JP2013103155A - Fluid structure, separation method, extraction method, and reaction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To simplify separation work for separating a desired fluid or a product from a mixed fluid after a mutual interaction of plural types of fluid contained in the mixed fluid is generated.SOLUTION: A flow passage structure includes a flow passage 2 including: a first mixed fluid flow passage 28 in which the mixed fluid consisting of a first fluid and a second fluid mixed with each other; a separation space 30 leading to the downstream side of the first mixed fluid flow passage 28 and having a cross-sectional shape such that the mixed fluid entered from the first mixed fluid flow passage 28 is separated into a light fluid with a small specific gravity and a heavy fluid with a larger specific gravity than that of the light fluid in accordance with the difference in specific gravity; and a heavy flow passage 32 leading to an area where the heavy fluid is collected in the separation space 30, and in which the heavy fluid flows in from the separation space 30; and a light flow passage 34 leading to an area where the light fluid is collected in the separation space 30, and in which the light fluid flows in from the separation space 30.

Description

  The present invention relates to a channel structure, a separation method, an extraction method, and a reaction method.

  2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a flow channel structure is known as a means for causing a plurality of fluids to merge to generate an interaction. Patent Document 1 below shows a microreactor composed of such a channel structure.

  The microreactor disclosed in Patent Document 1 includes a plate in which a flow path for flowing two fluids together is formed. The flow path formed in the plate includes a first flow path for flowing a first fluid that is one of the two fluids, and a second flow path for flowing a second fluid that is the other fluid. In addition, after the fluid flowing through these two flow paths merges, the mixed fluid flow path through which the mixed fluid flows is provided. In each upstream end of the first flow path and the second flow path, an inlet for introducing a fluid into each flow path is formed, and the first flow path and the second flow path It extends so that it may mutually approach gradually as it goes downstream from an inlet_port | entrance. The downstream end of the first flow path and the downstream end of the second flow path are connected to the upstream end of the mixed fluid flow path. An outlet for taking out the mixed fluid flowing through the mixed fluid channel is formed at the downstream end of the mixed fluid channel. In the mixed fluid flow path, the mixed fluid is in a slag flow state in which a plurality of slags of the first fluid having a minute length and a plurality of slags of the second fluid having a minute length are alternately arranged in the flow direction In the mixed fluid, the fluids interact with each other through the contact interface between the first fluid and the second fluid.

JP 2009-233483 A

  However, in the microreactor described in Patent Literature 1, after the interaction between the first fluid and the second fluid occurs in the mixed fluid, the first and second fluids included in the mixed fluid cause the interaction. Separation for separating the first fluid and the second fluid from the discharged fluid or separating the product because the product is discharged from the outlet of the mixed fluid flow path in a state where all the products are mixed. There is a problem that the work becomes very complicated.

  The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a desired fluid or product from the mixed fluid after the interaction between the plurality of fluids included in the mixed fluid occurs. It is to simplify the separation work to separate.

  In order to achieve the above object, a flow channel structure according to the present invention is a flow channel structure having a flow passage for circulating a fluid therein, and the flow passages are a plurality of types of fluids mixed with each other. A mixed fluid flow path through which the mixed fluid flows and a downstream of the mixed fluid flow path, and the mixed fluid flowing in from the mixed fluid flow path has a light fluid having a small specific gravity and a weight having a specific gravity greater than that of the light fluid. A separation space having a cross-sectional shape that separates from the separation fluid by a specific gravity difference, and a heavy flow path that is connected to a portion of the separation space where the heavy fluid accumulates and into which the heavy fluid flows from the separation space; And a light passage that is connected to a portion of the separation space where the light fluid is accumulated and into which the light fluid flows from the separation space.

  In this flow channel structure, the separation space connected to the downstream side of the mixed fluid flow channel has a cross section in which the mixed fluid separates into a light fluid having a small specific gravity and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid by a specific gravity difference. Since the heavy flow path is connected to the portion of the separation space where the heavy fluid accumulates, and the light flow passage is connected to the portion of the separation space where the light fluid accumulates, for example, separation from the mixed fluid When the substance to be separated is contained in the heavy fluid, the heavy fluid containing the substance can be separated from the separation space through the heavy flow path, and when the substance to be separated from the mixed fluid is contained in the light fluid. The light fluid containing the substance can be separated from the separation space through the light passage. That is, in this flow channel structure, a desired fluid can be separated from the mixed fluid after interaction between a plurality of fluids included in the mixed fluid occurs in the mixed fluid flowing in the mixed fluid flow channel. . Further, in this flow channel structure, the mixed fluid is separated into the heavy fluid and the light fluid in the separation space in the flow channel structure, so that the flow channel is used when the heavy fluid or the light fluid is a desired fluid. A product from a heavy fluid or a light fluid when the heavy fluid or the light fluid does not need to be separated and the desired product is contained in the heavy fluid or the light fluid. The separation of the product can be performed by a simple separation operation compared to the separation of the product from the mixed fluid in which a plurality of types of fluids and products flowing through the flow path are all mixed. Therefore, in this flow path structure, after a plurality of fluids included in the mixed fluid interact with each other, the separation work for separating the desired fluid or product from the mixed fluid can be simplified.

  In the flow channel structure, the cross section of the separation space in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space has a fluid number of more than 1 for the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space. It is preferable to have an equivalent diameter set to be small.

According to this configuration, the influence of gravity acting on the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space can be made larger than the inertial force in the flow direction of the mixed fluid. Specifically, the Froude number Fr for the mixed fluid that has flowed into the separation space is expressed by the following equation: Fr = U / (D · g) ^1/2 . Here, U is the flow velocity of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space, D is the equivalent diameter of the cross section of the separation space in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the mixed fluid, and g is the gravitational acceleration. . The equivalent diameter D of the cross section of the separation space means the diameter of the circular cross section when assuming a circular cross section equivalent to the cross section of the separation space formed in an arbitrary shape. Where D is the cross-sectional area of the separation space and A is the perimeter of the cross-section of the separation space (the length of the wet edge in the separation space), and the equivalent diameter D = 4 A / u. When the Froude number Fr is smaller than 1, it means that the influence of gravity is more dominant than the inertial force in the flow direction of the fluid flowing into the separation space. For this reason, if the cross section of the separation space has an equivalent diameter set so that the fluid number of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space is smaller than 1 as in this configuration, the separation space flows into the separation space. The influence of gravity acting on the mixed fluid can be made more dominant than the inertial force in the flow direction of the fluid, and as a result, the heavy fluid of the mixed fluid is sunk downward in the separation space. The fine fluid and the light fluid can be separated. Therefore, according to this configuration, it is possible to obtain a specific configuration of the separation space having a cross-sectional shape such that the mixed fluid flowing in from the mixed fluid flow path is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid due to a specific gravity difference.

  In the flow channel structure, the flow path includes a first introduction path into which the first fluid is introduced, a second introduction path into which the second fluid is introduced, an end portion on the downstream side of the first introduction path, and The two fluids are joined so that the first fluid flowing through the first introduction path and the second fluid flowing through the second introduction path are mixed with each other, connected to the downstream end of the second introduction path. The mixed fluid flow path is connected to the downstream side of the merged section, and the mixed fluid flow path joins the first fluid and the second fluid that are merged at the merge section and mixed with each other. A mixed fluid consisting of fluid may flow in.

  According to this configuration, only by introducing the first fluid into the first introduction path and the second fluid into the second introduction path, the two fluids merge so as to be mixed with each other at the junction, The mixed fluids interact with each other in the channel, and then the mixed fluid is automatically separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid by a difference in specific gravity in the separation space. That is, in this configuration, all steps from mixing the first fluid and the second fluid to separation due to the specific gravity difference can be performed in the flow channel structure. For this reason, for example, the flow passage does not include the first introduction path, the second introduction path, and the merging portion, and the first fluid and the second fluid are mixed outside the flow path structure and then the mixed fluid is mixed. Compared with the flow channel structure that needs to be introduced into the fluid flow channel, an apparatus required for mixing both fluids can be omitted. For this reason, according to this structure, all the processes from mixing of a 1st fluid and a 2nd fluid to isolation | separation by specific gravity difference can be performed with the flow-path structure of a simple structure.

  In the flow channel structure, the heavy flow channel is disposed at an end portion on the downstream side of the heavy flow channel and is formed to open to the outer surface of the flow channel structure. It is preferable to have a heavy fluid outlet for deriving the heavy fluid.

  According to this configuration, the heavy fluid separated in the separation space can be led out of the flow channel structure from the heavy fluid outlet through the heavy flow channel. For this reason, for example, when a substance to be removed from the mixed fluid is included in the heavy fluid, the substance to be removed can be separated from the mixed fluid together with the heavy fluid and discharged to the outside of the flow path structure. Moreover, when the substance to be acquired among the mixed fluid is contained in the heavy fluid, the substance can be separated from the mixed fluid together with the heavy fluid and taken out of the flow path structure.

  In the flow channel structure, a light flow that is connected to the light flow path so that the fluid for mixing with the light fluid is introduced into the flow path and the fluid is merged with the light fluid that flows through the light flow path. You may have a roadside introduction path.

  According to this configuration, since the additional fluid can be merged from the light channel side introduction path with the light fluid flowing in the light channel, the additional fluid can be mixed and interacted with the light fluid. it can. In addition, with this configuration, since the additional fluid can be mixed with the light fluid separated from the heavy fluid in the separation space, for example, the efficiency of the interaction between the light fluid and the additional fluid in the mixed fluid is reduced. If a large amount of the substance is contained in the heavy fluid separated in the separation space, the additional fluid is joined to the light fluid with a reduced content of the substance to interact with it. Can be made. For this reason, the efficiency of the interaction between the light fluid and the additional fluid can be improved.

  In the above flow channel structure, the light flow channel is disposed at an end portion on the downstream side of the light flow channel and is formed to open to an outer surface of the flow channel structure. May have a light fluid outlet for deriving.

  According to this configuration, the light fluid separated in the separation space can be led out of the flow channel structure from the light fluid outlet through the light flow channel. For this reason, for example, when the light fluid contains a substance to be removed from the mixed fluid, the substance to be removed can be separated from the mixed fluid together with the light fluid and discharged to the outside of the flow path structure. Further, when the light fluid contains a substance to be acquired from the mixed fluid, the substance can be separated from the mixed fluid together with the light fluid and taken out of the flow channel structure.

  In the flow channel structure, the heavy flow channel is introduced into the flow channel so that a fluid to be mixed with the heavy fluid is introduced and the fluid is merged with the heavy fluid flowing through the heavy flow channel. You may have the heavy flow path side introduction path connected to.

  According to this configuration, since the additional fluid can be merged from the heavy flow path side introduction path with the heavy fluid flowing in the heavy flow path, the additional fluid is mixed with the heavy fluid to mutually interact. Can act. In addition, in this configuration, since the additional fluid can be mixed with the heavy fluid separated from the light fluid in the separation space, for example, the efficiency of the interaction between the heavy fluid and the additional fluid is increased in the mixed fluid. When the substance to be reduced is contained and most of the substance is contained in the light fluid separated in the separation space, the additional fluid is joined to the heavy fluid having the reduced content of the substance to interact with each other. Can act. For this reason, the efficiency of the interaction between the heavy fluid and the additional fluid can be improved.

  In the flow channel structure, the flow channel structure includes a substrate, a first sealing plate laminated on one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and a second laminated on the other side in the thickness direction of the substrate. The substrate has a first surface facing one side in the thickness direction and a second surface facing the opposite side of the first surface, and the substrate has a first surface. A side groove is formed so as to extend along the first surface of the substrate and open to the first surface, and the opening of the first surface side groove formed on the first surface is the first seal. The mixed fluid flow path and the light flow path are formed by sealing with a stop plate, and the second surface side groove portion extends along the second surface of the substrate and the second surface of the substrate. The second surface side groove formed in the second surface is open to the second seal. The heavy flow path is formed by being sealed with a plate, and the substrate includes a portion constituting the downstream end of the mixed fluid flow path in the first surface side groove and the light flow path. The substrate passes through the substrate from the first surface side to the second surface side at a portion located between the upstream portion and the portion constituting the upstream end portion of the second surface side groove and the heavy flow path A hole connected to a portion constituting the upstream end is formed, and the opening on the first surface side of the hole is sealed by the first sealing plate, and the second of the hole is formed. It is preferable that the separation space is formed by sealing the opening on the surface side with the second sealing plate.

  According to this configuration, it is possible to obtain a specific structure in which the flow channel structure can be easily configured. Specifically, in this configuration, the flow path structure is configured by a laminated structure of the substrate, the first sealing plate, and the second sealing plate, so that the substrate having the groove on the first surface and the first sealing are formed. The mixed fluid channel and the light channel can be formed between the plate and the heavy channel can be formed between the substrate having the groove on the second surface and the second sealing plate, A separation space penetrating the substrate from the first surface side to the second surface side can be formed.

  In the flow channel structure, the flow channel structure includes a substrate, a first sealing plate laminated on one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and a second laminated on the other side in the thickness direction of the substrate. The substrate has a first surface facing one side in the thickness direction and a second surface facing the opposite side of the first surface, and the substrate has a first surface. A side groove portion is formed to extend along the first surface of the substrate and open to the first surface, and the opening of the first surface side groove portion formed in the first surface is the first seal. The light passage is formed by sealing with a stop plate, and the second surface side groove portion is formed on the substrate so as to extend along the second surface of the substrate and open to the second surface. The opening of the second surface side groove formed on the second surface is sealed by the second sealing plate. Thus, the mixed fluid flow path and the heavy flow path are formed, and a portion of the second surface side groove on the downstream side of the mixed fluid flow path and the heavy flow are formed on the substrate. The substrate passes through the substrate from the second surface side to the first surface side at a portion positioned between the upstream end portion of the path and the light channel of the light channel in the first surface side groove portion. A hole connected to a portion constituting the upstream end is formed, and the opening on the first surface side of the hole is sealed by the first sealing plate, and the second of the hole is formed. It is preferable that the separation space is formed by sealing the opening on the surface side with the second sealing plate.

  Also with this configuration, it is possible to obtain a specific structure in which the flow channel structure can be easily configured. Specifically, in this configuration, the flow path structure has a laminated structure of the substrate, the first sealing plate, and the second sealing plate, so that the substrate having the groove on the first surface and the first sealing plate A light channel can be formed between the substrate and the second sealing plate having a groove on the second surface, and a mixed fluid channel and a heavy channel can be formed. A separation space penetrating the substrate from the first surface side to the second surface side can be formed.

  The separation method according to the present invention uses the above flow path structure to separate a mixed fluid composed of a plurality of types of fluids mixed with each other into a light fluid having a low specific gravity and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity greater than that of the light fluid. A mixed fluid flow step of flowing the mixed fluid through the mixed fluid flow path; and a flow of the mixed fluid from the mixed fluid flow path into the separation space, and the mixed fluid being a light fluid in the separation space. And a heavy fluid are separated by a specific gravity difference, and the separated heavy fluid is allowed to flow into the heavy flow path, and the separated light fluid is allowed to flow into the light flow path.

  In this separation method, the mixed fluid that has flowed through the mixed fluid flow path in the mixed fluid circulation step flows into the separation space in the separation step, and is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space. Since the separated fluid flows into the heavy flow channel while the separated light fluid flows into the light flow channel, after the fluids interact with each other in the mixed fluid, the mixed fluid is mixed with the heavy fluid in the flow channel structure. It can be separated into a light fluid. For this reason, the work burden concerning the separation work for the fluid after being discharged from the flow path structure can be reduced.

  The extraction method according to the present invention uses a flow path structure in which the flow path has a first introduction path, a second introduction path, and a merge portion, and a mixed fluid flow path is connected to the downstream side of the merge portion. The extraction fluid containing the extraction object and the extraction agent that is a fluid for extracting the extraction object from the extraction fluid are mixed, and the extraction object is extracted from the extraction fluid to the extraction agent. In the extraction method, one fluid that is one of the fluid to be extracted and the extracting agent is introduced into the first introduction path, and the other fluid of the fluid to be extracted and the extracting agent is introduced. A fluid introducing step of introducing the other fluid into the second introduction path, and the one fluid introduced into the first introduction path and the other fluid introduced into the second introduction path are mixed with each other at the junction. A mixed fluid consisting of the two fluids An extraction step of extracting the extraction object from the fluid to be extracted to the extraction agent via a contact interface between the fluid to be extracted and the extraction agent in the mixed fluid while flowing through the mixed fluid flow path; and The mixed fluid flows into the separation space from the mixed fluid flow path, and is separated into a light fluid having a small specific gravity in the separation space and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid by a specific gravity difference, and the separated heavy fluid A separation step in which a fluid flows in the heavy flow path and a separated light fluid flows in the light flow path.

  In this extraction method, in the extraction step, an object to be extracted is extracted from the extraction fluid to the extraction agent while flowing through the mixed fluid flow path in a slag flow state in which a plurality of slags of the extraction target fluid and a plurality of slags of the extraction agent are alternately arranged. Since it is extracted, the area of the contact interface between the fluid to be extracted and the extraction agent can be increased to facilitate the extraction of the extraction object from the fluid to be extracted to the extraction agent. Moreover, in this extraction method, the mixed fluid after the extraction process is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space, the heavy fluid flows to the heavy flow channel, and the light fluid flows to the light flow channel. For example, when the extraction agent from which the extraction object is extracted is a heavy fluid, the extraction agent containing the extraction object can be separated from the separation space into the heavy flow path, and the extraction agent from which the extraction object has been extracted Is a light fluid, the extractant containing the extraction object can be separated from the separation space into the light flow path. Further, in this extraction method, the extraction agent containing the extraction object can be separated in the separation space in the flow path structure, so that the extraction object for the fluid discharged from the flow path structure can be separated. Such work burden can be reduced.

  The reaction method according to the present invention uses a flow path structure in which the flow path has a first introduction path, a second introduction path, and a merge portion, and a mixed fluid flow path is connected to the downstream side of the merge portion. A reaction method of mixing a first reactant and a second reactant composed of fluids capable of reacting with each other and reacting the two reactants, wherein the first reactant is introduced into the first introduction path. And a reactant introduction step of introducing the second reactant into the second introduction path, the first reactant introduced into the first introduction path, and the second reactant introduced into the second introduction path In the mixed fluid, the first and second reactants come into contact with each other in the mixed fluid while the mixed fluid composed of the two reactants merges so as to be mixed with each other at the junction. The first reactant and the second reactant are mutually connected via an interface. A reaction step of reacting, and the mixed fluid flows into the separation space from the mixed fluid flow path, and a light fluid having a small specific gravity in the separation space and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than the light fluid are caused by a difference in specific gravity. A separation step in which the separated heavy fluid flows into the heavy flow path and the separated light fluid flows into the light flow path.

  In this reaction method, in the reaction step, the first reactant and the second reactant contact the first reactant and the second reactant while flowing through the mixed fluid flow path in the state of slag in which the slag is alternately arranged. Since the reaction through the interface occurs, the area of the contact interface between the first reactant and the second reactant in the mixed fluid channel can be increased to promote the reaction between the two reactants. Moreover, in this reaction method, the mixed fluid after the reaction step is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space, the heavy fluid flows to the heavy flow channel, and the light fluid flows to the light flow channel. For example, when the reaction product is contained in the heavy fluid, the heavy fluid containing the reaction product can be separated from the separation space into the heavy flow path, and when the reaction product is contained in the light fluid. Can separate the light fluid containing the reaction product from the separation space into the light flow path. Furthermore, in this reaction method, since the fluid containing the reaction product can be separated in the separation space in the flow channel structure, the reaction product is separated from the fluid after being discharged from the flow channel structure. Work burden can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to simplify the separation work for separating a desired fluid or product from the mixed fluid after interaction between the fluids included in the mixed fluid occurs. .

1 is a perspective view of a flow channel structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a top view of the board | substrate which comprises the flow-path structure by 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 3 is a bottom view of the substrate shown in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. 2 of the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the flow channel structure along the line VV in FIG. 4. FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view of the flow path structure along the line VI-VI in FIG. 4. It is a fragmentary sectional view of the channel structure along a VII-VII line in FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the mixed fluid which flowed into the separation space from the 1st mixed fluid flow path isolate | separated into a heavy fluid and a light fluid in the flow path structure by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the channel structure by a 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a figure for demonstrating a mode that the mixed fluid which flowed into the separation space from the 1st mixed fluid flow path isolate | separated into a heavy fluid and a light fluid in the flow path structure by 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view of the channel structure by one modification of the present invention. It is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 4 along the flow path of the flow-path structure by one modification of this invention. It is sectional drawing corresponding to FIG. 4 along the flow path of the flow-path structure by another modification of this invention.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

(First embodiment)
First, with reference to FIGS. 1-8, the structure of the flow-path structure by 1st Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  The flow channel structure according to the first embodiment is used for mixing a plurality of fluids to cause interaction, and for circulating the fluids so that the plurality of fluids are mixed with each other. A flow passage 2 (see FIG. 4) is provided inside.

  Specifically, this channel structure is used for a microreactor, a heat exchanger, an extraction device, or the like. When this flow path structure is used in a microreactor, fluids of a plurality of types of reactants that can react with each other are circulated through the flow path 2 in the flow path structure to be mixed with each other. A chemical reaction occurs as an interaction, and a desired reaction product is obtained. Further, when this flow path structure is used in a heat exchanger, heat is transferred from a predetermined fluid to another fluid among a plurality of types of fluids circulated through the flow path 2 in the flow path structure. . Further, this heat transfer may cause evaporation or condensation of the fluid. In addition, when this flow path structure is used in an extraction device, one fluid containing the extraction object and the other fluid as the extraction medium are mixed through the flow path 2 in the flow path structure. Thus, the extraction object is extracted from one fluid to the other fluid.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the flow channel structure includes a plurality of substrates 4 and a plurality of sealing plates 6. The substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6 are each formed by a rectangular flat plate.

  The substrate 4 has a front surface 4a (see FIG. 2) facing one side in the thickness direction and a back surface 4b (refer to FIG. 3) facing the opposite side of the front surface 4a. The front surface 4a is included in the concept of the first surface of the present invention, and the back surface 4b is included in the concept of the second surface of the present invention.

  In the substrate 4, a plurality of first groove portions 10 are formed by etching so as to extend along the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 and open to the surface 4 a. The plurality of first groove portions 10 linearly extend from one end to the other end in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4 along the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4. The plurality of first groove portions 10 are arranged in parallel to each other at equal intervals in the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4. In addition, this 1st groove part 10 is included in the concept of the 1st surface side groove part of this invention.

  The substrate 4 has a plurality of second groove portions 12, a plurality of third groove portions 14, and a plurality of fourth groove portions 16 that extend along the back surface 4b of the substrate 4 and open to the back surface 4b. It is formed by etching. The same number of second groove portions 12, third groove portions 14, and fourth groove portions 16 are provided, and the number thereof is the same as the number of first groove portions 10 formed on the surface 4a of the substrate 4. And each 2nd groove part 12, each 3rd groove part 14, each 4th groove part 16 formed in the back surface 4b of the board | substrate 4, and each 1st groove part 10 formed in the surface 4a of the board | substrate 4 mutually respond | correspond. ing. Each second groove portion 12 extends from one end in the width direction of the substrate 4 toward the other end side, bends at a position on the back side of the corresponding first groove portion 10, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4 along the first groove portion 10. Extending to the other end side. The plurality of third groove portions 14 are arranged at an interval from the plurality of second groove portions 12 toward the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4. The shapes of the plurality of third groove portions 14 are the same as the shapes of the plurality of second groove portions 12. In addition, this 3rd groove part 14 is included in the concept of the 2nd surface side groove part of this invention. The plurality of fourth groove portions 16 are arranged at an interval from the plurality of third groove portions 14 toward the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the substrate 4. The shapes of the plurality of fourth groove portions 16 are the same as the shapes of the plurality of second groove portions 12.

  The substrate 4 has a plurality of first holes 18, a plurality of second holes 19, and a plurality of third holes 20.

  Each first hole 18 is provided in a portion of the substrate 4 where the end of each second groove 12 that overlaps each first groove 10 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface 4a of the substrate 4 is located. . Each first hole 18 penetrates the substrate 4 from the front surface 4a to the back surface 4b in the thickness direction of the substrate 4, and communicates each second groove 12 and the first groove 10 located on the front side thereof.

  Each second hole portion 19 is provided in a portion of the substrate 4 where the end portion of each third groove portion 14 that overlaps each first groove portion 10 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface 4a of the substrate 4 is located. . Each second hole portion 19 penetrates the substrate 4 from the front surface 4a to the back surface 4b in the thickness direction of the substrate 4, and communicates each third groove portion 14 with the first groove portion 10 located on the front side. Specifically, the second hole portion 19 includes a portion constituting a downstream end portion of the first mixed fluid passage 28 described later in the first groove portion 10 and an upstream end portion of the light passage 34 described later. 3rd groove part which penetrates the board | substrate 4 in the thickness direction of the said board | substrate 4 from the surface 4a to the back surface 4b in the site | part located between the site | parts which comprise A, and constitutes the upstream edge part of the heavy flow path 32 mentioned later 14 is connected to the end. The second hole portion 19 is included in the concept of the hole portion of the present invention.

  Each third hole 20 is provided in a portion of the substrate 4 where the end of each fourth groove 16 that overlaps each first groove 10 when viewed from the direction perpendicular to the surface 4a of the substrate 4 is located. . Each third hole portion 20 penetrates the substrate 4 from the front surface 4a to the back surface 4b in the thickness direction of the substrate 4, and communicates each fourth groove portion 16 and the first groove portion 10 located on the front side thereof.

  The sealing plate 6 is laminated on one side and the other side in the thickness direction of the substrate 4. Specifically, the substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6 are alternately stacked in the vertical direction. The sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4 (one side in the thickness direction of the substrate 4) is diffusion bonded to the surface 4a in a state of covering the surface 4a of the substrate 4, and the back side of the substrate 4 (substrate The sealing plate 6 laminated on the other side in the thickness direction of 4 is diffusion-bonded to the back surface 4 b in a state of covering the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4. In addition, the sealing plate 6 laminated | stacked on the front side of the board | substrate 4 is included in the concept of the 1st sealing board of this invention, and the sealing board 6 laminated | stacked on the back side of the board | substrate 4 is 2nd sealing of this invention. Included in the concept of a stop plate. The sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4 has openings of the first groove portion 10, the first hole portion 18, the second hole portion 19, and the third hole portion 20 formed on the surface 4 a of the substrate 4. It is sealed. The sealing plate 6 laminated on the back side of the substrate 4 includes a second groove portion 12, a third groove portion 14, a fourth groove portion 16, a first hole portion 18, a second hole portion 19, and the like formed on the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4. Each opening of the third hole 20 is sealed.

  The channel structure is configured such that the stacking direction of the substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6 (thickness direction of the substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6) constituting the channel structure coincides with the vertical direction. Specifically, the flow path structure is disposed so that the back surface 4b of each substrate 4 faces downward in the gravitational direction. Moreover, the flow path structure has a plurality of flow passages 2 therein. In the flow channel structure, a plurality of flow passages 2 arranged in parallel in the surface direction of the substrate 4 are taken as one set, and the plurality of sets of flow passages 2 are arranged at equal intervals in the stacking direction of the substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6. Is arranged. The plurality of flow passages 2 are formed by a plurality of first to fourth groove portions 10, 12, 14, 16 and a plurality of first to third hole portions 18, 19, 20 whose openings are sealed by a sealing plate 6. Has been.

  Each flow path 2 includes a first introduction path 22, a second introduction path 24, a first junction 26, a first mixed fluid flow path 28, a separation space 30, a heavy flow path 32, a light flow A passage 34, a light passage side introduction passage 36, a second junction 38, and a second mixed fluid passage 40 are included.

  The first introduction path 22 is a portion through which the first fluid is introduced and flows. The first introduction path 22 has a first introduction port 22 a for introducing a first fluid into the first introduction path 22. The first introduction port 22a is open to a side surface facing one side in the longitudinal direction of the flow path structure parallel to the surface 4a of the substrate 4 in the flow path structure, and is upstream of the first introduction path 22. It is arranged at the end. The first introduction path 22 extends linearly in the horizontal direction from the first introduction port 22a along the longitudinal direction of the flow path structure. The first introduction path 22 is on the opposite side of the first hole 18 from the second hole 19 in the first groove 10 in which the opening formed in the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. It is formed by the part located. As shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the first introduction path 22 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the first fluid flowing through the first introduction path 22 (longitudinal direction of the first introduction path 22) is a circle. The arc-shaped portion has a semicircular shape facing downward (the back surface 4b side of the substrate 4).

  The second introduction path 24 is a portion where the second fluid is introduced and flows. The second introduction path 24 has a second introduction port 24 a for introducing the second fluid into the second introduction path 24. The second introduction port 24a opens to a side surface facing one side in the stacking direction of the substrate 4 and the sealing plate 6 and the width direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the flow channel structure in the flow channel structure. And disposed at the upstream end of the second introduction path 24. The second introduction path 24 extends horizontally from the side surface of the flow channel structure in which the second introduction port 24a is formed to the opposite side surface, and the first introduction of the flow path 2 to which the second introduction path 24 belongs. It bends at a position below the path 22 and extends horizontally and linearly along the first introduction path 22 to the downstream side of the first introduction path 22. The second introduction path 24 is formed by the second groove portion 12 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. As shown in FIG. 5, the cross-sectional shape of the second introduction path 24 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the second fluid flowing through the second introduction path 24 is such that the arc-shaped portion is on the upper side (the surface of the substrate 4 4a side). The cross-sectional shape of the second introduction path 24 is symmetrical with the cross-sectional shape of the first introduction path 22.

  The first junction 26 (see FIG. 4) moves the fluids in the vertical direction (substrate) so that the first fluid flowing through the first introduction path 22 and the second fluid flowing through the second introduction path 24 are mixed with each other. 4 in the thickness direction). This 1st junction part 26 is included in the concept of the junction part of this invention. The first junction 26 is connected to the downstream end of the first introduction path 22 and the downstream end of the second introduction path 24. The first joining portion 26 is sealed by a sealing plate 6 in which the opening on the front surface 4a side of the substrate 4 is bonded to the front surface 4a, and the opening on the back surface 4b side of the substrate 4 is bonded to the back surface 4b. It is formed by a first hole portion 18 sealed by the plate 6. The shape of the cross section of the first merging portion 26 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the first fluid flowing through the first introduction path 22 is such that two semicircles arranged symmetrically with each other in the vertical direction are near the vertex. The shape is such that the parts are joined together. In the first merging portion 26, the first fluid linearly flows from the first introduction path 22, and the second fluid that flows into the first merging section 26 from the second introduction path 24 with respect to the first fluid. They merge while moving to the upper side (surface 4a side of the substrate 4).

  The first mixed fluid flow path 28 (see FIG. 4) is a portion through which a mixed fluid composed of the first fluid and the second fluid that have joined together and mixed in the first joining portion 26 flows. The first mixed fluid channel 28 is included in the concept of the mixed fluid channel of the present invention. The first mixed fluid channel 28 is configured such that the mixed fluid flows in a slag flow state in which a plurality of minute slags of the first fluid and a plurality of minute slags of the second fluid are alternately arranged along the flow direction. Has been. The upstream end portion of the first mixed fluid channel 28 is connected to the downstream side of the first joining portion 26, and on the same straight line as the first introduction path 22 connected to the upstream side of the first joining portion 26, The first mixed fluid channel 28 extends horizontally and linearly in the same direction as the first introduction channel 22. The mixed fluid flows horizontally in the state of slag flow in the first mixed fluid flow path 28 to the downstream side, and in the mixed fluid, the mixed fluid flows through the contact interface between the slag of the first fluid and the slag of the second fluid. Interaction between the first fluid and the second fluid occurs. Further, the first mixed fluid channel 28 is disposed at a height position equal to that of the first introduction channel 22. The first mixed fluid flow path 28 includes the first hole 18 in the first groove 10 in which the opening formed in the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4. It is formed by a portion located between the second hole portion 19. The cross-sectional shape of the first mixed fluid channel 28 in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the fluid flowing through the first mixed fluid channel 28 (longitudinal direction of the first mixed fluid channel 28) is shown in FIG. As described above, the arc-shaped portion is in a semicircular shape facing the lower side (the back surface 4b side of the substrate 4). The cross-sectional shape of the first mixed fluid channel 28 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the first introduction path 22.

  The separation space 30 is a part for separating the mixed fluid flowing from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 into a light fluid having a small specific gravity and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid. The separation space 30 is connected to the downstream end of the first mixed fluid flow path 28. The separation space 30 is sealed by a sealing plate 6 in which the opening on the front surface 4a side of the substrate 4 is laminated on the front side of the substrate 4 and bonded to the front surface 4a, and the opening on the back surface 4b side of the substrate 4 is the substrate 4 is formed by a second hole portion 19 that is laminated on the back side of 4 and sealed by a sealing plate 6 joined to the back surface 4b. The separation space 30 has a cross-sectional shape such that the mixed fluid flowing in from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 is naturally separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid due to a specific gravity difference. Specifically, the cross section of the separation space 30 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 is the fluid for the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30. The number has an equivalent diameter set to be smaller than one. Specifically, when the fluid number of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 is Fr, the fluid number Fr is expressed by the following equation (1), and the separation space 30 is set so that the fluid number Fr is smaller than 1. The equivalent diameter D of the cross section is set.

Fr = U / (D · g) ^1/2 (1)
In this equation (1), U is the flow velocity of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30, and g is the gravitational acceleration. When the flow rate of the fluid flowing through the flow passage 2 is about 10 ml / min or less, the fluid number Fr is smaller than 1 if the equivalent diameter of the separation space 30 is about 2 mm or more.

  The fact that the Froude number Fr is smaller than 1 means that the influence of gravity acting on the mixed fluid becomes more dominant than the inertial force in the flow direction of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30. To do. For this reason, the heavy fluid out of the mixed fluid that has flowed into the separation space 30 is affected by gravity rather than the inertial force and sinks downward. As a result, the heavy fluid and the light fluid in the mixed fluid naturally To separate. In the separation space 30, the heavy fluid is accumulated in a lower region (region near the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4) of the separation space 30, and the light fluid is above the heavy fluid (on the surface 4 a side of the substrate 4). It will be in a floating state.

  The downstream end of the first mixed fluid channel 28 is located at the center of the separation space 30 in the vertical direction (thickness direction of the substrate 4) from the position of the upper end of the separation space 30 (position of the surface 4a of the substrate 4). It is connected to the separation space 30 in a range up to a slightly higher position (position closer to the surface 4a). In addition, the cross section of the separation space 30 has a shape in which two semicircles arranged symmetrically with each other in the vertical direction are coupled to each other in the vicinity of the apex as shown in FIG. Further, the length of the separation space 30 in the inflow direction of the mixed fluid with respect to the separation space 30 is larger than the length of the first joining portion 26 in the inflow direction of the first fluid with respect to the first joining portion 26.

  The heavy flow path 32 is a flow path through which heavy fluid flows from the separation space 30 and leads the heavy fluid to the outside of the flow path structure. The upstream end of the heavy flow channel 32 is connected to a portion of the separation space 30 where heavy fluid accumulates. Specifically, the upstream end of the heavy flow path 32 is slightly below the center position of the separation space 30 in the vertical direction from the position of the lower end of the separation space 30 (the position of the back surface 4b of the substrate 4). It is connected to the separation space 30 in the range up to the position (position near the back surface 4b). The upstream end of the heavy flow channel 32 is connected to the separation space 30 at a position below the downstream end of the first mixed fluid flow channel 28. The heavy flow path 32 extends horizontally from the connection point with the separation space 30 along the first mixed fluid flow path 28 to the upstream side of the first mixed fluid flow path 28, and then bends to the second introduction. It extends horizontally toward the side surface of the flow channel structure in which the opening 24a is formed.

  Moreover, the heavy flow path 32 has a heavy fluid outlet 32a (see FIG. 1) for deriving a heavy fluid from the heavy flow path 32. The heavy fluid outlet 32a is disposed at the downstream end of the heavy channel 32, and is formed to open to the side surface of the channel structure in which the second inlet 24a is formed. . The heavy fluid that has flowed into the heavy flow channel 32 from the separation space 30 flows in the direction opposite to the flow of the mixed fluid in the first mixed fluid flow channel 28 in the horizontal direction. The direction is changed according to the bent shape, the flow flows to the heavy fluid outlet 32a side, and the heavy fluid outlet 32a is led out of the flow path structure. The heavy flow path 32 is formed by the third groove portion 14 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. The cross-sectional shape of the heavy flow path 32 in the direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the heavy fluid flowing through the heavy flow path 32 is the same as the cross-sectional shape of the second introduction path 24.

  The light channel 34 is a channel through which a light fluid flows from the separation space 30. The upstream end of the light flow path 34 is connected to a portion of the separation space 30 where the light fluid is accumulated. Specifically, the upstream end of the light channel 34 is located at the center of the separation space 30 in the vertical direction (thickness direction of the substrate 4) from the position of the upper end of the separation space 30 (position of the surface 4a of the substrate 4). It is connected to the separation space 30 in a range up to a position slightly above the position (position close to the surface 4a). The upstream end of the light flow path 34 is connected to the separation space 30 at a position above the upstream end of the heavy flow path 32. Further, the upstream end portion of the light flow path 34 is connected to a position on the opposite side to the connection position with the first mixed fluid flow path 28 in the separation space 30. The light channel 34 is disposed at the same height as the first mixed fluid channel 28, and is in the same direction as the direction in which the first mixed fluid channel 28 extends on the same straight line as the first mixed fluid channel 28. It extends linearly. The light fluid that has flowed into the light channel 34 from the separation space 30 flows downstream along the light channel 34 in the horizontal direction. The light passage 34 is a portion located between the second hole portion 19 and the third hole portion 20 in the first groove portion 10 in which the opening formed on the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. Is formed by. The cross-sectional shape of the light flow path 34 in the direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the light fluid flowing through the light flow path 34 (longitudinal direction of the light flow path 34) is the cross-sectional shape of the first introduction path 22 and the first flow path. This is the same as the cross-sectional shape of one mixed fluid channel 28.

  The light passage side introduction passage 36 is a portion into which an additional fluid for mixing with the light fluid is introduced. The light passage side introduction path 36 is connected to the light passage 34 so that the additional fluid introduced into the light passage side introduction path 36 is merged with the light fluid flowing through the light passage 34. Specifically, the light flow path side introduction path 36 is connected to the light flow path 34 via the second junction 38. The light flow path side introduction path 36 has a light flow path side introduction port 36 a for introducing a fluid into the light flow path side introduction path 36. The light channel side inlet 36a is disposed at the upstream end of the light channel side inlet 36, and the channel structure in which the second inlet 24a and the heavy fluid outlet 32a are formed. It is formed so as to open on the side surface. Further, the light channel side introduction path 36 is formed by the fourth groove portion 16 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. The other configuration of the light flow path side introduction path 36 is the same as that of the second introduction path 24. The additional fluid may be a fluid of a different type from the first fluid and the second fluid, a fluid of the same type as the first fluid, or a fluid of the same type as the second fluid.

  The second joining portion 38 is a portion that joins the light fluid flowing through the light passage 34 and the additional fluid flowing through the light passage-side introduction passage 36 in the vertical direction (thickness direction of the substrate 4). The second joining portion 38 is connected to the downstream end portion of the light passage 34 and the downstream end portion of the light passage introduction path 36. The second joining portion 38 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 in which the opening on the front surface 4a side of the substrate 4 is bonded to the front surface 4a, and the opening on the back surface 4b side of the substrate 4 is bonded to the back surface 4b. It is formed by the third hole portion 20 sealed by the plate 6. In the second junction 38, the light fluid linearly flows in from the light channel 34, and the additional fluid that flows into the second junction 38 from the light channel side introduction channel 36 on the light fluid is on the upper side ( The substrate 4 joins while moving to the surface 4a side) of the substrate 4. The other configuration of the second junction 38 is the same as that of the first junction 26.

  The second mixed fluid channel 40 is a channel through which a mixed fluid composed of the light fluid and the additional fluid merged at the second merging portion 38 flows. The upstream end portion of the second mixed fluid flow path 40 is connected to the downstream side of the second merging section 38, and the light flow path 34 connected to the upstream side of the second merging section 38 is on the same straight line, The second mixed fluid channel 40 extends horizontally and linearly in the same direction as the light channel 34. The mixed fluid flowing through the second mixed fluid flow path 40 flows horizontally downstream in the state of a slag flow, and interaction between the fluids constituting the mixed fluid occurs in the mixed fluid. The other configuration of the second mixed fluid channel 40 is the same as that of the first mixed fluid channel 28 described above.

  The flow channel structure according to the first embodiment configured as described above is used for a microreactor, a heat exchanger, an extraction device, or the like as described above. The case where the channel structure according to the embodiment is used as an extraction device and the case where it is used as a microreactor (reaction device) will be described.

  First, when the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment is used as an extraction device, that is, an extraction method using the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment will be described.

  In this extraction method, a fluid to be extracted containing an extraction target and an extraction agent that is a fluid for extracting the extraction target from the fluid to be extracted are mixed using the flow channel structure, and the fluid to be discharged is mixed. The extraction object is extracted from the extractant to the extractant.

  Specifically, the fluid to be extracted is introduced from the first introduction port 22a of each flow passage 2 into the first introduction passage 22 at a predetermined flow rate, and the extractant is second from the second introduction port 24a of each flow passage 2. It introduces into the introduction path 24 at a predetermined flow rate.

  The fluid to be extracted introduced into the first introduction path 22 flows through the first introduction path 22 and flows into the first joining portion 26, and the extractant introduced into the second introduction path 24 is the second introduction path 24. It flows inside and flows into the first junction 26. Then, the fluid to be extracted and the extractant merge at the first junction 26 so as to be mixed with each other. The mixed fluid composed of the fluid to be extracted and the extractant that merged in the first merging portion 26 flows into the first mixed fluid flow channel 28, and a plurality of minute slags of the fluid to be extracted in the first mixed fluid flow channel 28. And a plurality of minute slags of the extractant flow to the downstream side in a slag flow state alternately arranged along the flow direction of the mixed fluid. In this mixed fluid, an extraction object is extracted from the extraction fluid to the extraction agent through the contact interface between the extraction fluid slag and the extraction agent slag.

  Thereafter, the mixed fluid flows into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 and is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid by a specific gravity difference in the separation space 30. Here, for example, when the specific gravity of the extractant is larger than that of the fluid to be extracted, the extractant sinks downward as a heavy fluid, and the fluid to be extracted floats above the extractant as a light fluid. The extractant as the heavy fluid that sinks downward contains a large amount of the extraction object, and the content of the extraction object in the fluid to be extracted as the light fluid that floats above the extractant is as follows. It is smaller than the content of the extraction object in the fluid to be extracted introduced into the introduction path 22.

  The heavy fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows into the heavy flow path 32 and is discharged to the outside of the flow path structure through the heavy fluid outlet 32a. On the other hand, the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows into the light passage 34 and flows into the second junction 38 from the light passage 34.

  Then, a new extractant is introduced at a predetermined flow rate from the light channel side introduction port 36a into the light channel side introduction path 36, and the extractant flows into the second junction 38 through the light channel side introduction path 36 to become a light fluid. Merge.

  The mixed fluid composed of the light fluid and the extractant merged at the second merging portion 38 flows into the second mixed fluid channel 40, and a plurality of minute slags of the fluid to be extracted and the extraction are extracted in the second mixed fluid channel 40. A plurality of minute slags of the agent flows downstream in a slag flow state alternately arranged along the flow direction. In this mixed fluid, the extraction object is further extracted from the fluid to be extracted into the extraction agent. Finally, the mixed fluid is discharged from the final outlet 40a of each flow passage 2 and collected.

  As described above, the extraction method using the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment is performed.

  Next, a case where the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment is used as a microreactor, that is, a reaction method using the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment will be described.

  In this reaction method, using the flow path structure, a fluid of a first reactant and a fluid of a second reactant that can react with each other are mixed to cause the reactants to react with each other.

  Specifically, the first reactant is introduced from the first introduction port 22a of each flow passage 2 into the first introduction passage 22 at a predetermined flow rate, and the second reactant is introduced into the second introduction port 24a of each flow passage 2. To the second introduction path 24 at a predetermined flow rate.

  The first reactant introduced into the first introduction path 22 flows through the first introduction path 22 and flows into the first joining portion 26, and the second reactant introduced into the second introduction path 24 is the second reactant. It flows through the introduction path 24 and flows into the first junction 26. Then, the first reactant and the second reactant are joined so as to be mixed with each other at the first joining portion 26. The mixed fluid composed of the first reactant and the second reactant merged at the first junction 26 flows into the first mixed fluid channel 28, and a plurality of the first reactants are passed through the first mixed fluid channel 28. And a plurality of minute slags of the second reactant flow downstream in a state of slag flow alternately arranged along the flow direction of the mixed fluid. In this mixed fluid, the reaction between the reactants occurs via the contact interface between the slag of the first reactant and the slag of the second reactant, and a reaction product is generated.

  Thereafter, the mixed fluid flows into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 and is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space 30 by a specific gravity difference. Here, for example, when the specific gravity of the fluid of the reaction product is larger than that of the other components in the mixed fluid, the fluid of the reaction product sinks downward as a heavy fluid, and the fluids of the other components are light fluids. As a result, the reaction product floats above the fluid. This light fluid consists of the unreacted first and second reactants.

  Then, the reaction product as the heavy fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows into the heavy flow channel 32 and is taken out of the flow channel structure through the heavy fluid outlet 32a. On the other hand, the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows into the light passage 34 and flows into the second junction 38 from the light passage 34.

  Then, an additional second reactant is introduced into the light passage side introduction path 36 from the light passage side introduction port 36 a at a predetermined flow rate, and the second reactant flows into the second junction 38 through the light passage side introduction path 36. To join the light fluid. The mixed fluid composed of the light fluid and the additional second reactant flows into the second mixed fluid channel 40, and a plurality of minute slags of the unreacted first reactant in the second mixed fluid channel 40 Although an additional second reactant is added to the unreacted second reactant, a plurality of minute slags flow downstream in a state of slag flow alternately arranged along the flow direction. In this mixed fluid, further reaction between the first reactant and the second reactant occurs, and a reaction product is generated. Finally, the mixed fluid containing the reaction product is discharged from the final outlet 40a of each flow passage 2 and collected.

  As described above, the reaction method using the flow channel structure according to the first embodiment is performed.

  In the first embodiment, in the first mixed fluid flow path 28 of the flow passage 2, the mixed fluid flows in a slag flow state in which a plurality of slags of the first fluid and a plurality of slags of the second fluid are alternately arranged. The area of the contact interface between the first fluid and the second fluid per unit volume of the mixed fluid can be increased to promote the interaction between the first fluid and the second fluid. Specifically, in the extraction method using the flow path structure according to the first embodiment, the area of the contact interface between the fluid to be extracted as the first fluid and the extracting agent as the second fluid is increased, and the extraction is performed. Extraction of the extraction object from the fluid into the extractant can be facilitated. In the reaction method using the flow path structure according to the first embodiment, the area of the contact interface between the first reactant as the first fluid and the second reactant as the second fluid is increased, The reaction between the reactants can be promoted.

  In the first embodiment, the separation space 30 connected to the downstream side of the first mixed fluid flow path 28 is set so that the fluid number Fr of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 is smaller than 1. Since it has an equivalent diameter, the influence of gravity on the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 is stronger than the influence of the inertial force in the flow direction, and the mixed fluid is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space 30. Naturally separate due to specific gravity difference. A heavy flow path 32 is connected to a portion of the separation space 30 where the heavy fluid accumulates, and a heavy fluid outlet 32a disposed at an end on the downstream side of the heavy flow path 32 has a flow path structure. Therefore, the heavy fluid separated in the separation space 30 can be led out from the heavy fluid outlet 32a to the outside of the flow channel structure. Therefore, when the heavy fluid contains a substance to be separated and removed from the mixed fluid, or when the heavy fluid contains a substance to be obtained from the mixed fluid, the heavy fluid containing the substance is transferred to the flow channel structure. Can be taken out to the outside. Specifically, in the extraction method, when the extraction agent that has extracted the extraction target from the fluid to be extracted is a heavy fluid, the extraction agent containing the extraction target is transferred from the heavy fluid outlet 32a to the flow channel structure. Can be taken out of the body. In the reaction method, when the fluid containing the reaction product generated by the reaction between the first reactant and the second reactant is a heavy fluid, the fluid containing the reaction product is transferred to the heavy fluid outlet. It can be taken out of the flow path structure from 32a.

  In the first embodiment, since the mixed fluid is separated into the heavy fluid and the light fluid in the separation space 30 of the flow passage 2 in the flow path structure, the fluid is discharged from the flow path structure to the outside. The work burden required for the separation work can be reduced. Specifically, if a plurality of types of fluids and products flowing through the flow path are all mixed and discharged to the outside of the flow channel structure, a desired fluid or substance is discharged from the discharged fluid. Separation work becomes very complicated. On the other hand, in the first embodiment, since the heavy fluid is separated from the mixed fluid in the flow path structure, there is no need to perform a separation operation when the heavy fluid is a desired fluid. When the desired substance is contained in the heavy fluid, the separation is simpler than the case where the desired substance is separated from the mixed fluid in a state where a plurality of kinds of fluids and substances flowing through the flow passage are mixed together. In operation, the desired material can be separated from the heavy fluid.

  In the first embodiment, additional fluid can be joined to the light fluid flowing in the light passage 34 through the light passage side introduction passage 36 and the second joining portion 38. Can interact with each other. In addition, in the first embodiment, the additional fluid joins the light fluid separated from the heavy fluid in the separation space 30, so that the efficiency of the interaction between the light fluid and the additional fluid is reduced in the mixed fluid. When the substance to be contained is contained and most of the substance is contained in the heavy fluid, the additional fluid can be joined and interacted with the light fluid having a reduced content of the substance. For this reason, the efficiency of the interaction between the light fluid and the additional fluid can be improved. Specifically, in the extraction method, when the extraction fluid contains a large amount of the extraction agent after the extraction target is extracted, the extraction efficiency is reduced. The extraction efficiency can be improved by combining a new extractant as an additional fluid with the light fluid after the separation. Further, in the reaction method, when the reaction fluid produced by the reaction between the first reactant and the second reactant is contained in the mixed fluid, the reaction efficiency is lowered. The reaction efficiency can be improved by combining a new second reactant as an additional fluid with the light fluid after separating the heavy fluid contained therein.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, with reference to FIG.9 and FIG.10, the structure of the flow-path structure by 2nd Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.

  The flow channel structure according to the second embodiment is obtained by vertically arranging the flow channel structures disposed in the horizontal direction of the first embodiment (see FIG. 9). Specifically, the flow path structure according to the second embodiment is arranged such that the front surface 4a and the back surface 4b of each substrate 4 are parallel to the vertical direction. Specifically, the flow path structure according to the second embodiment is arranged such that the side surface on which the first introduction port 22a is formed faces downward in the direction of gravity and the side surface on which the final outlet port 40a is formed faces upward. The Accordingly, the first introduction path 22, the first mixed fluid path 28, the light channel 34, and the second mixed fluid path 40 of each flow path 2 in the flow path structure extend in the vertical direction (vertical direction). Is arranged. A portion extending along the first introduction passage 22 in the second introduction passage 24 of each flow passage 2; a portion extending along the first mixed fluid passage 28 in the heavy flow passage 32 of each flow passage 2; And the part extended along the light flow path 34 among the light flow path side introduction paths 36 of each flow path 2 is also arrange | positioned so that it may extend in an up-down direction (vertical direction).

  In addition, the first introduction path 22 and the second introduction path 24 are connected to the lower end of the first merge section 26, and the upstream end of the first mixed fluid flow path 28 is connected to the upper end of the first merge section 26. It is connected. Further, the downstream end of the first mixed fluid channel 28 and the upstream end of the heavy channel 32 are connected to the lower end of the separation space 30. The upstream end of the light flow path 34 is connected to the upper end of the separation space 30, and the downstream end of the light flow path 34 and the downstream end of the light flow path side introduction path 36 are 2 is connected to the lower end of the junction 38. Further, the upstream end portion of the second mixed fluid flow path 40 is connected to the upper end of the second merge portion 38.

  In the flow channel structure according to the second embodiment, the first fluid is introduced into the first introduction passage 22 from below through the first introduction port 22a, and the second fluid is introduced into the second introduction passage 24 from the side through the second introduction port 24a. Introduce fluid. The first fluid introduced into the first introduction path 22 flows from the bottom to the top in the first introduction path 22 and flows into the first junction 26, and the second fluid introduced into the second introduction path 24 is The flow direction along the bent shape of the second introduction path 24 is changed upward and flows into the first junction 26. And in the 1st confluence | merging part 26, the 2nd fluid approaches in the substantially horizontal direction and merges with respect to the 1st fluid which flows linearly upwards. The mixed fluid composed of the first fluid and the second fluid joined at the first joining portion 26 flows upward through the first mixed fluid channel 28 in the state of the slag flow, and the first fluid and the second fluid in the mixed fluid. Interaction with. Then, the mixed fluid flowing through the first mixed fluid channel 28 flows into the separation space 30 from below.

  In the separation space 30, as shown in FIG. 10, the mixed fluid is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid vertically. Specifically, the heavy fluid in the mixed fluid accumulates in a lower region in the separation space 30, that is, in a region near the heavy flow channel 32 and the first mixed fluid flow channel 28 in the separation space 30. The light fluid accumulates in an upper region in the separation space 30, that is, a region near the light flow path 34 in the separation space 30. In this state, the light fluid of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 passes through the layer of the heavy fluid accumulated in the separation space 30 and the layer of the heavy fluid. Floats up. Then, the heavy fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows downward into the heavy flow path 32, and then changes the flowing direction along the bent shape of the heavy flow path 32 from the heavy fluid outlet 32a. It leads to the side of a channel structure. On the other hand, the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows from the bottom to the top in the light flow path 34 and flows into the second junction 38.

  When an additional fluid is introduced from the side of the channel structure through the light channel side introduction port 36a, the additional fluid is introduced into the light channel side introduction channel 36 in the same manner as the second fluid flowing in the second introduction channel 24. It flows through the inside and merges with the light fluid at the second junction 38. The mixed fluid composed of the light fluid and the additional fluid merged at the second merging portion 38 flows into the second mixed fluid flow path 40, and flows through the second mixed fluid flow path 40 from below to above in a slug flow state. . Interaction occurs in the mixed fluid. Then, the mixed fluid is led out from the final outlet 40a to the upper side of the flow path structure.

  In the flow channel structure according to the second embodiment, since the first mixed fluid channel 28 is connected to the lower end of the separation space 30, the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid channel 28 The light fluid passes through the heavy fluid layer accumulated in the separation space 30 and floats upward. At this time, the contact interface between the light fluid and the heavy fluid is updated, and the interaction between the light fluid and the heavy fluid can be promoted in the separation space 30.

  The other effects of the flow path structure according to the second embodiment are the same as the effects of the flow path structure according to the first embodiment.

  The embodiment disclosed this time should be considered as illustrative in all points and not restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown not by the above description of the embodiments but by the scope of claims for patent, and further includes meanings equivalent to the scope of claims for patent and all modifications within the scope.

  For example, as in a modification shown in FIG. 11, the light channel 34 may have a light fluid outlet 34 a for deriving the light fluid from the light channel 34. Specifically, for example, the light channel 34 extends to the side surface of the channel structure in a bent shape like the heavy channel 32 of the above-described embodiment, and the downstream side of the light channel 34 is formed on the side surface. A light fluid outlet 34a arranged at the end may be formed.

  When the flow path structure according to this modification is formed, for example, the second to fourth groove portions 12, 14, and 16 formed so as to extend along the back surface 4b of the substrate 4 in the first embodiment are used. The first groove 10 formed so as to extend along the front surface 4 a of the substrate 4 and open to the front surface 4 a and extend along the front surface 4 a of the substrate 4 extends along the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4. In addition, the flow path structure may be formed by opening the back surface 4 b and laminating the sealing plates 6 on the front side and the back side of the substrate 4. In this case, the third groove portion 14 of the second to fourth groove portions 12, 14, 16 formed so as to extend along the surface 4a of the substrate 4 is included in the concept of the first surface side groove portion of the present invention. The first groove portion 10 formed so as to extend along the back surface 4b of the substrate 4 is included in the concept of the second surface side groove portion of the present invention. In this case, as shown in FIG. 12, the first introduction path 22, the first mixed fluid flow path 28, the heavy flow path 32, and the second mixed fluid flow path 40 are on the back surface 4 b side (lower side) of the substrate 4. The second introduction path 24, the light flow path 34 and the heavy flow path side introduction path 42 are disposed on the surface 4 a side (upper side) of the substrate 4.

  In this modification, the first introduction path 22 has a first hole in the first groove portion 10 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the back side of the substrate 4. It is formed by a portion located on the opposite side to the second hole portion 19 with respect to the portion 18. The second introduction path 22 is formed by the second groove portion 12 in which the opening formed in the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4. In addition, the first mixed fluid channel 28 has a first hole portion in the first groove portion 10 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the back side of the substrate 4. It is formed by the part located between 18 and the 2nd hole part 19. FIG.

  The light channel 34 is formed by the third channel 14 in which the opening formed in the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4. The second hole portion 19 and the third hole portion 20 of the first groove portion 10 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the back side of the substrate 4 It is formed by the part located between. That is, the light flow path 34 is connected to the upper part of the separation space 30 and extends to the side surface where the second introduction port 24a of the flow path structure is formed in a bent shape corresponding to the heavy flow path 32 of the first embodiment. The heavy channel 32 extends linearly in the same direction on the same straight line as the first mixed fluid channel 28. The downstream end of the heavy flow channel 32 is connected to the second junction 38.

  Further, the second hole portion 19 includes a portion constituting an end portion on the downstream side of the first mixed fluid channel 28 in the first groove portion 10 extending along the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 and an upstream side of the heavy channel 34. Among the third grooves 14 extending through the surface 4a of the substrate 4 through the substrate 4 in the thickness direction of the substrate 4 from the back surface 4b side to the front surface 4a side at a portion located between the end portions of the substrate 4 It is connected to a portion constituting the upstream end portion of the light passage 34. The opening on the surface 4 a side of the second hole portion 19 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the front side of the substrate 4, and the opening on the back surface 4 b side of the second hole portion 19 is laminated on the back side of the substrate 4. The separation space 30 is formed by being sealed by the sealing plate 6.

  Further, the second mixed fluid flow path 40 has a third hole portion in the first groove portion 10 in which the opening formed in the back surface 4 b of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6 laminated on the back side of the substrate 4. 20 is formed by a portion located on the opposite side of the second hole 19 with respect to 20. The upstream end portion of the second mixed fluid flow path 40 is connected to the lower portion of the second merge portion 38.

  The heavy flow channel side introduction channel 42 is a portion into which an additional fluid for mixing with the heavy fluid is introduced, and the heavy fluid that flows through the heavy flow channel side introduction channel 42 flows through the heavy flow channel 32. It is connected with respect to the heavy flow path 32 via the 2nd confluence | merging part 38 so that it may merge with a fluid. The heavy flow path side introduction path 42 is formed by the fourth groove portion 16 in which the opening formed in the surface 4 a of the substrate 4 is sealed by the sealing plate 6. That is, the heavy flow path side introduction path 42 is formed in a bent shape corresponding to the light flow path side introduction path 36 of the first embodiment, and is connected to the upper part of the second junction 38. The heavy flow channel side introduction path 42 has a heavy flow channel side introduction port 42 a for introducing a fluid into the heavy flow channel side introduction path 42. The heavy flow channel side introduction port 42a is disposed at the upstream end of the heavy flow channel side introduction channel 42, and on the side surface of the flow channel structure where the second introduction port 24a and the light fluid outlet port 34a are formed. It is formed to open.

  According to the configuration of this modification, the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 can be led out from the light fluid outlet 34a to the outside of the channel structure through the light channel 34. For this reason, when the substance to be removed from the mixed fluid is contained in the light fluid, the light fluid containing the substance to be removed can be separated from the mixed fluid and discharged to the outside of the flow path structure. In addition, when the light fluid contains a substance to be acquired from the mixed fluid, the light fluid containing the substance can be separated from the mixed fluid and taken out of the flow path structure.

  In addition, according to the configuration of this modified example, additional fluid can be merged from the heavy flow channel side introduction path 42 with respect to the heavy fluid flowing through the heavy flow channel 32, and thus added to the heavy fluid Can interact with each other. In addition, in this configuration, since the additional fluid can be merged with the heavy fluid separated from the light fluid in the separation space 30, for example, the heavy fluid and the heavy flow channel side introduction path 42 are introduced into the mixed fluid. When a substance that reduces the efficiency of interaction with the fluid to be contained is contained and most of the substance is contained in the light fluid separated in the separation space 30, the heavy fluid with a reduced content of the substance On the other hand, fluid can be merged from the heavy flow channel side introduction channel 42 and allowed to interact. For this reason, the efficiency of the interaction between the heavy fluid and the fluid introduced from the heavy flow channel side introduction channel 42 can be improved.

  In addition, the light fluid which isolate | separated the heavy flow path 32 of the said 1st Embodiment in the separation space 30 by arrange | positioning the flow path structure by the said 1st Embodiment upside down so that the top | upper surface may become a bottom face. Is used as a light flow path for leading out to the outside, the light flow path 34 of the first embodiment is used as a heavy flow path connected to the second junction 38, and the light flow path side introduction path 36 of the first embodiment is used. May be used as the fourth flow path connected to the heavy flow path.

  Moreover, the structure of each part which comprises a flow path may be formed in various structures other than the above-mentioned structure.

  For example, the first introduction path may extend obliquely or bend with respect to the direction in which the first mixed fluid flow path extends. The second introduction path may extend linearly without being bent. In this case, the second introduction path may extend in a direction parallel to the direction in which the first introduction path extends, a diagonal direction, or a direction orthogonal to the direction. Further, the first mixed fluid channel may be bent in the flow direction of the mixed fluid. The heavy flow path may extend linearly from the separation space, or may extend in an oblique direction with respect to the first mixed fluid flow path. Further, the heavy flow path may extend in a direction orthogonal to the first mixed fluid flow path from the separation space. Further, the light channel is a direction different from the direction in which the first mixed fluid channel extends from the separation space, for example, a direction orthogonal to the first mixed fluid channel, or an oblique direction with respect to the first mixed fluid channel. It may extend to. Moreover, the light flow path may be formed in the shape bent in the flow direction of the light fluid. Moreover, the light flow path side introduction path may extend linearly without bending. In this case, the light channel side introduction channel may extend in a direction oblique to or perpendicular to the direction in which the light channel extends. Further, the second mixed fluid channel may be bent in the flow direction of the mixed fluid or may be folded a predetermined number of times. Moreover, the cross-sectional shape of each part which comprises a flow path may be shapes other than the above.

  Moreover, the flow path 2 may consist only of the 1st mixed fluid flow path 28, the separation space 30, the heavy flow path 32, and the light flow path 34 like another modification shown in FIG. Specifically, in this modified example, the first mixed fluid channel 28 extends to a side surface facing one side in the longitudinal direction of the channel structure parallel to the surface 4a of the substrate 4 in the channel structure. And has an introduction port 28a that opens to the side surface. That is, in this modified example, the first introduction path, the second introduction path, and the first joining portion are not provided, and the mixed fluid prepared by mixing a plurality of types of fluids outside the flow path structure. Is introduced into the first mixed fluid channel 28 through the inlet 28a. Further, in this modification, the light flow path 34 extends to the side surface of the flow path structure opposite to the side surface where the introduction port 28a is open, and the light fluid outlet 34a that opens to the side surface is provided. Have. That is, in this modified example, the light flow path side introduction path, the second merging portion, and the second mixed fluid flow path are not provided, and the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 and flowing into the light flow path 34 is downstream. It flows to the side and is discharged from the light fluid outlet 34a. The other configuration of the flow path structure according to this modification is the same as that of the flow path structure according to the first embodiment.

  The flow path structure according to this modification can be used as a separation device for separating a mixed fluid prepared outside into a light fluid and a heavy fluid. Hereinafter, a mixed fluid separation method using such a flow channel structure as a separation device will be described.

  In this separation method, first, a mixed fluid is prepared by mixing a plurality of types of fluids outside the flow channel structure. Then, the prepared mixed fluid is introduced at a predetermined flow rate from the inlet 28 a of the first mixed fluid channel 28 into the first mixed fluid channel 28, and the mixed fluid is downstream of the first mixed fluid channel 28. To flow.

  The mixed fluid flows into the separation space 30 from the first mixed fluid flow path 28 and is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid in the separation space 30 by a specific gravity difference. Then, the heavy fluid separated in the separation space 30 flows into the heavy flow path 32 and is discharged from the heavy fluid outlet (not shown in FIG. 13), and the light fluid separated in the separation space 30 is the light flow path. 34 and discharged from the light fluid outlet 34a.

  In this manner, the mixed fluid separation method using the flow path structure according to the modification is performed.

  In this separation method, after interaction between fluids occurs in the mixed fluid, the mixed fluid can be separated into a heavy fluid and a light fluid in the separation space 30 in the flow channel structure. It is possible to reduce the work load related to the separation work on the fluid after being discharged from.

  Note that the channel structure shown in FIG. 13 may be used upside down. In this case, the light channel 34 in FIG. 13 becomes a heavy channel, and the heavy channel 32 in FIG. 13 becomes a light channel.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, you may abbreviate | omit a light flow path side introduction path and a 2nd junction part among flow paths. In other words, in each of the above embodiments, a lead-out port that opens to the outer surface of the flow channel structure may be provided at the downstream end of the light flow channel. Moreover, in the modification shown in FIG.11 and FIG.12, you may abbreviate | omit a heavy flow path side introduction path and a 2nd junction part among flow paths. That is, in this modified example, an outlet port that opens to the outer surface of the flow channel structure may be provided at the downstream end of the heavy flow channel.

  In addition, a plurality of separation spaces may be provided in the flow path.

  Further, the flow channel structure may consist of only one structure in which a sealing plate is bonded to the front and back of a single substrate on which grooves for forming a flow path are formed.

  Further, in the flow path structure, a temperature control flow path for flowing a temperature adjusting fluid may be disposed between the flow paths adjacent in the stacking direction of the substrate and the sealing plate.

  The additional fluid mixed with the first fluid, the second fluid, and the light fluid and the additional fluid mixed with the heavy fluid may be liquid or gas, respectively.

  Further, the first mixed fluid channel and the second mixed fluid channel may not be configured such that the mixed fluid flowing through these channels necessarily flows in a slag flow state. That is, the first mixed fluid channel and the second mixed fluid channel may be configured such that the mixed fluid flowing through these channels flows in a laminar flow state, for example.

2 Flow path 4 Substrate 4a Surface (first surface)
4b Back side (second side)
6 sealing plates (first sealing plate, second sealing plate)
22 1st introduction path 24 2nd introduction path 26 1st junction part (joint part)
28 1st mixed fluid channel (mixed fluid channel)
30 Separation space 32 Heavy flow path 32a Heavy fluid outlet 34 Light flow path 34a Light fluid outlet 36 Light flow path introduction path 42 Heavy flow path introduction path

Claims (12)

A flow path structure having a flow passage for flowing a fluid therein,
The flow path is connected to a mixed fluid flow path through which a mixed fluid composed of a plurality of types of fluids mixed with each other flows, and to a downstream side of the mixed fluid flow path, and the mixed fluid flowing in from the mixed fluid flow path has a specific gravity. A separation space having a cross-sectional shape that separates a small light fluid and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid by a specific gravity difference; and a portion of the separation space where the heavy fluid is accumulated, A flow path structure having a heavy flow path into which the heavy fluid flows and a light flow path connected to a portion of the separation space where the light fluid accumulates and into which the light fluid flows from the separation space.   The cross section of the separation space in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space was set such that the fluid number of the mixed fluid flowing into the separation space was smaller than 1. The flow path structure according to claim 1, which has an equivalent diameter. The flow passage includes a first introduction path through which a first fluid is introduced, a second introduction path through which a second fluid is introduced, an end portion on the downstream side of the first introduction path, and a downstream of the second introduction path. A merging portion that joins the two fluids so that the first fluid that flows through the first introduction path and the second fluid that flows through the second introduction path are mixed with each other.
The mixed fluid flow path is connected to the downstream side of the merging portion, and the mixed fluid composed of the first fluid and the second fluid that flow together at the merging portion and mix with each other flows into the mixed fluid flow path. The flow channel structure according to claim 1 or 2.   The heavy flow path is disposed at an end portion on the downstream side of the heavy flow path and is formed to open to the outer surface of the flow path structure, and the heavy fluid is led out from the heavy flow path. The flow channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a heavy fluid outlet for the purpose.   The flow passage has a light flow path side introduction path that is connected to the light flow path so that a fluid to be mixed with the light fluid is introduced, and the fluid is merged with the light fluid that flows through the light flow path. Item 5. The flow channel structure according to any one of Items 1 to 4.   The light channel is disposed at an end portion on the downstream side of the light channel and is formed to open to the outer surface of the channel structure, and the light fluid for deriving the light fluid from the light channel The flow path structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, which has a lead-out port.   The flow passage is introduced into the heavy flow channel side where a fluid for mixing with the heavy fluid is introduced and connected to the heavy flow channel so that the fluid merges with the heavy fluid flowing through the heavy flow channel The flow path structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising a path. The flow path structure includes a substrate, a first sealing plate stacked on one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and a second sealing plate stacked on the other side in the thickness direction of the substrate. ,
The substrate has a first surface facing one side in the thickness direction and a second surface facing the opposite side of the first surface;
The first surface side groove formed in the first surface is formed in the substrate so that a first surface side groove portion extends along the first surface of the substrate and opens in the first surface. The mixed fluid flow path and the light flow path are formed by sealing the opening of the part with the first sealing plate,
The second surface side groove formed in the second surface is formed in the substrate so that a second surface side groove portion extends along the second surface of the substrate and opens in the second surface. The heavy flow path is formed by sealing the opening of the part by the second sealing plate,
The substrate includes a portion located between a portion constituting the downstream end portion of the mixed fluid flow channel and a portion constituting the upstream end portion of the light flow passage in the first surface side groove portion. A hole that penetrates the substrate from the first surface side to the second surface side and is connected to a portion of the second surface side groove that constitutes the upstream end of the heavy flow channel is formed. The opening on the first surface side of the hole is sealed with the first sealing plate, and the opening on the second surface side of the hole is sealed with the second sealing plate. The flow path structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the separation space is formed. The flow path structure includes a substrate, a first sealing plate stacked on one side in the thickness direction of the substrate, and a second sealing plate stacked on the other side in the thickness direction of the substrate. ,
The substrate has a first surface facing one side in the thickness direction and a second surface facing the opposite side of the first surface;
The first surface side groove formed in the first surface is formed in the substrate so that a first surface side groove portion extends along the first surface of the substrate and opens in the first surface. The light passage is formed by sealing the opening of the part with the first sealing plate,
The second surface side groove formed in the second surface is formed in the substrate so that a second surface side groove portion extends along the second surface of the substrate and opens in the second surface. The mixed fluid flow path and the heavy flow path are formed by sealing the opening of the part by the second sealing plate,
The substrate is located between a portion constituting the downstream end portion of the mixed fluid flow path in the second surface side groove and a portion constituting the upstream end portion of the heavy flow path. In the part, a hole is formed which penetrates the substrate from the second surface side to the first surface side and is connected to a part of the first surface side groove that constitutes the upstream end of the light flow path. The opening on the first surface side of the hole is sealed with the first sealing plate, and the opening on the second surface side of the hole is sealed with the second sealing plate. The flow path structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the separation space is formed. A mixed fluid composed of a plurality of types of fluids mixed with each other using the flow channel structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and a light fluid having a low specific gravity and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity greater than that of the light fluid. A separation method for separating into fluids,
A mixed fluid distribution step for flowing the mixed fluid through the mixed fluid flow path;
The mixed fluid is allowed to flow from the mixed fluid flow path into the separation space, and the mixed fluid is separated into a light fluid and a heavy fluid by a specific gravity difference in the separation space, and the separated heavy fluid is separated from the heavy fluid. And a separation step of causing the separated light fluid to flow into the light flow path while flowing into the flow path. Using the flow path structure according to claim 3, a fluid to be extracted including an extraction target and an extractant that is a fluid for extracting the extraction target from the fluid to be extracted are mixed, and the target to be extracted An extraction method for extracting the extraction object from a fluid to the extractant,
One fluid that is one of the fluid to be extracted and the extractant is introduced into the first introduction path, and another fluid that is the other fluid of the fluid to be extracted and the extractant is A fluid introduction step for introducing into the second introduction path;
The one fluid introduced into the first introduction path and the other fluid introduced into the second introduction path merge so as to be mixed with each other in the merge portion, and a mixed fluid composed of the merged fluids is the mixed fluid flow An extraction step of extracting the extraction object from the extraction fluid to the extraction agent through a contact interface between the extraction fluid and the extraction agent in the mixed fluid while flowing through the path;
The mixed fluid flows into the separation space from the mixed fluid flow path, and is separated into a light fluid having a small specific gravity in the separation space and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid by a specific gravity difference. A separation step in which a fine fluid flows in the heavy flow channel and a separated light fluid flows in the light flow channel. A reaction method using the flow channel structure according to claim 3 to mix a first reactant and a second reactant composed of fluids capable of reacting with each other and reacting both the reactants,
A reactant introduction step of introducing the first reactant into the first introduction path and introducing the second reactant into the second introduction path;
The first reactant introduced into the first introduction passage and the second reactant introduced into the second introduction passage merge so as to be mixed with each other at the joining portion, and a mixed fluid composed of the joined two reactants Flows through the mixed fluid flow path, and causes the first reactant and the second reactant to react with each other through the contact interface between the first reactant and the second reactant in the mixed fluid. A reaction process;
The mixed fluid flows into the separation space from the mixed fluid flow path, and is separated into a light fluid having a small specific gravity in the separation space and a heavy fluid having a specific gravity larger than that of the light fluid by a specific gravity difference. And a separation step in which the separated fluid flows into the heavy flow path and the separated light fluid flows into the light flow path.