tip discharge part 230 of the solid fuel supply pipe 23 falls, first hits the conical surface of the umbrella 152, is distributed all around, and is formed by the rooster plates 14a to 14f of the rooster device 14. Since it can be dropped so as to be scattered almost uniformly in the stepped portion, effective combustion is possible from ignition to self-combustion described later.

  The solid fuel 3 that has fallen on the respective rooster plates 14a to 14f is deposited on a plurality of steps formed by the respective rooster plates 14a to 14f. Next, the solid fuel 3 deposited on each step is ignited manually by using a known ignition device from the ignition port 137 or the like. When igniting, the gap which becomes the ventilation part 153 between each rooster plate 14a-14f is narrowed so that it can ignite in a shorter time (refer Fig.4 (a)). An ignition burner can also be employed as the ignition device.

  Then, the intake fan 11 of the hot air generator 1 is operated to take air into the heat exchange air passage 109 in the furnace chamber 10, pass through the combustion furnace 12 in the heat exchange air passage 109, and the hot air discharge duct 16. Create an air flow toward

  On the other hand, in the combustion furnace 12, self-combustion of the solid fuel 3 starts, and the temperature in the combustion furnace rises to cause a flow of combustion gas toward the chimney 134 in the combustion furnace 12. Thereby, air enters from the air intake port 138 and air is supplied to the rooster apparatus 14, so that the solid fuel 3 continues to self-combust.

  In order to more efficiently burn the solid fuel 3 on each of the rooster plates 14a to 14f, the handle 181 of the rooster plate adjusting device 17 is manually turned in the required direction, and the screw rod 175 is rotated so The rooster plate 14f is moved down so that the vertical width of the ventilation portion 153 between the rooster plates 14a to 14f is increased (see FIG. 4B).

Thereby, air enters the combustion part of the solid fuel 3 deposited on each of the rooster plates 14a to 14f from the entire circumferential direction of each ventilation part 153, thereby supplying more air, Since air is supplied toward the solid fuel 3 also from the respective vent holes 151 of the through-cylinder 150 at the center of each of the rooster plates 14a to 14f, the heating power can be further increased.
When adjusting so as to weaken the heating power, the handle 181 of the rooster plate adjusting device 17 is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, and the gaps between the rooster plates 14a to 14f are narrowed to an appropriate interval so that the ventilation portions 153 are moved. The amount of air supplied through each ventilation portion 153 is reduced.

  As described above, the heating power can be adjusted by adjusting the gap between the rooster plates 14a to 14f by the rooster plate adjusting device 17. Further, the members of the rooster device 14 and the rooster plate adjusting device 17 are considerably hot during the operation of the hot air generator 1, but are continuously cooled by the air taken in from the air intake port 138. Therefore, deformation due to thermal expansion can be suppressed to some extent, and it is possible to prevent inoperability due to deformation of the member.

  When the self-combustion of the solid fuel 3 in the rooster device 17 continues and the temperature of the combustion furnace 12 rises to, for example, 800 to 900 ° C., the air flowing through the heat exchange air passage 109 is transferred to the outer surface of the combustion furnace 12. Since heat exchange is performed by touching or passing therearound, it is sufficiently heated and discharged from the hot air discharge duct 16 into the greenhouse and can be used for heating the greenhouse.

With reference to FIG. 6, another embodiment of the rooster apparatus will be described.
Contrary to the rooster device 14, the rooster device 14g is provided such that the lower rooster plate has a large diameter. As with the rooster device 14, the rooster device 14g has six rooster plates 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14m, and 14n, and an inner diameter (through cylinder 150) passes through the center of each of the rooster plates 14h to 14n. (Omitted).

  The uppermost rooster plate 14 h is suspended from the side wall 131 of the combustion furnace 13 by a suspension member 149 b together with the cylinder 150. Each of the rooster plates 14h to 14n is connected in the same manner as the rooster plates 14a to 14f by a telescopic connector (not visible in FIG. 6). A cylindrical body 171 is fixed to the lowermost rooster plate 14n, and can be moved in the vertical direction by a screw rod 175 of the rooster plate adjusting device 17 in the same manner as the rooster plate 14f.

  According to this structure, the solid fuel that is supplied by dropping from above hits the umbrella 152, falls and accumulates on the upper surface of each of the rooster plates 14 h to 14 n constituting the stepped portion, and draws air from each ventilation portion 153. It can be supplied in the radial direction and burned. Note that a gap 139 is formed over the entire circumference between the outer diameter portion (outer peripheral portion) of the lowermost rooster plate 14n and the side wall 131 of the combustion furnace 13, so that the ash which is the burnt solid fuel is dropped downward. It is an ash removal part.

  Note that the terms and expressions used in this specification are merely explanatory and are not limiting at all, and terms and expressions equivalent to the features described in this specification and parts thereof. There is no intention to exclude. Further, it goes without saying that various modifications are possible within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot air generator 10 Furnace chamber 101 Bottom plate 102, 103, 104, 105 Side plate 106 Top plate 107 Insertion port 108 Inlet 109 Heat exchange vent 11 Intake fan 111 Intake pipe 112 Hanging member 12 Combustion furnace 13 Furnace main body 130 Difference Inlet 131 Side wall 132 Upper plate 133 Smoke exhaust duct 134 Chimney 135 Small diameter portion 136 Air injection pipe 136a Vertical portion 136b Horizontal portion 137 Ignition port 138 Air intake 14 Rooster device 14a, 14b, 14c, 14d, 14e, 14f Rooster plate H hole 140 Fixing tool 141 Screw hole 142 Ring part 143 Linking part 144, 144a Notch part 145 Axle pin 146, 146a Telescopic coupling tool 147 Arm member 148 Snap ring 149 Suspension member 149a Solid fuel guide member 150 Cylinder 151 Ventilation hole 152 Umbrella 153 Ventilation portion 154 Clearance 14g Rooster device 14h, 14i, 14j, 14k, 14m, 14n Rooster plate 149b Hanging member 139 Clearance 16 Hot air discharge duct 17 Rooster plate adjusting device 171 Cylindrical body 172 Member 173 Through hole 174 Screw tube 175 Screw rod 176 177 Sprocket 178 Member 179 Bearing 180 Handle shaft 181 Handle 182 Sprocket 183 Chain 2 Solid fuel supply device 20 Mounting base 21 Support leg 22 Hopper 23 Solid fuel supply tube 230 Discharge end 24 Transport screw 25 Geared motor

Claims (12)

A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
The rooster device is
It has a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions with different inner diameters of the holes,
Each of the rooster plates is arranged so that the inner diameter of the holes of the lower rooster plate is sequentially smaller, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
Between each of the rooster plates, a gap to be a ventilation portion is provided,
Combustion furnace. A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
The rooster device is
It has a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions with different inner diameters of the holes,
Each of the rooster plates is arranged so that the inner diameter of the holes of the lower rooster plate is sequentially smaller, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
It comprises a gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap to be a vent formed between the rooster boards by moving the rooster boards in the vertical direction.
Combustion furnace. When the rooster device moves each rooster plate in the vertical direction, the telescopic coupling device has a structure that can adjust the interval by linking the rooster plates so that the gaps that serve as ventilation portions are equally spaced from each other. Including,
The combustion furnace according to claim 2. Each rooster plate has a circular or polygonal inner diameter of the hole in the rooster plate,
The combustion furnace according to claim 1, 2 or 3. A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
Rooster device
Having a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions in outer diameters,
Arranged so that the outer diameter of the lower rooster plate becomes sequentially larger, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
Between each of the rooster plates, a gap to be a ventilation portion is provided,
Combustion furnace. A combustion furnace using solid fuel,
The combustion furnace
A furnace body and a rooster apparatus disposed inside the furnace body,
The furnace body is
An air intake for introducing air into the rooster device;
An exhaust for exhausting combustion gases;
Have
Rooster device
Having a plurality of rooster plates arranged in different vertical directions in outer diameters,
Arranged so that the outer diameter of the lower rooster plate becomes sequentially larger, and a plurality of steps are formed on the upper surface of each rooster plate,
It comprises a gap adjusting means for adjusting the gap to be a vent formed between the rooster boards by moving the rooster boards in the vertical direction.
Combustion furnace. When the rooster device moves each rooster plate in the vertical direction, the telescopic coupling device has a structure that can adjust the interval by linking the rooster plates so that the gaps that serve as ventilation portions are equally spaced from each other. Including,
The combustion furnace according to claim 6. Each rooster plate has a circular or polygonal outer diameter of the rooster plate,
The combustion furnace according to claim 5, 6 or 7. At the center of each rooster plate of the rooster device, a through-cylinder having a large number of vent holes in the peripheral wall portion is arranged. Has a sorting means to drop on the top,
The combustion furnace according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. A hot air generator that generates hot air by heat exchange between heat generated by combustion of solid fuel and intake air,
The hot air generator is
A combustion furnace according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9,
A furnace chamber provided around the combustion furnace;
Have
The furnace chamber is
Intake means;
A heat exchange vent for exchanging heat by circulating air taken in by the intake means around the combustion furnace;
A hot air discharge section for discharging hot air to the outside of the furnace chamber;
have,
Hot air generator. An exhaust pipe of the combustion furnace has an exhaust pipe, and an air supply pipe that feeds air in the heat exchange air passage toward the exhaust port of the exhaust pipe and accelerates the flow of the combustion gas in the exhaust pipe. Have
The hot air generator according to claim 10. A solid fuel supply device that supplies solid fuel to the combustion furnace of the hot air generator;
The hot air generator according to claim 10 or 11.

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