JP2013091945A - Pile driver and method of measuring stability of the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a pile driver with a simple structure into which a sensor for detecting a load is incorporated, which enables easy measuring of a center of gravity and stability.SOLUTION: A pile driver is provided with: a leader bracket 18 which is mounted through a leader bracket connecting member to the front of a revolving superstructure 15 in a base machine 12 where the revolving superstructure 15 is mounted rotatably through a swing bearing 14 to the top of an undercarriage 13 having a crawler 13a; and an outrigger box 22 which is mounted to the rear of the revolving superstructure 15 through an outrigger connecting member. A pin type load cell 23, which detects a load including a leader 16 and an auger driving device 29 that are added to the leader bracket 18 as a front load, is used as the leader bracket connecting member; and a pin type load cell 31, which detects a load including a counterweight 20 added to the outrigger box 22 as a rear load, is used as the outrigger connecting member.

Description

  The present invention relates to a pile driving machine and a stability measuring method of the pile driving machine, and more particularly, a pile driving machine that appropriately selects and mounts various devices such as a leader, a working device, and a counterweight according to the construction conditions and the construction method. Further, the present invention relates to a method for measuring the stability of a pile driver in a working state equipped with various devices.

  In the pile driving machine provided with the upper swinging body so that the upper swinging body can be turned on the upper part of the lower traveling body, the length of the leader to be attached to the front part of the upper turning body and the working device to be attached to the leader according to the construction conditions and the construction method. Therefore, the load applied to the front portion of the upper swing body changes. In addition, the weight of the counterweight attached to the rear part of the upper swing body can be changed by the combination.

  In addition, when using an electric working device, a generator stand on which a generator is placed is provided at the rear of the upper swing body. For this reason, the weight and center of gravity position of the entire pile driver will change depending on the mounting state of the various devices attached to the upper revolving structure. There is a risk. In addition, if the load on the rear part of the upper swing body is too large, a large load is applied to the swing bearing and the life of the swing bearing is shortened.

  For this reason, it is necessary to determine the stability of the pile driver in the actual working state with various devices attached. Conventionally, the weight of the base machine and various devices was entered into a personal computer and calculated. . In addition, as a method of directly measuring the stability of the pile driver in the working state, the pile driver is operated by operating the front jack and the rear jack (outrigger jack) provided on the upper swing body in a predetermined order. There is one that detects the load applied to each jack in each inclined state, calculates the weight and center of gravity of the pile driver based on each detected load, and calculates the stability of the pile driver ( For example, see Patent Document 1.)

JP 2010-185204 A

  Although the thing of the above-mentioned patent document 1 can obtain | require the stability of various pile drivers from which the mounting state of an apparatus differs by preparing the sensor which detects a load and an inclination angle, various sensors were prepared. In this state, it is necessary to operate the front jack and the rear jack in a predetermined order, and there is a problem that it takes time to calculate the stability.

  Therefore, the present invention is a pile driver that can measure the center of gravity and stability with a simple structure by incorporating a sensor for detecting a load into the pile driver itself, and the stability measurement of the pile driver. It aims to provide a method.

  In order to achieve the above object, the pile driving machine of the present invention is provided at the front of the upper swing body in the base machine in which the upper swing body is pivotably provided on the upper portion of the lower traveling body having the crawler via the swing bearing. In a pile driving machine provided with a leader bracket attached via a leader bracket connecting member and provided with an outrigger box attached to the rear part of the upper swing body via an outrigger box connecting member, the leader bracket connecting member is the leader A pin type load cell that detects a load including a leader and a working device applied to the bracket as a front load and a pin type load cell that detects a load including a counterweight applied to the outrigger box as a rear load is used as the outrigger box connecting member. Features used It is. The generator frame on which the generator is mounted is attached to the outrigger box, and the rear load may be a load including the generator and the generator frame, and the leader bracket connecting member and the outrigger It is preferable that the box connecting members are respectively provided at four locations on the top, bottom, left, and right. Further, when a pressure increase on the cylinder extension side is detected on the cylinder extension side of the front jack provided on the leader bracket and on the cylinder extension side of the rear jack provided on the outrigger box, the pin type is detected. It is preferable to provide a pressure sensor for stopping the load detection by the load cell.

  Further, the stability measuring method of the pile driver according to the present invention is provided at a front portion of the upper swing body in a base machine in which an upper swing body is rotatably provided via a swing bearing on an upper portion of a lower traveling body having a crawler. In the method for detecting the stability of a pile driving machine provided with a leader bracket attached via a leader bracket connecting member and provided with an outrigger box attached via a outrigger box connecting member at the rear part of the upper swing body, the leader A pin type load cell is used as a bracket connecting member, a load including a leader and a working device applied to the leader bracket is detected as a front load by the pin type load cell, and a pin type load cell is used as the outrigger box connecting member. A counter window applied to the outrigger box at the load cell. The load and the center of gravity of the pile driver in the working state are detected based on the detected front load and rear load and the weight and center of gravity of the base machine determined in advance. It is characterized by calculating. In addition, a generator frame on which a generator is placed is attached to the outrigger box, and the rear load may be a load including the generator and the generator frame, and may be a front mounted on the leader bracket. The pin type load cell detects the pressure on the expansion side of the cylinder of the jack and detects the pressure on the expansion side of the cylinder of the rear jack provided in the outrigger box, and the pressure on the expansion side of each cylinder rises. It is preferable to stop the load detection or the calculation of the weight and the center of gravity position. Furthermore, when the calculated weight exceeds a preset maximum weight, or when the calculated center of gravity position is outside the preset reference center of gravity range, an alarm is issued or the pile driver is stopped. Is preferable.

  According to the present invention, since the front load and the rear load applied to the upper swing body can be detected by the pin type load cell used as the leader bracket connection member and the outrigger box connection member, the state of the load applied before and after the upper swing body Can be known easily and reliably. Furthermore, by calculating the weight and center of gravity based on the detected front load and rear load and the weight and center of gravity of the base machine determined in advance, the stability of the pile driver in the actual working state with various devices mounted Degree can be obtained. As a result, it is possible to determine whether or not there is a risk of the pile driver falling down. When there is a risk of falling, a warning light or warning sound is issued to warn the operator or the pile driver is activated. By automatically stopping the pile driver, it is possible to reliably prevent the pile driver in operation from overturning.

  Also, when the pressure on the extension side of the cylinder of the front jack or rear jack (outrigger jack) rises, that is, when each jack is activated by extending the cylinder rod, the load is detected and the weight and center of gravity are calculated. By stopping the operation, it is possible to prevent the weight and the center of gravity of the pile driver from being calculated with inaccurate load data.

It is a principal part side view of the leader bracket of the pile driving machine which shows one example of this invention. It is a principal part top view of a leader bracket similarly. It is III-III sectional drawing of FIG. It is a principal part top view of an outrigger box similarly. It is a top view of a pile driver similarly. It is a side view of a pile driver similarly.

  FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 are views showing an example of a pile driving machine according to the present invention. A base machine 12 of the pile driving machine 11 is provided on an upper part of a lower traveling body 13 having a crawler 13a via a swing bearing 14. The upper swing body 15 is provided so as to be rotatable, and a leader bracket 18 to which a leader 16 and a front jack 17 are attached is provided at the front of the upper swing body 15, and a rear jack is provided at the rear of the upper swing body 15. (Outrigger jacks) 19, 19, a counterweight 20, and an outrigger box 22 to which the generator mounting table 21 is attached are provided.

  The leader bracket 18 includes a pair of left and right connecting arms 18a and 18a protruding from the rear end portion toward the upper swing body 15, a reader holding portion 18b provided at the front end portion, and a sheave bracket 18c provided on the upper surface. The front jacks 17, 17 provided on both side surfaces are provided. The upper and lower ends of the connecting arms 18a, 18a are respectively inserted into the forked portions formed above and below the pair of left and right leader bracket mounting arms 15a, 15a protruding in front of the upper revolving body 15, The four first pin type load cells 23 that are the leader bracket connecting members are inserted into the four through holes formed in the top, bottom, left, and right, and the leader bracket 18 is connected to the four first pin type load cells 23. It will be in the state attached to the front part of the upper revolving body 15 via.

  The reader holding portion 18b includes a U-shaped bracket portion 18d that is open in the plan view and surrounds the rear side and both sides of the reader 16, and includes a reader mounting shaft 24 that penetrates the lower end portion of the reader 16 in the left-right direction. Both end portions are attached to the bracket portion 18d. In addition, a plurality of guide sheaves 18e around which a wire rope unwound from a winch provided on the upper swing body 15 is hung are rotatably attached to the sheave bracket 18c. The front jack 17 is provided with a jack cylinder 17c at the tip of a rotating arm 17b attached to the left and right sides of the center portion of the leader bracket 18 via a rotating pin 17a so as to be horizontally rotatable. A grounding plate 17e is provided at the lower end of the cylinder rod 17d protruding downward from the lower end of the jack cylinder 17c. A fixing member 17f for fixing the rotating arm 17b in an open state is provided on the outer surface of each rotating arm 17b.

  The reader 16 is formed by connecting a plurality of reader members 16b and 16b to an upper portion of a reader base member 16a attached to the reader bracket 18 so as to be tiltable in the front-rear and left-right directions by the reader attachment shaft 24. A reader holder 25 for rotatably holding the reader 16 is provided at the intermediate portion. The rear end of the reader holder 25 is connected to the front ends of a pair of left and right back stays 26, 26 erected on the top surfaces of the front ends of the rear jacks 19, 19. It is supported.

  Further, the leader member 16b connected to the leader base member 16a is provided with a detent member 27 for gripping a protruding piece provided on the outer periphery of the leader base member 16a to prevent the leader 16 from rotating. A top sheave block 28 in which a plurality of guide sheaves around which a wire rope is hung is rotatably provided is provided on the top of the reader 16. Further, on the front surface of the leader 16, various working devices, for example, an auger drive device 29 for driving an auger is provided so as to be movable up and down along the leader 16, and is suspended by a wire rope 30 suspended from the top sheave block 28. A hydraulic pipe or a power cable (not shown) is connected between the upper swing body 15.

  On the other hand, the outrigger box 22 includes a pair of left and right connecting arms 22a and 22a projecting in the direction of the upper swing body 15 from both sides of the front end, the rear jacks 19 and 19 respectively provided on both sides, and an upper surface. The counterweight mounting portion 22b and the mounting portion of the generator mounting table 21 provided on the rear side are provided. The upper end and the lower end of the connecting arm 22a are respectively inserted into bifurcated portions formed above and below the pair of left and right outrigger box connecting arms 15b, 15b protruding from the rear portion of the upper swing body 15, and formed at the overlapping portion of both. The four second pin type load cells 31 that serve as the outrigger box connecting members are connected to the four through holes formed in the upper, lower, left, and right positions, and the outrigger box 22 is connected via the four second pin type load cells 31. It will be in the state attached to the rear part of the upper revolving body 15.

  The counterweight mounting portion 22b is for mounting the counterweight 20, and the generator mounting table 21 is used for mounting the generator 32 serving as a power source when the auger drive device 29 is electric. When the auger drive device 29 is hydraulic, the generator mounting table 21 is removed from the outrigger box 22.

  The rear jack 19 includes a rotary arm 19b attached to both sides of the outrigger box 22 via a rotary pin 19a so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction, and a jack cylinder 19c provided at an intermediate portion of the rotary arm 19b. And a backstay connecting portion 19d provided on the top surface of the distal end of the rotating arm 19b. A grounding plate 19f is provided at the lower end of the cylinder rod 19e projecting downward from the lower end of the jack cylinder 19c, and the rear jack 19 is moved and fixed to the rear side surface of the rotating arm 19b during transportation. A cylinder 19g is provided. The back stay connecting portion 19d is connected to the tip of a rod that is the lower end portion of the back stay 26.

  The first pin type load cell 23 and the second pin type load cell 31 which are connecting members for attaching the leader bracket 18 and the outrigger box 22 to the upper swing body 15 are respectively bifurcated portions of the leader bracket attaching arm 15a and the outrigger box connecting arm 15b. Both ends are held by the connecting arms 18a and 22a inserted into the bifurcated portions, and a known pin type load cell that detects the load applied at the middle portion is provided to the leader bracket 18 by the four first pin type load cells 23. The load from the reader 16, the auger drive device 29, the front jack 17, and the like applied is detected as a front load, and the counterweight 20, the generator mounting table 21, and the generator that are applied to the outrigger box 22 by the four second pin type load cells 31. 32, the load from the rear jack 19 etc. as the rear load To detect Te.

  In the pile driving machine 11 thus formed, a leader 16 having a length (height) corresponding to the excavation depth is attached to the leader bracket 18 according to construction conditions and construction methods. A single-axis type, a bi-axial type, an electric or hydraulic auger drive device (working device) 29 is selected and attached, and a backstay 26 corresponding to the length of the reader 16 is further attached. Further, the counterweight 20 is placed on the outrigger box 22, and when the auger drive device 29 is electric, a generator mounting table 21 on which a generator 32 is mounted is attached.

  When the various devices are attached to the leader bracket 18 and the outrigger box 22, a front load is detected by the first pin type load cell 23 and a rear load is detected by the second pin type load cell 31. In this state, by displaying the detected front load and rear load respectively, the operator can check the front load and rear load, compare with the preset maximum front load and maximum rear load, It can be determined whether or not the load balance is appropriate.

  Thereby, when an operator judges that each load and load balance are improper, it can respond before work start, and the bad influence to the turning bearing 14 by an excessive rear load can also be avoided. Similarly, by comparing the load balance of each of the four first pin type load cells 23 and the second pin type load cells 31, the balance in the front / rear / left / right direction at the front load and rear load is calculated and displayed. It is also possible.

  Furthermore, based on the weight and the center of gravity position of the base machine 12 obtained by calculation or measurement in a state where the various devices are not attached in advance, and the detected front load and rear load, the pile driver 11 in the working state By calculating the weight and the center of gravity position, it is determined whether or not the weight exceeds the maximum weight set in the pile driving machine 11 and whether or not the center of gravity position is within a preset reference center of gravity range. Thus, the stability of the pile driver 11 in the working state can be obtained, and when the weight of the pile driver 11 in the working state exceeds the maximum weight or the position of the center of gravity is out of the reference center of gravity range, the stability is lowered. If it is, a warning light or a warning sound is emitted to notify the operator, and various operations of the pile driving machine 11 including traveling by the lower traveling body 13 and turning of the upper revolving body 15 are performed. It can be stopped dynamically. Thereby, the pile driver 11 during the pile driving operation can be protected, and the risk of the pile driver 11 falling over can also be avoided.

  On the other hand, when the front jack 17 and the rear jack 19 are operating, that is, operating oil is supplied to the extension side of the jack cylinders 17c and 19c to extend the cylinder rods 17d and 19e, and the ground plates 17e and 19f are grounded. In this state, the leader bracket 18 and the outrigger box 22 are supported by the jacks 17 and 19, and the jacks 17 and 19 bear a part of the load of the leader 16 and the counterweight 20. Since the load data detected by the load cells 23 and 31 change and an accurate load cannot be detected, a pressure sensor is provided at an arbitrary position in the path for supplying hydraulic oil to the extension side of the jack cylinders 17c and 19c. Stops detecting the load on each of the pin type load cells 23, 31 when the pressure rise is detected. By or stop the calculation of the weight and center of gravity position, it is possible to avoid an erroneous determination based on erroneous load data.

  Thus, even if the length of the leader attached to the front part of the upper swing body and the work device attached to the leader are changed according to the construction conditions and construction method, the stability can be easily determined from the weight of the pile driver 11 and the position of the center of gravity. Since it can obtain | require, accident occurrences, such as a fall, can be prevented and the pile driving operation by the pile driver 11 can be performed safely and reliably.

  Note that the weight and the position of the center of gravity can be calculated in the same manner as a calculation by a conventional personal computer, and can be easily calculated by using a simple arithmetic device. Further, a hydraulic hammer can be used instead of the auger drive device, and a hammer hydraulic unit can be mounted on the generator mounting table instead of the generator.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Pile driver, 12 ... Base machine, 13 ... Lower traveling body, 13a ... Crawler, 14 ... Turning bearing, 15 ... Upper turning body, 15a ... Leader bracket attachment arm, 15b ... Outrigger box connecting arm, 16 ... Leader, 16a ... Leader base member, 16b ... Leader member, 17 ... Front jack, 17a ... Rotating pin, 17b ... Rotating arm, 17c ... Jack cylinder, 17d ... Cylinder rod, 17e ... Grounding plate, 17f ... Fixed member, 18 ... Leader bracket, 18a ... connecting arm, 18b ... leader holding portion, 18c ... sheave bracket, 18d ... bracket portion, 18e ... guide sheave, 19 ... rear jack, 19a ... rotating pin, 19b ... rotating arm, 19c ... jack cylinder , 19d ... back stay connecting part, 19e ... cylinder rod, 19f ... ground plate, 19g ... 20 ... counter weight, 21 ... generator mounting table, 22 ... outrigger box, 22a ... connecting arm, 23 ... first pin type load cell, 24 ... reader mounting shaft, 25 ... reader holder, 26 ... backstay, 27 ... Non-rotating member, 28 ... Top sheave block, 29 ... Auger drive device, 30 ... Wire rope, 31 ... Second pin type load cell, 32 ... Generator

Claims (9)

Provided with a leader bracket attached via a leader bracket connecting member at the front of the upper swing body in the base machine in which the upper swing body is swingably provided on the upper part of the lower traveling body provided with the crawler, In a pile driving machine provided with an outrigger box attached to the rear part of the upper swing body via an outrigger box connecting member, a load including a leader and a working device applied to the leader bracket is detected as a front load as the leader bracket connecting member. And a pin type load cell that detects a load including a counterweight applied to the outrigger box as a rear load as the outrigger box connecting member. The pile driving machine according to claim 1, wherein a generator frame on which a generator is placed is attached to the outrigger box, and the rear load is a load including the generator and the generator frame. The pile driving machine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the leader bracket connecting member and the outrigger box connecting member are respectively provided at four locations on the top, bottom, left, and right. When the pressure increase on the cylinder extension side is detected on the cylinder extension side of the front jack provided on the leader bracket and on the cylinder extension side of the rear jack provided on the outrigger box, the pin type load cell The pile driver according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a pressure sensor for stopping detection of a load. Provided with a leader bracket attached via a leader bracket connecting member at the front of the upper swing body in the base machine in which the upper swing body is swingably provided on the upper part of the lower traveling body provided with the crawler, In the method of detecting the stability of a pile driving machine provided with an outrigger box attached to the rear part of the upper swing body via an outrigger box connecting member, a pin type load cell is used as the leader bracket connecting member, and the pin type load cell The load including the leader and the working device applied to the leader bracket is detected as a front load, a pin type load cell is used as the outrigger box connecting member, and the load including the counterweight applied to the outrigger box at the pin type load cell is rear. Detect as load In both cases, the pile driving machine calculates the weight and center of gravity of the pile driver in a working state based on the detected front load and rear load and the weight and center of gravity of the base machine determined in advance. Machine stability measurement method. 6. The pile driving machine according to claim 5, wherein a generator frame on which a generator is placed is attached to the outrigger box, and the rear load is a load including the generator and the generator frame. Stability measurement method. The pressure on the extension side of the cylinder of the front jack provided on the leader bracket is detected, and the pressure on the extension side of the cylinder of the rear jack provided on the outrigger box is detected, and the pressure on the extension side of each cylinder increases. 7. The method for measuring the stability of a pile driving machine according to claim 5, wherein load detection or calculation of weight and center of gravity is stopped by the pin type load cell. 8. An alarm is generated when the calculated weight exceeds a preset maximum weight, or when the calculated center of gravity is out of a preset reference center of gravity range. The stability measuring method of the pile driver of any one of these. The pile driver is stopped when the calculated weight exceeds a preset maximum weight or when the calculated center-of-gravity position is out of a preset reference center-of-gravity range. The stability measuring method of a pile driver according to any one of 5 to 8.

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