JP2013083098A - Unit building and construction method of unit building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a unit building with which a wide indoor vertical space can be secured and unit conveyance or suspension work can be performed easily.SOLUTION: A building unit 1 includes a framework including a plurality of columns 3 and an upper beam 2, a ceiling part 20 is comprised of the upper beam 2, and a lower side of the building unit is opened by omitting a lower beam connecting lower ends of the column 3. The building unit 1 is disposed on a mat foundation 9 including a footing slab 91 and footing beams 92, the lower ends of the columns 3 of the building unit 1 are coupled to upper parts of the footing beams 92, a floor part 6 is provided over the footing slab 91, and an indoor space is formed from the floor part 6 to the ceiling part 20.

Description

  The present invention relates to a unit type building and a method for constructing a unit type building.

A rectangular parallelepiped frame is constructed from pillars, ceiling beams, and floor beams, and interior parts such as outer wall panels and stairs are attached to this frame, and multiple building units are manufactured. Unit type that transports and constructs the lower floor part by arranging multiple building units on the fabric foundation, and constructs the upper floor part by arranging other building units on this lower floor part There is a building (Patent Document 1).
Further, as a unit type building, there is one in which a wall panel is erected along an edge of a rectangular floor panel, and a U-shaped unit having an upper opening is used, and this U-shaped unit is arranged at a construction site. (Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent No. 4520666 Japanese Patent Publication No. 7-100955

  In the unit type building of Patent Document 1, since the framework of the building unit has a rectangular parallelepiped shape, the upper and lower spaces of the indoor space are defined by a floor portion composed of floor beams and a ceiling portion composed of ceiling beams. The living room space becomes narrow.

  In the unit of Patent Document 2, since the upper part of the unit is opened at the time of truck transport, a jig for preventing the opening of the opening is required. Moreover, when building a building, the unit is suspended by hooking an eyebolt provided at the upper corner of the wall panel. However, since the upper part of the unit is open, the strength of the unit is reduced and deformation occurs. There is a fear. For this reason, a device is required for hanging the unit so that the strength of the unit does not decrease, and the work becomes complicated.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a unit-type building and a method for constructing a unit-type building that can ensure a wide indoor vertical space and can easily carry and suspend units.

The unit building according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The unit building includes a building unit 1 having a frame having a plurality of pillars 3 and an upper beam 2, and the foundation is a foundation. It is a solid foundation 9 having a slab 91 and a foundation beam 92, and the building unit includes a ceiling portion 20 formed from the upper beam, a lower beam connecting the lower ends of the columns is omitted, and a lower portion is opened. A lower end portion of the column is coupled to an upper portion of the foundation beam, a floor portion 6 is provided on the solid foundation slab, and an indoor space is formed from the floor portion to the ceiling portion.
In the present invention with this configuration, since the lower beam of the building unit is omitted, it is possible to configure a continuous indoor space from the ceiling of the building unit to the floor of the solid foundation slab. The space above and below the space can be increased. In addition, when the building unit is transported by a transporting means such as a truck, the ceiling portion is formed on the building unit, so that it is necessary to prevent the opening of the upper opening as in the conventional U-shaped unit. In addition, when the building unit is suspended at the construction site, the ceiling portion made of the upper beam is suspended, so that the rigidity of the building unit is maintained and the building unit itself is not deformed.

In the unit type building of the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of the building units are arranged in series, and some of these building units are used as the store 11.
In the present invention having this configuration, the flexibility in layout can be ensured by increasing the height in the store, for example, displaying products with height in the store.

In the unit type building of the present invention, it is preferable that a plurality of the building units are arranged in series, and some of these building units are used as the car space 17.
In this invention of this structure, it becomes possible to park a vehicle with a high vehicle height by increasing the height of the car space.

It is preferable that the building unit has a multi-storey structure in which the building units are arranged vertically.
In the present invention having this configuration, it is possible to provide a unit type building having a large indoor vertical space such as a living room on the upper and lower floors.

The method for constructing a unit building according to the present invention is a method for constructing a unit building having the above-described configuration. In a factory, a ceiling part is manufactured from a plurality of upper beams, and a column is provided at a corner of the ceiling part. A building unit is manufactured by connection, and the building unit is transported to the site by means of transportation, and then the ceiling of the building unit is suspended and installed on a solid foundation.
In this invention of this structure, the unit type building which can have the above-mentioned effect can be constructed easily.

In the construction method of the unit type building of the present invention, the pillar can be divided, and in the factory, a part of the pillar is connected to the ceiling part, and in the construction site, the remaining part of the pillar is connected to a part of the pillar. The structure which does is preferable.
In the present invention having this configuration, when a building unit is transported from a factory to a construction site by a transporting means such as a truck or a ship, the transporting space can be reduced to improve transportation efficiency. In other words, in a normal building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame from columns, upper beams, and lower beams, the internal space of the frame becomes a dead space for conveyance and transport efficiency is poor. Since it divides and conveys, a conveyance space can be made small.

The floor plan which shows the 1st floor part among the unit type buildings which concern on 1st Embodiment of this invention. The floor plan which shows the 2nd floor part among the said unit type buildings. The floor plan which shows the 3rd-floor part among the said unit type buildings. The floor plan which shows the 4th floor part among the said unit type buildings. The front view which shows the outline of the said unit type building. The perspective view which shows the framework of a building unit. (A)-(C) is a figure explaining the construction method of the unit type building which concerns on 1st Embodiment of this invention. (A)-(C) are the schematic explaining the construction method of the unit type building which concerns on 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

A first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 to 4 show the floor plan of the unit type building according to the first embodiment. FIG. 1 shows the first floor portion, FIG. 2 shows the second floor portion, FIG. 3 shows the third floor portion, and FIG. Indicates the 4th floor.
The unit type building of the first embodiment is constructed of a plurality of building units 1 arranged vertically and horizontally, and is a tenement type in which three or more houses (only two are shown in the figure) are continuously built in contact with walls. It is a four-story building. In the unit type building, in each house, a combination of a building unit 1 having a long side portion facing the front and a building unit 1 having a short side portion facing the front is used.

  In FIG. 1, the first floor portion of the unit type building is a floor plan in which each door has a store 11, a kitchen 12, a toilet 13, a closet 14, a staircase 15, an entrance 16, and a car space 17. The store 11, the entrance 16, and the car space 17 are arranged on opposite sides. These living rooms and the space of the entrance / exit part 18 of the store 11 are constructed by combining a plurality (12) of building units 1, and among these, the two building units 1 constituting the car space 17 are arranged apart from each other. The joint panel 1A is disposed between them. The kitchen 12, the toilet 13 and the closet 14 are composed of one building unit 1. The building unit 1 and the building unit 1 constituting the staircase 15 are separated from each other. Is configured. The vent 19 is continuously formed from the first floor to the third floor.

  In FIG. 2, the second floor portion of the unit building includes a balcony 21 and a living room 22 located above a part of the store 11, a kitchen / dining room 23 located above the remaining part of the store 11, and a kitchen. 12, pantry 24 and bedroom 25 located above toilet 13 and closet 14, staircase 26 located above staircase 15, shower toilet room 27 located above entrance 16, and car space 17 Each room has a bedroom 28 located above, and two of the building units 1 constituting the bedroom 35 are arranged apart from each other, and a joint panel 1A is arranged between them. . The building unit 1 constituting the second floor portion is arranged immediately above the building unit 1 constituting the first floor portion.

  In FIG. 3, the third floor portion of the unit building includes a balcony 31 located above a part of the balcony 21 and the living room 22, a bedroom 32 and a library located above the living room 22 and the kitchen / dining room 23. 33, a closet 34 located above the kitchen / dining room 23 and the pantry 24, a unit bath 35 located above the bedroom 25, a staircase 36 located above the staircase 26, and a shower Each room has a closet 37 and a shower room 38 located above the toilet room 27, and a bedroom 39 with a balcony located above the bedroom 28. Of these, the bedroom 39 with a balcony is formed. Two building units 1 are arranged apart from each other, Joint panel 1A are arranged between these.

  In FIG. 4, the fourth floor portion of the unit type building includes a balcony 41 located above a part of the balcony 31 and the bedroom 32, a living room 42 located at a part of the information on the bedroom 32, and an upper part of the library 33. A toilet 43, a staircase 44 located above the staircase 36, a laundry room 45 located above the unit bath 35, a balcony located on a part of the closet 37 and a bedroom 39 with a balcony. 46 is a floor plan, and a floor 47 is provided above the vent 19 that constitutes the first to third floor portions.

FIG. 5 shows a schematic front view of a unit building.
In FIG. 5, the foundation on which the unit type building is built is a solid foundation 9 in which foundation beams 92 are provided on both sides of the foundation slab 91. This is a structure in which one building unit 1 is supported by foundation beams 92 provided on both sides of the foundation slab 91. FIG. 5 shows one house from the first floor part to the middle of the fourth floor part. In the unit type building for one house, the foundation beam 92 is continuously provided in the depth direction of the building, and no foundation beam is provided in a direction intersecting with the depth direction, and the foundation slab 91 of the same level is provided. Is formed.

A schematic configuration of the building unit 1 is shown in FIG.
In FIG. 6, the building unit 1 includes a framework having four upper beams 2 and four columns 3. The building unit 1 of the present embodiment has a structure in which the lower beam connecting the lower ends of the four pillars 3 is omitted and the lower part is opened.
The upper beam 2 includes two long-side upper beams 2L opposed to each other and two short-side upper beams 2S that connect ends of the long-side upper beams 2L. A plurality of ceiling beams 2M are provided between the long side upper beams 2L in parallel with 2S. A ceiling surface material (not shown) is provided on the lower surface of the ceiling beam 2M. The ceiling portion 20 is constituted by the long side upper beam 2L, the short side upper beam 2S, the ceiling beam 2M, and the ceiling surface material. Eye bolts (not shown) for hanging the building unit are provided at the corners of the ceiling portion 20.

The lower end of the pillar 3 has the same structure as a pillar of a conventional building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame, and an anchor bolt described later can be joined and can be connected to a loading platform such as a truck as a transportation means. .
Of the four pillars 3, an outer wall and an inner wall (not shown) are provided between the two pillars 3 facing the outside of the building or the adjacent building unit 1.
The upper ends of the pillars 3 adjacent to each other in the adjacent building unit 1 are joined to each other by a connecting plate 4.

In FIG. 5, the lower end portion of the column 3 is coupled to the upper portion of the foundation beam 92 of the solid foundation 9. That is, a recess 920 is formed in the foundation beam 92, and the recess 920 is filled with the grout material 93. The anchor bolt 5 that protrudes downward from the lower end of the column 3 is locked to the grout material 93 housed in the recess 920.
In this embodiment, the floor surface material 60 is provided on the foundation slab 91 of the solid foundation 9, and the floor surface material 60 constitutes the floor portion 6 of the first floor portion.
The floor 6 is continuously formed at the same level in the depth direction of the building. An indoor space is formed from the floor 6 to the ceiling 20. In the present embodiment, the upper surface of the floor material 60 constituting the floor portion 6 is formed lower than the upper surface of the foundation beam 92. Therefore, the vertical height of the indoor space on the first floor is higher than the length of the pillar 3 of the building unit 1.

The building unit 1 of the second floor part is arranged immediately above the building unit 1 of the first floor part, and the lower end portion of the pillar 3 is connected to the upper part of the pillar 3 of the building unit 1 of the first floor part via the connecting plate 4. Are connected to each other.
Similarly, the building unit 1 on the third floor is arranged immediately above the building unit 1 on the second floor, and the lower end of the pillar 3 is connected to the upper part of the pillar 3 of the building unit 1 on the second floor. Are connected to each other.
The building unit 1 on the fourth floor is arranged immediately above the building unit 1 on the third floor, and the lower end of the pillar 3 is connected to the upper part of the pillar 3 of the building unit 1 on the third floor via a connecting plate 4. Are connected to each other.
A roof (not shown) is provided on the building unit 1 on the fourth floor. This roof has a structure in which a roof panel is supported by a bundle and a mounting bracket (not shown).

Next, the construction method of the unit type building concerning one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG.
First, as shown in FIG. 7A, in the factory, a planar rectangular ceiling portion 20 is manufactured from a plurality of long-side upper beams 2L, short-side upper beams 2S, ceiling beam 2M, and a ceiling surface material, and thereafter 7 (B), the pillar 3 is connected to each of the four corners of the ceiling portion 20, and the inner wall and the outer wall are installed between the adjacent pillars 3 to manufacture the building unit 1. Furthermore, interior parts such as stairs and kitchens installed in the building unit 1 are manufactured at the factory.
The parts constituting the unit type building such as the building unit 1 and the stairs are transported to the construction site by a transport means such as a truck or a ship. At this time, the lower end portion of the pillar 3 is connected to a loading platform such as a truck in the same manner as in the prior art.
At the construction site, the solid foundation 9 composed of the foundation slab 91 and the foundation beam 92 is previously constructed. A recess 920 is formed at a predetermined position of the foundation beam 92, and the recess 920 is filled with a grout material 93.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 7C, the building unit 1 and other parts are assembled at the construction site. Therefore, the ceiling part 20 of the building unit 1 on the first floor is suspended by a crane and installed on the foundation beam 92 of the solid foundation 9. At this time, the anchor bolt 5 attached in advance to the lower end of the column 3 of the building unit 1 is housed in the recess 920 of the foundation beam 92, so that the solid foundation 9 and the building unit 1 of the first floor portion are coupled. .
Further, in order to construct the first floor portion, a plurality of building units 1 are installed on the solid foundation 9, and among these, the connecting plate 4 is joined to the tops of the columns 3 adjacent to each other in the adjacent building unit 1. When the first floor building unit 1 is installed on the solid foundation 9, the floor 6 is constructed on the foundation slab 91 of the solid foundation 9. Furthermore, interior items such as stairs and kitchens are installed inside the building unit 1.

After the construction of the first floor part is completed, the building unit 1 constituting the second floor part is installed on the building unit 1 of the first floor part, and interior parts such as stairs and kitchens are installed inside these building units 1 Furthermore, they are connected to each other via the connecting plate 4 on the upper part of the pillar 3 of the building unit 1 on the second floor.
Similarly, when the construction of the second floor portion is completed, the building unit 1 constituting the third floor portion is installed on the second floor portion of the building unit 1, and interior parts such as stairs and kitchens are installed inside these building units 1. When the construction of the third floor is completed, the building unit 1 constituting the fourth floor is installed on the building unit 1 of the third floor, and a staircase, a kitchen, etc. are installed inside these building units 1 Interior parts are installed, and a roof is constructed on these building units 1.

Therefore, in the first embodiment, the following operational effects can be achieved.
(1) A frame having a plurality of pillars 3 and an upper beam 2 is provided, the ceiling 20 is formed from the upper beam 2, and the lower beam connecting the lower ends of the pillars 3 is omitted and the lower part is opened. The building unit 1 is arranged on a solid foundation 9 having a foundation slab 91 and a foundation beam 92, the lower end of the column 3 of the building unit 1 is coupled to the upper part of the foundation beam 92, and the floor 6 is provided on the foundation slab 91. An indoor space was formed from the floor 6 to the ceiling 20. Since the lower beam of the building unit 1 is omitted, the space above the foundation slab 91 of the solid foundation 9 also constitutes an indoor space, and the height of the indoor space can be increased. In addition, when the building unit is suspended at the construction site, the ceiling portion 20 made of the upper beam 2 is suspended, so that the rigidity of the building unit 1 is maintained and the building unit itself is not deformed. Therefore, since it is possible to carry out the same building unit suspending work as before, it is possible to share the construction of the unit type building with the conventional example in which the building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame is constructed.

(2) Since a plurality of building units 1 are arranged in series to constitute one house, a so-called tenement building can be easily constructed.
(3) Since some building units 1 are used as a store among the plurality of building units 1 arranged in series, the height of the indoor space of the store can be increased. Therefore, since a high product can be displayed, the freedom of product layout in the store is increased.

(4) Since some of the building units 1 are used as car spaces, the height of the car space can be increased. Therefore, it is possible to park a vehicle having a higher vehicle height than the conventional example in which the building unit is configured from a rectangular parallelepiped frame.

(5) Since the building unit 1 without a lower beam is a multi-story building arranged above and below, the height of the indoor space such as a living room on the upper and lower floors can be increased.

(6) In constructing the unit type building, first, the ceiling part 20 is manufactured from the upper beam 2, and the building unit 1 is manufactured by connecting the pillar 3 to the corner of the ceiling part 20. 1 was transported to the site by means of transportation, and at the construction site, the ceiling 20 of the building unit 1 was suspended and constructed on the solid foundation 9. Therefore, the unit type building which can show the above-mentioned effect can be constructed easily.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the column structure of the building unit 1 and the construction method of the unit type building, and other configurations, for example, the floor plan of the building, are the same as those in the first embodiment. Here, in the description of the second embodiment, the same components as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
The building unit 1 of the second embodiment is configured such that the pillar 3 is divided into two parts, an upper pillar part 3U and a lower pillar part 3L, and these upper pillar part 3U and lower pillar part 3L are joined plates 3P. The structures are joined to each other (see FIG. 8C).

  In order to construct a unit type building using such a building unit 1, a plurality of long side upper beams 2L, short side upper beams 2S, ceiling beam 2M and ceiling are installed in the factory as shown in FIG. The flat rectangular ceiling part 20 is manufactured from the face material, and then the upper column part 3U is connected to the corner of the ceiling part 20. Further, as shown in FIG. 8 (B), a plurality of lower pillar portions 3L are manufactured, and further, interior parts such as a joining plate 3P, inner walls, outer walls, stairs, and kitchens are manufactured in a factory.

A part of the building unit 1 in which the upper column part 3U is connected to the corner part of the ceiling part 20, the lower column part 3L, the joining plate 3P, and further interior parts constituting the unit type building such as stairs are transported, for example Transport to the construction site by truck or ship.
At the construction site, as shown in FIG. 8 (C), the lower pillar portion 3L is connected to the upper pillar portion 3U connected to the corner portion of the ceiling portion 20, and these connecting portions are connected via the joining plate 3P. The building unit 1 is completed by welding and fixing to each other and attaching wall panels to the pillars 3 as necessary. Then, the building unit 1 is installed on the solid foundation 9 in the same procedure as in the first embodiment, and interior units such as stairs and a kitchen are assembled inside the building unit 1 to construct a unit type building.

Therefore, in the second embodiment, in addition to the same effects as (1) to (6) of the first embodiment, the following effects can be obtained.
(7) In the factory, the pillar 3 can be divided into two parts, an upper pillar part 3U and a lower pillar part 3L, of which the upper pillar part 3U is connected to the ceiling part 20, and at the construction site, the lower pillar part 3L Since it is connected to the upper column part 3U, when the building unit 1 is conveyed from the factory to the construction site by means of conveyance such as trucks and ships, the conveyance space is reduced by the length of the lower column part 3L to improve the transportation efficiency. Can be made.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and includes the following modifications as long as the object of the present invention can be achieved.
For example, in the above-described embodiment, a multi-story unit-type building including a second-floor part, a third-floor part, and a fourth-floor part is used. Good.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, when a multi-story building is used, the building unit constituting the second floor part or more may be a conventional building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame from columns, upper beams, and lower beams. If a building unit having a rectangular parallelepiped frame is used, interior parts such as a kitchen can be attached to the inside of the frame at the factory, so that work at the construction site can be shortened.

In the present invention, it is not necessary to provide a store or a car space, and the floor plan of the building can be changed as appropriate.
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the flooring material 60 was arrange | positioned on the foundation slab 91 and the floor part 6 was comprised, in this invention, the space which does not necessarily require flooring materials, such as the store 11 and the car space 17, etc. The floor portion may be configured to use the basic slab 91 as it is.

  The present invention can be used for detached houses, apartment houses, and other general buildings.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Building unit, 2 ... Upper beam, 3 ... Column, 3U ... Upper column part, 3L ... Lower column part, 6 ... Floor part, 11 ... Store, 17 ... Car space, 20 ... Ceiling part, 9 ... Solid foundation, 91 ... foundation slab, 92 ... foundation beam

Claims (6)

It is a unit type building that is based on a building unit with a frame having a plurality of columns and upper beams,
The foundation is a solid foundation having a foundation slab and a foundation beam;
In the building unit, a ceiling portion is configured from the upper beam, a lower beam connecting the lower ends of the columns is omitted, and a lower portion is opened, and a lower end portion of the column is coupled to an upper portion of the foundation beam,
A unit type building characterized in that a floor portion is provided on the solid foundation slab, and an indoor space is formed from the floor portion to the ceiling portion. In the unit type building according to claim 1,
A plurality of the building units are arranged in series, and some of these building units are used as stores. In the unit type building according to claim 1 or 2,
A plurality of the building units are arranged in series, and some of these building units are used as a car space. In the unit type building according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A unit type building characterized in that the building unit has a plurality of floors arranged vertically. A method for constructing a unit type building according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
In a factory, a ceiling part is manufactured from a plurality of upper beams, a column is connected to a corner of the ceiling part to manufacture a building unit, and the building unit is transported to the site by means of transportation, and then the ceiling of the building unit is manufactured. A method for constructing a unit type building, characterized in that the construction is suspended on a solid foundation. In the construction method of the unit type building described in Claim 5,
Construction of a unit type building characterized in that the pillar can be divided, a part of the pillar is connected to a ceiling part in a factory, and a remaining part of the pillar is connected to a part of the pillar in a construction site. Method.

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